Solid oxide fuel cell with proton-conducting electrolyte is a clean and efficient device for electricity generation. This kind of electrolyte exhibits both protonic and hole conductivities at intermediate temperature. The former one is necessary, while the latter one would cause leakage current and loss of output voltage. The electrolyte hole conductivity is a major concern due to its remarkable impact

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the authors and with the agreement of the Editor-in-Chief. In the original version of this paper, a plotting error occurred for Figures 3 and 4. The correct DRT at high SOC have not been shown although

We have shown in our former study [1] that ordered microstructures can improve the effective electrical conductivity and permeability in the gas diffusion layer (GDL). However, the effect of ordered structures on the dynamics of gas-water dynamics in porous layers of fuel cells was not studied. Water management within fuel cell porous transport layers is a key challenge for improving performance. When

A blank comparison group of lithium salt-free electrolyte system, replacing the lithium salt of electrolyte with a redox shuttle agent, is constructed to give targeted research on the single role of lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) salt, especially of bis(oxalate)borate anions (BOB−) in the film-forming process. By combining and comparing all available studies, such as attenuated total reflectance

The effects of electroless Pt layers (<80 μgPt cm−2) in the membrane subsurface on hydrogen crossover, ORR kinetics, and overall fuel cell performance are closely investigated. The electroless Pt layer in the membrane subsurface reduces gas crossover for a 17 μm thick membrane in an inversely proportional relationship to the loading, yielding up to >65% reduction. High electroless Pt layer loading

The pressure drops and pumping powers in flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells are major standards to evaluate flow channel structures. Baffled flow channels provide higher performance, while the pressure drop and pumping power both aggravate. In this work, the impact of baffle leeward length on power output and pressure drops of proton exchange membrane fuel cells are experimentally

This work presents findings on the mechanisms of hysteresis in lithium-rich cathode oxides. It is generally reported that the energy inefficiency, observed during electrochemical cycling of Li-rich electrodes, is a direct result of anion redox processes. Similarly, the coupled phenomenon of cation migration has been cited as being a mere consequence of that process with no essential ramification to

As the unscented Kalman filtering algorithm is sensitive to the battery model and susceptible to the uncertain noise interference, an improved iterate calculation method is proposed to improve the charged state prediction accuracy of the lithium ion battery packs by introducing a novel splice Kalman filtering algorithm with adaptive robust performance. The battery is modeled by composite equivalent

Electrochemical models based on first principles have shown great potential to accurately predict both the terminal voltage and internal states of lithium ion batteries. However, such models usually require significant computational time and contain a large number of parameters that describe the physical and electrochemical properties of the battery. In this paper, a systematic methodology is presented

Future landers to the moons of the outer planets could be powered by higher specific energy primary batteries. Batteries based on lithium carbon monofluoride (Li/CFX) provide ~50% higher specific energy than heritage cells (Li/SO2 or Li/SOCl2) in relevant conditions. Radiation tolerance is a major concern due to the high radiation environment surrounding Jupiter and its moons. Gamma radiation exposure

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) based on quasi-solid-state electrolyte are a new type of energy device that exhibit high energy and security. However, the large-volume expansion and sluggish kinetics of the anode materials during the ion insertion/extraction remains a particular challenge for solid-state SIBs. In this work, flexible binder-free films composed of ultrafine VSe2 particles wrapped in N-doped

This work reports on a novel electrode prepared with electrospun nano- and micro-scale carbon fibers for aqueous redox flow batteries. Larger fibers, ~10 μm in diameter, form larger pores to provide pathways for electrolyte flow, while smaller fibers, ~1 μm in diameter, increase active surface area for redox reactions. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and pressure drop tests show that the specific surface area

It remains difficult to detect internal mechanical deformation and gas-induced degradation in lithium-ion batteries, especially outside specialized diagnostics laboratories. In this work, we demonstrate that electrochemical acoustic time-of-flight (EA-ToF) spectroscopy can be used as an insightful and field-deployable diagnostic/prognostic technique to sense the onset of failure. A 210 mAh commercial

Pressurization of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries is expected to increase the efficiency of ion transport between solid electrolyte particles. Here, we show the practicality of considering internal stress distribution to explain the ion transport behavior inside a composite electrode containing a sulfide solid electrolyte. Considering internal stress distribution allows for an accurate evaluation

The flow regime in a microbial fuel cell is important for multiple reasons. For example, biofilm thickness and substrate supply are influenced by the velocity of the liquid flow through the chamber and over an anode, which in turn determines power output. This study presents the correlation of the results of computational fluid dynamics simulation and electrochemical data of tubular air diffusion microbial

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXene) have shown outstanding performances in electrochemical energy storage, but their investigations of both mechanical and electrochemical performance for structural power systems are lack of being discussed. In this work, modified MXene films with mechanically strong structures and high electrochemical performance are obtained via directly

Fast charging capability is considered a critical factor for the widespread adoption of electric vehicles. High charging currents can, however, severely affect battery health due to the danger of metallic lithium deposition on the anode and consequent degradation reactions. The charging speed should therefore be limited with respect to battery temperature, state of charge, and cell design, governing

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered a significant player in the hydrogen economy. However, before mass production is possible, significant improvements in durability are necessary. Monitoring the changes in the electrode structure is challenging without a complex measurement apparatus. Precisely, the changes in electrode properties during carbon corrosion (increase in the porosity

Storage of nickel-rich LiNi1-x-yMnxCoyO2 positive active materials under improper environmental conditions brings about undesirable surface reactions causing poor Li-ion cell electrochemical performances and gas generation. In this paper, a detailed stepwise investigation of the increasing reactivity of 532, 622, 811 and 901 NMC materials towards a specific H2O/CO2 atmosphere is reported. Water-soluble

The exploitation of efficient electrocatalysts with specific morphology toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for Li–O2 batteries (LOBs). Perovskites are among the most promising electrocatalyst candidates mainly due to their tunable structure and facile preparation. In this study, porous double-doped La0.6Ca0.4Fe0.8Ni0.2O3 (LCFN) nanotubes are prepared

High capacity sulfur electrodes are expected to be used in the next-generation of high energy density and low cost rechargeable lithium batteries. The positive sulfur electrode undergoes complex electrochemical reactions, which cause morphological changes of the composite electrode while cycling. In the course to deeper understand the failures of this rather complex, but promising technology, the operando

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) exhibit a promising prospect due to their potential in terms of safety and energy densities. As an oxide electrolyte, cubic garnet solid electrolyte (cubic-Li7La3Zr2O12) attracts wide attention due to the high ionic conductivity. However, the problem of poor contact between garnet solid electrolyte and lithium impairs the development of solid electrolytes. Herein, we demonstrate