Smart containers can be produced with polyelectrolyte multilayers that can release inhibitors in response to environmental changes at the coating defects. In this study, mesoporous TiO2 hollow spheres were adopted as carriers for the encapsulation of corrosion inhibitor. The inhibitor-loaded TiO2 containers were modified by polyelectrolyte shells using layer-by-layer self-assembly technology. The release

To study the corrosion behavior of galvanized steel wires under stress, the influence of stress level, pH value, Cl- concentration and the coupling effect on the corrosion rate of cable steel wire were discussed through stress corrosion test. The prediction formula of corrosion rate of steel wire was established based on response surface method. The constitutive model of steel wire was also put forward

It is of great significance to establish a reliable correlation between the field exposure damage and lab simulation measurements for marine atmospheric corrosion of Mg alloys. In this study, the corrosion behaviour of pure Mg, AM60, ZE41 and AZ91D was investigated in the real marine atmosphere and the simulated environments, such as salt spray and simulated sea wave impact by means of weight-loss

Graphene and its derivatives, such as reduced graphene oxide (RGO) possess excellent mechanical properties and outstanding thermal and electrical conductivity. These nanoparticles offer a wide range of possibilities for applications in the oil and gas industry. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RGO/graphite additions on the properties of anti-corrosion paints. The nanocoating of epoxy containing

A model of the electrochemistry in a stress corrosion crack in martensitic stainless steel in low-chloride containing solution has been applied to predict the impact of the hydroxide ion–chloride ion ratio in the bulk solution on the local electrode potential and solution chemistry. Computations were undertaken for bulk chloride ion concentrations between 0.1 and 1000 ppm (by mass) and bulk pH values

In the present study, a novel task-specific benzimidazolium ionic liquid with silyl substitution was synthesised and successfully introduced as a corrosion inhibitor. The inhibitory effect of 2-benzyl-1-butyl-3-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazolium chloride (BTOSPB) in HCl solution on steel corrosion was evaluated by electrochemical measurement and surface studies including scanning electron

The corrosion performances of the EH 36 carbon steel in stagnant and flowing natural sea water and synthetic sea waters were investigated. Results show that the general corrosion rates of the steels are close in stagnant natural sea water and synthetic sea waters. The corrosion rate, corrosion feature and the rust components of the steels in flowing 3.5% NaCl solution were significantly different from

In this work, hot-dip galvanised steel wires were exposed in Belgium and Indonesia for 4.5 years and correlation of corrosion products formed on the exposed wires with their corrosion properties was studied. Corrosion products were identified with local Raman analysis and correlated with corrosion activity based on odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel behaviour. Raman spectroscopy

Parameters characterising the properties of soils used as backfill in immediate contact with cast iron pipes exhumed from a variety of soils after up to 129 years exposure are used together with average annual precipitation to estimate the average time of wetness. This is shown to correlate closely with pipe wall corrosion penetration. The possibility of microbiologically influenced corrosion is dismissed

By analysing the results of corrosion potential, EIS, SEM and XRD test of zinc-rich coatings (ZRCs) in 3.5wt-% NaCl solution, it was found that conductive pigment (di-iron phosphide, Fe2P) can accelerate the activation and corrosion rate of zinc powders in ZRCs, but too fast corrosion rate can reduce the cathodic protection and shielding of ZRCs. Silane improves the mechanical properties and shielding

The flagship congress of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC), EUROCORR 2019, was held under the theme of ‘New Times, New Materials, New Corrosion Challenges’ at the Barcelo Sevilla Renacimiento, Seville, Spain, from 9 to 13 September. This major corrosion event will be reviewed in four parts over four issues, with the technical sessions on Cathodic Protection (including CP in the Marine Environment

(2020). CES & T special edition to commemorate the contribution of professor Brain Cherry to corrosion engineering. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: Vol. 55, A Celebration of the Career of Professor Brian Cherry, pp. 281-282.

The most known model is that published by Tuutti with two phases in time: corrosion initiation and propagation. In this model the corrosion initiation phase has been frequently considered, but the corrosion propagation phase has been seldom addressed. In the present work the propagation phase is generalised to not being only with a constant corrosion rate, but also with the alternatives of presenting

(2020). Correction. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: Vol. 55, A Celebration of the Career of Professor Brian Cherry, pp. 341-341.

