Abstract In this paper, a staggered, nonlinear finite element procedure is developed to solve the large-strain based coupled system of time dependent Ginzburg-Landau (GL) and thermoelasticity equations for phase transformations at the nanoscale. Geometrical nonlinearities are included based on the total Lagrangian description where the total deformation gradient is defined as the multiplicative decomposition

Abstract This paper reports on an investigation into the relationship between stiffness and applied force of an advanced biological composite structure using four techniques: experimental observation; finite element analysis (FEA); regression learner analysis; and, artificial neural networks (ANNs). The entire hydrated third metacarpal bones (MC3) from 16 thoroughbred horses were loaded in compression

Abstract Quasi-static indentation tests were conducted to characterize the mechanical behavior of honeycombs. The local failure mechanisms of honeycombs with different relative density were discussed in detail. Results showed that the spread area of tearing deformations increases with increasing relative density and that difference in the neatness of tearing edges are obvious under different indenter

Abstract Soft robotic grippers have gained much attention in recent years owing to their advantages of easy fabrication, flexibility, and adaptability. Inspired by the adhesion capability of gecko’s toe and tree frogs in nature, this study presents a soft robotic gripper made of fiber-reinforced actuator and bioinspired fibrillar adhesives for grasping circular objects with enhanced grasping capability

Abstract Bionic structures have garnered considerable attention due to their superior energy absorption capacity and light weight. This study proposes a group of bionic thin-walled tubes inspired by the microstructure of bamboo and beetle forewing. Experimental testing is conducted to validate the finite element model of bionic thin-walled tubes. The crushing performance of bionic thin-walled tubes

Abstract Manifesting the piezoelectric and nonlocal effects on the propagation of surface waves in nanoscale smart structures can provide some new insights for the designs and applications of the nanoscale wave devices. Taking the nanoscale size effect into consideration based on the nonlocal theory, the propagation of Bleustein–Gulyaev (BG) wave in a nonlocal piezoelectric (PE) layer overlying a nonlocal

Abstract The present research article deals with the study of surface wave propagation in hygrothermoelastic medium with hydrostatic initial stress. The coupled wave equations in terms of displacement, temperature and moisture concentration are solved analytically. The values of the penetration depth of different waves are obtained and depicted graphically against frequency. To explore some interesting

Abstract This article presents a controlled motion investigation of viscoelastic/fiber-reinforced/magnetostrictive/sandwich plates supported via visco-Pasternak foundations. The core of the plate is modeled as a Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model. The governing dynamic system is derived using Hamilton’s principle according to simple sinusoidal shear deformation plate theory. A simple feedback control

Abstract In this work, the nonlinear flexural free vibration behavior of size-dependent curved nano/micro beams with reinforcement of graphene platelets is studied using the nonlocal elasticity theory along with a trigonometric shear flexible beam theory. The governing equations through the finite element model are derived in terms of displacements using the dynamic version of principle of virtual

Abstract A new kind of elastic metamaterial plate is designed to control the vibration and elastic wave propagation based on the band-gap mechanism. For the proposed elastic metamaterial plate, local resonant rods are periodically distributed between the two cover plates of the metamaterial plate structure. The dynamic stiffness matrix and the frequency response function of the structure under the

Abstract A hierarchical multiscale modeling for analyzing the electromechanical behaviors of carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites is presented, considering the matrix damage as well as interfacial debonding between CNTs and the polymer matrix. Fundamental parameters from molecular dynamics simulations, such as the mechanical properties of polymers and the interfacial characteristics between CNTs

Abstract Polysilazane-based ceramic coatings have ever-increasing applications in critical and high-power engineering. This paper analyzes the effects of the substrate grain size, the curvature of the coating-substrate interface and the pore-free coating layer on the plastic strain localization and fracture of the porous ceramic coating–polycrystalline substrate structures under compressive loading

Abstract This work is aimed at studying the stiffness evolution of clustered composites and nanocomposites by FEM analysis. In fully dispersed composites and nanocomposites, proper modeling requires accounting for nanoparticle aspect ratio, volume fraction, and angle of orientation. In addition to these, the FEM model proposed in this work accounts for number of nanoparticles and volume fraction of

Abstract The effective parameters of the composite materials with Gurtin–Murdoch ((G-M) interfaces are analyzed by standard boundary element method (BEM)-based equivalent inhomogeneity technique (EIT). The physical quantities all over the domain are first compared with the analytical and semi-analytical results to validate accuracy. The effective parameters are then obtained by the present numerical

