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Address from the Editorial Office Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-29
Dear Colleagues, Welcome to the first issue of Fuel Cells – From Fundamentals to Systems in 2024. With this issue the journal is heading off for volume 24. We hope this year we can continue to bring more excellent research in electrochemical systems with a full spectrum of special and topical issues planned alongside regular issues. We are happy to see the improvement of the journal's Impact Factor
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Implementation and optimization of perturbation currents for vehicular proton exchange membrane fuel cells online electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Xiaojie Zhang, Tong Zhang, Huicui Chen
This paper presents an implementation method of perturbation currents for vehicular proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) online electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The topology of the parallel dual-boost DC/DC converter system for the EIS measurement is presented. The DCdc and DCac modules in the converter system implement the DC current and the sinusoidal EIS perturbation
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The impact of baffle and taper channel tilt angle on the output performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Tiancai Cheng, Qiang Liu, Guangjun Jiang, Qi Zhao, Dongming Mu
The performance and durability of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are constrained by fuel delivery and water management. Based on parallel and serpentine flow fields, the effects of triangular baffles (30°, 45°, and 60°) and conical runners (1°, 2°, and 3°) on the performance output of PEMFC at different angles are studied. The three-dimensional and multi-phase models are established by
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Paper-structured catalyst with a dispersion of ceria-based oxide support for improving the performance of an SOFC fed with simulated biogas Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Phuc Hoan Tu, Mio Sakamoto, Duc Minh Trinh Dinh, Tin Chanh Duc Doan, Mau Chien Dang, Yusuke Shiratori
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can accept a direct feed of biogas for power generation; however, carbon deposition is a major obstacle to their practical application. When a paper-structured catalyst (PSC) with a dispersion of Ni-loaded flowerlike Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 (Ni/CZ(F)) was applied to the anode of an electrolyte-supported cell (ESC), the open-circuit voltage of the cell directly fed simulated biogas
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Investigation of high-entropy alloy derived spinel-based layer for SOFC cathode-side contact application Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-07 Yutian Yu, Youchen Lin, Ruizhu Li, Jingxuan Hao, Yue Lu, Chengzhi Guan, Guoping Xiao, Jian-Qiang Wang
A simulated interconnect/contact/cathode/cathode support test cell is fabricated to investigate the effectiveness of the high-entropy alloy as the contact material on the microstructure and the performance of the converted spinel-based layer. Although the CuMnNiFeCo alloy powder is selected as the contact precursor, it showed good sinterability after sintering at 900°C for 2 h in air. The electrical
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Solid Oxide Technologies for Fuel Cells, Electrolyzers, Electrochemical Reactors and for CO2 Emission Reduction and Reuse (EFCF 2022) Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Julie Mougin, Jérôme Laurencin, Olivier Bucheli, Petra Bele
The 15th European SOFC & SOE Forum (EFCF2022), featuring Solid Oxide Technologies, Fuel Cells (SOFC), Electrolyzers (SOE), Electrochemical Reactors, CO2 Emission Reduction and Reuse, took place 5 -8 July 2023 in Lucerene, Switzerland, and was chaired by Julie Mougin and Jérôme Laurencin, both from the CEA, French Atomic and Alternative Energies Commission, Grenoble, France. After a virtual 14th edition
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Solid oxide electrolysis stack development and upscaling Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 S. Di Iorio, T. Monnet, G. Palcoux, L. Ceruti, J. Mougin
Solid oxide electrolysis is considered an efficient technology to produce hydrogen. To deploy electrolysers at the GW scale, an increase in the individual component size (cells and stacks in particular) is required. The integration of larger cells (200 cm2 active area) into 25-cell stacks has been successfully performed. Performances were in the range of –0.8 to –0.9 A cm−2 at 1.3 V at 700°C. The number
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Comparison of a solid oxide cell with nickel/gadolinium-doped ceria fuel electrode during operation with hydrogen/steam and carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Cedric Grosselindemann, Felix Kullmann, Tibor Lehnert, Oliver Fritz, Franz-Martin Fuchs, André Weber
Solid oxide cells (SOCs) offer the possibility to operate on hydrogen/steam (H2/H2O), carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide (CO/CO2), and mixtures thereof in the fuel cell as well as in the electrolyzer mode. In this study, the electrochemical processes in an electrolyte-supported SOC exhibiting a Law Srx Coy Fez O(3-δ) air electrode and a nickel/gadolinium-doped ceria (Ni/CGO) fuel electrode (FE) were analyzed
