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Applied petrochemical research: final issue Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-11-03 Hamid A. Al-Megren,Arno de Klerk
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La-Faujasite zeolite activated with boron trifluoride: synthesis and application as solid acid catalyst for isobutane–isobutene alkylation Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-09-28 David Bolonio, Yolanda Sánchez-Palencia, María-Jesús García-Martínez, Marcelo F. Ortega, José Eugenio Ortiz, Jorge Costafreda, Laureano Canoira
The sodium form of Faujasite Y (Na-FAU) zeolite has been synthesized by the hydrothermal method, and it has been exchanged with ammonium sulphate and later with lanthanum (III) chloride solutions to obtain the La-FAU catalyst. The three zeolites Na-FAU, NH4+-FAU and La-FAU have been characterized by microcrystalline X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, surface area, pore volume and Brönsted acid
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Evaluation of hybrid solvents featuring choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents and ethanol as extractants for the liquid–liquid extraction of benzene from n-hexane: towards a green and sustainable paradigm Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-09-25 Mohammed Awwalu Usman, Olumide Kayode Fagoroye, Toluwalase Olufunmilayo Ajayi
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have high viscosities, but known to be mitigated by addition of suitable co-solvent. The effect of such co-solvent on the extraction efficiency of the hybrid solvent is hardly known. This study examined the effect of ethanol on three choline chloride-based DESs (glyceline, reline, and ethaline) by mixing each in turn with ethanol in various volume proportions. The hybrid
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Trending approaches on demulsification of crude oil in the petroleum industry Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-09-15 Kehinde Temitope Alao, Oluwaseun Ruth Alara, Nour Hamid Abdurahman
The complicated nature of crude oil emulsions is part of the major setbacks associated with the postulation of methods for phase separation and demulsification in the oil industry. Despite the increasing efforts in generating efficient and dependable demulsification methods, the majority of emulsions cannot be shattered in reduced times. This review examines the trending techniques of crude oil demulsification
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Synthesis and study of aroylethyl(ethyl)-xanthates as stabilizers of polymeric materials Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-09-14 Tanzila Akchurina, Sabira Sardarova, Khuraman Efendiyeva, Irada Eyvazova, Vagif Farzaliyev, Afsun Sujayev
The number of aroylethyl (ethyl)xanthates have been synthesized by the reaction of the exchange decomposition of β-dimethylaminopropiophenone hydrochlorides with potassium xanthate containing several functional groups (C=O, C=S, C–OH), which determine the use of these xanthates as stabilizers with internal synergy to polymeric materials. It was shown that the thermal stability of the compounds, depending
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Industrially relevant ethylene trimerization catalysts and processes Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-09-12 Salian, Subhas Madavu, Bagui, Mahuya, Jasra, Raksh Vir
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Towards fuel antioxidants of new types Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-08-13 Veliyeva, Leyla, Sadıqova, Arzu, Israfilova, Zubeyda, Rzaeva, Irada, Kurbanova, Malahat, Farzaliyev, Vagif, Maharramov, Abel, Sujayev, Afsun
To find novel classes of potential fuel additives of multivalent activity, particularly antioxidants, a series of recently synthesized ethyl-6-amino-5-cyan-methyl-4-aryl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylates have been investigated using model oxidative reactions. The compounds studied appear to be prospective inhibitors of hydrocarbons oxidation. Some of them are antioxidants of combined action, breaking the chains
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The effect of support on RhFe/Al2O3 for ethanol synthesis via CO hydrogenation Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-07-21 Fang Li, Weixing Qian
Different alumina samples prepared with sol–gel, chemical precipitation and hydrothermal synthesis were used as supports of Fe-promoted Rh-based catalysts for ethanol synthesis via CO hydrogenation. The samples were characterized by means of N2-adsorpotion, XRD, H2-TPR, XPS, STEM, H2-TPD, DRIFTS, H2 and CO chemisorption. The results indicated that the Al2O3 prepared by hydrothermal synthesis exhibited
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Laboratory evaluation of caricaceae plant as a locally sourced surfactant for gas hydrate inhibition in a laboratory mini flow loop Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-06-12 Virtue Urunwo Elechi, Sunday Sunday Ikiensikimama, Joseph Atubokiki Ajienka, Onyewuchi Emmanuel Akaranta, Okon Efiong Okon