Abstract Compared to the traditional integer-order viscoelastic model, a fractional-order derivative viscoelastic model is shown to be advantageous. A quadrature-free Legendre polynomial method combining the Weyl definition of fractional order derivative is for the first time employed to solve guided waves in functionally graded fractional viscoelastic plates. The presented method avoids a lot of numerical

Abstract An electromechanical coupling model for the thickness shear vibration of a size dependent quartz crystal plate with mass loading is established from the Hamilton’s principle and the modified couple stress theory. The influence of couple stress or size effect on frequency shift and average mass sensitivity of the sensor is studied by numerical examples. The results show that couple stress or

Abstract A composite with periodically distributed particulate reinforcements is usually preferred in some industrial engineering areas to enhance the damage resistance of materials. The bonding of the matrix and enhancements may be fractured during manufacturing or operating by cracks that are evenly distributed. In this study, a cracked composite is simplified as an infinite plane with repeatedly

Abstract To improve the reliability of the stability and bearing capacity of grid shells, we proposed a novel sequential two-level stochastic optimization based on the regional sensitivity difference (SRSD) for obtaining a structure with a low sensitivity to imperfections. The stable bearing capacities obtained by this method and the conventional method were compared. The minimum ultimate buckling

Abstract Based on a modified Hellinger–Reissner mixed variational principle and considering the displacements as known quantity, a simple and straightforward finite element linear system of equations for all transverse stress variables is constructed. Two main advantages are that the system of equations provides the convenience for the introduction of transverse stress boundary conditions and the interface

Abstract The domain of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced composites is a colossal and convoluted area of research. The modeling of composite materials under deformation plays a vital role in structural design. A new model that comprises CNT and piezoelectric fibers reinforced in a hybrid smart composite has been proposed, and its effective properties are determined. The resulting composite can be regarded

Abstract In this paper, the dynamic characterization of hybrid composite material of carbon-epoxy sandwiched by steel is presented from the rotor-bearing system perspective. The tensile and flexural strengths of the hybrid material are investigated followed by the detailed damping estimation using modal testing in cantilever mode and dynamic mechanical analysis in double cantilever mode. The experimental

Abstract A novel dynamic model for rotating pre-twisted carbon nanotubes reinforced composite (CNTRC) blades with elastic boundary constraints is established based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The effects of Coriolis and centrifugal forces are considered in the formulation. Based on the Euler-Lagrange equations, the natural frequencies and vibration modes of a rotating pre-twisted

Abstract Owing to the dissipative phase transformation and the porosity characteristics, cellular shape memory alloy (SMA) shows high damping capacity and thereby superior performance in vibration control. This paper studies the damping capacity and vibration behavior of the cellular SMA by means of the unit-cell finite element method. A material model of dense SMA is employed to simulate the thermodynamic

Abstract Automation and intelligent health monitoring technologies will be one of the most important development directions for rail transit operation and maintenance considering the continuous expansion of the scale of urban rail transit and the increase of labor costs. The highly accurate, full-field data acquisition based on vision measurement technology, which is combined with photogrammetry and

Abstract A box beam is the main load-bearing component in the shell of a wind turbine blade. A set of loading equipment is utilized to perform a loading test under combined forces, to study the ultimate load and the strain response of the material. Based on the force-displacement response and the strain response of the material, the stressed state of the beam and web are summarized, and the damage

Abstract Molecular dynamics (MD) was used to build a simulation model for skiving single crystal silicon (SCS) with different tool radius. Through the analysis of phase change, instantaneous atomic position, temperature, Wigner–Seitz defects, stress and other variables, and the mechanical state distribution of SCS during processing is studied. The results show that the amorphous phase transition process

Abstract A lattice compressor impeller whose stiffness and strength can be adjusted freely between unfilled impeller and solid impeller is designed. After ensuring the better calculation accuracy of Asymptotic Homogenization (AH) method, the static performance of lattice impeller with different cell filling rate is analyzed by AH method. The results show that the stiffness and strength of the lattice

Abstract This article defines a theoretical method to the progressive failure analysis of a laminated composite curved structure for an elastic shock absorber of a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). Based on the continuous model, the theoretical method is presented for purposes of investigating the material failure and post-failure behavior of the laminated composite curved structure. This method is derived

Abstract This research work deals with the buckling load prediction of reinforced laminated composite panels of aeronautical interest. Being subjected to pure compression, these panels are characterized by stable post-buckling. Thus, the vibration correlation technique (VCT) is utilized herein as an effective nondestructive means to extrapolate critical loads from free vibration measurements. A hierarchical

Abstract The interface in a composite plays an important role in enhancing compatibility of the fibers and the matrix. This paper models the AFP process at meso- and micro-scale using finite element and molecular dynamics methods. Furthermore, the molecular model of the interface is established using molecular dynamics method. Interface adsorbability and resin fluidity along the interface are, respectively