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Development and full system testing of novel co-impregnated La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 anodes for commercial combined heat and power units Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Robert Price, Holger Bausinger, Gino Longo, Ueli Weissen, Mark Cassidy, Jan G. Grolig, Andreas Mai, John T. S. Irvine
Over the past decade, the University of St Andrews and HEXIS AG have engaged in a highly successful collaborative project aiming to develop and upscale La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 (LSCTA-) anode “backbone” microstructures, impregnated with Ce0.80Gd0.20O1.90 (CG20) and metallic electrocatalysts, providing direct benefits in terms of performance and stability over the current state-of-the-art (SoA) Ni-based
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Stainless steel bipolar plates with rectangular micro channels by additive manufacturing: Effect channel width on fuel cell performance Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Chul Kyu Jin, Jae Hyun Kim, Bong-Seop Lee, Sung Hwan Bae
Stainless steel bipolar plates (BPs) fabricated using innovative additive manufacturing techniques can improve fuel cell performance and reduce costs. A high current density can be obtained using a low-cost membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with low platinum (Pt) loading at the anode, along with BPs with rectangular micro channels. Three types of BPs of serpentine flow field are designed after varying
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Crack detection in fuel cell electrodes using a spatial filtering technique for overcoming noisy backgrounds Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-22 Jason Pfeilsticker, Carlos Baez-Cotto, Michael Ulsh, Scott Mauger
Image processing is a powerful tool that allows for rapid and automated data parsing in settings that occupy large variable spaces and require large data sets. Feature detection on difficultly discerned backgrounds is a subset of image processing that facilitates the extraction of quantitative metrics from otherwise subjective data. Crack detection and quantification is an important capability in polymer
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Demonstration and scale-up of high-temperature electrolysis systems Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Konstantin Schwarze, Thomas Geißler, Michael Nimtz, Robert Blumentritt
High-temperature electrolysis (HTE) is a key to link the electricity sector with other industries and to evolve the electricity transition into a full energy transition. After years of development, HTE is now on the threshold to reach market readiness. The present work shows the latest achievements of Sunfire's development based on the results of the project GrInHy2.0 demonstrating hydrogen production
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Microstructural changes in nickel-ceria fuel electrodes at elevated temperature Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Yanting Liu, Florian Wankmüller, Tibor Peter Lehnert, Martin Juckel, Norbert H. Menzler, André Weber
Durability testing of low temperature solid oxide cells is challenging as degradation phenomena related to microstructural changes like nickel-agglomeration are slow. In the present study, a nickel/gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) fuel electrode with a porous GDC-interlayer towards the zirconia electrolyte was investigated. The electrode, designed for operating temperatures of 600°C, was tested at an elevated
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Optimal oxygen excess ratio tracking of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with uncertainty based on robust model predictive control strategy Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Xin Zhang, Chunlei Zhang, Zhijin Zhang, He Li
To address the challenge of tracking the optimal oxygen excess ratio (OER) in the cell stack cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which is subject to norm-bounded parameter uncertainty and frequent external perturbations, this manuscript provides a novel robust model predictive control strategy with a state feedback control structure and hard constraints. We aim to minimize the
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Integrated Taguchi and response surface methods in geometric and parameter optimization of PEM fuel cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Christabel C. Ngetich, James Mutua, Patrick Kareru, Kabini Karanja, Evan Wanjiru
Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell has emerged as a promising alternative to fossil fuels as it is employed to generate electricity for portable applications with low carbon emissions. However, the high cost of the technology hinders its widespread commercialization. Optimizing PEM fuel cell model parameters is crucial in performance improvement and production cost reduction. This study presents
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Impedance analysis of electrolyte processes in a solid oxide cell Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Felix Kullmann, Cedric Grosselindemann, Luis Salamon, Franz-Martin Fuchs, André Weber
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the distribution of relaxation times are powerful tools to study polarization processes in solid oxide cells (SOC). Commonly the measured polarization resistance is solely attributed to polarization phenomena in the electrodes whereas the electrolyte is assumed to act as purely ohmic series resistance.
