Present study is focussed on the effect of seam on the moisture transmission in liquid form. Behaviour of actual sweat is found to be different from pure water used while evaluating the performance of multilayer clothing systems in seamed and unseamed condition in terms of their in-plane (wetting time) & cross-plane moisture transmission and overall moisture management capacity. Uni-directional seam

Currently, the textile sector is moving towards the development of value-added functional textile products based on customer demand. Therefore, several new finishing techniques have been evolved so far to functionalize the textile substrates. In this context, the microencapsulation technique is one of the advanced technologies which has been used to impart functional properties such as antibacterial

A study has been conducted to develop a wrinke resistant cotton fabric using three carboxylic acids combination along with initiator and catalyst, at various pH and concentration, and to determine the effects of treatment on wrinkle recovery angle, wrinkle recovery appearance rating, and carboxyl group content of the treated fabrics. The amount of carboxylic acids on the fabric is determined by % weight

Synthesis of microcrystalline cellulose from jute sticks has been studied and reported in this work. The successful removal of lignin and hemicellulose has been confirmed through Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopic technique, whereas WAXD technique has been used to measure the crystal size and crystallinity index. Scanning electron microscopic images depict the porous structure and agglomerate

Effect of fibre extraction from Palmyra sprouts by manual method and water retting process has been studied. Mechanical and chemical properties of the fibres have been studied. Cellulose, lignin, ash and wax contents present in both manual and water retted palmyra sprout fibre are found to be 61.72% & 55.63%, 23.25 % & 30.66%, 5.15 % & 3.61 % and 0.66% & 0.84% respectively. The low composition of ash

The effect of helium plasma treatment has been investigated on crease recovery finish of linen fabric using carboxylic acid as crosslinker. After the plasma treatment, 5% increase in wet pickup is observed compared to the control fabric. This plasma treated sample is crosslinked with butyl tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA). The significant increase in crease recovery angle is found as compared to the untreated

An attempt has been made to investigate the migration characteristics in polyester and cotton Eli-Twist yarn. Three different counts (39.4, 29.5 and 23.6 tex) from each composition have been produced maintaining 40 twist factor for each. For comparative study, the 29.5 tex yarn of two compositions from cotton and polyester are produced on Eli-Twist and Siro spinning systems. The mean fibre position

This study focuses on development of three-roving yarn production system that is inspired from siro-spun technology. Roving funnel and delivery cylinder used in siro-spun technology are redesigned for three-roving yarn production and attached on conventional system. Three-roving yarns produced in ring spinning machine are compared with three plied yarns in terms of physical, mechanical and structural

A new kind of silk fibroin based oil sorbent has been developed by coating chitosan onto silk fibroin. The effect of chitosan coating on oil sorption and oil retention behavior of silk fibroin is studied. The maximum oil sorption capactiy of chitosan coated silk fibroin is 26.80 g/g and 19.46 g/g for engine oil and diesel oil respectively. SEM is used to analyze the surface morphology and FTIR confirms

Bio-reinforced composites have been prepared using polyester resin matrix and cross-laid needle-punched nonwoven fabrics of different lignocellulosic natural fibres (Jute, flax, sunhemp, kenaf, ramie, sisal, coir and pineapple) as well as jute-polypropylene and jute-acrylic blend reinforcement. The composite properties, such as tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength, have been evaluated

Mechanical properties (tensile and three-point flexural), physical properties (density and porosity rate), and thermal properties of flax, jute, and flax/jute fibres reinforced epoxy composites have been investigated. Laminate composites are fabricated by vacuum molding with a total fibre weight fraction maintained at 40%. Results show that the hybridization with jute fibres can significantly improve

Development of durable antibacterial knitted polyester fabrics by incorporation of small proportion of polyester-silver nanocomposite fibres has been attempted in this research. Polyester-silver nanocomposite fibres are blended with normal polyester fibres at three weight fractions (10, 20 and 30%). Three parameters, namely blend proportion (wt.%) of nanocomposite fibres, yarn count and knitting machine

The present work is aimed at studying the effect of fabric compressibility, feed rate and thread tension on the shape of lockstitch and the amount of thread consumed per stitch. Images of different possible stitch shapes have been captured by varying these parameters, and it is found that stitch shape may be rectangular, elliptical, elongated elliptical or circular, depending on the interaction between

In this study, raw silk and cotton fabrics have been dyed using the aqueous extract from Mammea suriga bark in the presence of chemical mordants. The variations in the colour are seen in the silk and cotton fabrics by using different mordants. The preliminary phytochemical tests reveal the presence of tannins in the bark extract of the plant, which is responsible for imparting brown colour shades to

