ABSTRACT The flagship congress of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC), EUROCORR 2020 was held under the above theme from the 7th–10th September. Owing to the pandemic, this was held as a VIRTUAL conference. This major corrosion event will be reviewed in four parts over four issues, with the present instalment providing an overall summary, giving titles and access to the plenary lectures, and

ABSTRACT The effect of hydrostatic pressure (HP) on the corrosion behaviour of X80 steel is investigated to assist the development of deep-sea oil and gas resources. The results show that the corrosion current increases as HP increases whereas the charge transfer resistance follows the opposite trend. The corrosion products are composed of γ-FeOOH, α-Fe2O3 and α-FeOOH at atmospheric pressure, while

ABSTRACT The objective of the study is to correlate the effects of temperature, H2S and Cl− concentration on the passivity limits and the onset of localised corrosion in UNS S31603 stainless steel by evaluating the changes in the semiconducting behaviour exhibited by the passive layer. The study is accomplished experimentally by using a combination of direct and alternate current electrochemical methods

ABSTRACT The results of predictions concerning the long-term corrosion losses of structural metals in the continental territory of Russia with rural atmospheres and in certain locations with urban atmospheres are presented. A power-linear model is used to predict long-term corrosion losses. Two variants for estimating the coefficients in the model are used. The first variant is presented in ISO 9224

ABSTRACT The serial-type deep-sea environmental test device was used to investigate the corrosion behaviour of 1060 aluminium exposed at real sea for 0.5 year and 2 years. Specimens were deployed at a depth of 1200, 2000 and 3000 m, respectively. A three-stage corrosion process was proposed after analysing the corrosion profile and the corrosion products of the specimens. The corrosion regularity was

ABSTRACT The effect of stress on the crevice corrosion of P110 carbon steel in the CO2-saturated 3.5 wt-% NaCl solution with a small amount of thiosulphate/H2S was investigated. The results showed that the composition of corrosion products on the steel surface did not change with elastic stress while the mackinawite film formed at the crevice mouth was more easily spalled off under higher stresses

ABSTRACT The development of severe localised corrosion (SLC) on the 2198-T8 alloy was investigated in solutions of various NaCl concentrations (0.001, 0.005 and 0.01 mol L−1). Immersion tests, optical profilometry, conventional and local electrochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the corrosion behaviour of the alloy. Immersion tests showed that the alloy is susceptible to SLC in all conditions

ABSTRACT This study investigates the H2S high-temperature corrosion characteristics of three common heat – exchanging tubes for supercritical boilers, namely SA-213T12, 15CrMoG and 12Cr1MoVG. The high-temperature corrosion rates and wall thickness reduction rates of these three materials were investigated. The results indicate that the spalling of corrosion fragments produced by high-temperature H2S

ABSTRACT Aluminium alloys forming the remnants of Lockheed P38 of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry was identified as the 24S aluminium alloy developed in 1930s. After 60 years in sea water, thick corrosion layers composed of aluminium hydroxide, copper salts and nanometre pure copper particles. In addition, the ancient aluminium alloy has undergone a very important intergranular corrosion. After the synthesis

ABSTRACT To accurately assess the corrosion risk under dynamic AC interference, the dynamic fluctuation characteristics of the pipeline near high-speed railway were analyzed by field test data. The corrosion rate and morphology of corrosion products under natural corrosion, steady AC interference, and dynamic AC interference were compared, and the effect of AC current density and typical dynamic interference

ABSTRACT To check the reproducibility of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements, 19 laboratories have performed round-robin (RR) testing on EIS using various instruments and three different systems: a dummy cell and two electrochemical systems of practical interest in the nuclear corrosion domain. The general conclusion drawn from the tests performed with the dummy cell is that the

ABSTRACT The effect of Ti addition on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the as-cast Ti-stabilised Fe–17Cr ferritic stainless steels was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive spectrometer. The corrosion behaviour of the as-cast Fe–17Cr ferritic stainless steel in 10 wt-% HNO3 and 10 wt-% NaOH solutions was examined by using