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Benchmark study of performances and durability between different stack technologies for high temperature electrolysis Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Jerome Aicart, Alexander Surrey, Lucas Champelovier, Kilian Henault, Chistian Geipel, Oliver Posdziech, Julie Mougin
In the current landscape of high temperature electrolysis, mainly two solid oxide cell (SOC) technologies are being used: electrolyte-supported and cathode-supported SOCs. The geometrical differences, namely the thickness of the electrolyte, can lead to vastly different operating temperatures. Since most phenomena affecting performance and durability remain thermally activated, comparing stack technologies
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Exploring electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to identify and quantify degradation in commercial solid oxide electrolysis stacks Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-17 Daniel B. Drasbæk, Peter Blennow, Thomas Heiredal-Clausen, Jeppe Rass-Hansen, Giovanni Perin, Jens V. T. Høgh, Anne Hauch
In this work, we present a case where electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on stack level enabled the identification of degradation and failure mechanisms in a 75-cell solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack from Topsoe. In a blind test, a defective stack (stack not passing the quality control specifications) prone to degradation was investigated with EIS. The type of stack defects was not
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Oxygen diffusion and surface exchange coefficients measurements under high pressure: Comparative behavior of oxygen deficient versus over-stoichiometric air electrode materials Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Jérôme Laurencin, Jacinthe Gamon, Aurélien Flura, Giuseppe Sdanghi, Sébastien Fourcade, Vaibhav Vibhu, Jean-Marc Bassat
Mixed ionic electronic conductors (MIECs) oxides are used as electrode materials for solid oxide cell (SOC) application, as they combine high electronic conductivity as well as high oxygen diffusivity and oxygen surface exchange coefficients. The ionic transport properties can be directly determined thanks to the isotopic exchange depth profiling (IEDP) method. To date, the reported measurements have
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Pr- and Co-substitution in rare earth nickelates: Application as SOEC air electrodes Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-28 Andreas Egger, Sarah Eisbacher-Lubensky, Kathrin Sampl, Vanja Subotić, Christoph Hochenauer, Werner Sitte, Edith Bucher
In this work, fundamental material properties of compounds in the system (La,Pr)2(Ni,Co)O4+δ as well as their performance as air electrodes in solid oxide electrolysis cells were investigated. Nickelates co-doped with Pr and Co were characterized on a material basis by means of X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry. Conductivity and conductivity relaxation measurements were performed in order to obtain
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LSF films formed on YSZ electrolytes via polymeric precursor deposition for solid oxide fuel cell anode applications Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Buse Bilbey, M. Imran Asghar, Leyla Colakerol Arslan, Peter D. Lund, Aligul Büyükaksoy
Different materials have been applied as anode in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Perovskite structured materials are promising as an alternative electrode material to Ni. Here, we investigated perovskite-structured mixed ionic and electronic conducting material, lanthanum strontium ferrite (LSF), which has typically been used as a cathode material. LSF has also shown potential for an anode in SOFC.