Effect of the modified yarn path in ring spinning on the thermal comfort behavior of the cotton woven fabric has been investigated. The modified ring yarn is produced by changing the path of the yarn in the ring spinning process. The finding shows that it has a clear impact on the fabric geometrical properties and thermal comfort properties when path of the yarn is changed in ring spinning as left

The present study embodies the sewability of single jersey knitted fabric based on needle penetration force and needle cut index. Four types of single jersey fabric, viz. 100% cotton, polyester/cotton, polyester/lycra, and cotton/lycra, are taken for investigation. The materials are prepared on circular knitting machine by varying the yarn count and loop length. The influence of various parameters

Flexing characteristics of three varieties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) coated high strength fabrics (nylon 6,6, polyester and kevlar) have been evaluated by subjecting them to 5000 cycles in a De-Mattia flex tester. The flexing damage is assessed in terms of % loss of strength by evaluating the residual tensile strength of flexed fabrics. Statistical analysis has been carried out at 95% significance

Study embodies assessment of outlet emission in the baghouse exhaust while hole appears on filter due to pyrophoric particles during hot gas filtration or damages due to cages. As it is difficult to study full-scale baghouse, flat PTFE coated polyester filter fabric has been tested in the present study. Experimental research has been carried out to observe and understand the emission behavior of leaks

Various metallic core-sheath yarns have been prepared and conductive fabrics are woven using sample loom for electromagnetic shielding applications. The core-sheath yarn is prepared using stainless steel and polyester slivers with different proportions of SS fibre content. The conductive fabrics are produced with different warp and weft patterns. The shielding effectiveness (SE) of fabric has been

Organic onium salt has been used as a photosensitive pigment for rare-earth luminescent fibre. A certain dose of organic onium salt has been added to rare-earth strontium aluminate luminescent fibre (RESALF) during its melt spinning. It’s photochromatic property is studied by comparing RESALFs with and without the organic onium salt. RESALF photochromatic identification method is devised according

The present work describes the application of silk fabric for leather garments and goods to support the leather products industry in identifying alternate raw material. The results show that the quilted silk fabric has the potential to be combined with cow nappa leather to make products with improved strength and enhanced aesthetic appeal. The major findings of this study also prove that on treatment

The effect of fabric tensile property and garment size on the clothing pressure variation has been studied, considering the pressure alteration during the body movement with various ranges. The results reveal that for a constant body dimension, smaller clothing size applies higher pressure. In addition, fabric’s tensile modulus is a determinant parameter of the clothing pressure. Increment in the body

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) treatment on nettle fibres has been performed to improve the oil absorbency. Box-Behnken experimental design is used to study the influence of parameters, such as treatment time, treatment temperature and concentration on oil absorbency. It is observed that the maximum oil absorbency of 15.39 g/g of nettle fibres is achieved at 2 % of HCl concentration, 75°C of treatment temperature

The present study explores the use of sea water as dyeing medium for cotton textiles with reactive dyes. Sea water has been pre-treated with calcium oxide/sodium carbonate to remove calcium and magnesium ions. The findings show that the addition of 20 g/L of sodium chloride is required to increase the exhaustion of dye in pre-treated sea water instead of 60 g/L of sodium chloride as required in conventional

In this research, synthetic leather samples have been produced using polyvinyl chloride film and three types of reinforcing polyester fibre fabrics, namely woven, knitted, and nonwoven, with similar areal weights. The samples are then subjected to tensile, trapezoid tear and bursting tests. The effect of structural parameters of the reinforcing fabrics on the mentioned properties has been analyzed

The effect of cyclic compressive load on compression characteristics of wool and acrylic hand-tufted carpets has been studied. Wool carpets exhibit higher compression and recovery than the acrylic carpets with similar construction. Compression and matting decrease with an increase in pile density. Percentage recovery of the carpets is found to increase with increase in the number of compression cycle

Colored wool fabric with special functions, including self-cleaning, anti-bacterial, and ultraviolet (UV) blocking, has been prepared by applying nano ZnO as a photocatalyst and henna as both a natural dye for coloration and an agent capable of modifying the ZnO nanoparticles. Natural dye henna has been used as photo sensitizer to fabricate zinc oxide nanoparticles. Coloration of wool fabrics and surface

Effects of stroke frequency, depth of needle penetration and mass per unit area on properties of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics produced from polypropylene (PP), 50/50 PP/kenaf and kenaf fibres have been studied. Properties of fabrics, such as tensile strength, puncture resistance, pore size, water permeability and transmissivity are analysed. Results obtained show that the higher tensile strength

An antibacterial wound dressing with wound healing effects of honey (H), Tragacanth Gum (TG) and Sumac (S) (Rhus coriaria L.) has been prepared. The antibacterial properties of five different concentrations of water extracted Sumac has been examined to find out the best sample. Ratios of honey and Tragacanth Gum are investigated along with the chosen concentration of Sumac in order to find out the

