The xenogeneic decellularized corneal matrix (DCM) was expected to be used in lamellar keratoplasty in clinic as the substitute of allogeneic cornea. After decellularization treatment, the remaining risk of xenograft rejection needed to be assessed. The galactose-α1,3-galactose, as the most abundant and closely rejection-related xenogeneic antigen, should be one of the important factors concerned in

Porous silicon carbide (SiC) has a specific biomorphous microstructure similar to the trabecular microstructure of human bone. Compared with that of bioactive ceramics, such as calcium phosphate, SiC does not induce spontaneous interface bonding to living bone. In this study, bioactive tantalum (Ta) metal deposited on porous SiC scaffolds by chemical vapour deposition was investigated to accelerate

Repairing damage in the craniofacial skeleton is challenging. Craniofacial bones require intramembranous ossification to generate tissue-engineered bone grafts via angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Here, we designed a mineralized collagen delivery system for BMP-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for implantation into animal models of mandibular defects. BMP-2/VEGF were mixed with mineralized

AbstractDevelopment of viable cell estimation method without sacrificing proliferation and functions of cells cultured on regenerative biomaterials is essential for regenerative engineering. Cytotoxicity and depletion of resazurin are critical but often overlooked limitations that hindered applications of resazurin in viable cell estimation. The present work found that cytotoxicity and depletion of

doi: 10.1093/rb/rbw036, Regenerative Biomaterials 2017;4:1–10

Atherosclerosis is a key mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the field of precision medicine for the treatment of atherosclerosis, nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery systems have great potential, owing to their ability to release treatment locally. Cell-derived biomimetic NPs have attracted extensive attention

With the development of tissue engineering, the required biomaterials need to have the ability to promote cell adhesion and proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Especially, surface modification of the scaffold material has a great influence on biocompatibility and functionality of materials. The small intestine submucosa (SIS) is an extracellular matrix isolated from the submucosal layer of porcine

Biomaterials as bone substitutes are always considered as foreign bodies that can trigger host immune responses. Traditional designing principles have been always aimed at minimizing the immune reactions by fabricating inert biomaterials. However, clinical evidence revealed that those methods still have limitations and many of which were only feasible in the laboratory. Currently, osteoimmunology,

Degradable biomaterials have emerged as a promising type of medical materials because of their unique advantages of biocompatibility, biodegradability and biosafety. Owing to their bioabsorbable and biocompatible properties, magnesium-based biomaterials are considered as ideal degradable medical implants. However, the rapid corrosion of magnesium-based materials not only limits their clinical application

Defects in craniofacial bones occur congenitally, after high-energy impacts, and during the course of treatment for stroke and cancer. These injuries are difficult to heal due to the overwhelming size of the injury area and the inflammatory environment surrounding the injury. Significant inflammatory response after injury may greatly inhibit regenerative healing. We have developed mineralized collagen

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of concentrated growth factors (CGFs) combined with mineralized collagen (MC) in guided bone regeneration (GBR). A retrospective study involving 29 patients treated with GBR technique, which was performed either CGF and MC complexes or MC alone. Implants were inserted simultaneously and cone-beam computed tomography was taken immediately, at 3 and 6 months postoperation

Bone tissue regeneration in critical-size defects is possible after implantation of a 3D scaffold and can be additionally enhanced once the scaffold is enriched with drugs or other factors supporting bone remodelling and healing. Sodium alendronate (Aln), a widely used anti-osteoporosis drug, exhibits strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption performed by osteoclasts. Thus, we propose a new approach

Strontium-substituted bioactive glass (Sr-BG) has shown superior performance in bone regeneration. Sr-BG-induced osteogenesis has been extensively studied; however, Sr-BG-mediated osteoclastogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. It is recognized that the balance of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis is closely related to bone repair, and the receptor activators of nuclear

Dental caries is one of the most common oral diseases in the world. This study was tantamount to investigate the combinatory effects of an amelogenin-derived peptide (called QP5) and fluoride on the remineralization of artificial enamel caries. The peptide QP5 was synthesized and characterized, and the binding capability of the peptide on hydroxyapatite (HA) and demineralized tooth enamel surface was

Branched polyethylene (B-PE) elastomer was investigated for its potential medical application as a tarsus construct. The in vitro results showed that the B-PE and processed B-PE films or scaffolds did not exhibit noticeable cytotoxicity to the NIH3T3 fibroblasts and human vascular endothelial cells (ECs). The B-PE scaffolds with a pore size of 280–480 µm were prepared by using a gelatin porogen-leaching

