ABSTRACT This paper develops a numerical model that contained random lip-shaped matrix cracks based on the maximum energy release rate criterion for the prediction of failure progress of Continuous Fibre-reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites (CFCC) under transverse tension. Fibre distribution layout is created based on the actual microstructure and the Random Sequential Adsorption algorithm is used

ABSTRACT In order to improve the detection efficiency and image quality of Si3N4 ceramic bearing balls surface defects, digital image processing technology is used to analyse the information characteristics of Si3N4 ceramic bearing balls surface. A multi-scale decomposition enhancement algorithm for surface defect images of Si3N4 ceramic bearing balls based on the stationary wavelet transform is proposed

ABSTRACT Non-stoichiometric oxynitride with a composition of EuTaO1.75N1.25 was synthesized in <10 min through urea route combined with modified pressureless spark plasma sintering apparatus. The electronic properties of EuTaO1.75N1.25 was investigated by first-principles calculations. X-ray powder diffraction revealed that EuTaO1.75N1.25 crystallized with the cubic perovskite-type structure, S.G.

ABSTRACT Zirconia is a bioinert ceramic biomaterial. Zirconia having composition of 97% Zirconia oxide and 3% Yttria oxide finds its vital application in the field of dental ceramics as an implant material for having good inert characteristics like minimum interaction with the adjacent tissues and exhibits good aesthetic property. This paper presents the in-vitro tests conducted to evaluation toxicity

ABSTRACT This paper develops a numerical model that contained random lip-shaped matrix cracks based on the maximum energy release rate criterion for the prediction of failure progress of Continuous Fibre-reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites (CFCC) under transverse tension. Fibre distribution layout is created based on the actual microstructure and the Random Sequential Adsorption algorithm is used

ABSTRACT Coral reefs provide habitat for most oceanic life forms, however, they are declining worldwide due to pollution, increased ocean temperature, diseases and other factors. In this paper, structural and mechanical properties of endangered coral (Acropora cervicornis) skeletons cleaned by chemical bleaching and biological processes were studied. The structure of CaCO3 aragonite skeleton is porous

ABSTRACT Nepheline porous ceramics with improved strength and well thermal insulation performance were synthesised at 850–1000°C by a foam-gelcasting technology, using waste zeolite powders, triethanolamine lauryl sulphate and xanthan gum respectively as the starting materials, foaming agent and gelling agent. The effect of sintering temperatures and solid contents on the physical and thermal properties

ABSTRACT Carbon steel is a widely used structural material; however, it lacks corrosion resistance in water environments. An alternative approach to overcome this challenge is to implement the deposition of inherently corrosion-resistant ceramic coatings. SiC/C/Al coatings were developed at 700°C, using polycarbosilane in combination with Al and C, which were included as active and passive fillers

ABSTRACT Iron boride coatings obtained by the CVD-based thermal diffusion process are proposed and evaluated for the first time for high-temperature corrosion and scaling conditions in geothermal power generation. The testing results in different corrosion environments are presented. The influence of structure and surface composition on the materials’ performance is demonstrated. The dual-layer boride-based

ABSTRACT Solid solutions of Ba(Ti1−x Zr x )4O9 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) were fabricated via mixed oxides, solid state route. The phase, microstructural and dielectric properties of the fabricated samples were investigated. A structural phase transition was observed from orthorhombic (Amm2) to tetragonal (P4/mmm) with increasing Zr4+ contents (x ≥ 0.6). The dielectric constant (ϵr ) increased with the substitution

ABSTRACT Alternative fuels are being used increasingly to reduce energy costs and benefit the economics of electric power industries. Olive residues could be among those alternative fuels. This paper investigates the potential use of olive biomass ash (OBA) to develop a new sustainable binder (geopolymer composite). Refined binder chemistry was developed where the alkali and silica contents of the

ABSTRACT Natural wood is a ready-to-use template for making porous silicon carbide (SiC) body. Biomorphic β-SiC was synthesised from wood of a mango (Mangifera Indica) tree. Carbon template was made by carbonising this wood at 1000°C in argon gas atmosphere. Thus formed template was repeatedly infiltrated with a mixture of tetraethyl-orthosilicate (TEOS) (in alcohol) and oxalic acid solution (aqueous)

