Although the COVID-19 pandemic shows no signs of abating, public health strategies have transitioned from containment to harm reduction. In light of this paradigm shift, it is critical that individuals take steps to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. In the United States, the CDC recommends that individuals wear face coverings in public places, such as grocery stores

Due to growing environmental concerns, the research on coloration of textiles with reactive dyes is gaining special attention nowadays because of their maximum usage, excellent wet fastness and friendliness. One disadvantage of reactive dye is the hydrolysis, due to which a large amount of dye does not fix the fabric leading to extensive washing. The present study deals with increasing dyeability and

Textiles are considered to be an integral part of human life, since they are associated with the human body round the clock. Because of the various application of textiles in several fields, it is obvious that, people will expect functional characteristics such as comfort, healthcare, hygiene properties in clothing. The healthcare characteristics were also much expected in clothing to protect the human

The reflectance characteristics of substrate play an important role in its appearance under near infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) receptor instruments. The reflectance behavior of the printed blend fabrics incorporated with citric acid as cross-linker and ceramic nano-powders such as zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) were evaluated in order to tune their reflection values

This study contributes to the field of flammable resistant textiles. Boric acid, borax, and nano SiO2 were added to a commercial finishing solution, separate solutions were prepared for each. The difference in this study is to improve the functional finishing processes of denim fabrics consisting of 99% cotton and 1% elastane. The aim is to draw attention to the flame-retardant performance improvements

Mentha piperita is a hybrid mint, a crossbreed between watermint and spearmint. Indigenous to Europe and the Middle East, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world. It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species. This study has been undertaken to apply Mentha piperita bio extract on woven cotton textiles for antibacterial finish. With a view to understand

Cotton fibres have been used in many absorbent products. A porous structure is most conducive to absorbing liquid. More is the porosity better would be the absorbent capacity. However, a porous fibrous structure is structurally fragile and can easily collapse during the absorbing process leading to changes in porosity, nature of pore structure and pore size distribution. The structural rigidity is

In this study, the cotton fabrics were coated with silane-based nanosols containing modified huntite–hydromagnesite (HH) via pad-dry-cure process. The modification of HH was carried out by the grafting of (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) or vinyltrietoxysilane (VTES) on HH by means of different oxidative agents such as hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulphate in free radical reaction

Aiming at the problem of digital inheritance and innovation of batik fabric patterns, a method for extracting batik fabric pattern and element was proposed. First, performing morphological preprocessing on the obtained digital image of batik fabric, including morphological gradient, reconstruction and local maximum image acquisition and adjustment, not only effectively remove the texture and noise

Polyester monofilaments are widely used in the manufacture of 3D textiles. Due to their buckling state during the fabric compression process, polyester fibres provide such fabrics with a number of interesting properties. The aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of the buckling behaviour of polyester monofilaments. The article focuses on the influence of the material heterogeneity of polyester

Advanced wearable medical devices are widely used for health monitoring, i.e. recording and analyzing signals from human organs. However, the signal quality is influenced significantly by medical electrodes, which became the bottleneck for health monitoring due to unstable impedance under long-term daily usage. Here, a novel monitoring electrode was designed with uniform micro-convex shape to increase

The vibration behavior of monofilaments was investigated to identify their physical and apparent properties. The investigation is based on the general belief that the modal parameters of a given structure are the functions of its physical properties. Therefore, a laboratory instrument with a high-speed digital camera was designed to measure the vibration behavior of simple monofilaments, knotted monofilaments

Abstract Superfine glass fibers have high-temperature resistance, but they are rarely used and investigated at high temperature. In this article, the morphology, diameter and mesoporous are investigated by treating the superfine glass fiber felt during 400–650 °C. The result shows that the surface of heated fiber is smoother than original one; the diameter increases at 400 °C, then decreases with the

Knitted fabrics made of natural, synthetic and regenerated fibres are presented to the final consumers at different fabric constructions. Reason to select different fibre types, fibre blends, and knitting constructions utilisation is to optimize consumer demands of comfort, functionality, fashion and price. Continuous fibre improving studies are one driving factor behind the fabric and clothing design

In textile printing, hydrotropic components are usually added to print paste formulations promoting the hydration of textile fabrics by disrupting the hydrogen bonding network between water molecules. For this purpose, urea is commonly used but nevertheless, its presence causes water eutrophication and their reduction or replacement by more environmentally-friendly products is required. In the present

Determination of dye biosorption capacity by lichen biosorbent and reusability of the waste lichen biosorbent as an antimicrobial agent are the aims of this study. The study has three stages: 1. to carry out dye biosorption assays, 2. to scan antimicrobial activity of waste lichen biosorbent after dye loaded, 3. to examine the antimicrobial function of a fabric which absorbed waste lichen extract.