Horsehair-based composites have been prepared by reinforcing polylactic acid (PLA) using hot compression molding. The weight fraction of horsehair fibre in composites has been varied from 0% to 30 wt.% to investigate the effect of fibre loading on the mechanical properties and moisture absorption performance of the developed composites. The mechanical properties, such as strength and modulus (tensile

In this study, cotton/bamboo woven fabric reinforced composite has been subjected to drilling operation and thrust force is analysed for different combination of feed rate, cutting speed and drill geomentry. Box-Behnken experimental design is used to optimize the cutting parameters along with the input parameters, such as drill- bit geomentry, spindle speed and rate of feed. Further, a drill with standard

The effect of fabric weight, depth of needle penetration and needling density on bursting strength of needle-punched nonwoven filter fabrics prepared from virgin and recycled polyester fibres has been studied. The effect of fabric parameters on bursting behavior trend is found similar in both the virgin and the recycled polyester filter fabric samples. There is considerable fall in bursting strength

The hot air electrical stifling study has been conducted to evaluate the influence of electrical stifling temperature, stifling hours and duration of cocoon preservation on reeling performance and quality of muga silk . Muga cocoons are reeled on motorised muga silk reeling machine. Electrical hot air stifling has shown superior reeling performance in comparison to smoke stifled and sun dried cocoons

A novel chemical degumming (Fibre-N) method has been used to extract fibres from the bark of mulberry plant. Fibres obtained by a new method (Fibre-N) are characterized by the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy, residual gum content, fibre yield, and mechanical property measurement. Fibre-N method exhibits 17.71% lower residual gum content, 37.18%

A proteolytic enzyme, papain, has been used for bio-polishing of mulberry silk. Improvement in lustre, with no significant change in absorbency, flexural rigidity and crease recovery, due to the cleaning of the fibre surface by the enzyme is reported. A chemometric experimental design is used with two variables and five levels.

Presented study is aimed at designing a model for bending length based on the concentrated loading method using 10 parameters extracted from the modified tensile test. After that, a new database has been reproduced by using principal component analysis and the modeling is conducted by regression and artificial neural network (ANN) based on the trial and error method. The obtained R-squared of 0.97

Gelatin/tannic acid nanofibres have been prepared and the effects of production parameters, including high voltage, feeding rate and distance between tip of the needle and collector on the morphology of nanofibres are investigated. The results show that the average nanofibre diameter increases with raising the high voltage values, due to less branching of liquid jet. Increasing the feeding rate leads

The drape, bending and shear properties of a group of woven fabrics have been studied along with the effects of fabric structural parameters on these properties. In addition, the influential effect and relative contribution of bending and shear behavior in the determination of drape is also evaluated. The results show that the crossing over firmness factor, which is related to the weave structure and

The effect of static and dynamic loading on the compression characteristics of hand tufted carpets has been studied using two types of pile materials. Wool tufted carpets are found to show better retention of thickness. Higher tuft density is found to assist retention of thickness, while higher pile height results in more thickness loss. Thickness loss is also found to be more at the initial impacts

In this study, pure polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/polyester nanocomposites (wt % 10, 20 and 30) of thickness 10 mm have been synthesized by co-precipitation method to investigate their electrical properties. Pure PANI and its composites are then characterized using SEM, FTIR, DSC, I-V Hall and dielectric techniques. From SEM, it is observed that the particles are spherical and lying in range of micron

A novel instrument has been developed to determine the fluid handling capacity of different types of wound dressings, irrespective of their structure and composition. The instrument is developed with custom built wound bed/plate with specially designed path to control the amount and flow rate of wound exudates, simulating the actual wound alike conditions. The instrument has provision to apply compression

Physical vapor deposition - plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PVD-PECVD) system has been used exclusively for deposition and doping of carbonaceous films [silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs)] on cotton fabrics and the findings are compared, in terms of technical efficiency and microbial inhibition, with those of the magnetron sputtering (MS) technique. It is found that the proposed technique presents

A novel method for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using a polyphenolic pigment (melanin) has been proposed to impart antimicrobial properties to wool fabric. A diphenolic catechol has been combined with potato juice to produce melanin, which is used as a simultaneous reducing and dispersing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The process variables used for the synthesis of melanin

Nano composite of graphene/zirconium dioxide has been produced and then coated on the surface of cotton fabric. Scanning electron microscope and transmittance electron microscope of sample prove the existence of nano zirconium dioxide distribution on the surface of cotton fabric. Results show that the electrical conductivity of treated sample has increased in comparison with sample without graphene/zirconium

An instrument has been designed and developed to measure the smoothness behavior of finished cotton fabrics. The instrument is based on pendulum principle. The weight (hang on string) comprises a frictionless wheel movable along arc shaped platform. The platform acts as a sample holder. When the weight is subjected to push, it swings back and forth in the platform. The amplitude of the swing reduces

