Phase change materials (PCMs) can effectively absorb and release energy from the environment during the phase transition process. However, liquid phase leakage and poor energy storage occur easily at the same stage. Considering the good adhesion of polydopamine (PDA) and the high solar absorption properties of PDA and MXene, a new supporting material was prepared in this work by combining melamine

These studies focuses on synthesizing of an efficient CaO-based-catalyst derived from the binary mixture of Lattorina littorea (periwinkles shell) and Mactra coralline (seashell), and apply it to transesterification of a quaternary mix of Carica papaya - Citrus sinesis- Hibiscus sabdariffa- Waste used. Details characterization of the developed catalyst was carried out using SEM, FTIR, and XRD to establish

With the rapid increase in the penetration of wind power in recent years, wind power ramp events (WPREs) have become the main factors affecting the safety and stability of electric power systems. Accurate detection of ramp events could help power systems better manage the extreme events and reduce economic losses. The previous ramp detection methods are either too complex to implement that influence

Load rejection is one of the dangerous transient scenarios in pumped-storage power stations (PSPSs), and the risk should be evaluated from design to operation stages of PSPSs. In this study, the extreme case with simultaneous load rejection of two pump-turbines in a prototype pumped-storage system was simulated by using the one-dimensional and three-dimensional (1D-3D) coupled computational fluid dynamics

Promotion of solar energy as a new promising renewable energy source for Smart City projects in Thailand plays an important role in driving the economy, society and the environment. A novel conceptual framework with different solar radiation indexes was developed to investigate and evaluate the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) energy production by comparing predicted and actual results for energy acquired

The present study illustrates the development of a detailed model to estimate the part-load performance of an ammonia closed OTEC system for on-shore installations. A previously published Matlab® suite is extended by accounting for off-design conditions in terms of variable seawater temperature and mass flow on the cycle performance. The off-design behavior of each component is thoroughly discussed

Electricity is an important pillar for the economic growth and the development of societies. Surveying and predicting the electricity production (EP) is a valuable factor in the hands of electricity industry managers to make strategic decisions, especially if electricity is generated by renewable resources for environmental considerations. However, because the EP series is non-stationary and nonlinear

A four-component skeletal mechanism consisting of 1,4-hexadiene, methyl decanoate, methyl trans-3-hexenoate, n-hexadecane was developed to represent biodiesel fuel from various sources. The methyl decanoate and n-hexadecane were selected to represent saturated fatty acid methyl esters, and trans-3-hexenoate and 1,4-hexadiene were applied to adjust degree of unsaturation. A skeletal mechanism for this

The box type solar cooker is a user-friendly solar energy harvesting system suitable for domestic cooking in tropical countries. The benefit of adding aluminum fins to the lids of the cooking vessels in a solar cooker is investigated in this experimental study. Four different cylindrical aluminum cooking vessels that are un-finned and finned vessels with varying fin lengths of 25 mm, 35 mm, and 45

The present study conducts a comparative experimental study on the dynamic thermal response and performance of a conventional SAH and SAH equipped with PCM using paraffin packs. Various scenarios were investigated to assess the impacts of PCM usage, PCM melting point, and arrangements of PCM slabs with different melting points on the dynamic thermal response of SAHs. To this aim, two V-type corrugated

The Canary Island archipelago holds 2.2 million inhabitants and received more than 14 million tourist visitors in 2019. Its volcanic origin and the presence of recent volcanic activity highlight its potential geothermal interest for heat production, therefore offering an attractive pathway for a renewable energy supply, not only for power generation and deep geothermal exploitation but also for low-enthalpy

The effects of fracture distribution on the heat extraction performance of enhanced geothermal system (EGS) are very significant. Referring to lots of EGS fracturing projects, the fractures around wellbore are denser than other regions in fracture reservoir. Therefore, it is essential to understand the link between the thermal exploitation of EGS and fracture distributions around injection wells. We

With increasing energy and resource consumption due to population growth, the biorefinery concept is becoming popular. This concept aims to harness all the properties of biomass by producing energy and recovering useful chemical products. Nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus play a key role in the world’s food production because they are the main elements used in fertilizer production. Hydrothermal