This study aims to develop a novel wearable electrode which has better moisture comfort and improves the stability of electrical signal monitoring. The silver-plated filaments were chlorinated by the method of electrochemical deposition to enhance the potential stability of the textile electrode. Water-conducting polyester filament, cotton yarn, and silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrode filament

Single-segment collectors, commonly used in electrospinning, distribute nanofibers randomly over their entire length. To improve the orientation of resultant nanofibers, a multi-segmented collector has been developed having alternate conducting and nonconducting segments. The alignment principle is based upon the attraction of nanofibers towards conductive segments, while the nonconductive segments

An electropneumatic shedding mechanism has been designed and developed for making a prototype sampling loom with having computer-controlled shedding in our project supported by Turkish Government. In the study, in order to choose the best suited healds and heald frame movement distance for shedding system, different shedding geometries were studied and compared in relation to the cloth fell distances

This work deals with the development of nonwoven fabrics using spunlace technology. The work done by us is on hydroentanglement process of polyester, viscose and their blends including preparation process and characterization of the fabric. The material parameters such as type of fiber, blend ratio and process parameters like jet pressure were studied in this research. The performance characteristics

Biodeterioration of fabric made of natural fibre is an inevitable threat for the textile industry. Many antimicrobial finishing with synthetic chemical are been in practice but the wash out effluent from the industry pollutes the environment and also becomes a cause for antimicrobial resistance in microbes at the exposed environment. Hence the present study is designed to identify a natural antimicrobial

Sweater pattern design plays a crucial role in practical production, determining whether the finished products can meet the requirements of customers. In addition, pattern-designing is also a vital link in the production of sweaters, affecting the development cycle and final quality of products. For this reason, this work proposed two different kinds of algorithms for sweater pattern design: synchronous

Sericins are derived from the outer layer of silk thread proteins of the common silkworm (Bombyx mori) and act as a glue to fix fibers of the developing cocoon. Although sericin has potential uses in various fields, including tissue engineering and the development of cosmetics, biological applications of intact sericin have yet to be identified. We previously developed transgenic silkworms that produce

Uniaxially alignment of electrospun nanofibers is one of the main concerns to produce nanofiber yarns. Parallel electrode collectors have been used for this purpose. In this study, the effect of gap distance between parallel electrodes, electrode plate’s width, tip to collector distance (TCD) and charge density (CD) on uniaxial alignment and average diameter of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers in

This research aimed to study the structure and magnetic properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) synthesized with various precursors in acidic and basic media deposited on glass mat. These nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method using two different precursors such as nickel nitrate hexahydrate and nickel chloride hexahydrate at optimal temperature with the same concentrations. Deposition

A model able to reproduce the tensile response of single continuous-filament yarns based on parameters derived from geometrical descriptors is presented in this paper. Samples of yarns made of polyester and aramid fibres were scanned at rest using X-ray microtomography, allowing a detailed identification of their fibre orientation distributions for different twists. The variation of the fibre packing

Abstract Pilling is a defect that affects the appearance of fabrics, being its assessment carried out by the textile sector using a subjective method (reference). This method is simple and works well in most cases. However, uncertainties may arise when complicated cases are under evaluation. The current study addresses the use of an optical 3D-system for the topographic surface reconstruction of fabrics

To investigate the effects of hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) branches grafted onto the backbones of acetate starch on the sizing performance, a series of acetate starch-g-poly(acrylic acid) (AS-g-PAA) with different grafting ratio of 6.71–10.04% were prepared by graft copolymerization in an aqueous medium. The effect of grafting conditions on grafting ratio and efficiency were investigated. The

In the production of functional nonwovens with sustainable fibers, kapok, with unique qualities, becomes an excellent candidate for the production of thermal insulation textiles. However, the development of 100% raw kapok fiber structures is a challenge, since their mechanical resistance and inter-fiber cohesion is very low. In this work, the thermal behavior of new needle punched bi-layered nonwovens

The drape behaviour of fabric is regarded as an aesthetic property, especially in the apparel and home textile industries. It has an influence on how well the appearance of a fabric in the end use. Fabric drape testing instrument developed by Cusick has been commonly used for the objective measurement of fabric drape behaviour. The device and the classic cut-and-weigh procedure is still the standard

Herein the research on coloration of polystyrene (PS) microfibers with disperse dyes by the pad-dry-cure method has been reported. The PS microfibers were fabricated via electrospinning technique and pretreated with a wetting agent (Hostapal MRN) for 5 min prior to padding in dye liquor for over-coming hydrophobicity and improving dye up-take. The microfiber samples were dipped and nipped twice in