The oil and gas business is serious business and involves millions of dollars so whatever mitigates flow assurance is taken seriously. One of such things is natural gas hydrates. Hydrates are crystalline solids formed when water under low temperatures and high pressures encapsulated natural gases (C1–C4). They form blockages and impede the flow of gas which can lead to the loss of millions of dollars
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Effect of the chemical composition of six hydrotreated light cycle oils for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene production by a hydrocracking process Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-06-03 Georgina C. Laredo, Ricardo Águeda-Rangel, Alfonso García-López, José Luis García-Gutiérrez, Eli Hazel Olmos-Cerda
The effect of the chemical composition of the hydrotreated light cycle oil (HDT LCO) on the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) production by a hydrocracking (HCK) procedure, is presented. Six different types of HDT LCOs were obtained by submitting two types of LCOs to hydrotreating (HDT) with different catalysts and experimental conditions. The products were analyzed as mono-, di- and
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Dehydroaromatization of methane over noble metal loaded Mo/H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-05-03 Themba E. Tshabalala, Neil J. Coville, James A. Anderson, Michael S. Scurrell
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Evaluation of triethanolamine-cashew nutshell liquid derivatives as crude oil emulsion breakers Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-04-07 C. O. Victor-Oji, U. J. Chukwu, O. Akaranta
Three bio-based crude oil emulsion breakers have been prepared from agricultural waste by chemical treatment of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) extract with triethanolamine via a one-pot reaction at 120 ℃. The triethanolamine-ester derivatives were characterized by Fourier Transform–InfraRed spectroscopy. Their effectiveness as crude oil emulsion breakers were investigated experimentally using the bottle
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Pour point depression and flow improvement of waxy crude oil using polyethylene glycol esters of cashew nut shell liquid Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-04-01 William Iheanyi Eke, Sampson Kofi Kyei, Ozioma Achugasim, Joseph Atubokiki Ajienka, Onyewuchi Akaranta
Wax crystallization and deposition is a major flow assurance problem in production and transportation of waxy crude oil. Conventional flow improvers are mainly high molecular weight synthetic polymers, many of which are eco-toxic. Bio-based flow improvers derived from natural products are promising as inexpensive, eco-friendly alternatives to existing products. In this study, natural cashew nut shell
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A meta-analysis of multi-factors leading to performance challenges across Nigeria’s state-owned refineries Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-03-26 Obinna Iheukwumere, David Moore, Temitope Omotayo
This paper measured the significant factors leading to performance challenges across state-owned refineries in Nigeria based on experts’ views. The study was carried out with a view of making policy recommendations to help address these issues and thereby improve performance. A quantitative approach was adopted to sample the viewpoints of the professionals who work across the NNPC refineries. Using
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Binary mixtures of choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents as green extractants for the extraction of benzene from n -hexane Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-03-24 Mohammed Awwalu Usman, Olumide Kayode Fagoroye, Toluwalase Olufunmilayo Ajayi, Abiola John Kehinde
A suitable green solvent for extraction of aromatics from aliphatics must possess good solvation and physicochemical properties, a rare occurrence in a single deep eutectic solvent (DES). Mixture of DESs could enable synergy and provide a good candidate extractant. In this study, DESs of glyceline, ethaline, and reline were synthesized and their binary mixtures (glyceline/ethaline, reline/ethaline
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Optimized formulation of thermoresponsive nanoemulsion-based gel for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-03-11 Natália Cristina Dalibera, Maria Helena Ambrosio Zanin, Kleber Lanigra Guimaraes, Leonardo Alencar de Oliveira, Adriano Marim de Oliveira
A thermoresponsive system of a nanoemulsion-based gel with favorable characteristics to enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application is presented. A full factorial design study with different formulations of thermosensitive nanoemulsion-based gels was performed to assess the influence of the oil chain length, concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and concentration of oil on the rheological behavior