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Characterization of thin metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells fabricated through atmospheric Plasma spraying Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Chun-Huang Tsai, Chang Shiang Yang, Chunliang Chang, Cheng-Yun Fu, Min-Fang Han, Szu-Han Wu
In this study, thin molybdenum-containing, nickel-based metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs) were fabricated through atmospheric plasma spraying and then characterized. We investigated the change in cell performance associated with the reduction of the Ni–Mo support layer thickness from 200 to 80 µm and reduction of the substrate sintering temperature from 1200 to 1000°C. At a cell voltage
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Numerical microstructural optimization for the hydrogen electrode of solid oxide cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Manon Prioux, Eduardo Da Rosa Silva, Maxime Hubert, Julien Vulliet, Johan Debayle, Peter Cloetens, Jérôme Laurencin
A multiscale model has been used to optimize the microstructure of a classical hydrogen electrode made of nickel and yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni-8YSZ). For this purpose, a 3D reconstruction of a reference electrode has been obtained by X-ray nano-holotomography. Then, a large dataset of synthetic microstructures has been generated around this reference with the truncated Gaussian random field method
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A parametric numerical study on the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with intermediate-blocked interdigitated flow field designs Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Fatemeh Bagherighajari, Abbas Moradi Bilondi, Mohammadmahdi Abdollahzadehsangroudi, Ali Hamrang, José Carlos Páscoa
Flow field design is crucial for achieving higher performance in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This study uses a two-phase, multi-component, and three-dimensional model to simulate the performance of PEMFCs that use interdigitated flow field design with intermediate blocks on the cathode side. A detailed parametric study is presented to investigate the effects of various geometric
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Electrochemical and microstructural characterization of the high-entropy perovskite La0.2Pr0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Sr0.2CoO3-δ for solid oxide cell air electrodes Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Patrick Pretschuh, Andreas Egger, Roland Brunner, Edith Bucher
Strontium segregation (coupled to phase decomposition and impurity poisoning) and electrode delamination are two of the most important degradation mechanisms currently limiting the long-term stability of solid oxide fuel cell and electrolysis cell (SOFC and SOEC) air electrodes. The present study aims to demonstrate that air electrodes made of entropy-stabilized multi-component oxides can mitigate
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Solid oxide cell electrolytes deposited by atmospheric suspension plasma spraying at high velocity and high temperature Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-25 Joel Kuhn, Olivera Kesler
Metal-supported solid oxide cells with Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying are routinely found to have open-circuit voltages (OCVs) below the Nernst potential due to gas crossover and combustion resulting from electrolyte defects. To improve splat bonding and reduce coating defects, YSZ electrolytes were fabricated here at >800°C substrate temperatures
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Temperature-controlled microextrusion printing for mesoscale interfacial designing in solid oxide fuel cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-25 Cheng Ding, Haewon Seo, Masashi Kishimoto, Hiroshi Iwai
A temperature-controlled microextrusion printing technique is proposed to realize the increased aspect ratio of mesoscale convex structures at the anode–electrolyte interface in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The rheological properties of the anode ink for microextrusion printing are experimentally measured at various temperatures, and it is found that the viscosity of the ink and the wettability
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Numerical investigation of enhanced mass transfer flow field on performance improvement of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 Lang Cai, Jun Zhang, Caizhi Zhang, Jiaming Zhou, Tao Zeng, Fengyan Yi, Donghai Hu, Xiaosong Zhang
The enhanced mass transfer flow fields have been proven to be an effective measure to improve the cell performance of low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells, yet little research has been done for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC). In this work, three types of cathode-enhanced mass transfer flow fields (tapered, staggered-blocked, and blocked) are designed
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A numerical study on the effects of using combined flow fields and obstacles on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-03 Yuan Chen, Xiaori Liu, Zhonghao Rao