Abstract Present article is concerned with the propagation of plane waves in a nonlocal, microstretch thermoelastic half-space with temperature dependent properties. Five basic waves consisting of three sets of coupled longitudinal waves and two sets of coupled transverse waves travel with distinct speeds in the considered medium. The numerical values of amplitude ratios are shown graphically to explore

Abstract In this article, optimum path planning of elliptic and cubic nanoparticles by one and dual probe atomic force microscopes is investigated. Four different parameters are considered in the cost function, including area under critical time–force diagram, critical indentation depth, path smoothness and area under force–time diagram of primary impact of nanoparticles. Also three different obstacles

Abstract In this paper, an accurate yet computationally efficient beam model based on hierarchical Legendre expansion functions is developed for the analysis of non-uniform or restrained torsion problems of Functionally Graded (FG) beams with solid or thin-walled section. The mechanical properties of the FG beams studied in this paper, such as Young’s modulus and shear modulus, are assumed to continuously

Abstract A numerical study of the interaction of the virus with the cell is presented. The cell was selected for human circulatory endothelium, while the virus was selected close to SARS-CoV-2. The environment in which the virus interacts is close to the blood. A numerical experiment of the interaction was carried out using the DEM. The result is an interaction process showing a change in force, displacement

Abstract Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) (an impact resistant material) has a good energy dissipation capacity and ductility through the developing of impact toughness and tensile strength. Due to lack of adequate data over the dynamic performance of SFRC in previous studies, the design procedures and analyzing of SFRC are under investigation. The current study has focused on the empirical test

Abstract Welded hollow spherical joints (WHSJs) are commonly used in reticulated shell structures. Corrosion on the surface of WHSJs can remarkably reduce their compression capacity. Pitting corrosion is a typical corrosion type on steel structures. Artificial neural network (ANN) is utilized to predict the compression capacity of WHSJs with random corrosion. Corrosion occurring at different positions

Abstract A novel structure that integrates an inlaid silicone tube in the connective layer of spacer fabric is developed to increase its compression resistance and impact force absorption. Two inlaying methods are proposed to evaluate the effect of the spacer yarns, presence of the inlay, and inlay density and pattern. The results show that a silicone inlay effectively increases the compression resistance

Abstract A new prefolded tube is proposed by introducing web into a thin-walled tube based on “Miura origami”. The quasi-static compression analysis of this tube shows that the web has an important influence on deformation mode and energy absorption. Compared with a circular tube, the new thin-walled tube not only maintains the superior performance of low initial peak force and induced deformation

Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown excellent thermal conduction capabilities and are ideal for thermal management in miniature nano-electronic devices and composite systems. As we go down the length scale, the intensive properties such as thermal conductivity are no longer a material property and the influence of size (length and diameter), defect, and strain state on the thermal conductivity

Abstract This paper addresses the effects of uncertainties on the optimal design of trusses and laminated composite plates. Uncertainties are considered in the design variables and material properties. Structural optimization is performed using the failure theory as a constraint, coupled with particle swarm optimization (PSO). Three different optimization approaches are utilized: (i) Deterministic

Abstract Static and dynamic behaviors of the human spine in response to internal and external loads may be useful in future building design. The new structure was made by simplification in structure parts more than the previous validated material simplifications of Finite Element (FE) of one motion segment of the human lumbar spine (L3/L4). The study showed the anatomical and mechanical properties

Abstract In this study, electromagnetic riveting (EMR) was proposed to connect CFRP/Al structures due to its little damage on composite. The joining process and failure behaviors of CFRP/Al joints were studied. Specifically, the finite element model was established to analyze the joining process. The riveted joints were tested under various loading velocities to obtain the failure behaviors. The simulation

Abstract The transverse bending behaviors of in-plane bidirectional functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) plates are semi-analytically investigated by the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) in association with the precise integration method (PIM). The proposed scheme is able to explore the structural characteristics of FGPM plates with the material coefficients obeying arbitrary

Abstract This paper demonstrates an experimental and numerical study on the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns with longitudinal steel embedded tubes positioned at the center of the column cross-section. A total of 12 pin-ended square sectional columns of 150 × 150 mm having a total height of 1400 mm were investigated. The considered variables were the steel tube diameters of 29, 58, and

Abstract Mode I fracture behavior of edge- and centrally-cracked nanobeams is analyzed by employing both stress-driven non-local theory of elasticity and Bernoulli–Euler beam theory. The present formulation implements the size-dependency experimentally observed at material micro- and nano-scale, by assuming a non-local constitutive law, that relates the strain to the stress in each material point of