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Development of semi-synthetic catalyst based on clay and their use in catalytic cracking of petroleum residue Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-03-09 Oumarou Abdoulaye Dan Makaou, Soumahoro Gueu, Marou Gourouza, Kouassi Benjamin Yao
Two semi-synthetic clay-based catalysts were prepared. These catalysts were obtained by incorporating lanthanum oxide (Cat1) and chromium oxide (Cat2). They were then tested for catalytic cracking of a heavy petroleum residue (fuel). The two formulations were carried out in the presence of silica to improve their acidity then underwent an acid activation. The catalysts obtained were characterized by
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Boehmite nanopowder recovered from aluminum cans waste as a potential adsorbent for the treatment of oilfield produced water Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-03-09 Adel Abdelkader, Basem M. Hussien, Eman M. Fawzy, Asma A. Ibrahim
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Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds: quantitative analysis using gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detector Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-03-06 Yuan Rao, Arno de Klerk
The nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds found in the petrochemical industry are varied and extend beyond classes such as the anilines, pyrroles and pyridines. Quantification of these nitrogen-containing compounds that may occur in complex mixtures has practical application for quality assurance, process development and the evaluation of conversion processes. Selective detection of nitrogen-containing
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Effect of the catalyst in the BTX production by hydrocracking of light cycle oil Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-03-02 Georgina C. Laredo, José L. García-Gutiérrez, Patricia Pérez-Romo, Eli H. Olmos-Cerda
Catalysts to produce the important petrochemicals like benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) from refinery feedstocks, like light cycle oil (LCO) are reviewed here by covering published papers using model mixtures and real feeds. Model compounds experiments like tetralin and naphthalene derivatives provided a 53–55% total BTX yield. Higher yields were never attained due to the inevitable gas formation
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Ni-γ-AL 2 O 3 catalysts for obtaining nanocarbon by decomposition of natural gas Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-02-04 Hikmet Ibrahimov, Sara Malikli, Zenfira Ibrahimova, Rahim Babali, Sevinc Aleskerova
γ-Al2O3 was synthesized by the Sol–gel method, Ni (NO3)2 was placed in the pores by the impregnation method, and Ni-γ-Al2O3 was obtained by pyrolysis in a hydrogen stream in a CVD device. By the method of chemical vapors phase deposition (CVD) on Ni-Al2O3 catalytic converter with decomposition of methane in the natural gas produced carbon nanotubes (CNT) (Chunduri et al. in Mater Express 4(3):235–241
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Sustainable development and enhancement of cracking processes using metallic composites Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Abimbola G. Olaremu, Williams R. Adedoyin, Odunayo T. Ore, Adedapo O. Adeola
Metallic composites represent a vital class of materials that has gained increased attention in crude oil processing as well as the production of biofuel from other sources in recent times. Several catalytic materials have been reported in the literature for catalytic cracking, particularly, of crude oil. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging methods/technologies
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ASPEN plus simulation of liquid–liquid equilibria data for the extraction of aromatics from waste tyre pyrolysis gasoline using organic and deep eutectic solvents: a comparative study Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Mohammed Awwalu Usman, Olumide Kayode Fagoroye, Toluwalase Olufunmilayo Ajayi, Abiola John Kehinde
Waste tyre pyrolysis gasoline (WTPG) contain significant amount of aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX) and thus provide a good source for these value-added chemicals. Separation of aromatics from aliphatic media as obtained in WTPG and naphtha is done commercially by solvent extraction using volatile organic solvents such as sulfolane (SUF), dimethylformamide (DMF) and diethylene glycol
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Correlation and prediction of solubility of hydrogen in alkenes and its dissolution properties Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Mohammad Jamali, Amir Abbas Izadpanah, Masoud Mofarahi
