Under the actual operating conditions of electric vehicle, the temperature of the battery system changes with the ambient temperature, its influence is rarely considered on state of charge (SOC) estimation. Aiming at this problem, this work explores the relationship between temperature and battery discharge capacity, capacity loss, coulomb efficiency and open circuit voltage, and establishes a temperature

Designing a bifunctional catalyst with efficient and consistent stability is important for development and application of zinc–air batteries. Herein, a [email protected]1-x/NCNTs composite that contains a heterostructure consisting of cobalt and tungsten carbide (WC1-x) and loaded on self-assembled N-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs), is synthesized from simple compounds using facile hydrothermal and

Hydrogen has the potential to be a key contributor toward a low-carbon economy. Generating hydrogen by electrolysis using renewable energy is one way to support a decarbonized economy; however, its cost is not typically competitive with the carbon-emitting incumbent technology, steam methane reforming. The ability of electrolysis to integrate with electricity markets presents a unique cost reduction

The issue of cathode passivation during cycling resulting in rapid capacity fading and premature battery death is a major challenge that hinders the applications of lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries. Here, a facile strategy of introducing a functional separator based on flexible amination SiO2/TiO2 inorganic woven film (STON WF) is proposed to suppress the cathode passivation problem. The by-products

Nowaday, developing sustainable energy storage and conversion techniques is of great desire to alleviate energy demands and environmental pollution, in which the core issue is to develop cost-efficient, high-performance and sustained electrode materials. Herein, we proposed a cost-efficient strategy by integrating solvothermal technique, calcination and up-stream gas method to fabricate bifunctional

In this study, a new photoelectrochemical material is fabricated by loading two-dimensional leaf-like Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets into the TiO2 nanorod array to form Ti3C2 nanosheets/TiO2 nanorod (Ti3C2/TiO2 NR) composite photoanode materials. The unique two-dimensional/one-dimensional (2D/1D) composite photocatalytic materials enhance the photoelectrochemical water splitting performance under simulated

An all-solid-state lithium-ion battery with sulfide solid electrolyte is expected to be operated and fabricated under pressure to achieve high ionic conductivity. However, the varying mechanical properties of the constituent materials of composite electrodes generate a non-uniform stress distribution, which affects the ionic conductivity. Moreover, because of the presence of various active materials

In this paper, a nonlinear observer design to estimate different gas species profiles and partial pressures in a fuel delivery system (FDS) with gas permeation is presented. Precise knowledge of critical internal states is of great importance to ensure reliable and efficient operation for FDS. First, a nonlinear isothermal dynamic model including fuel supply, hydrogen consumption, mixture recirculation

α-PbO2-type Mn0.5Ti0.5NbO4-based oxides are studied as cathode materials in solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) for the direct electrolysis of steam or CO2 at 800 °C. Comparison between Mn0.5Ti0.5NbO4 and the Fe-doped ones, Fe0.3Mn0.35Ti0.35NbO4 and Fe0.6Mn0.2Ti0.2NbO4, indicates that the Fe3+ doping increases the electric conductivity in air but decreases the stability of the α-PbO2 structure in

The abundance of sodium resources has sparked interest in the development of sodium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage systems, amplifying the need for high-performance negative electrodes. Although transition metal phosphide electrodes have shown remarkable performance and great versatility for both lithium and sodium batteries, their electrochemical mechanisms in sodium batteries, particularly

State-of-charge (SOC) estimation in a lithium-ion battery (LIB) is a crucial task of the battery management system (BMS) in battery electric vehicle (BEV) applications. In this work, we propose a modeling framework for SOC estimation using different machine learning (ML) methods, i.e. support vector regressor (SVR), artificial neural network (ANN), and long-short term memory (LSTM) network. The necessary

Accurately quantifying the architecture of lithium ion electrode particles in 3D is critical to understanding sub-particle lithium transport, rate limitations, and degradation mechanisms within lithium ion batteries. Most commercial positive electrode materials consist of polycrystalline particles, where intra-particle grains have a range of morphologies and orientations. Here, focused ion beam slicing

In this work, the graphite felt electrode for an iron-vanadium redox flow battery (RFB) with deep eutectic solvent (DES) electrolyte is modified by the method of electrolysis in ammonium sulfate, and a segmented electrode is prepared by combining the pristine graphite felt part and the modified part. The electrolysis process not only makes the outermost layer of graphite felt partially fall off which

Carbonaceous materials attract various attentions as supercapacitor electrode due to their low cost, high stability, and large specific surface area. However, the enhancement of energy storage for carbon electrode is limited by the difficulty in constructing the carbon surface well-compatible for ions and electrons transfer, and by the unclear mechanism. Herein, we develop an oxygen-modulated porous

Accurate capacity estimation is crucial and challenging for guaranteeing safety and durability of Li-ion batteries. This work proposes a data-fusion-model method to estimate battery capacity using the partial charging curve. First, during the charging process, two representative battery ageing features are extracted from the partial incremental capacity curve smoothed by Locally Weighted Scatterplot

Abstract In this study, a chemo-mechanical modeling framework was developed by adopting a reconstructed three-dimensional morphology of all-solid-state lithium-ion battery (ASSB) composite electrodes, using a synchrotron transmission X-ray microscopy tomography system. The developed model aimed to elucidate the effects of the electrode microstructure, specifically solid electrolyte/active material

For a room temperature operation of fluoride ion secondary batteries, it is strongly demanded for a development of fast fluoride ion conductors. Potassium tetrafluoroantimonate (KSbF4) is an air stable crystalline F− ion conductor that can be synthesized by a liquid phase method. Taking account for the effects of lattice defects in ion conductive crystals, we elucidate and propose that a heat treatment

Highly efficient Pd–Cr alloy electrocatalyst with various Cr/Pd ratios supported on carbon fibers (CFs) is prepared by an impregnation and hydrogen-reduction method, and used for hydrogen production from coal electrolysis for the first time. The catalyst is characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive

This study proposes a method to predict the evolution of compression force during the degradation of a lithium-ion battery under packed conditions. The total compression force comprises irreversible and reversible forces. The former is estimated using a multivariate machine learning method, whereas the latter is estimated by combining machine learning and phenomenological modeling. For predicting the

In this work, we study the effect on the electric potential difference (EPD) of a liquid metal (LM) flow confined in a cuboid vessel. The interaction between a magnetic field (MF) and an electric current density (j0) along the ascending axial direction generates a Lorentz force that stirs the LM producing an MHD flow. The MF is produced by either a single or a pair of NdFeB dipolar permanent magnets

In lithium-ion batteries, separator serves to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, as well as provide a free shuttle for Li-ion transport inside the battery. Commercial polyolefin separator has relatively higher thermal shrinkage and lower electrolyte wettability, which limits the application of batteries in extreme conditions. In this work, we prepared phenolic resin (AF) modified polyethylene

This study reports on protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) that exhibit enhanced performance after the addition of palladium (Pd) interlayers at the cathode–electrode interface. The Pd interlayer is deposited by sputtering on the BaZr0.2Ce0.6Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb) electrolyte surface, followed by the inkjet printing of PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co1.5Fe0.5O5+δ (PBSCF) and sintering. The proposed method successfully