In this work, we developed the electromagnetic shielding effective (EMI SE) polyester woven fabrics by simple electroless plating with copper. Subsequently, it was coated with various precursors to investigate their influence on the EMI SE values. In addition, we studied the effect of copper sulfate concentration and the number of dips required to improve the EMI SE values. The results of the experiment

The development of smart textiles with various ‘self-functioning’ capabilities has been opened up increasingly with possibilities of innovative and technological applications. Chromic textiles are perceived as a way to add features into common textiles. The present work aims to present and discuss the overall usability of chromic textiles by reviewing recent developments which have been done in order

Textile signal lines (TSLs) are important elements of the clothing of the future, i.e. smart clothing or e-textiles. The goal of the analysis described in this article is to check the possibility of fabricating a microstrip, coplanar and grounded coplanar TSL with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms or less, using flat fabrics. Lines with this impedance are often used in various transmission systems

In this study, it is postulated that information based on skin layer deformation is necessary for the design of next-to-skin functional cycling suit. Especially for shoulder–chest region, shoulder–back region, waist–abdomen region and waist–hip region, which are critical factors in contact comfort sensations. The skin length deformation during three different road conditions (including uphill, downhill

In this work, an embroidered textile moisture sensor is proposed and characterized with three different fabric substrates. The sensors are based on a capacitive interdigitated structure embroidered on a textile substrate with a conductive yarn. The performance of three different type of substrates has been addressed. In order to evaluate the sensor behavior, the impedance of the sensor has been measured

In this study, a new agrotextile structure containing ammonium and nitrate fertilizers which is called controlled release fertilizer (CRF) was designed. The prepared structure was used in lettuce growth trials both in the absence and presence of dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) inhibitor. In order to better monitor nitrogen balance in the soil and total nitrogen amounts in the whole system including

Nonwoven fabrics usually exhibit a more sophisticated behavior against force compared to other fabrics. This paper deals with a new method to simulate the bursting behavior of nonwoven fabrics. To this aim, the spunbonded nonwoven samples in different mass per unit area of 30, 50, 70 and 90 g/m2 were prepared. At the first step, the tensile tests in different directions were conducted on a sample and

Photocatalysts are one of the recent functional additives used extensively in recent years due to their unique properties. This research attempts to finished silk and viscose fabrics with titania NPs for multifunctional finishing such as self-clean, anti-ultraviolet, and antibacterial. Citric acid was used as a cross-linking agent to increase the adsorption of NPs, using pad-cure. The K/S and ΔE were

Due to the complex microstructure of textile composites, the modeling of physical properties is challenging. The mechanical properties of textiles depend on different geometrical parameters such as the yarn's geometrical properties, undulation, geometrical cross-section, gap between two adjacent yarns, and other parameters. In this paper, a geometrical modeling of 2D and 3D woven composites is presented

The present research investigated previously unexplored attributes of 3D printed continuous fiberglass reinforced Nylon composites, Drop-weight and pendulum (Charpy and Izod) impact resistance including their failure mechanisms with a view to assessing their suitability for prospective high-performance applications such as aerospace, automobile and building industries. The composites were printed with

CSTRI has developed new technology for the production of void raw silk in reeling process. In this technology, the cocoons were reeled along with PVA yarn as core, which is termed as void silk, since PVA component would be dissolved subsequently. Three types of raw silk yarns were produced by maintaining 10, 20, 30 cocoons per end and with same cocoons with PVA yarn as core. These yarns were utilized

The objective of this research work was to investigate the effect of water pressure on the properties of false-twist textured yarn produced using an innovative false-twist texturing system with waterjet twister/cooler and superheated steam heater. Commercial texturing speed of 800 m/min was selected for this paper so as to establish that this innovative method can be used for false twist texturing

The eco-sustainable natural dyes and their application are increasing due to the control of pollution, biological protection and easy application. In this study, Marigold natural dye was extracted from the flowers of the indigenous crop and applied onto cotton fabric by ultrasound-assisted dyeing method. In the first stage, the extraction of natural dye was optimized. Afterward, mercerized cotton fabric

The present research investigates the use of biocolorants (Anthocyanin and chlorophyll) extracted from Cinnamomum camphora waste/fallen leaves to develop natural and beautiful shades on wool fibers. Simple aqueous extraction followed by the evaluation of build-up properties using binary metal combinations (ferrous sulfate/Fe, copper sulfate/Cu, and aluminum potassium sulfate/Al) as mordants were studied