An eco-friendly and facile in-situ polymerization method was used to develop template free acid-etched graphitic carbon nitride (TGCN) nanosheets with optimized PANI nanofibers. PANI nanofibers grown on TGCN nanosheets offer large surface area, high porosity and unique charge transfer properties. The rapid agglomeration of TGCN nanosheets throughout electrochemical measurements lowers the specific

Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) are becoming increasingly significant for energy generation and will have vital for the future of humans, earth, and other living things. Due to the negative environmental impacts of fossil fuels, the authorities have taken RERs into account further. As a result, the present study extended a novel model using the Level Based Weight Assessment (LBWA) model based on

Particulate matter (PM) generated by residential wood combustion is a major environmental concern in Europe. This study focuses on the influence of potassium chloride (KCl) on fine particle emissions from a modern wood stove. Wood logs with and without KCl impregnation were subjected to batch combustion and emission measurements. A bi-modal particle number-size distribution characterized by a nucleation

The ongoing increase in size of modern wind turbines creates the demand of better control algorithms to counteract the increased loads acting on them. Individual blade pitch control (IPC) algorithms to alleviate blade loads are becoming a crucial part of current wind turbine control systems. The state-of-the-art individual blade pitch load reduction controller mostly relies on multiple single-input

Large-Eddy Simulation is adopted to reproduce the wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine. The process of momentum recovery is correlated with the destabilization of the wake system, starting wake contraction and radial flows from the free-stream towards the wake core. All terms of the momentum balance equation are analyzed. The radial advection dominates the momentum recovery at the outer radii

The chaotic characteristics of the tall tower wind speed data within Missouri was investigated using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The phase space diagrams were constructed using the method of time delay. The two parameters needed in the construction of the attractor are the embedding dimension and the time delay. The former was determined using the Cao Algorithm and the latter by

The wind direction in atmospheric boundary layers changes continuously due to meso-scale weather phenomena. Developing accurate simulations of these changes is essential for understanding their effect on the performance of large wind farms. Our study introduces a new technique to model dynamic wind direction changes obtained from meso-scale simulations or field measurements in micro-scale large eddy

Hydropower plants are one of the most convenient option for power generation, as they generate energy exploiting a renewable source, they have relatively low operating and maintenance costs, and they may be used to provide ancillary services, exploiting the large reservoirs of available water. The recent advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and in machine learning methodologies

This study presents a novel mechanical technique for solar concentration system that integrated with single-axis tracking mechanism without needs of electricity, electronic components, nor special materials. The presented mechanism aimed basically the small-sized solar Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) to spread it in fields that limited by the disadvantage of the commercial tacking systems. The presented

Wave energy can provide significant benefits as renewables acquire more share in electricity production. So far, focus for the development of wave energy is given to areas with resources ≥ 25 kW/m, with moderate resources often not considered. Furthermore, waves have larger uncertainties associated with diverse portfolio of converters leading to higher Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCoE). This study

Clostridium butyricum TM-9A strain was employed as pure strain for scale up of fermentative hydrogen production in batch mode. In laboratory scale batch fermentations, 46 mmol/L hydrogen produced from molasses at optimum pH, molasses concentration and C/N ratio of; 7.5, 2.5%, and 10, respectively. Scale up of molasses fermentation by TM-9A strain in 13.5 L scale bioreactor under decreased partial pressure

The aim of this work is to utilize various biogenic fuels without ash slagging and to significantly reduce NOX and particulate matter emissions in comparison to modern combustion technologies. For this purpose, a novel small-scale multi-fuel biomass grate furnace technology was developed and experimentally investigated. It employs a low oxygen concentration in the fixed-bed and a double air staging

This study presents a techno-economic and environmental analysis of biogas upgrading processes. Biogas upgrading, with the removal of acid gases (CO2, H2S) from biogas produced from municipal solid wastes, can reduce air pollutant emission and increase the heat of combustion of the final product, thus promoting biogas use as a transport fuel while mitigating landfill disposal in urban areas. Among