A multi-criteria group decision making method has been applied for grading of silk cocoons which employs the proficiency of three experts as decision makers to alleviate the fuzziness underlying in silk cocoon parameters. Fuzzy-TOPSIS approach of multi-criteria group decision making method has been used in this study. Four quality parameters of silk cocoon, viz. good cocoon percentage, cocoon weight

Tasar and muga silk yarns have been dried at 80ºC, 100ºC and 140ºC and the effect of temperature on tensile and structural properties is investigated. No significant effect of drying on tenacity of tasar and muga silk yarn is observed. However, elongation decreases with drying due to increase in moisture loss with temperature. Crystallinity has no effect even when dried up to 140˚C. Scanning electron

The present research work is aimed at designing the woven velour printed terry fabrics with improved overall performance. The influence of pile height, pick density and pile count (one ply and two ply both) on the water absorbency of fabric has been studied. Thirty samples have been prepared by changing variables as per Box – Behnken design of experiments. These variables are optimised for achieving

Biocomposites are being explored by research communityfor the past few decades due to rising environmental concerns. Moisture uptake, poor interface and moderate to lower mechanical properties have proved to be a bottleneck for biocomposites to partially or fully replace synthetic composites. The concept of hybridising, i.e. incorporating two or more reinforcements instead of single reinforcement in

The effect of static and dynamic loading on the compression characteristics of hand tufted carpets has been studied using two types of pile materials. Wool tufted carpets are found to show better retention of thickness. Higher tuft density is found to assist retention of thickness, while higher pile height results in more thickness loss. Thickness loss is also found to be more at the initial impacts

The drape, bending and shear properties of a group of woven fabrics have been studied along with the effects of fabric structural parameters on these properties. In addition, the influential effect and relative contribution of bending and shear behavior in the determination of drape is also evaluated. The results show that the crossing over firmness factor, which is related to the weave structure and

Gelatin/tannic acid nanofibres have been prepared and the effects of production parameters, including high voltage, feeding rate and distance between tip of the needle and collector on the morphology of nanofibres are investigated. The results show that the average nanofibre diameter increases with raising the high voltage values, due to less branching of liquid jet. Increasing the feeding rate leads

The present research work is aimed at designing the woven velour printed terry fabrics with improved overall performance. The influence of pile height, pick density and pile count (one ply and two ply both) on the water absorbency of fabric has been studied. Thirty samples have been prepared by changing variables as per Box – Behnken design of experiments. These variables are optimised for achieving

A novel instrument has been developed to determine the fluid handling capacity of different types of wound dressings, irrespective of their structure and composition. The instrument is developed with custom built wound bed/plate with specially designed path to control the amount and flow rate of wound exudates, simulating the actual wound alike conditions. The instrument has provision to apply compression

A multi-criteria group decision making method has been applied for grading of silk cocoons which employs the proficiency of three experts as decision makers to alleviate the fuzziness underlying in silk cocoon parameters. Fuzzy-TOPSIS approach of multi-criteria group decision making method has been used in this study. Four quality parameters of silk cocoon, viz. good cocoon percentage, cocoon weight

A novel method for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using a polyphenolic pigment (melanin) has been proposed to impart antimicrobial properties to wool fabric. A diphenolic catechol has been combined with potato juice to produce melanin, which is used as a simultaneous reducing and dispersing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The process variables used for the synthesis of melanin

An instrument has been designed and developed to measure the smoothness behavior of finished cotton fabrics. The instrument is based on pendulum principle. The weight (hang on string) comprises a frictionless wheel movable along arc shaped platform. The platform acts as a sample holder. When the weight is subjected to push, it swings back and forth in the platform. The amplitude of the swing reduces

Physical Vapor Deposition - Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PVD-PECVD) systems are used exclusively for deposition and doping of carbonaceous films. However, this technique presents promising characteristics for the deposition of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on textiles, which meet the industrial demand for a more versatile and efficient methodology than the Magnetron Sputtering (MS) technique

Nano composite of graphene/zirconium dioxide has been produced and then coated on the surface of cotton fabric. Scanning electron microscope and transmittance electron microscope of sample prove the existence of nano zirconium dioxide distribution on the surface of cotton fabric. Results show that the electrical conductivity of treated sample has increased in comparison with sample without graphene/zirconium

Tasar and muga silk yarns have been dried at 80ºC, 100ºC and 140ºC and the effect of temperature on tensile and structural properties is investigated. No significant effect of drying on tenacity of tasar and muga silk yarn is observed. However, elongation decreases with drying due to increase in moisture loss with temperature. Crystallinity has no effect even when dried up to 140˚C. Scanning electron