To discuss the feasibility of the application of porous Mg–Sr alloy combined with Mg–Sr alloy membrane in the repair of mandibular defects in dogs. The second and third mandibular premolars on both sides were extracted from six dogs. The model of mandible buccal fenestration bone defects were prepared after the sockets healed. Twelve bone defects were randomly divided into groups A and B, then Mg–Sr

The purpose of this article was to explore the effects of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and silver nanoparticles (SNPs) with different cytotoxicities on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) at the metabolic level. First, ∼20 nm of GNPs and SNPs were prepared, and their effects on the proliferation of HDFs were evaluated. Then, a metabolomics technique was used to analyse the effects of GNPs and SNPs on the

Titanium and its alloys are widely used in biomedical devices, e.g. implants, due to its biocompatibility and osseointegration ability. In fact, fungal (Candida spp.) infection has been identified as one of the key reasons causing the failure of the device that is inevitable and impactful to the society. Thus, this study evaluated the surface morphology, surface chemical composition and Candida albicans

Biomaterials regulate macrophages and promote regeneration function, which is a new hot pot in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The research based on macrophage materials biology has appeared happy future, but related research on regulating macrophages and promoting tissue regeneration is still in its infancy. The surface roughness of biomaterials is one of the important factors affecting

NO is the earliest discovered gas signal molecule which is produced by normal healthy endothelial cells, and it has many functions, such as maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, regulating vasodilation, inhibiting intimal hyperplasia and preventing atherosclerosis in the blood system. Insufficient NO release is often observed in the pathological environment, for instance atherosclerosis. It was discovered

Decellularized natural bladder matrices (neobladders) represent an exciting means to regenerate the bladder following bladder cancer-associated cystectomy. In this study, we compare the evolution of decellularized matrices with recellularized matrices by seeding it with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) after implantation following partial cystectomy in rats. We discovered significant

Methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)/bacterial cellulose (BC) composite hydrogels have been successfully prepared by immersing BC particles in GelMA solution followed by photo-crosslinking. The morphology of GelMA/BC hydrogel was examined by scanning electron microscopy and compared with pure GelMA. The hydrogels had very well interconnected porous network structure, and the pore size decreased from 200 to

As a minimally invasive surgery, percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) is now contemplated to treat lumbar disc degeneration disease in elder population. Here, we investigated whether the osteogenic mineralized collagen (MC) modified polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement could be a suitable material in PCD surgery. Injectability, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the MC-modified PMMA (PMMA-MC)

Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) is widely used in porous forms to assist bone defect healing. However, further improvements in biological functions are desired for meeting complex clinical situations such as impaired bone regeneration in poor bone stock. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of human tissues is characterized by nanofibrous structures and a variety of signal molecules. Emulating these characteristics

Cellular therapies play a critical role in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). Compared with cell-seeded conduits, fully cellular grafts have more similarities with autografts, and thus might result in better regeneration effects. In this study, we fabricated Schwann cell (SC)-neural stem cell (NSC) core-shell alginate hydrogel fibers in a coaxial extrusion manner. The rat SC line RSC96 and

Nanodrug carriers with fluorescence radiation are widely used in cancer diagnosis and therapy due to their real-time imaging, less side effect, better drug utilization as well as the good bioimaging ability. However, traditional nanocarriers still suffer from unexpectable drug leakage, unsatisfactory tumor-targeted drug delivery and shallow imaging depth, which limit their further application in cancer

The main driving idea of the present study was the comparison between two different chemical modifications of hyaluronic acid (HA) followed by the development of nanocomposite hydrogels directly in situ by biomineralization of photocrosslinkable HA polymers through sol-gel synthesis. In this way, it has been possible to overcome some limitations due to classical approaches based on the physical blending

In this study, we designed a double layer-coated vascular stent of 316L stainless steel using an ultrasonic spray system to achieve both antiproliferation and antithrombosis. The coating included an inner layer of graphene oxide (GO) loaded with docetaxel (DTX) and an outer layer of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) loaded with heparin (Hep). The coated surface was uniform without aggregation and shedding

Intramuscular expression of functional proteins is a promising strategy for therapeutic purposes. Previously, we developed an intramuscular gene delivery method by combining Pluronic L64 and optimized electropulse, which is among the most efficient methods to date. However, plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) in this method were not compressed, making them unstable and inefficient in vivo. We considered that a proper

Tissue engineering response may be tailored via controlled, sustained release of active agents from protein-loaded degradable microparticles incorporated directly within three-dimensional (3D) ice-templated collagen scaffolds. However, the effects of covalent crosslinking during scaffold preparation on the availability and release of protein from the incorporated microparticles have not been explored