Research into non-toxic rare earth metal organic compounds providing an alternative to chromates as corrosion inhibitors was pioneered by research at Monash University almost 20 years ago. Further work at Monash and Deakin universities developed lanthanum 4 hydroxy cinnamate, which proved to be as effective as chromate for steel in chloride solution. Recently, attention has turned to substituting the

Galvanic corrosion of samples consisting of coated aluminium alloy 7075-T6 panels connected to stainless steel 316 fasteners was examined. Two coating systems were evaluated, one containing chromate pretreatment and primer along with a topcoat, and the other a chromate free system. No intentional defects such as scribes were imparted to investigate the attack associated with intrinsic defects in the

The effect of thiosulphate/H2S on crevice corrosion behaviour of P110 carbon steel in the CO2-saturated 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was investigated. The results showed that crevice corrosion of P110 steel could not occur in the CO2-saturated solution, likely due to the inhibition of both anodic and cathodic reactions inside crevice. Further, the structure of corrosion product film along the crevice wall

Corrosion was correlated with fluid-structure based on a comparative investigation of the corroded surface morphology of mild steel and the microscopic feature of oil–water mixture. It was found that the corrosion rate increased with increasing water cut and flow rate, while the corrosion morphology closely relied on the mixing state of oil and water. In high-pressure CO2 saturated water-in-oil emulsions

The intergranular corrosion (IGC) susceptibility of the Ti–Nb-stabilised ultra-pure 430LX FSSs with 0–0.47 wt-% tin addition was investigated using double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) and oxalic acid etch tests. The result of DL-EPR test reveals that IGC resistance increases with the increase in tin content. The specimens with different contents of tin exhibit the same

In this study, the corrosion resistance of commonly used plumbing materials was evaluated when three disinfection treatments were applied in hot water distribution systems. In particular copper, brass, stainless steel and galvanised steel were tested in environments containing monochloramine, chlorine dioxide and hydrogen peroxide disinfectants under real field conditions for a long period of time

The corrosion behaviour of electrochemically induced surface annealed (EISA) 304L stainless steel was analysed using a range of electrochemical methods, such as polarisation, impedance and Mott–Schottky techniques. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy was used to examine the elemental distribution around the surface of an EISA-treated specimen. The results showed that the EISA treatment increases the resistance

The effect of silty sand on the pre-passivation behaviour of 1Cr steel in a CO2 aqueous environment was investigated by electrochemical measurements and immersion tests. The results indicated that the cathodic reaction was accelerated by silty sand at the initial corrosion stage, but it was inhibited during the late corrosion stage. The corrosion film presenting as one single layer structure under

In this study, the oxidation behaviour of alloy 617, alloy 740, alloy HR6W and Sanicro 25 was investigated in SCW and vapour environment at 650°C for 320 h. The weight gain and the thickness of the oxide films of samples after exposure in SCW are higher than that in vapour. Inner oxidation phenomena were observed on alloy HR6W and Sanicro 25, which have higher content of Fe. The structure of the oxide

Air-assisted steam injection is used as a secondary or tertiary oil recovery technology. During closing, downhole tubular goods are subject to corrosion in a mixed oxygen–steam–hot solution environment. This study investigates the influence of air injection pressure, temperature and Cl− ion concentration in the injection water on the corrosion of P110 steel. Results show that high air injection pressure

The corrosion inhibition performances of thiourea (TU), l-cysteine (CYS), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB), N-benzyl pyridinium chloride (BPC) and imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt (IAS) in CO2-saturated and CO2/H2S coexistent brine solutions were investigated by electrochemical measurement, weight-loss test, molecular dynamics simulation and SEM observation

Hot-dipped galvanised (HDG) steel and Zn5Al-coated steel were exposed for 6 years at different atmospheric weathering sites worldwide. The mass loss of the coatings has been measured after 1, 2, 4 and 6 years of exposure. In addition, corrosion products have been determined using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. It is shown that Zn5Al is better than HDG-steel independently

Inhibition effect of oleic acid hydrazide (OAH), a green corrosion inhibitor on API X70 steel in an Indian oilfield produced water was investigated for the first time under flow condition. The test was carried out at a more critical location (90-degree pipe elbow) in a circulating loop system with the fixed flow velocity. This location is deliberately chosen because, at this location, catastrophic

The optimisation process of the orthogonal experiment was designed by Taguchi experiment. Nanopores structure was prepared on the surface of stainless steel by anodic oxidation in the nitric acid solution containing sodium chloride and thiourea, and the nanopores were expanded in the solution containing sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. The range and variance analysis results demonstrated

The flagship congress of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC), EUROCORR 2019, was held under the theme of ‘New Times, New Materials, New Corrosion Challenges’ at the Barcelo Sevilla Renacimiento, Seville, Spain, from 9–13 September. This major corrosion event will be reviewed in four parts over four issues, with the technical sessions on Automotive Corrosion, Corrosion and Corrosion Protection

Professor Brian Cherry was always been a firm believer in understanding first the fundamentals of any aspects of corrosion science, then the mechanisms, before embarking on the engineering of solutions to the management of materials corrosion. So it was with steel-reinforced concrete. This paper endeavours to walk a reader through the fundamental and mechanistic aspects of the excellent protection