ABSTRACT Fully dense WC-Al2O3 platelet composites with VC additive were fabricated by hot-press sintering. Their mechanical properties and microstructure were examined. The contents of Al2O3 platelet (Al2O3pl) and VC were optimised. The fracture toughness of WC-based composites would be obviously improved with Al2O3pl addition. The defined addition of VC was beneficial for the densification and improved

ABSTRACT The gas-tight joining between yttrium-stabilised semi-closed zirconia ceramic tube and 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel tube was achieved by using a self-made Ag–27Cu–4Ti paste filler material, where the joint form was an outer sleeve joint. After brazing, the samples were subjected to thermal shock (−50°C to 150°C) and thermal cycling tests (room temperature to 600°C), respectively. The sealing

ABSTRACT The gas-tight joining between yttrium-stabilised semi-closed zirconia ceramic tube and 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel tube was achieved by using a self-made Ag–27Cu–4Ti paste filler material, where the joint form was an outer sleeve joint. After brazing, the samples were subjected to thermal shock (−50°C to 150°C) and thermal cycling tests (room temperature to 600°C), respectively. The sealing

ABSTRACT The effect of BaO on the structure and properties of bismuth-based low-melting sealing glasses (Bi2O3–B2O3–ZnO–SiO2–Al2O3–BaO) were investigated by FTIR, 27Al NMR and DSC. The results showed that when BaO content was less than or equal to 3 wt-%, BaO provided (O2–) free oxide ions, which made [AlO6] transform into [AlO4] and made [BO3] transform into [BO4]. The increase of [AlO4] and [BO4]

(2020). Editorial. Advances in Applied Ceramics: Vol. 119, Advanced Ceramics for Dentistry, pp. 235-235.

Reasonable zirconia surface pretreatment results in excellent bond strength. This study compared the effects of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength of zirconia. A total of 48 zirconia discs were divided into six separate groups (n = 8) including a Control (CL), Alumina particle blasting (AP), Silica coating (SC), Alumina particle blasting and silica coating (AS), Femtosecond laser

The aim of the study was to evaluate the marginal adaptation of various hybrid ceramics inlays before and after thermal cycling. Twenty-four extracted human molars were received inlay preparation, and randomly divided into three groups (n = 8/group). Specimens were restored with Ceramage by experienced technician, Enamic or Lava Ultimate by CAD/CAM using CEREC Omnicam. After cementation, all restorations

ABSTRACT Phosphates particularly zinc phosphates is a family of conventional dental cements that was developed a century ago and has been in use until today despite the fact that a number of new resin composite cements have been introduced in the market through the years. A close inspection of the in vivo aged samples provides insides to the margins and to the micro-leakage thus would sharpen the understanding

ABSTRACT Three kinds of commercial zirconia powders with compositions (1–x)ZrO2–xY2O3 (x = 0, 3 and 8 mol-%) were sintered at 1300–1600°C in their free-standing granules. The as-received powder with x = 0 is monoclinic (M) phase. Both as-received powders with x = 3 and 8 show mixed phases dominated by tetragonal (T). The powder with x = 0 returned to M phase at room temperature after high temperature

ABSTRACT Porous SiC ceramics were prepared based on precursor conversion method using liquid hyperbranched polycarbosilane (LHBPCS) as the preceramic polymer and expandable microsphere (EMS) as the pore foaming agent. By optimising the content of free radical initiator, the cross-linking process of LHBPCS is synchronised with the foaming process of EMS. The addition of EMS had no serious effect on

ABSTRACT In this study, the sol–gel method was used to add MgO and SrBr2 to biografts containing Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, SiO2, P2O5, H3BO3 and AgNO3. In addition, urea (15–35% by weight) was added to these biografts in different ratios. FTIR, XRD and SEM–EDX analyses were performed in order to observe the morphological effects. Antibacterial tests were carried out using S.aureus and E.coli bacteria. As a result