Joint contracture is a fibrotic complication induced by joint immobilization and trauma, which is characterized as excessive myofibroblast proliferation in joint capsule. The treatments of joint contracture are unsatisfied and patients are suffered from joint dysfunction. Our previous study has shown that curcumin can inhibit myofibroblast proliferation in vitro, but the major challenge is the low

Cell migration in three-dimensional environment is extremely important for tissue regeneration and other biological processes. In this work, a model system was developed to study how endothelial cells (ECs) migrate into photo-responsive hydrogels under the presence of pro-inflammatory macrophages. The hydrogel was synthesized from hyaluronic acid grafted with coumarin and methacrylate moieties by both

Surface modification by non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) treatment can produce significantly higher carboxylic groups on the nanofibers (NF) surface, which potentially can increase biomineralization of NF via promoting glutamic acid (GLU) templated peptide conjugation. Herein, electrospun poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds were treated with NTAP and conjugated with GLU peptide followed

Dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Dex-SPIONs) are excellent magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for disease diagnosis and therapy. They can be delivered to target tissues mainly though vascular endothelium cells, which are major targets of oxidative stress. In cardiovascular cells, autophagy serves primarily on a pro-survival approach that protects the cells from oxidative

Chitosan is a biocompatible polymer that has been widely studied for tissue engineering purposes. The aim of this research was to assess bone regenerative properties of an injectable chitosan and calcium phosphate-based composite and identify optimal degree of deacetylation (%DDA) of the chitosan polymer. Drill holes were generated on the left side of a mandible in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the hole

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint is a degenerative disease initiated by mechanical stress that affects millions of individuals. The disease manifests as joint damage and synovial inflammation. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is a specific form of OA caused by mechanical trauma to the joint. The progression of PTOA is prevented by immediate post-injury therapeutic intervention. Intra-articular

Tissue engineering of the annulus fibrosus (AF) is currently being investigated as a treatment for intervertebral disc degeneration, a condition frequently associated with low back pain. The objective of this work was to use 3D printing to generate a novel scaffold for AF repair that mimics the structural and biomechanical properties of the native tissue. Multi-layer scaffolds were fabricated by depositing

A hydrogel based on chitosan, collagen, hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin and polyethylene glycol was developed and characterized. The incorporation of nano-hydroxyapatite and pre-encapsulated hydrophobic/hydrophilic model drugs diminished the porosity of hydrogel from 81.62 ± 2.25% to 69.98 ± 3.07%. Interactions between components of hydrogel, demonstrated by FTIR spectroscopy and rheology, generated a

Articular cartilage is an important load-bearing tissue distributed on the surface of diarthrodial joints. Due to its avascular, aneural and non-lymphatic features, cartilage has limited self-regenerative properties. To date, the utilization of biomaterials to aid in cartilage regeneration, especially through the use of injectable scaffolds, has attracted considerable attention. Various materials,

We previously demonstrated that octadecylamine-functionalized nanodiamond (ND-ODA) and dexamethasone (Dex)-adsorbed ND-ODA (ND-ODA-Dex) promoted anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative behavior in human macrophages in vitro. In this study, we performed a pilot study to investigate if these immunomodulatory effects translate when used as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Following local injection

Asherman's syndrome (AS) is an endometrial disorder in which intrauterine adhesions crowd the uterine cavity and wall. The fibrotic adhesions are primarily the result of invasive uterine procedures that usually involve the insertion of surgical equipment into the uterus. This syndrome is accompanied by a number of clinical manifestations, including irregular or painful menstruation and infertility

Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from myocardium has been widely explored as a nature scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering applications. Cardiac dECM offers many unique advantages such as preservation of organ-specific ECM microstructure and composition, demonstration of tissue-mimetic mechanical properties and retention of biochemical cues in favor of subsequent recellularization

The objective of this work was to fabricate a rigid, resorbable and osteoconductive scaffold by mimicking the hierarchical structure of the cortical bone. Aligned peptide-functionalize nanofiber microsheets were generated with calcium phosphate (CaP) content similar to that of the natural cortical bone. Next, the CaP-rich fibrous microsheets were wrapped around a microneedle to form a laminated microtube

A functional microvascular system is imperative to build and maintain healthy tissue. Impaired microvasculature results in ischemia, thereby limiting the tissue's intrinsic regeneration capacity. Therefore, the ability to regenerate microvascular networks is key to the development of effective cardiovascular therapies. To stimulate the formation of new microvasculature, researchers have focused on

