ABSTRACT: Palladium–based catalysts are among the most efficient for H2-production via HCOOH (FA) dehydrogenation at near-ambient P,T. Herein, we show that [PdO/Pd0/TiO2] nanocatalysts bearing tetragonal PdO-nanophase, can be optimized for enhanced FA dehydrogenation via engineering of the [PdO:Pd0] ratio on the TiO2 support. We have developed a sequential-deposition Flame Spray Pyrolysis technique

The combined hydrogenation and catalytic cracking (HCC) process is reported to be able to convert inferior light cycle oil (LCO) into high-quality gasoline efficiently. However, when the LCO rich in tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (TAHs) is used as feedstock, a high hydrogenation severity is required to saturate the aromatic rings, and abundant gaseous hydrocarbons are generated during the following

Carbon dioxide injection can be utilised as a means of both enhancing gas recovery from shales and sequestering carbon, and thereby simultaneously addressing the growing worldwide gas demand, as well as the challenge of greenhouse gas emissions. Greater mobility of CO2 within the shale improves the displacement efficiency of the originally present CH4, as well as, increasing the CO2 penetration of

The pore structure of gas shale reservoirs strongly influences gas occurrence, migration and enrichment, which has become an important fundamental issue for shale gas exploration and production. To investigate variations in the pore structure of organic-rich shale and provide some insights into gas storage and pore evolution, this study focused on three dominant types of shale lithofacies in the Wufeng

To achieve tunable controls on the interactions of siliceous materials in subsurface environments bearing water and hydrocarbons, it is essential to determine the influence of hydrocarbon-water interfaces on the self-assembly of the silica particles. The hydrophilic silica particles have a tendency to aggregate on the water front of the interface. Self-assembly of silica nanoparticles proceeds via

The steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process is among the most applicable thermal enhanced oil recovery (TEOR) methods in North American heavy oil reservoirs. In addition to improving oil mobility through viscosity reduction, the high-temperature condition that a TEOR method causes may significantly alter the fluid flow performance and behavior, as manifested by the relative permeability to fluids

Soot is a major anthropogenic air pollutant that affects human health and contributes to global warming. To understand its formation pathways and reduce emission, several flame and engine studies exist in the literature, though the fundamental differences in the characteristics of engine and flame soots are not well understood. This study presents a detailed comparative investigation of soot nanostructural

Incineration is in many countries a common treatment method for municipal solid waste, and utilization of the ash residues has attracted significant interest. The bottom ash is best suited as a secondary construction material, whereas the fly ash is being investigated as a secondary raw material for recovery of, e.g., Zn, Cu and salts. For both types of application, knowledge about the chemical speciation

As the need for petroleum products is increasing, it led to increased crude oil prices. For an alternative approach, the catalytic conversion of methanol-to-hydrocarbon (MTH) has attracted many researchers. The MTH process is suitable, which converts methanol directly into gasoline and other valuable hydrocarbons. The review provides information about MTO (Methanol to olefins), MTA (Methanol to aromatics)

Coal fueled the Industrial Revolution and the global expansion of electrification in the 20th century. In the 21st century, coal use has declined in North America and Europe, but continues to increase in Asia. Coal contains many of the elements of the Periodic Table, in percent-levels or in trace amounts (ppm, ppb). The impact of many of these elements on the environment via air and water discharges

Asphaltenes are among the most challenging components in petroleum processing because they contain high amounts of heteroatoms (i.e., S, N, O, V, and Ni) thought to be responsible for strong aggregation tendencies, precipitation, and fouling problems. The role of vanadium and nickel-containing petroleum compounds (i.e., “petroporphyrins”) in aggregation and fouling is not completely understood because

Hydrophobicity and porosity of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) are key parameters in optimising the design of PEM fuel cells. Their effects on cell performance are analysed using the ANSYS PEM Fuel Cell Module, with simulation results compared with available experimental data. The simulations indicate that raising the contact angle of the GDL up to 150o enhances liquid water removal and cell performance