ABSTRACT This study aimed to study the inhibitory effect of the Myrtus communis extract on the microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) induced by sulphate reducing bacterial (SRB) consortium in the cooling tower water. The SRB consortium was grown on the surface of the st37 steel and its effects on the surface corrosion were evaluated. The results of electrochemical measurements and microscopic

ABSTRACT The influence of chemistry apart from the pH of buffers on the electrochemical corrosion behaviours of mild steel (MS) and 7004 aluminium alloy (AA) was studied using acetate, citrate, and citrate-phosphate buffers having an identical pH of 4. While the buffers showed marginal to insignificant variations in their anodic and cathodic kinetics on Pt, the cathodic current density for MS and AA

ABSTRACT Electrochemical noise (EN) measurements were applied to detect the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of API P110 low alloy steel in simulating CO2-containing downhole fluid during the slow strain rate test (SSRT). Several statistical parameters of potential and current transients were defined, and they were proven to be indicative of the metastable and stable pitting, as well as the initiation

ABSTRACT Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) powder obtained from post-consumer bottles is deposited on carbon steel by using a hot mechanical pressing method. The PET coated steels are aged in weathering chambers by using a xenon lamp for 400 and 1500 h, and using ultraviolet (UV-B) lamps for 400 h. The aged PET coatings are analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron

ABSTRACT As mechanical, physical and microstructural properties of metals can be significantly affected by the machining process, electrochemical properties and corrosion resistance are consequently altered. Manufacturers should control the impact of cutting conditions on surface integrity, as it will affect the component’s functional performance and life. This study addresses the case of orthogonal

ABSTRACT The influence of temper temperature on the environment assisted cracking of seamless 9% Ni steel tubes were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests, hydrogen permeation tests and electrochemical measurements. Mechanical and electrochemical tests were conducted in sodium thiosulphate

ABSTRACT In this study, the electrochemical behaviour of CrMnFeNi and CrMnFeNiLa0.1 high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions was investigated. Potentiodynamic polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements showed that the addition of rare earth element lanthanum has a positive impact in enhancement of corrosion resistance capacity for CrMnFeNi HEAs. The

ABSTRACT The present work reports the application of 1,3,5-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazinane for the inhibition of X60 steel corrosion in 3.5% NaCl saturated with CO2. The compound was synthesized using a facile ultrasonic irradiation method, and for the first time, a comparative analysis of the static and hydrodynamic conditions was performed. The results of open circuit potential (OCP) vs. time

ABSTRACT This paper reports a systematic study of longer-term marine atmospheric and immersion corrosion losses for mild steel alloyed with small to moderate amounts (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8% by weight) of aluminium. Such steel coupons were exposed for up to 3 years in temperate sea water and also just below the mud-line, and for up to one year at two severe atmospheric marine locations. Compared with the

ABSTRACT The paper aims to show how the performance of paint coatings is affected by their composition. Samples of two paint coatings, which had delaminated in service, were compared with the same type of paint applied to samples for the purposes of certification. The particle size distribution of the filler materials (inert pigments) affected the flow of resin and wetting of the particles. In both

In this work, multifunctional Ag-based ternary nanocomposites were prepared using a simple one-pot in situ polymerisation reaction. Attapulgite (ATP) was used as a supporter to deposit Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and polyaniline (PANI) on the surface of ATP nanorods. The morphology and structure of the ATP/PANI/AgNPs nanocomposites were investigated by transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction

A theoretical and experimental systematic study was performed to determine the structural characteristics and functionality that siderophores must have to be used as ecological corrosion inhibitors. Analyses demonstrated that the hydroxamate functional group is the best siderophore that could be used as a corrosion inhibitor of neutral or acidic environments because it would form a smart protective