ABSTRACT The buildability of cementitious structure for 3D printing was investigated in terms of ettringite formation and hardening behaviour with packing density of OPC-CSA blends. The packing density of the OPC was 2.34 g cm−3, increased to 2.39 g cm−3 when 10 wt-% CSA was added, and then began to decrease to 2.37 g cm−3 at 15 wt-% CSA addition. The exothermic peak was observed at around 114°C which

ABSTRACT In this study, we carried out a simple surface modification of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) as a cationic surfactant. The crystallographic properties, optical absorption, and morphology of the ZnO NPs did not change after the surface modification. The FT-IR spectra of the surface-modified ZnO NPs (SM-ZnO) showed the characteristic peaks

In this study, we carried out a simple surface modification of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) as a cationic surfactant. The crystallographic properties, optical absorption, and morphology of the ZnO NPs did not change after the surface modification. The FT-IR spectra of the surface-modified ZnO NPs (SM-ZnO) showed the characteristic peaks of DDAB,

ABSTRACT Using a simple solid-state mixed oxides method, dense La2Mo2O9 ceramics with a relative density higher than 94% were prepared at relatively low sintering temperatures (<960°C) and the crystal structure, dielectric properties were studied in some details. Splitting peaks in XRD profiles evidenced the presence of monoclinic phase. Optimum dielectric properties at microwave frequency were achieved

ABSTRACT Cutting performances of TiCN–HfC (TH) and TiCN–HfC–WC (THW) ceramic tools in dry turning hardened AISI H13 was investigated. The optimal cutting parameters – cutting speed of 110 m/min, feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.15 mm – were obtained by the orthogonal experiment. At the optimal cutting parameters, the tool life of TH was 82 min higher than that of THW, which indicated that

ABSTRACT This study investigated electrical properties and microstructure of zinc oxide varistors containing MnO2, Cr2O3, V2O5 and TiO2. To this end, nanosize ZnO particles were synthesised by the polyacrylamide-gel method and doped with minor amounts of MnO2 (0.5 mol-%), Cr2O3 (0.5 mol-%), V2O5 (2 mol-%) and TiO2 in the range of 2–15 mol-%. The prepared samples sintered at 1050°C in air for 2 h. It

Silica/β-tri-calcium phosphate/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres, a type of bioactive and biodegradable materials, were produced by a double emulsion and solvent evaporation methods. The biological activity of the microspheres to promote dentin regeneration was investigated in vivo. First, the ionic concentration of silicon in the microspheres was detected by inductively coupled plasma optical

Nickel ferrite nanocrystalline particles NiFe2O4 were prepared by hydrothermal method. A systematic study was carried out on their structural and magnetic properties in wide ranges of temperatures and magnetic fields. The prepared nanoparticles were investigated by XRD, TEM, FTIR, and VSM. The results of Rietveld refinement revealed that the nanoparticles have a cubic single phase spinel type structure

(2020). Retraction. Advances in Applied Ceramics: Vol. 119, No. 4, pp. 234-234.

The oxidation and its effect on room temperature flexural strength were examined in hot-pressed 3 vol.-% La2O3-doped HfB2-20 vol.-% SiC composite exposed to air at 1400°C and 1500°C, respectively, for up to 100 h. The major oxidation products consisted of SiO2 (α-cristobalite), La2Si2O7, HfO2 and HfSiO4 regardless of oxidation temperature. However, the morphology of the microstructure of the oxidised

Pyrochlore Gd2(Zr1−xNbx)2O7+x (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) ceramic materials were synthesised using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The phase structure, thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity of Gd2(Zr1−xNbx)2O7+x were investigated in this work. The results show that with the introduction of Nb2O5, Gd2(Zr1−xNbx)2O7+x ceramic materials present a cubic pyrochlore structure

Cross-linking is favourable for increasing ceramic yield and avoiding melting or deformation of SiC ceramic precursor polycarbosilane (PCS) during pyrolysis. In order to achieve hollow SiC fibre, PCS fibre with a limited cross-linking depth was prepared by chlorinating the Si–H group in the outer layer of PCS fibre followed by hydrolysis and condensation of the formed Si–Cl group. The chlorination