Battery separator is a crucial component of a lithium-ion battery (LIB); it affects the battery performance. However, the effects of separator on commercial cylindrical LIBs has not been well studied using computational models. This paper presents a numerical study on the effects of separator design on the LIB performance. We developed a 2D electrochemical-thermal coupled model for a 38120-type LiFePO4

High-rate and long-life sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are highly desirable for stationary energy storage applications. However, the practical implementations of SIBs are strictly restricted due to the shortage of satisfactory anode materials. In this study, a Fe and N co-doped amorphous TiO2/C composite synthesized by a MOF-derived approach fulfill the demands of kinetics and durability by stimulating

Functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) have been considered as efficient catalysts for oxidative desulfurization (ODS), but the further industrial applications are hampered by the poor separability with oil phase after reaction and large dosage. In this work, few-layer graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with high specific surface area was prepared via thermal oxidation and employed as a carrier to construct

The main objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of nanofluids formed by surface-modified nanoparticles with a fluorosurfactant dispersed in a flue gas stream at low concentrations as an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process applied to a tight gas–condensate reservoirs (TGCR). This research is a continuation of our previous study (doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b22383) in which nanoparticles of γ-Al2O3

The massive consumption of petroleum and the increasingly deteriorating environment has triggered the attention and development of sustainable chemistry recently. Biomass source is the only renewable carbon source on Earth, which is regarded as the potential alternative to the current fossil fuels that cannot be regenerated in a short time. Past decades have witnessed great advances in the utilization

Vegetation has successfully been used for remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soils (phytoremediation). The heavy-metal-rich biomass after phytoremediation can be processed by pyrolysis, achieving bioenergy production and pollutant control. The pretreatment of the heavy-metal-rich biomass prior to pyrolysis, as an emerging factor, needs to be investigated. For this purpose, heavy-metal-rich biomass

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) consist of 210 kinds of pollutants, 17 of which are highly toxic to humans. PCDD/F is mainly produced during combustion and incineration processes. This review focus on the formation, measurement and control of dioxins in municipal solid waste incineration. Typical PCDD/F emission concentrations and air pollutant control

The mechanism of adsorption of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) is still a challenge in CO2 sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CS-EGR) in shale gas reservoirs. In this study, we focus on the adsorption behaviors of CO2 and CH4 on kerogen type IIIA using molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations. Simulation results indicated that the difference between the

A primary challenge of chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) in high temperature (>100°C) carbonate fields is to obtain viable and cost-effective chemicals that can survive at such critical reservoir conditions. Our previous work shows that alcohol-assisted waterflooding shifts wettability in contact angle measurements (sub-pore level), which can be deciphered from geochemical perspective. In this

The CO2/CH4 competitive adsorption behaviors in bituminous coal before and after oxidation are investigated by the density functional theory (DFT). It is found that coal oxidation can decrease the adsorption energy of CO2 and CH4 on the functional groups. There exists a critical distance when CO2 and CH4 are adsorbed on the functional groups. The effects of different functional groups (-N, -S-, -HS

Granulation is an effective method to mitigate the issue of CaO-based sorbent elutriation in the calcium looping process. To further enhance CO2 capture performance of CaO-based pellets, pore-forming templates are usually added. In this work, rice straw, wheat straw and corn stalk, were adopted as the pore-forming templates. The effect of different regeneration conditions (mild, moderately severe and

Catalytic combustion has become a promising technology to address the accelerating VOCs emissions. In this work, cobalt modified ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts (3-18 wt% Co) are prepared to investigate with respect to combustion of n-butane (a model component of VOCs). The performances of catalysts were evaluated by conducting experiments in a flow tube reactor. XRD, BET, FT-IR and XPS were utilized to characterize

This study delved into the pore-throat heterogeneity of the tight sandstone in the Ordos basin for NMR and Rate-Controlled Mercury Intrusion tests (RCMI). The aim of the present study was to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize microscopic heterogeneity of a pore throat based on the merits of NMR and RCMI. On this basis, the effect of pore-throat heterogeneity on gas-phase percolation capacity