The flow field structure has an important influence on the comprehensive performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This research investigates the effects of combined flow fields on the distribution of species concentration, the pressure drop, and the overall performance of PEMFC based on the polarization curve and power consumption ratio (PCR). Obstacles are arranged in different
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Study on the nonuniform mechanical degradation of membranes considering temperature and relative humidity distribution in proton exchange membrane fuel cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-03-17 Wenqing Liu, Diankai Qiu, Linfa Peng, Xinmin Lai
The membrane usually breaks down at a specific local position due to the mechanical degradation caused by nonuniform hygrothermal conditions in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Many studies have been carried out analyzing the stress and strain on membrane along thickness direction, but few of them considered the stress along the surface. By imposing uneven temperature and water profiles according
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Simulation-based multiobjective management of transient heating process of solid oxide fuel cell Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-03-16 Masoud Hami, Javad Mahmoudimehr
A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) needs to be heated to an appropriate temperature (around 600°C) before it is switched to start-up mode. A fast heat-up process, which is naturally of interest, can cause high temperature gradients inside the SOFC and the subsequent problems of cracking and delamination. Therefore, in order for the heat-up process to be efficiently managed, the opposing objectives (heat-up
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Tailoring the solid oxide fuel cell anode support composition and microstructure for low-temperature applications Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-03-16 Sajad Vafaeenezhad, Amir Reza Hanifi, Mark Cuglietta, Mohtada Sadrzadeh, Partha Sarkar, Thomas H. Etsell
In this research, the performance of a tubular fuel cell based on a nickel oxide–yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) anode support containing 90 wt% NiO ≈ 82 vol.% of Ni (Ni82) is compared with a cell containing the conventional Ni-YSZ support with 50 vol.% Ni. A Ni-YSZ buffer layer with a tailored microstructure was added to the Ni82 support layer to provide intermediate porosity and to reduce the
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Fuel Cells in 2023: Highlights and transitions Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-24
Welcome to the first issue of Fuel Cells in 2023. This is shaping up to be an exciting year for the journal! Before we discuss our plans further and share some exciting news, we'd like to look back at some highlights from the previous year. The final issue of the year was a Special Issue, covering the 25th edition of the European Electrolyser & Fuelcell Forum (2021) in Lucerne, Switzerland. Figure 1
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Effect of membrane deposition methods on the performance of membrane electrode assemblies Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-23 Yijing Xing, Lei Liu, Zhuoqun Li, Yifan Li, Zhiyong Fu, Haibin Li
The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is closely related to the preparation process of the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). The direct membrane deposition approach can achieve excellent interfacial connection between functional layer, as well as simplifying the MEA manufacturing process. Nevertheless, it has been recognized that for this approach, the permeation of the
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Chemical aging of sealing gasket of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-19 Wenbin Xu, Xu Zhang
As the key sealing part of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the gasket is easily damaged in acidic solution and wet air for a long time in PEMFC, resulting in unsafe and unstable operation of PEMFC. In this paper, the regular solution (RS) and accelerated durability test (ADT) solution in PEMFC were prepared to study the aging damage process of silicone rubber gasket, and the attenuated
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies of the buffered and non-buffered microbial fuel cell Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-29 Fatemeh Nourbakhsh, Mohsen Mohsennia, Mohammad Pazouki
The positive effect of buffers to maintain a sui pH for microorganism growth and increase the electrolyte conductivity in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) encourages more studies on the development of new buffer solutions. The effect of types of biological buffers such as phosphate, tris, succinate, and maleate on power production in dual chamber MFC inoculated by saccharomyces cerevisiae has been examined
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Minimum hydrogen consumption-based energy management strategy for hybrid fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicles using direction prediction optimal foraging algorithm Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-29 Rui Quan, Zhongxin Li, Pin Liu, Yangxin Li, Yufang Chang, Huaicheng Yan
In hybrid energy storage systems of fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), achieving energy management while minimizing hydrogen consumption is the main goal for economic aspects and endurance enhancement. The external energy maximization strategy (EEMS) and the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) are commonly used energy management strategies. However, they use a gradient descent