Selective laser melting (SLM) has the ability to net complex-shaped structures. In this study, Ti3AlC2 matrix composites were fabricated by SLM and pressureless sintering of an Al–TiO2–TiC–CNT system. The results show that the formation process of the sample during SLM involved the in-situ reaction of Al with TiO2 to form TiAl3 and Al2O3. TiAl3 subsequently reacted with TiC to synthesise Ti3AlC2 during

The minimisation of temperature–time schedules to thermally debind ceramic green bodies has been examined for the case when the species of binder degradation transit the green component via gas permeation in the pore space. The model is based on the spatial–temporal reaction–permeability equation in conjunction with differential equations describing the decomposition rate and temperature–time cycle

The melt quench technique was used to prepare phosphate-based glasses composed of ZnO–Li2O–Na2O–P2O5 which were activated with luminescent Dy3+ ions and doped with various concentrations of Ag. X-ray diffraction was used to confirm the formation of amorphous glass material. The glasses were characterised by density measurements, absorption spectroscopy and by photoluminescence excitation and emission

ABSTRACT The need to reduce the energy consumed and the carbon footprint generated by firing ceramics has stimulated research to develop consolidation techniques operating at lower temperatures, ideally not exceeding 300 °C. This has been realised in Ultra Low Energy Sintering (ULES) using high pressure (hundreds of MPa) in the presence of a transient liquid phase, which accelerates plasticity, grain

(2020). Retraction. Advances in Applied Ceramics: Vol. 119, No. 4, pp. 233-233.

This study investigated three different milling sequences of high-energy ball milling for in-situ synthesis of Ti2SC MAX phase by Ti, FeS2 and C. The ball milling sequences involved: 1–10-h ball milling of the primary powders, 2–5-h ball milling of Ti and FeS2 followed by 5-h ball milling of added C powder; and 3–5-h ball milling of FeS2 followed by 5-h ball milling of added Ti and C. Heat treatment

Owing to the lack of effective energy consumption models of ball mills in the ceramic industry, a calculation model to forecast energy consumption of ceramic ball mills during the grinding process was developed based on power feature deployment. The energy consumption of the working process was defined by different combinations of power of components involved in tasks. The total energy consumption

Hierarchically porous diatomite ceramics were fabricated by the freeze-drying method using Xanthan Gum as a gelling agent. They showed high porosity of 84.8–92.7% and a low thermal conductivity value of 0.061–0.123 W m−1 K−1 (tested at 473–1073 K). Their compressive strength increased with increasing the preparation temperature and/or the solid loading level. The porous sample with 15 wt-% solid loading

The surface profile roughness (Ra), surface area roughness (Sa), and surface topography of newly developed as-prepared, ground, and polished self-glazed zirconia (SGZ) were evaluated using a profilometer, 3D optical surface profiler, and SEM, with conventional dry-milled zirconia (CZ) as a reference. A statistical analysis was conducted using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni

Prepared by dry and wet approaches, respectively, the surface properties and bacterial adhesion of conventional zirconia (CZ) and self-glazed zirconia (SGZ) were investigated. Each zirconia was divided into unpolished and polished groups. Our results revealed that SGZ showed significantly lower surface roughness than CZ (P < 0.05) and lower surface-free energy (P < 0.05) in both polished and unpolished

In the clinical application of traditional porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns and bridges, porcelain chipping has appeared as the major problems encountered by dentists. Once fracture occurs, neither aesthetics nor chewing efficiency remains. It is difficult to meet clinical needs with current repairing options. Self-glazed zirconia has been developed recently and is widely used in crowns, bridges, and

The goal of this study is to examine specific optical effects of multilayered and coloured monolithic zirconia considering thickness and substrates of different colours using one of the most advanced spectrophotometers of the world. Multilayered zirconia specimens were used for the study with the thickness range of 0.5–2.5 mm and six types of substrate materials and three types of metal substrates