Abstract In this paper the authors develop the governing equations for a finite element model of micro-cracking based on a novel approach, eschewing differential equations and continuum mechanics. Instead of first stating the continuum balance laws and constitutive relations followed by discretization, the body is discretized first and then the equations of equilibrium are directly stated for the discretized

Abstract In this article, the semianalytical method based on the Galerkin technique and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is utilized to investigate the static and dynamic postbuckling analysis of internal/external spiral stiffened functionally graded (ISSFG/ESSFG) cylindrical shells, respectively. The simply supported SSFG shell subjected to an axial compression is resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation

Abstract The plate problem has been investigated for centuries while exact solutions for anisotropic plates are still hard to obtain. In this paper, we aim to get exact solutions for rectangular anisotropic plates with four clamped edges through the state space method. A state space equation for the anisotropic elasticity is derived from the linear elasticity theory for the first time. The Fourier

Abstract Regions of existence for Stoneley waves are analyzed for the case when isotropic contacting media have different values of Poisson's ratios. The analysis is based on solving the secular equation in Scholte’s form for Stoneley wave velocity. It reveals substantial similarity in shapes of regions of existence at all studied values of Poisson's ratio pairs. A recently observed gap in regions

Abstract This work presents an approach to evaluate axially compressed metallic foams with the presence of holes on the structure further than foam voids. Adding holes, the total material weight is decreased but the stiffness is not linearly reduced. The stress–strain characterization is investigated and presented considering the number, size, and thickness of rectangular holes. The characterization

Abstract This paper presents advanced-kinematics beam models to compute the dispersion characteristics of one-dimensional guides. High-order functions are used to interpolate the primary variables above the waveguide cross-section and along its axis. Taylor- and Lagrange-type bi-dimensional expansions are employed to describe the section deformation, while Lagrangian shape functions approximate the

Abstract Selective Laser Melting process represents an interesting opportunity in the biomedical field to fabricate customized implants. However, the surface roughness of components obtained through additive manufacturing is a major limitation and affects the surface wettability. In the present work, chemical etching is adopted to deal with such an issue. To do so, the effects of chemical etching parameters

Abstract The scattering of shear waves at an irregular interface between two different incompressible transversely isotropic fiber-reinforced half-spaces has been investigated. There can exist reflected and transmitted quasi shear waves in certain limit of propagation angle, which is associated with slowness. The expressions corresponding to the reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained

Abstract Herein, we demonstrate carbon nanotube (CNT)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and CNT/Ecoflex composites, which have electric and thermo conductivity with elastic property. The result of the CNT elastomer composites properties are showed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, current voltage curve, and strain after cycle. Next, we demonstrate the thermo-transferring

Abstract Shape memory effect is the key factor in the design of self-reconfigurable core using origami. Effects of heat treatment on transformation temperatures and stress-strain curve of shape memory alloys using differential scanning calorimetry and tensile testing is presented. Moreover, vibration of pre/post-buckled sandwich beam with self-deployable shape memory alloy (SMA) core and SMA wires

Abstract Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures can produce tailored complex structures for various applications and serve as substitutes for polymeric foams. In this study, six different types of TPMS structures (Neovious, gyroid, Schwarz P, Lidinoid, split P, and diamond) were examined under quasi-static compression in terms of their energy absorption capabilities, mechanical properties

Abstract In this work, the extended isogeometric analysis (XIGA) is presented for the analysis of cracks in elastic material subjected to thermal, mechanical, and thermo-mechanical loading. The comparative study on the effect of mechanical and combined thermo-mechanical load on stress intensity factors (SIFs) is performed. Two types of cracks, i.e., isothermal and adiabatic crack, is considered for

Abstract Pneumatic muscle fibers (PMFs) are a type of pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) with millimeter-scale diameter, which show great power to be a soft actuator under injecting the compressed fluid into its bladder. In this paper, the pressurized PMF was considered and investigated as a spring system due to the active contraction capability. The stiffness and variable stiffness characteristics

Abstract In this paper, a surrogate Machine-Learning (ML) model based on Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) was developed to predict the axial load of square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns under compression. For this purpose, an experimental database was extracted from the available literature and used for the development and training of the GPR model. The GPR model’s performance is superior

Abstract Guided wave propagation and its dispersion phenomenon of infinite solid elastic rods are encountered in several applications including, mechanical and civil engineering fields. In this paper, the elastic stress wave propagation in the axisymmetric circular cross-section of a high strength steel wire with cylindrical waveguide is investigated using a semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) method