The formation of amyloid fibrils from soluble proteins is a common form of self-assembly phenomenon that has fundamental connections with biological functions and human diseases. Lysozyme was converted from its soluble native state into highly organized amyloid fibrils. Ultrasonic treatment was used to break amyloid fibrils to fibrillar fragments-seeds. Atomic force microscopy and fluorescence microscopy

Bone necrosis after injecting of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement will lead to re-fracture of bone tissue. As a new type of necrosis, there is little research related to the necroptosis of surrounding bone tissue near the bone cement. The purpose of our study was to (i) investigate the presence of necroptosis in vivo and, (ii) established as a new type of bone cement containing PMMA, calcium

The mechanism of the mineralization process induced by natural mineralized collagen (MC) has been investigated for decades. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of self-assembled MC for peri-implant bone defect reconstruction in a mini pig. A standardized peri-implant bone defect model was created using 14 mini pig mandibles. Two materials were evaluated, i.e. a mixture of hydroxyapatite

Mechanical signals have been played close attention to regulate chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In this study, dynamic mechanical loading simulation with natural frequencies and intensities were applied to the 3D cultured BMSCs-collagen scaffold constructs. We investigated the effects of dynamic mechanical loading on cell adhesion, uniform distribution, proliferation

Severe traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a devastating and permanent loss of function, and is currently an incurable condition. It is generally accepted that future intervention strategies will require combinational approaches, including bioengineered scaffolds, to support axon growth across tissue scarring and cystic cavitation. Previously, we demonstrated that implantation of a microporous

Despite the promise of its therapeutic benefits, curcumin as a free molecule has failed to demonstrate significant clinical success. Arguably, its inherently poor stability and rapid clearance is a significant reason for these negative outcomes. The incorporation of curcumin into the backbone of a crosslinked hydrogel that utilizes poly(beta-amino ester) (PBAE) chemistry can provide a tunable protective

Development of synthetic bone substitutes has arisen as a major research interest in the need to find an alternative to autologous bone grafts. Using an ovine model, the present pre-clinical study presents a synthetic bone graft (Bonelike®) in combination with a cellular system as an alternative for the regeneration of non-critical defects. The association of biomaterials and cell-based therapies is

In the field of tissue engineering the choice of materials is of great importance given the possibility to use biocompatible polymers produced by means of biotechnology. A large number of synthetic and natural materials have been used to this purpose and processed into scaffolds using Electrospinning technique. Among materials that could be used for the fabrication of scaffold and degradable membranes

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes for many years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of two novel injectable, bioactive cements: β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/CPC and chitosan microsphere/CPC in vitro and in vivo. This was accomplished by culturing mouse pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) on discs and pastes of CPCs. Cell growth

A portable device was designed and constructed for studying the properties of biomaterials in physiologically relevant fluids under controllable flow conditions that closely simulate fluid flow inside the body. The device can fit entirely inside a cell incubator; and, thus, it can be used directly under standard cell culture conditions. An impedance-driven pump was built in the sterile flow loop to

Additive manufacturing (AM) has shown promise in designing 3D scaffold for regenerative medicine. However, many synthetic biomaterials used for AM are bioinert. Here, we report synthesis of bioactive nanocomposites from a poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate) (PEOT)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) (PEOT/PBT) copolymer and 2D nanosilicates for fabricating 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. PEOT/PBT

Cardiovascular diseases cause huge socio-economic burden worldwide. Although a mammalian myocardium has its own limited healing capability, scaffold materials capable of releasing stem cell recruiting/engrafting factors may facilitate the regeneration of the infarcted myocardium. The aim of this research was to develop cardiac patches capable of simultaneously eluting substance P (SP) and insulin-like

Hydrogels have been extensively used in the field of biomedical applications, offering customizable natural, synthetic or hybrid materials, particularly relevant in the field of tissue engineering. In the bioelectronics discipline, hydrogels are promising mainly as sensing platforms with or without encapsulated cells, showing great potential in healthcare and medicine. However, to date there is little

Large-sized cranial bone defect repair presents a great challenge in the clinic. The ideal cranioplasty materials to realize the functional and cosmetic recovery of the defect must have sufficient mechanical support, excellent biocompatibility, good osseointegration and biodegradability as well. In this study, a high-strength mineralized collagen (MC) bone scaffold was developed with biomimetic composition

We report that the co-solvent polarity can precisely control the TPE-buried amphiphile 1 to self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) in water with size range from ∼21-32 nm to 55-68 nm to 95-106 nm. Excepted for size, these TPE-buried amphiphile fabricated NPs hold identical physical properties such as spherical shape, surface charge, and luminescent properties, and moreover, after covalent capture of