This paper reports pitting corrosion loss data of AA5005-H34 aluminium alloy immersed in natural seawater for up to 2 years. It is shown that the data for mass loss, maximum pit depth and the average value of 15 deepest pits as a function of exposure time are not closely consistent with the classical power-law function. Instead, the data show a greater affinity to the early part of a bi-modal trend

The applicability of an accelerated test technique using tapered tensile specimens for investigating the stress corrosion crack (SCC) initiation behaviour of structural materials in high-temperature water was assessed in the framework of a European collaborative research project (MICRIN – MItigation of CRack INitiation). The main advantage of using a tapered geometry is, that in a single test a stress

Indian pressurised heavy water reactors use Incoloy 800 for steam generators. The pH is maintained alkaline to check corrosion in secondary circuit by the addition of Ethanolamine (ETA). Effect of octadecylamine (ODA) for further reduction of corrosion is investigated. Incoloy was exposed to both steam and liquid phases at 200°C in an autoclave for 7 days. Concentration of ETA was kept constant at

Experimental investigation on the relation of grinding induced surface residual stresses (RS) with stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility and electrochemical behaviour was conducted on 316L austenitic stainless steel in 3.5% sodium chloride aqueous solution. Grinding was done with the same process parameters to lower the effect of other known parameters on SCC initiation. The corrosion behaviour

ABSTRACT Some three hundred mainly steel shipwrecks from both World Wars lie buried at shallow depths along the Belgian North Sea coast. They were examined recently to estimate corrosion rates over periods in excess of 100 years. The rate was estimated by comparing the measured in-situ steel plate thicknesses with archived ship information. The estimates show distinctly lower long-term corrosion rate

Using a complex of physical and electrochemical methods, the effect of R-substituent on the adsorption of 5-R-3-amino-1,2,4-triazoles on copper surface in neutral buffer solution was studied. Minimum concentrations C min, which suppresses the first anodic peak of copper dissolution were found, and two different linear correlations of log C min values on induction constant σI were plotted: for compounds

High-Mn twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels have been proposed to meet higher passenger safety and crash-safe vehicle frame requirements demanded by the automotive industry. The corrosion behaviour of welded Fe–30Mn–5Al–0.5C–6Cr TWIP steel using the resistance-spot-welding (RSW) technique was studied. Welds showed a microstructure consisting of primary austenite dendrites and interdendritic δ-ferrite

ABSTRACT Effects of Ca addition on as-cast microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–2Zn–0.3Sr alloy were investigated for biodegradable implant application. First, a comparison between Ca and Sr addition in Mg–2Zn alloy was studied. Mg–2Zn–0.3Sr showed the better corrosion performance, but the worse mechanical property. Then, the results of Ca addition indicated that the dendritic

Corrosion of reinforcing steel embedded in kaolinite clay was studied for a two year exposure period. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarisation (POL) revealed a decrease of the corrosion rate (CR) of the steel bars up to average values of 2.5 μm y−1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy-dispersive X-ray

The corrosion behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel (2205 DSS) was investigated by atomization tests, which was performed in an S-bearing thin electrolyte layer used as the artificial industrial-marine environment. Electrochemical methods and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were conducted to reveal the protection properties and the composition evolution of the passive film. The results indicated

Sn–Sb solder alloys (2; 5.5 and 10wt-% Sb) were directionally solidified with a view to permitting the effect of a wide range of solidification cooling rates to be related to the resulting microstructure, which is shown to be formed by a cellular Sn-rich matrix with Sn–Sb intermetallic particles (IMCs) randomly distributed in the matrix The corrosion resistance of these alloys is investigated by electrochemical

ABSTRACT In this paper, the statistical analysis of fluctuation characteristics of pipeline potential under dynamic DC stray current interference was carried out based on field test data. Then a self-designed experimental set-up was applied to study the corrosion behaviour of X70 steel in soil-simulating conditions. The statistical results showed that under the dynamic DC stray current interference