ABSTRACT With the recent rapid development of the additive manufacturing family of technologies, the interest in application potential of stereolithography on producing ceramic dental prostheses has aroused and been widely discussed. While someone claimed the birth of ‘stereolithography-fabricated ceramic dental prostheses’, an overall evaluation based on the clinical requirements is lacking, making

Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic has been widely applied to fabricate functional components relying on their excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties. Meanwhile, it is always highly concerned to seek suitable manufacturing technology and processes for machining such difficult-to-cut material with high-precision, high-efficiency and low-cost. In the present paper, material removal characteristics

This case represents aesthetic restoration by full-contour monolithic zirconia crowns without porcelain veneer via a completely digital workflow. Virtual prostheses were designed following intraoral scanning and digital smile design (DSD) process. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based provisional restorations were used and adjusted as guide for aesthetic and occlusal evaluation. Definite self-glazed

The machinability of newly developed zirconia ceramics for computer numerically controlled milling (CNC) was investigated. The zirconia blanks were prepared by the gelcasting method and tested in the green and two pre-sintered states. All blanks exhibited uniform sintering shrinkage in all directions. The blanks were investigated from the viewpoint of surface milling roughness, quality of milled edges

Self-glazed zirconia has been recently developed and widely used in crowns owing to its high strength, low wear on opposite teeth, and aesthetic appearance. This clinical study was to explore the application prospect of the bridge restoration made by self-glazed zirconia with a digital process. The results demonstrated that self-glazed zirconia could meet both the aesthetics and functional requirements

The purpose of this study was to improve the mechanical performance of stereolithography for dental zirconia ceramic fabrication by optimising the scanning parameters, including laser power, hatching space, and scanning speed. An L9(43) orthogonal array, based on the Taguchi method, was designed with a minimum number of experimental runs. The analysis of variance was conducted to examine the significant

New TiC-TiB2 ceramic cutting tool materials TiC-TiB2-Ni-Mo (TBNM8) and TiC-TiB2-Ni (TBN5) with high comprehensive mechanical properties were fabricated by hot pressed sintering with the optimised sintering processes. The cutting performance of TBNM8 in continuously turning austenitic stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti) was experimentally investigated. With the optimal cutting parameters, the cutting performance

This clinical case report describes the fabrication of monolithic self-glazed zirconia prostheses via a digital workflow, for full-arch rehabilitation in a patient with a severely worn dentition. Prostheses composed of self-glazed zirconia are less prone to chipping, and have a lower risk of progressive wear of the opposing natural teeth. The use of a digital workflow not only ensures a higher degree

The effect of grain size of hydroxyapatite on its osteoconductivity was newly investigated. The hydroxyapatite discs, which had small (specimen S) and large grain size (specimen L), were prepared through microwave sintering at 1100°C for 6 and 720 min, respectively. The average grain size of specimen S was about 15 times smaller than that of specimen L. The surface energy of specimen S was about 1

MCo2O4 (M = Mn,Ni) microparticles were synthesised by a simple hydrothermal solvothermal method. The samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, which showed that MnCo2O4 microparticles with spherical particles aggregated by a large number of small cubes and cubic shaped NiCo2O4 microcubes were obtained. The microwave absorption

This is a study of a robot-controlled ultrashort pulse laser system used for tooth preparation to overcome drawbacks of traditional manual methods, thus improving its quality, precision, and clinical efficacy. Based on the international advanced digital technologies, automation technologies, and medical laser technologies, the entire tooth preparation process was completed autonomously using the robot-controlled

A series of materials of the composition Ba0.7Sr0.3ZrxTi(1 − x)O3 (BSZT), where x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03, were synthesised through the sol–gel method whereupon the manifestations of partial substitution of Ti4+ by Zr4+ on the structural and dielectric behaviour of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 (BST) were studied. X-ray diffraction patterns of all samples showed the development of a single-phase crystalline perovskite

The new inorganic colloid is a particle-free decomposable binder that can solve the nozzle clogging problem and precipitate zirconia particle upon heating. The inorganic colloidal binder can be used as a binder precursor to replace commonly used PVP binder in printing ZrO2 ceramics parts using binder-jet technology. Green bodies were printed using inorganic colloid binders with different saturation