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Processing methods for conductive polymer composite bipolar plates: Effect on plate quality and performance Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Oluwaseun Ayotunde Alo, Iyiola Olatunji Otunniyi, Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku
Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) have been identified as viable replacements for graphite and metals for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) bipolar plates (BPs). One important factor, apart from composite formulation, that affects the quality and properties of CPC BPs is the processing route. Therefore, understanding the possible processing methods for different matrix–filler combinations
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Preparation and properties of graphite/polypropylene composite material reinforced by chopped carbon fibers for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plates Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Huili Wei, Guofeng Chang, Rongqun Shi, Sichuan Xu, Jinling Liu
In this work, chopped carbon fibers (CCFs) with different lengths were added to graphite/polypropylene (PP) composite materials to achieve high conductivity and flexural strength performances, which are required for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The effects of CCF length (2–4 mm), CCF content (0–5 wt.%), graphite type-natural flake graphite (NFG) and synthetic graphite (SG), and graphite
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Low-temperature preferential CO oxidation in a hydrogen-rich stream over Pt-NaY and modified Pt-NaY catalysts for fuel cell application Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Sachin Malwadkar, Parthasarathi Bera, Chilukuri V. V. Satyanarayana
Preferential oxidation of CO (CO-PROX) in the hydrogen-rich stream has been carried out over Pt-NaY catalysts containing various Pt loadings along with Fe, Co, and Au. Catalysts have been characterized with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller surface area, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature
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Successful research on hydrogen technologies despite a pandemic health crisis (EFCF2021) Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-28 Thomas J. Schmidt, Emiliana Fabbri, Olivier Bucheli, Petra Bele
The 25th edition of the European Electrolyser & Fuel cell Forum (EFCF 2021) in Lucerne, Switzerland, focusing on low temperature electrolyzers, fuel cells, and H2 processing, has taken place under unusual circumstances. On the one hand, the urgency to fight climate change has finally reached the decision makers at the highest level of the European Union, putting in place the so-called “Green Deal”
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Catalyst degradation under different test and poisoning conditions – Comparison parameters definition to map the effects on proton exchange membrane fuel cell voltage Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-20 Eleonora Gadducci, Tommaso Reboli, Massimo Rivarolo, Loredana Magistri
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered among the most promising technologies for hydrogen utilization in both stationary and transport applications. Nevertheless, the cost of its components – especially the catalyst and the membrane – is still consistent and far from the cost predicted by the US Department of Energy. It is therefore essential to predict the effect of contaminants
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Investigation of the influence of Pt/C percentage and humidity on the voltage decay rate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-18 C. Mathan, P. Karthikeyan, P. Dineshkumar, K. Thanarajan
Voltage degradation is the main parameter that determines the effective usable life of a fuel cell, here the influence of Pt/C% and relative humidity (RH%) on the voltage decay rate of a fuel cell is experimentally evaluated and reported. This study implements a stress test with frequent interrupts of purging for determining the durability of the fuel cells. In the course of the 1456 h stress test
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Microbial peroxide-producing cell coupled in-situ enzymatic depolymerization for lignin biorefinery Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-18 Dhruva Mukhopadhyay, Rakesh Kumar Sharma, Pratima Gupta
Lignin is one of the most versatile and complex macromolecules, which can be converted to value-added products such as p-coumaric acid and vanillin upon depolymerization. The current work explored oxidative lignin depolymerization in a microbial peroxide-producing cell containing manganese peroxidase enzymes. A double-chambered microbial peroxide-producing cell was constructed containing the immobilized
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Remaining useful lifetime prediction methods of proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on convolutional neural network-long short-term memory and convolutional neural network-bidirectional long short-term memory Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-09 Yulin Peng, Tao Chen, Fei Xiao, Shaojie Zhang