Soft film corrosion-preventive compounds (CPC) were studied using ASTM B117 accelerated corrosion testing method and a special test specimen. The tested CPCs included a commercial product and homemade CPCs with a generic formulation containing paraffin wax, petrolatum, corrosion inhibitors and surfactants. Carbon steel substrates coated with CPCs containing corrosion inhibitors and surfactants showed

Cathodic protection prolongs the service life of fluid transport and offshore engineering components by suppressing corrosion. This study assesses the effect of two cathodic protection methods, such as impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) and sacrificial anode cathodic protection (SACP), on three ferrous-based materials under laboratory-controlled corrosive wear conditions. The SACP was as

Recent work has indicated that a galvanic as well as chemical protection mechanism may control the intergranular stress corrosioncracking (IG-SCC) mitigation achieved by Zn-rich primers on Al-Mg alloys [1]. The effect of Zn salt species content added to the bulk NaCl environment on IG-SCC severity at -0.9 VSCE was evaluated using a highly susceptible condition of AA5456-H116. Linear elastic fracture

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of rhamnolipids (RLs) extracted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a possible eco-friendly inhibitor for the corrosion protection of rebars in concrete. Two application methods were tested: application of RLs as a coating on the steel (conditioning method) and addition of the RLs directly to the aggressive environment (addition method). Both methods were

This paper presents a state-of-the-art view and some fundamental considerations on developing and utilising corrosion probes (or sensors) as sensing components in infrastructural health monitoring (IHM) systems. Practical cases are presented to illustrate major challenges and recent progresses in corrosion probe research, with particular focus on cases of addressing some critical challenges by designing

In this work, nickel is added in substitution to cobalt in the composition of a cast cobalt-based chromium-rich superalloy designed to obtain a double-phased {fcc matrix + TaC} microstructure. Two nickel amounts were tested, 13 and 26 wt-%Ni, for 25 wt-%Cr, 0.4 wt-%C and 6 wt-%Ta, the rest being cobalt. The obtained as-cast microstructures are not different from the starting alloy's one, contrarily

Carbon steel is currently being considered as a candidate canister material for use in a deep geological repository of radioactive waste. Assessment of canister material corrosion through microbial activity is an important part of the safety assessment for the final repository. The aim of study was to compare and characterise the corrosion behaviour of carbon steel under sterile and non-sterile anaerobic

In this work, the plant alkaloid Voacangine, isolated from the bark of Tabernaemontana contorta, was examined as a corrosion inhibitor for steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid. The study was carried out using a comparative approach where several independent methods (spectroscopic solution analysis, electrochemical impedance, potentiodynamic polarisation and mass loss measurements) were performed in order

Glassy polymer coatings on metal substrates rely on their mechanical, physical, and transport properties for corrosion protection. These properties are influenced by free volume between polymer chains that plays a critical role in coating performance. Free volume permits local segmental mobility that affects mechanical properties, such as yield and adhesion, and also permits diffusion of small molecules

We have studied here the wet/dry cyclic corrosion behaviour of V-N-0.8Cr weathering steel and compared with a reference steel (Q345B) in 0.01 mol/L NaHSO3 simulated industrial atmosphere. The study indicated that the coherent protective oxide layer formed in the surface of V-N-0.8Cr microalloyed weathering steel, contained corrosion resistant alloying elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, P, Mo). The addition of Cr

Existing models for predicting the time to the commencement of serious reinforcement corrosion in chloride conditions provide results that do not compare well with long-term observations and practical experience for actual concrete structures. Many high-quality concrete structures show little or no evidence of serious corrosion, even after decades of exposure to chloride conditions. Earlier it was

Three cast cobalt-based alloys containing or not chromium carbides and tantalum carbides were exposed at 900°C to 100% water vapour for 46 or 100 h. The oxidised samples were characterised by XRD, SEM and EDS. Chromia was the main oxide formed in all cases. Spinel oxide appeared on the carbide-free alloy and NiO was also detected on the TaC-containing alloy. Chromia was the single oxide formed on the

High temperature corrosion behaviour of 2.25Cr–1Mo, 9Cr–1Mo and SS 410 in molten UCl3–LiCl–KCl salt at 500 and 600°C under inert and reactive atmospheres for 24 h were studied by thermogravimetry. The results indicate marginal weight gains in all the alloys. In all conditions, except at 600°C under reactive atmosphere, the weight gains were higher in initial period of exposure. The weight gain was

The combined effects of solidification microstructure refining scale and T6 heat treatment conditions on corrosion behaviour and Vickers microhardness of an Al–3 wt-% Cu–0.5 wt-% Mg alloy were studied. Then, representative samples having quite distinct primary dendritic spacings were solution treated at 495°C for 3 h and artificially aged at 200°C during different times. It was found that the feature