In this work, solubility of hydrogen in some alkenes was investigated at different temperatures and pressures. Solubility values were calculated using the Peng–Robinson equation of state. Binary interaction parameters were calculated using fitting the equation of state on experimental data, Group contribution method and Moysan correlations and total average absolute deviation for these methods was
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Efficient approach to produce functional polypropylene via solvent assisted solid-phase free radical grafting of multi-monomers Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Dengfei Wang, Jian Wang, Shuyan He, Yibin Yan, Jianwei Zhang, Jie Dong
Herein an efficient approach to produce functional polypropylene via solvent assisted solid-phase grafting process is reported, in which acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride are used as multi-monomers, 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) as initiator and ether as swelling solvent and carrier. The effects of various factors such as the swelling solvent species and dosage, swelling time
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Transhydrogenation of pentane with 1,5- and 2,4-hexadiene over CrO x /Al 2 O 3 Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-11-22 Mustapha D. Garba, S. David Jackson
Transhydrogenation of pentane (P) and 1,5-hexadiene (1,5HD) and pentane and 2,4-hexadiene (2,4HD) was studied over a CrOx/alumina catalyst at 523–773 K. Thermodynamic stability differences between the conjugated (2,4-hexadiene) and non-conjugated (1,5-hexadiene) isomers indicated that transhydrogenation was favoured between pentane and 1,5-hexadiene but not pentane and 2,4-hexadiene (+ ve ∆G). At 773 K
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The alkylation of oil fractions rich in aromatic hydrocarbons with C 6 , C 8 and C 10 α - olefins in the presence of ionic liquids catalytic systems Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-11-16 R. V. Aliyeva, Y. M. Babashova, M. J. Khamiyev, Sh. R. Bagirova, H. R. Azizbeyli
The article is dedicated to the development of processes for (oligo)alkylation of petroleum fractions rich in aromatic hydrocarbons, with α-olefins (hexene-1, octene-1, decene-1) in the presence of ionic-liquid catalytic systems and the study of the properties of the products obtained. Alkylation reactions were carried out in the presence of chloroaluminate ionic liquids; for the first time a (nano)metal-polymer
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Characterization of the Tunisian petroleum refineries caustic effluent Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Aymen Souilhi, Salma Besbes Hentati, Mohamed Rzaigui
A heterogeneous spent soda effluent generated from Tunisian petroleum refineries has been filtrated and separated in four solid fractions with a particle diameter of 160 to 100, 100 to 40, 40 to 16 and 16 to 10 µm and the fifth one with diameters < 10 µm obtained after total evaporation of the remained filtrate. Spectroscopic characterizations of the condensed phases by means of X-ray induced photoelectron
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Desulfurization studies of liquid fuels through nickel-modified porous materials from Pongamia pinnata Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Zakiullah Zaidi, Laxmi Gayatri Sorokhaibam
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Synthesis and use of carvedilol metal complexes as carbon dioxide storage media Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-09-29 Omar G. Mousa, Emad Yousif, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Gamal A. El‐Hiti, Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi, Dina S. Ahmed
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Carboxylic acid recovery from Fischer–Tropsch aqueous product by fractional freezing Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-09-20 Nuvaid Ahad, Arno de Klerk
About half of the product from iron-based high-temperature Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is an aqueous product containing dissolved oxygenates. Volatile oxygenates can be recovered by distillation, but the bulk of the carboxylic acids remain in the water, which is called acid water. Fractional freezing was explored as a process for producing a more concentrated carboxylic acid solution from which the carboxylic
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Photochemical investigation of aromatic hydrocarbons of Balakhani crude oil as petroleum luminophores Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Ulviyya Yolchuyeva, Rena Japharova, Amir Reza Vakhshouri, Matlab Khamiyev, Chimnaz Salmanova, Gunay Khamiyeva
In this paper, the photochemical conversion process of aromatic hydrocarbons in Balakhani oil well (BO) as a case study was investigated. To study the composition of BO, first, it has been separated into the first, second, third, and fourth groups of aromatics using chromatography absorption column. It has been established that the composition of the separated groups is mainly composed of mono-, tri-