In this article, a model for predicting the tensile strength of ultrafine glass fiber felts is presented with theoretical formula. On the basis of this model, the tensile strength depends on the mean diameter of fibers, resin content and bulk density, but the exact value of strength cannot be calculated directly. The artificial neural network (ANN) is introduced to work out the problem, where the mean

This paper for the first time demonstrates the application of the concept of Zero-Waste Pattern Cutting (ZWPC) into mass production of apparel to tackle over 60 billion square metres of scarp fabrics being produced by the fashion industry annually. A strategic framework for implementing ZWPC for multiple sizes of clothing was first developed, then applied and tested on two styles of garments in multiple

Rib-knit fabrics are among the fundamental structures which can be produced on the double-bed knitting machine. Ribs are very popular textiles because of certain crucial properties, i.e. extensive shrinkage in width and dimensional stability of the structure, which are not observed in the single jersey fabrics. In this study, an analysis of the physical and the mechanical properties of balanced rib-knitted

Fossils-derived textile dyes, additives and fibers have eventually found their way into the human food chain in the form of microfibers and microplastics. The clothing being second skin is exposed to textile dyes and additives that are cytotoxic, carcinogenic, genotoxic and mutagenic causing DNA damage. Thus, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) and the U.S. Environment Protection Agency (EPA) encourage

In order to develop masks, wipes and other products with antibacterial and health care functions, wormwood extract/viscose spunlaced nonwoven fabric samples were prepared by changing the roll pressure and the concentration of waterborne polyurethane. Properties of the samples were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XPS, thickness gauge, gas permeability meter and bending stiffness meter. The results showed

Increasing the molecular weight via polycondensation process is an efficient way to improve polyester industrial fiber strength. This paper compares the performance and structures of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers made with solid-state polycondensation (SSP) and liquid-state polycondensation (LSP) processes. Two PET fibers were prepared by melt spinning with SSP and LSP. The structures of

A simple method to prepare pH responsive Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) composite membrane was provided by blending with Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hydrolysed. To introduce reactive groups for weak polyelectrolye, PVC/PAN/SiO2 composite hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) was prepared by a hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile in different concentration alkaline solution. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Introduction: Proper protective gear sizing is an important factor both for civilian and defence population. This is much more so in the defence sector as a well fitted personal protective ensemble (PPE), for example, a bullet proof jacket could be the difference between survival and fatality. So in order to develop a size reference for personal protective ensemble, a pan India anthropometric study

In this study, powdered waste mussel shells were used as a filler to improve the thermal properties of polypropylene monofilaments. Composite polypropylene monofilaments including various amounts of mussel shell particles were produced by melt mixing and extrusion. Thermal characterization was performed with the thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, tensile

In this study, bioactive fibers were produced using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gelatin and pine honey by using electrospinning method. The influence of honey content (0–15 wt%) on the infrared spectrum, morphology, average diameter, surface wettability and antioxidant activity of the electrospun fibers was evaluated. The Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum showed the successful incorporation of honey

Sizing, a liquid mixture consisting of film former, coupling agent, antistatic and lubricant agents, is normally applied onto the surface of basalt fiber (BF) immediately after the filament was drawn from the melt. In this article, the effect of concentration of constituents in sizing on the mechanical properties of BF was investigated using a Taguchi method with orthogonal array design. The results

Two chitosan, CS, microfibers loaded with the herbal persimmon leaves, PL, and the non-herbal metformin hydrochloride, MH, were wet spun, respectively. SEM images shown that these two CS microfibers have different surface morphologies at the as-spun state due to the PL-loaded fiber presented the squamae-like structure and the MH-loaded fiber presented some bright dots. This suggested that the PL and

In this research, eri silk yarn was dyed with polydopamine (PDA) formed in situ by oxidation of a dopamine (DA) solution under alkaline condition at pH 8.5 in the presence of oxygen. Eri silk yarn was immersed in different initial concentrations of DA solution (0.010 – 5.00 mg mL−1) for 24 h, after which the yarn changed to a black/brown color. This indicated that PDA could adhere on the surface of

External forces cause deformations on fabrics and define their mechanical properties. . In this study, woven fabrics having different weave types with different weft settings and their shear properties such as shear angle, breaking load, and extension at bias direction were investigated by bias-extension test. A new geometrical model was proposed to predict the shear angle of deformed fabrics from

The objectives of this research work were to investigate the effect of air pressure on properties of polyester/nylon intermingled yarn and melange fabric with special reference to melange fabric appearance. Air pressure has significant negative correlation with all the intermingled yarn properties except mingle stability. Air pressure has positive correlations with melange fabric appearance in terms