As a promising energy conversion device, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has been widely used in many fields. However, its commercialization is limited by its useful lifetime, so it's very important to predict the remaining useful lifetime (RUL). In this paper, an RUL prediction method of PEMFC based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed
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Effects of impurities in the cathode airflow on proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-08 Michael A. Schmid, Tim Wagner, Benjamin Wiedemann, Joachim Scholta
Fuel cells for mobile applications obtain their oxygen from the ambient air in road traffic. This air has contaminations of various impurities that can have negative effects on the lifetime of fuel cell systems in vehicles. The identified most relevant contaminants are toluene, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, and sulfur dioxide. A modified test bench enables different dosages of the above-mentioned pollutant
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Properties of NbC/а-C:H films on titanium bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-04 Yong Gou, Guang Jiang, Jiangtao Geng, Zhigang Shao
Surface modification of metallic bipolar plates is a crucial subject for the performance elevation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this work, a series of NbC/а-C:H films with different Nb/C ratios are prepared by arc ion plating. Film microstructure, composition, mechanical properties, hydrophobility, interfacial contact resistance (ICR), and corrosion resistance in the simulated
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Performance analysis of a natural gas-fueled 1 kW solid oxide fuel cell-combined heat and power system with off-gas recirculation of anode and cathode Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-04 Li Wencong, Li Siyuan, Zhang Zhe, Bai Shuzhan, Li Guoxiang, Ma Kongrong, Qu Yao
Both anode off-gas recirculation (AOGR) and cathode off-gas recirculation (COGR) can increase the performance of solid oxide fuel cell-combined heat and power (SOFC-CHP) systems on their own, however, they both have unavoidable drawbacks. Thus, the combined effect of both on the system is worth investigating. The essential challenge is to figure out what the best AOGR and COGR ratios are under the
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Zinc-assisted synthesis of Fe-N-C catalysts based on polyaniline with high oxygen reduction reaction catalytic activities in direct methanol fuel cells Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-04 Xuelin Zhang, Chenjun Hou, Weijian Yuan, Chengwei Deng, Feng Ji, Li Tian, Guochang Lin, Huichao Deng, Yufeng Zhang
Fe-N-C catalysts show great potential to replace Pt/C in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Polyaniline (PANI) is an ideal precursor with an abundant and homogeneous distribution of nitrogen sources. However, Fe-N-C based on PANI suffers from an unsatisfied performance in acidic media. Herein, a facile zinc-assisted synthesis of Fe-N-C based on PANI was reported in this paper. ZnCl2 templates can be
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Local ageing effects of polymer electrolyte fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies due to accelerated durability testing Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-11-27 M. Koprek, R. Schlumberger, C. Wachtel, F. Wilhelm, M. Messerschmidt, J. Scholta, M. Hölzle
Accelerated durability test (ADT) protocols are useful tools to reduce testing time and development costs of automotive polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks. Established accelerated stress tests allow comparing individual cell components. However, such tests in general do not allow drawing reliable conclusions on the expected lifetime for a complete stack. In this work, we examine the influence of
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The effect of hydrogen leakage positions and leak flow rate on its dispersion in a small fuel cell bus Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-11-27 Xiaolu Zhang, Xinwei Wang, Qiubo Wang, Peijin Yu, Yang Miao, Xulei Hou, Ziming Zhao, Yuejuan Li
Studies on hydrogen leakage mainly have focused on the influences of the leakage locations and geometrical configurations on the distribution of hydrogen in various spaces. In this study, a simplified model was developed to examine the diffusion of the hydrogen leaked into a small fuel cell bus with seats. The impact of leakage positions and leak flow rate on the dispersion of hydrogen in a cuboid
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A novel advanced test system for polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis based on hydraulic cell compression Fuel Cells (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-11-24 Ulrich Rost, Florian Josef Wirkert, Jeffrey Roth, Michael Brodmann, Svenja Stiber, Aldo Saul Gago, Kaspar Andreas Friedrich
In this work, a novel polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) test cell based on hydraulic single-cell compression is described. In this test cell, the current density distribution is almost homogeneous over the active cell area due to hydraulic cell clamping. As the hydraulic medium entirely surrounds the active cell components, it is also used to control cell temperature resulting