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Ternary liquid–liquid equilibrium data for n-Hexane-Benzene-DES (choline chloride/ethylene glycol, choline chloride/glycerol, choline chloride/urea) at 303 K and 101.3 kPa Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-08-09 Mohammed Awwalu Usman, Olumide Kayode Fagoroye, Toluwalase Olufunmilayo Ajayi, Abiola John Kehinde
In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared using choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and ethylene glycol (EG) or glycerol (GLY) or urea (U) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and were evaluated as solvents in the extraction of benzene from n-hexane. Six of such solvents were prepared using different molar ratios of HBA: HBD and code named DES1, DES2, DES3, DES4, DES5 and DES6
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“The behavior of some terpolymers as lubricating oil additives” Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Reham I. El-shazly, Rasha S. Kamal, Amal M. Nassar, Nehal S. Ahmed, Galal H. Sayed
In this work, we prepared different alkyl acrylates by esterifying acrylic acid with different alcohols (decanol, dodecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol). Anilimide was then produced by the reaction of aniline with maleic anhydride. Different teropolymers were prepared by polymerization reaction of anilimide, different alkyl acrylate esters and olefins in different ratios. The thermal stability of
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Zeolite-based catalysts for the removal of trace olefins from aromatic streams Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-08-05 Jakkidi Krishna Reddy, Shruti Lad, Kshudiram Mantri, Jagannath Das, Ganesan Raman, Raksh Vir Jasra
Abstract Removal of trace olefins from aromatic liquids was investigated on UZM-8 and MCM-22, which are the family of MWW zeolites. Both these zeolites were synthesized with similar Si/Al ratio and characterized by various techniques such as XRD, SEM, ICP, N2 adsorption, Ammonia TPD and solid-state MAS-NMR. Olefin conversion activity over UZM-8 was found to be significantly higher than that of MCM-22
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Experimental study and thermodynamic modelling of ethylene absorption in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-07-13 Mohammad Yousefi, Shima Azizi, S. M. Peyghambarzadeh, Zoha Azizi
Determining the solubility of gases in solvents and considering non-idealities at different operating conditions are essential to design a cost-effective and energy-efficient absorption process. In this work, using a lab-made set-up, solubility of ethylene in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was measured at different temperatures (278.15, 298.15, and 328.15 K) and pressures up to 14 bar, and the kinetic
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Evaluating petrol engine oil deterioration through oxidation and nitration parameters by low-cost IR sensor Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-06-22 H. M. Shinde, A. K. Bewoor
For the proper working of the internal combustion engine, engine oil plays a significant role. The performance of the engine is greatly affected by oil that has degenerated. In order to determine the optimal gap between oil changes, it is crucial to measure the deterioration in the engine oil. Multiple parameters like oxidation, nitration, viscosity and so on are brought into use. One of the methods
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Valsartan metal complexes as capture and reversible storage media for methane Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-06-06 Liqaa H. Najim, Gamal A. El-Hiti, Dina S. Ahmed, Alaa Mohammed, Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi, Emad Yousif
Three valsartan metal (tin, nickel, and magnesium) complexes were examined as capture and storage media for methane under high temperature (323 K) and pressure (50 bar) conditions. The surface morphology of the complexes were examined using Field emission scanning electron microscopy and displayed porous structures comprising particles of different shapes and sizes. The narrow pore-size distribution
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Highly selective and stable Zn–Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst for aromatization of propane Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-05-18 Gbenga Godwin Oseke, Abdulazeez Yusuf Atta, Bello Mukhtar, Baba Yakubu Jibril, Benjamin Olorunfemi Aderemi
Light alkane aromatization for aromatic compound production, used in petrochemical industries is an attractive area of research. The effect of second metal co-impregnation was investigated in stabilizing zinc on ZSM-5 in aromatization of propane. HZSM-5 was modified with zinc and iron metal by co wet-impregnation and characterized using XRF, XRD, BET, N2-adsorption, FTIR, FTIR-Pyridine, SEM, TEM, H2-TPR