The extensive production of alternative fuels from renewable biomass sources through microbial fermentation has attracted wide attention, which is a large-scale and targeted means to meet various application conditions. As an alternative terpenoid hydrocarbon fuel produced by this renewable means, there is a large application prospect for cycloalkane p-menthane (1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohexane, PMT)

A novel low and room temperature dehydrogenation of dimethylamine borane (DMAB) is being reported using hydrogen sulfate based ionic liquids (ILs) namely, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([EMIM][HSO4]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM][HSO4]). The ILs are selected from a pool of potential IL using COnductor like Screening MOdel – Segment Activity Coefficient (COSMO-SAC)

Algae biomass have recently attracted the attention of the green energy industry as a raw material for biofuels production. Their high-water content has led to the choice of hydrothermal liquefaction as a suitable way to convert them into bio-oil. From algae species to bio-oil as fuel, we have many steps, including the selection of algae species and process parameters (including catalysts), liquefaction

ABSTRACT: A power system with chemical-looping combustion (CLC) has been an effective method to realize efficient energy conversion and CO2 capture with zero energy penalty. Over the past 30 years, CLC power systems have been developed rapidly. Researches on the development of CLC power systems at Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) have enlightened and broadened the application of CLC from the standpoints

The aim of this study is to understand the homogeneous vapor-phase reactions in lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis by using two separated reactors combined with an advanced analytical technique. The fast pyrolysis of elm was conducted in a microfluidized-bed reactor (MFBR) at 500 °C. The formed pyrolysis tar would be immediately introduced into a secondary tubular reactor (STR), in which the secondary

The performance of arsenic poisoned catalyst in a 600 MW coal-fired power plant was tracked from 12/2013 to 10/2019, and the physico-chemical characteristics and service lifetime of catalyst in initial stage, ultra-low emission reconstruction stage, and catalyst replacement stage of deNOx device operation were investigated. The results revealed that the active components in the catalyst were lost over

The thermogenic transformation of kerogen into hydrocarbons accompanies the development of a pore network within the kerogen that serves as gas storage locations both in pore space and surface area for adsorbed gas within the source rock. Therefore, the successful recovery of gas from these rocks depends on the accessible surface area, surface properties, and interconnectivity of the pore system. These

Transition metal oxide is a prospective anode material for lithium ion battery because of high theoretical specific capacity. However, its insulating nature causes sluggish electron transport, hindering it from reaching theoretical capacity. Herein, we prepared NiCo2O4 nanowires (NiCo2O4 NWs) on carbon papers (CPs) by hydrothermal method. The structural characterization shows that a large number of

High-power energy storage devices are required for many emerging technologies. The rate capability of existing energy storage devices are inadequate to fulfill the requirement of fast charging and discharging while maintaining suitable long-term stability and energy density. This is readily apparent when evaluating the current anode of choice, graphite, which does not have an acceptable high-rate capability

A quantitative characterization of methane (CH4) adsorption on coal with different pressure and temperatures, and a better understanding of the mechanism of the interaction energy and coal swelling is of great significance for the commercial extraction of coal bed methane (CBM). Therefore, CH4 adsorption isotherms of anthracite with temperature ranging from 273 K to 323 K have been simulated and tested

Accurate estimation of CH4 absolute adsorption amount is essential for shale gas-in-place (GIP) evaluation as well as well productivity. Recent studies have shown that pore size distribution (PSD) plays an important role in the determination of the absolute adsorption. However, previous studies only contain some discretized pore sizes, while a continuous PSD has not been fully taken into account. In

Coal gasification fine ash (CGFA) having high carbon content is produced in large quantity as a by-product from coal gasifiers in China. CGFA is usually disposed of by landfill as a solid waste, which is not only detrimental to environment, but also a loss of an enormous energy that renders the process inefficient. Therefore, it is very crucial to make use of the high-carbon content in the CGFA with

The production of methane (CH4) from natural-gas hydrate deposits via molecular replacement by injected, thermodynamically more favourable, carbon dioxide (CO2) is a promising method of energy production and carbon sequestration. However, the viability of this technique is constrained by mass-transfer limitations, which are in turn associated with diffusion of the injected CO2 into the hydrate-bearing