Literature data on the influence of concrete cracks on corrosion propagation of reinforcing steel are contradictory. This might be due to very different exposure and test conditions but also to a lack of time-resolved data in cyclic wetting–drying exposure. Here, the influence of the environmental conditions on the corrosion rates in cracked concrete is studied experimentally. The results show that

ABSTRACT Corrosion has become a frequent and significant issue in the electronics industry. For this reason, galvanic corrosion of soldered joints, i.e. when solder alloys are in contact with a metallic substrate, is so important. The present study aims to investigate the corrosion behaviour of the Bi-2.7wt-%Zn solder alloy when in contact with Cu and Ni substrates in a 0.06M NaCl solution. Polarisation

ABSTRACT Under-deposit corrosion (UDC) is one of the main factors leading to perforation or leakage of gathering pipeline in the oilfield. In this paper, galvanic corrosion of mild steel under CaCO3 deposit was investigated by using wire beam electrodes (WBE) in the oilfield-produced water. Potential and galvanic mappings indicated that the wire electrodes covered by CaCO3 deposit mainly acted as anode

ABSTRACT Tapered specimens were used for an accelerated test technique to study the crack initiation of high Si stainless steel by means of constant elongation rate tensile testing in a simulated pressurised water reactor environment. Detailed crack density distributions were obtained by applying an advanced crack detection algorithm on iteratively displaced scanning electron microscopy pictures featuring

ABSTRACT Pitting corrosion of aluminium alloy AA5005-H34 immersed in natural sea water for up to 2 years is presented, together with new interpretations of the development of the pitting process over extended exposure periods. Trenching initiated at surface-located Fe-rich intermetallic (IM) particles. It occurred more extensively in sea water compared to atmospheric exposures. With increasing exposures

ABSTRACT In suspected cases of COVID-19 infection, the World Health Organization has recommended the thorough cleaning of surfaces and the application of commonly used hospital-level disinfectants are effective procedures. The new virus situation has changed the sanitary habits of industries and this will potentially have anadverse effect on surfaces highly exposed to disinfectants that are often chlorinated

ABSTRACT This paper presents various models (dose–response functions, DRFs) for predicting the first-year corrosion losses of structural metals for areas with marine and marine–urban (industrial) atmospheres. The prediction results for the first-year corrosion losses (C 1 pr) calculated by the DRF from the ISO 9223 standard and by the DRF developed by us are presented. A comparative assessment of the

ABSTRACT The corrosion behaviour and the remaining safe service life of tubing in simulating production well of polymer flooding in Xinjiang oilfield which located in China was investigated using weight loss measurement and surface characterisation. The results showed that as the chloride ion concentration, temperature and H2S content increased, the corrosion rate of N80 steel gradually increased in

ABSTRACT The central concept of microbiologically influenced corrosion is ‘biofilm’. However, it is neither a 100% biological fabric nor a film. While biofilms though mechanisms such as establishment of differential aeration cells can accelerate corrosion, under certain circumstances such as thickening may also decelerate corrosion. In this article, these mechanisms will be discussed. Along with that

ABSTRACT To obtain information on the mechanism of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) under anaerobic conditions, metabolic processes and microbial community dynamics were analysed for MIC of carbon steel with lake-mud microbial consortium as inoculum. During one month of MIC experiment, the microbial consortium corroded carbon steel with sulphate reduction, methane and acetate production

The corrosion behaviour and the remaining safe service life of tubing in simulating production well of polymer flooding in Xinjiang oilfield which located in China was investigated using weight loss measurement and surface characterisation. The results showed that as the chloride ion concentration, temperature and H2S content increased, the corrosion rate of N80 steel gradually increased in the hydrolysis

To obtain information on the mechanism of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) under anaerobic conditions, metabolic processes and microbial community dynamics were analysed for MIC of carbon steel with lake-mud microbial consortium as inoculum. During one month of MIC experiment, the microbial consortium corroded carbon steel with sulphate reduction, methane and acetate production. The bacterial