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Mesoporous Ce–Zr mixed oxides for selective oxidation of styrene in liquid phase Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-05-18 P. R. G. Nallappa Reddy, Bolla Govinda Rao, Tumula Venkateshwar Rao, Benjaram M. Reddy
This work reports the synthesis of mesoporous Ce1-x-ZrxO2-δ (x = 0.5 and 0.8) mixed oxides with distinct Ce/Zr mole ratio by inverse micelle template method and their catalytic exploration for epoxidation of styrene in isopropanol solvent using TBHP as the oxidant. Among various catalysts investigated, the Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 combination catalyst exhibited best catalytic activity with ~ 98% conversion and ~ 90%
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Computation of effectiveness factor for methanol steam reforming over Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst pellet Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Abayomi O. Olatunde, Olaosebikan A. Olafadehan, Mohammed A. Usman
A mathematical model was developed for a diffusion–reaction process in a spherical catalyst pellet contained in a heterogeneous packed bed reactor. The model developed was solved to predict the effectiveness factor and also to perform sensitivity analysis for steam reforming of methanol on Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst a source of hydrogen fuel. The method of orthogonal collocation was used to solve the resulting
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Isothermal study of asphaltene adsorption over 4A, 13X, ZSM-5, clinoptilolite zeolites, and phoslock Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-04-28 Maryam Baninaam, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Ahmad Reza Abbasian
The paper reports the adsorption studies of asphaltenes of Iran’s heavy crude oil on some natural and synthetic alumino-silicates. Asphaltenes were precipitated using n-heptane. Toluene was used as a precipitating solvent of asphaltenes and several zeolites including 4A, ZSM-5, Clinoptilolite, and La-modified bentonite (Phoslock) as adsorbents. FTIR analysis indicated the asphaltenes which comprise
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Effect of the experimental conditions on BTX formation from hydrotreated light cycle oil Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-03-25 Georgina C. Laredo, Patricia Pérez-Romo, Ricardo Agueda-Rangel, Alfonso García-López
The study of a light cycle oil (LCO) upgrading alternative involving hydrotreating and hydrocracking/transalkylation procedures for obtaining a benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) enriched fraction is presented. The research work was focused on the effect of the experimental conditions on the hydrocracking of an hydrotreated light cycle oil (HDT LCO) in order to produce the highest amounts of BTX, when
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Cooperative effect of cobalt and zeolite in controlling activity and stability of a catalytic Fischer–Tropsch process Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2020-02-20 Liliya V. Sineva, Ekaterina Yu. Asalieva, Ekaterina V. Kulchakovskaya, Kirill O. Gryaznov, Vladimir Z. Mordkovich
The use of zeolites in Co-catalysts of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) results in cooperative effect in the form of sudden increase of the zeolite activity in catalysing secondary transformations of FTS-generated hydrocarbons at unusually low temperatures in the range of 170–260 °C. In addition, hydrophobic zeolites in H-form allow changing the hydrophobicity of the pore walls and influence capillary
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Adsorptive desulfurization of diesel using activated sewage sludge: kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics studies Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-12-07 David Stan Aribike, Mohammed Awwalu Usman, Mojirade M. Oloruntoba
Combustion of fossil fuels gives rise to sulfur oxides, which are harmful to the environment. Adsorptive desulfurization (ADS) of diesel was conducted using sewage sludge activated with H2O2 as the oxidizing agent. A full 22 central composite response surface design was employed to determine optimum conditions for the production of activated sewage sludge (ASS). The adsorbent (ASS) was characterized
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DRIFTS study of Fe promoter effect on Rh/Al 2 O 3 catalyst for C 2 oxygenates synthesis from syngas Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-11-11 Fang Li, Weixing Qian
DRIFTS experiments such as CO adsorption, CO-TPSR and CO+H2 were designated to study the effect of Fe promoter on the key steps of C2 oxygenates formation from syngas. The CO adsorption results demonstrated that Fe weakened CO adsorption and especially the bridging adsorption. It was found in CO-TPSR experiments that the catalyst with lower Fe loading is more easily dissociated while the ones with