This paper presents the influence of a nanobainitising (N-B) and bainitising, quenching and partitioning (B-Q&P) heat treatments on corrosion resistance and wear resistance in corrosive environment on carburised 42NiSiMo8-3-7-F steel, as compared to steel after quenching and tempering (Q&T). Nanobainitizng leads to produce nanobainitic microstructure and the B-Q&P treatment resulted in ultra-fine,

In this work, samples of zirconium alloys Zr1Nb and Zircaloy-4W were subjected to two-stage oxidation experiments – at first in H216O solution and then in H218O steam. Raman spectroscopy was used to analyse distribution of 18O isotope in corrosion layers of the alloys. Layered distribution of 18O was observed in case of Zr1Nb samples; Zircaloy-4W had 18O present only at metal/oxide interface. This

The influence of the condition of through-holes on the corrosion of galvanic test assemblies was studied. Holes in coated aluminium alloy 7075-T6 were tested as received, in a worst-case bare condition and with extra protection. Regions away from fastener holes were also tested. Corrosion performance was assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in immersed conditions. Defects in the coatings

Atmospheric corrosion is a natural surface deterioration process of the ferrous metal (steel) owing to electrochemical process with the variation of highly sensitive atmospheric parameters surrounding the metal. A global empirical model developed for estimating short-and long-term atmospheric corrosion rates by establishing empirical coefficients statistically (with R2 = 0.99) having 95% confidence

Concomitant rust growth on a rust-free surface and conversion by a solution of tannin, propolis and benzoate has been investigated in the present study with the aim of producing a modified rust layer, more resilient and protective than a pure rust layer. Under such circumstances, balancing simultaneous but contradictory processes of corrosion acceleration by iron chelation and corrosion inhibition

The hydrogen permeation behaviour of X80 pipeline steel exposed to corrosion environments with different H2S/CO2 partial pressure ratios at room temperature was investigated through the high-pressure electrochemical hydrogen permeation test. Both CO2 and H2S have a hydrogen permeation promoting effect; however, CO2 hydrogen permeation promoting effect is much weaker than H2S. The hydrogen permeation

This review discusses the origins and development of the criteria for the control of corrosion by cathodic protection of steel embedded in atmospherically exposed concrete. It considers the underlying theory of cathodic protection and the laboratory and field data that support the criteria. The conclusions and recommendations discuss gaps in our present knowledge and how they might be addressed.

HNO3 contamination increased the corrosion rates of mild steel storage tanks at an HF plant containing 70% HF acid from 0.5 to nearly 30 mm/year. The steel had been pre-treated by exposure to 70% HF for up to 24 h, to form a protective scale, which restricted the corrosion rate (CR) to <1 mm/year. This study simulated the corrosion effects on a laboratory scale, to determine the corrosion rates and

Micro-alloying is thought to improve the performance of Al–Mg alloys commonly used in transport applications. The effect of Ce addition (not higher than 0.9 wt-%) on the microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties of the Al–9.2Mg–0.7Mn alloy was systematically investigated to assess its potential use in engineering applications. Ce addition had a significant effect on pitting corrosion

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a form of corrosion that occurs when moisture ingress through insulation and comes into contact with underlying metallic equipment. The rate of CUI depends on the ionic conductivity of the insulation, which, in turn, is related to the moisture distribution and metal ion concentration within the moist insulation. Metal ions are introduced into the moist insulation

The flagship congress of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC), EUROCORR 2019, was held under the theme of ‘New Times, New Materials, New Corrosion Challenges’ at the Barcelo Sevilla Renacimiento, Seville, Spain, from 9 to 13 September. This major corrosion event will be reviewed in four parts over four issues, with the present instalment summarising the various coatings-related technical sessions

Endogenetic particles TiB2 (5 and 10 vol.-%)-reinforced NiAl matrix composites were fabricated in-situ from Ti–B–Ni–Al system by arc melting. The oxidation behaviour and anti-oxidant mechanism of TiB2–NiAl composite were investigated at 1173 K in air atmosphere. The composite had a rapid rate of oxidation during the first 20 h. With the increase in oxidation time, α-Al2O3 oxidation films and needle-shaped

High-temperature oxidising environments are frequently encountered but the limited number of in situ techniques that can be implemented has hindered the monitoring possibilities and a better comprehension of the oxidation phenomenon. In this paper, the high-temperature oxidation behaviours of three alloys (AISI 316L, AISI 310 and HAYNES® HR-120®) were studied by using crystal microbalances. Two types

The paper describes the microstructure and corrosion investigations of nickel-nano-alumina-polytetrafluoroethylene (Ni/Al2O3/PTFE) composite coatings produced by the electrochemical method in a Watts bath modified with saccharin and in its base variant. The structure studies were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction and sin2ψ methods. The nickel