A recently proposed analytical wake model for a horizontal axis utility scale wind turbine is revisited, and revised and improved. The model is based upon conservation of momentum in the context of actuator disc theory, and the assumption of a distribution of the double-Gaussian type for the velocity deficit in the wake. The model is developed and improved and reveals characteristics of the wind turbine

Accurate parameterization of wind farms’ equivalent roughness heights is critical to meso-scale climate simulations as well as power predictions of wind turbines. A notable inadequacy of the existing models is that the results sensitively depend on sx/sy, where sx and sy are the dimensionless streamwise and spanwise spacing of the turbines. To understand the issue, we conduct large-eddy simulations

The horizontal axis turbine is one of the most promising energy extractors for tidal stream energy utilization. However, there is no widely accepted model for describing the wake structure of a tidal stream turbine. Besides, the flow velocity variation in wakes is accompanied by energy transformation and has hardly been investigated to date. In this paper, a brief review of existing laboratory tidal

The impact of using air and water cooling glass in the double slope solar still have been performed numerically and experimentally. The thermoelectric modules cold side cools a water flow which passes on the glass cover in the water-cooled solar still. On the other hand, the wind velocity was used to cooling the glass cover in the air-cooled solar still. The convection heat transfer coefficient is

To increase the amount of energy captured from a vibrating buoy in the ocean with a simple mechanism, this paper proposes a two-body point absorber wave energy converter (WEC) with a tuned inerter. The tuned inerter mechanism consists of a spring, a linear damping element, and a component called inerter. This mechanism was originally proposed in the field of civil engineering as a structural control

In linear Fresnel collectors (LFCs), a receiver composed of CPC secondary reflector and evacuated tube need to be highly coupled with the mirror field. An optimized design method of the LFC is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a mathematical model of the CPC for the LFC is established, with the effects of the choice of half-acceptance angle and truncation ratio on the geometrical optics efficiency of

This study aimed to establish an experimental system to strengthen the popularization of flat-plate solar air collectors. Flat-plate solar collectors have been studied for years, but economic researches based on energy grade are insufficient. Using the analogical principle of fan, the relationship between the air mass flow rate and the power consumption of a fan was built. Taking net heat production

During the last decade, there was an increased interest in wind turbine icing. Most of the icing studies are related to horizontal axis wind turbine icing (HAWT). Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) icing is seldomly reported in the literature. Compared to the HAWT blade VAWT blade operates under various angles of attack. Therefore, ice accretion shapes on static VAWT blade must be considered under different

Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) rotor is a system whose components are particularly exposed to fatigue damage, due to non-uniform winds and the rotating nature of the rotor. Individual Pitch Control (IPC) can help alleviating the fatigue loads on the rotor blades by rotating the blades independently from each other on their longitudinal axis. However, reducing the blades fatigue damage is often

This paper introduces a novel concept of flap-type wave energy device named the Hull Reservoir Wave Energy Converter (HRWEC). The device is a hybrid of the Pendulum type wave energy converter (PeWEC) and the Pendulor wave energy converter. The device mainly consists of a floating reservoir and a top hinged flap that hangs inside the reservoir. The flap motion is triggered by both the float motion and

The current study aims to explore the hybrid solar-electric drying (HSED) of garlic cloves, tests were carried out at three different temperatures 50, 60 and 70 °C under natural convection mode and forced convection mode. Drying air velocity of 4.1 and 6.9 m s−1 have been studied experimentally in forced convection mode. Midilli-Kucuk model can be used to predict the drying behaviour of garlic cloves

Due to the inertness and structural complexity of lignin, upgrading lignin to biofuels and fine chemicals still faces great challenges. In this paper, a one-pot method was used to catalyze straw lignin with H-ZSM-5 supported by Ni and Ru bimetals, and the lignin conversion rate reached 88.1%. The yield of monophenol was 19.5%, of which the yield of 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol was 4.9% and 3.8%

Solar water heating provides domestic hot water with lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to more typical natural-gas water heating. Solar water heating has a long history, particularly in places where the climate is favorable, such as California where state-backed incentive programs have been successful in creating small bursts of adoption. However, widespread adoption of solar water heating has