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Hydrocracking process of fuel oil using halloysite modified by different methods Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-11-05 Aisha Hasanova, Arzu Alizade, Rana Ahmadova, Gulbaniz Mukhtarova, Vagif Abbasov
The presented article shows the studies of hydrocracking process of fuel oil with the purpose of obtaining light oil products (benzene and diesel fractions) from heavy oil residues (fuel oil), thus, deepening the refining of oil. The hydrocracking of fuel oil was conducted in the presence of halloysite modified with transition metals (Mo, Ni). Toward this end, halloysite was modified by two different
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Effect of the catalytic system and operating conditions on BTX formation using tetralin as a model molecule Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-11-01 Georgina C. Laredo, Patricia Pérez-Romo, Pedro M. Vega-Merino, Elva Arzate-Barbosa, Alfonso García-López, Ricardo Agueda-Rangel, Victor H. Martínez-Moreno
Light cycle oil (LCO) is an inexpensive feedstock for the production of high-added-commercial-value-mono-aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX). To extend the knowledge on the processing of LCO for BTX production, the hydrocracking reaction was studied using a commercial NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst, ZSM-5 zeolite and their mechanical mixtures (20/80, 30/70 and 50/50) for processing tetralin
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Synthesis of phosphates for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fracturing fluid Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-10-29 Pengfei Chen, Honggang Chang, Gang Xiong, Yan Zhang, Xueqin Zheng
Herein, a study of phosphate synthesis reactions with triethyl phosphate, phosphorous pentoxide and mixed alcohols is described. The synthesized phosphates are used as gelling agents in LPG fracturing fluids. By this study, a phosphate product with good performance has been obtain by screening different combination of alcohols and various reaction conditions including the ratios of reactants, reaction
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SEM morphological analysis of irradiated polystyrene film doped by a Schiff base containing a 1,2,4-triazole ring system Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-09-30 Ahmed A. Ahmed, Dina S. Ahmed, Gamal A. El-Hiti, Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi, Hassan Hashim, Emad Yousif
A Schiff base containing the 1,2,4-triazole moiety was synthesized and added to polystyrene at low concentration for a homogenous blend. The polystyrene film was irradiated with ultraviolet light and the surface morphology was analyzed. Micrographs of the polystyrene/Schiff base blend after irradiation indicated the fabrication of a terrestrial crack-like material. This was ascribed to the presence
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Hydrogen and carbon dioxide recovery from the petrochemical flare gas to methanol production using adsorption and absorption combined high-efficient method Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-07-23 Ali Zare, Mina Khanipour, Hojjat Khorrami Sarverstani, Iman Ahmadi Kakavandi, Ehsan Javadi Shokroo, Mehdi Farniaei, Mehdi Baghbani
AbstractToday, one of the challenging issues all over the world is the global warming which can be attributed to the emission of greenhouse gases into the environment as well as burning of gases in flare gas stream of industrial units. The latter can not only cause environmental problems but also is accompanied by wasting a great deal of energy. To deal with the aforementioned issue, the flare gas
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Effect of compressibility factor on the hydrodynamics of naphtha catalytic-reforming reactors Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-07-16 Aminu Zakari Yusuf, Yakubu Mandafiya John, Benjamin Olufemi Aderemi, Raj Patel, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
A detailed steady-state catalytic-reforming unit (CRU) reactor process model is simulated in this work, and for the first time, different compressibility Z factor correlations have been applied using gPROMS software. The CRU has been modeled and simulated with the assumption that the gas phase behaves like an ideal gas. This is assumed for the four reactors in series and for different conditions of
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Catalytic reforming of gaseous products from pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene over iron-modified ZSM-5 catalysts Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-06-20 Abubakar Y. Waziri, Aisha A. Osigbesan, Fadimatu N. Dabai, Suleiman M. Shuwa, Abdulazeez Y. Atta, Baba Y. Jibril
Converting plastic wastes into fuels through catalytic cracking is continuously gaining interest from researchers worldwide. In this study, the influence of iron on ZSM-5 (Fe-ZSM-5) catalyst on the reforming of the gaseous products of thermal decomposition of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was investigated. The acidified ZSM-5 catalysts (0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1 wt% of Fe) were prepared and characterized