The central concept of microbiologically influenced corrosion is ‘biofilm’. However, it is neither a 100% biological fabric nor a film. While biofilms though mechanisms such as establishment of differential aeration cells can accelerate corrosion, under certain circumstances such as thickening may also decelerate corrosion. In this article, these mechanisms will be discussed. Along with that, this

ABSTRACT Smart containers can be produced with polyelectrolyte multilayers that can release inhibitors in response to environmental changes at the coating defects. In this study, mesoporous TiO2 hollow spheres were adopted as carriers for the encapsulation of corrosion inhibitor. The inhibitor-loaded TiO2 containers were modified by polyelectrolyte shells using layer-by-layer self-assembly technology

ABSTRACT To study the corrosion behavior of galvanized steel wires under stress, the influence of stress level, pH value, Cl- concentration and the coupling effect on the corrosion rate of cable steel wire were discussed through stress corrosion test. The prediction formula of corrosion rate of steel wire was established based on response surface method. The constitutive model of steel wire was also

ABSTRACT It is of great significance to establish a reliable correlation between the field exposure damage and lab simulation measurements for marine atmospheric corrosion of Mg alloys. In this study, the corrosion behaviour of pure Mg, AM60, ZE41 and AZ91D was investigated in the real marine atmosphere and the simulated environments, such as salt spray and simulated sea wave impact by means of weight-loss

ABSTRACT Graphene and its derivatives, such as reduced graphene oxide (RGO) possess excellent mechanical properties and outstanding thermal and electrical conductivity. These nanoparticles offer a wide range of possibilities for applications in the oil and gas industry. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RGO/graphite additions on the properties of anti-corrosion paints. The nanocoating of epoxy

(2020). Impact of hydroxide ion–chloride ion concentration ratio on crack electrochemistry. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: Vol. 55, No. 7, pp. 574-578.

ABSTRACT In the present study, a novel task-specific benzimidazolium ionic liquid with silyl substitution was synthesised and successfully introduced as a corrosion inhibitor. The inhibitory effect of 2-benzyl-1-butyl-3-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazolium chloride (BTOSPB) in HCl solution on steel corrosion was evaluated by electrochemical measurement and surface studies including scanning

ABSTRACT The corrosion performances of the EH 36 carbon steel in stagnant and flowing natural sea water and synthetic sea waters were investigated. Results show that the general corrosion rates of the steels are close in stagnant natural sea water and synthetic sea waters. The corrosion rate, corrosion feature and the rust components of the steels in flowing 3.5% NaCl solution were significantly different

ABSTRACT In this work, hot-dip galvanised steel wires were exposed in Belgium and Indonesia for 4.5 years and correlation of corrosion products formed on the exposed wires with their corrosion properties was studied. Corrosion products were identified with local Raman analysis and correlated with corrosion activity based on odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel behaviour

ABSTRACT Parameters characterising the properties of soils used as backfill in immediate contact with cast iron pipes exhumed from a variety of soils after up to 129 years exposure are used together with average annual precipitation to estimate the average time of wetness. This is shown to correlate closely with pipe wall corrosion penetration. The possibility of microbiologically influenced corrosion

ABSTRACT By analysing the results of corrosion potential, EIS, SEM and XRD test of zinc-rich coatings (ZRCs) in 3.5wt-% NaCl solution, it was found that conductive pigment (di-iron phosphide, Fe2P) can accelerate the activation and corrosion rate of zinc powders in ZRCs, but too fast corrosion rate can reduce the cathodic protection and shielding of ZRCs. Silane improves the mechanical properties and

ABSTRACT The flagship congress of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC), EUROCORR 2019, was held under the theme of ‘New Times, New Materials, New Corrosion Challenges’ at the Barcelo Sevilla Renacimiento, Seville, Spain, from 9 to 13 September. This major corrosion event will be reviewed in four parts over four issues, with the technical sessions on Cathodic Protection (including CP in the Marine