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Transhydrogenation of pentane and 1-hexyne over CrO x /Al 2 O 3 and potassium-doped CrO x /Al 2 O 3 catalysts Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-06-19 Mustapha D. Garba, S. David Jackson
The transhydrogenation of pentane (P) and 1-hexyne (1HY) was investigated over 4% CrOx/Al2O3 and potassium-doped 4% CrOx/Al2O3 catalysts over a range of temperatures (523–773 K) with a 5:1 P:1HY ratio. Over the CrOx/Al2O3 catalyst, transhydrogenation clearly occurred at temperatures below 625 K where the yield of alkenes was higher for the co-fed system than for a combination of the individual yields
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Super acid-catalyzed polymerization of phenothiazine and modified isatin Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-06-11 Bharatraj Kasi, Vajjiravel Murugesan, Neelakandan Kaliaperumal
Novel substituted series of aromatic copolymers was obtained by one-spot, metal-free super acid-catalyzed one-step polymerization of substituted isatin and phenothiazine. The polymerization reaction was performed at room temperature in the presence of Bronsted superacid (trifluoromethanesulfonic acid) and methylene chloride which condenses the compounds consists of carbonyl group (aldehydes and ketones)
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Experimental investigation of wax deposition from waxy oil mixtures Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-05-14 Mojtaba Mansourpoor, Reza Azin, Shahriar Osfouri, Amir Abbas Izadpanah
Wax deposition is a common problem in oil pipelines and production systems. In this study, impact of water cut, mixing rate, chemical inhibitor, and time on wax deposition were investigated in a cold finger setup. Effect of different chemical inhibitors on wax appearance temperature (WAT) was studied using viscometry and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Results suggested that WAT reduced
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Transition metal-substituted Keggin-type polyoxometalates as catalysts for adipic acid production Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-04-09 Sihem Mouanni, Dahbia Amitouche, Tassadit Mazari, Cherifa Rabia
The adipic acid (AA) production was carried out in two stages: oxidation of cyclohexanone (-one) by Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM), followed by oxidation of this latter by hydrogen peroxide. The process lasts 20 h and the temperature is maintained at 90 °C. AA is then recovered by cold crystallization (4 °C). The POMs have as formula HMPMo12O40 (M:Co, Ni, Mn, Cu or Zn). The materials were characterized
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MCM-41-supported vanadium catalysts structurally modified with Al or Zr for thiophene hydrodesulfurization Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Yelisbeth Escalante, Franklin J. Méndez, Yraida Díaz, Marcel Inojosa, Myloa Morgado, Miguel Delgado, Ernesto Bastardo-González, Joaquín L. Brito
Vanadium catalysts supported on Al(Zr)-MCM-41-type materials were prepared by impregnation. Textural and structural properties, elemental composition and electronic structure were determined by N2 physisorption, small-angle XRD, SEM–EDX and UV–vis DRS, respectively. Al-containing materials showed mostly of Al framework and a small fraction of Al extra-framework species. Zr-containing materials presented
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High-quality fuel distillates produced from oligomerization of light olefin over supported phosphoric acid on H-Zeolite-Y Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Mohammed C. Al-Kinany, Saud A. Al-Drees, Hamid A. Al -Megren, Saeed M. Alshihri, Eyad A. Alghilan, Feras A. Al-Shehri, Abdulmohsin S. Al-Hamdan, Abdullah J. Alghamdi, Sami D. Al-Dress
Oligomerization of isobutene to produce high-quality fuel distillates in the range of gasoline, jet fuel and diesel free of sulfur, nitrogen and aromatic hydrocarbons has been investigated over a new environmental-friendly, clean and long-lifetime supported phosphoric acid on H-Zeolite-Y catalyst with SiO2/Al2O3 mol ratio of 60. The catalyst was obtained by acid impregnation and ultrasonic vibration
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Enhancement of mesophase formation in paraffinic-rich clarified oil using transition metal catalysts (Cr and Cu) Appl. Petrochem. Res. Pub Date : 2019-01-04 Subhash Kumar, Manoj Srivastava
In the present work, we have made attempts to prepare petroleum pitches from paraffinic-rich clarified oil (CLO) by giving thermal treatment at 370 °C in the presence of Cu and Cr catalysts. The feed CLO is predominantly paraffinic in nature, so it takes fairly large thermal soaking time (21 h) to convert into pitch having mesophase content below countable limits. To increase the mesophase content