This study deals with the indoor air quality (IAQ) measured and perceived in a demonstration building via a smart sensor. The analysis subject targeted includes the following main air pollutants, viz., CO2, VOCs, formaldehyde, benzene, CO, PM2.5, and comfort parameters such as air temperature, and relative humidity. These were recorded during three campaigns. It turned out that the CO2 level was higher

Over the last few decades, there is a clear target for reducingenergy needs in the building sector. The above objective can be achieved both by renovating the existing building stock and/or by constructing new buildings that will meet the characteristics of zero or nearly zero energy buildings. In order to construct or renovate a building into a zero or almost zero energy building, different passive

An accurate temperature gradient calculation is essential for displacement ventilation (DV) system design since it directly relates to thecalculation of the required supply airflow rate. Inaccurate temperature prediction can cause poor thermal comfort and wrong sizing of the ventilation and cooling systems. A heat balance-based method is usually applied in displacement ventilation (DV) design when

Abstract The indoor air quality is important for the well-being of humans, especially in the case of young babies. This research focuses on the air qualityinside a crib with sleeping infants. The effects of different sleeping positions of the baby on the air quality within the crib were studied by measurements on modelled setup. The breathing of an infant was simulated by means of a baby doll which

A demonstration house was previously built and commissioned in Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada. The purpose of the overall effort is to develop and integrate technologies and evaluate the performance of a high-performance building located in the Canadian Arctic, while considering the unique social, economic, and logistical challenges associated with its remote location. Previous work consisted of monitoring

Addressing the airtightness of the building envelope is key to achieve thermal comfort, good performance ofventilation systems and to avoid excessive energy consumption. Previous studies have estimated an energy impact of infiltration on the heating demand between 2 and 20 kW h/(m2 y) in regions with temperate climates. In Spain, this issue has not yet been addressed in depth. This study aims to assess

Multiple authors stated that, when performing fan pressurization test, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method should not be used as a regression technique anymore. However, alternative methods require first to quantify components of uncertainty in pressure and air flow rate measurements. This work aims at quantifying the uncertainty in zero-flow pressure approximation, which is mainly due to short-term

Guaranteeing high indoor air quality and high degree of usersatisfaction at the same time is one of the challenges when improving the energy efficiency, namely the energy consumption, of a building. Current non-residential buildings mainly use mechanical ventilation systems to ensure high air quality. Natural ventilation can be an alternative regarding to lower maintenance costs and the psychological

This study aims to experimentally evaluate the influence of the combination of a supply only ventilation, called here positive input ventilation, and innovative active air vents on the Indoor Air Quality of a house. The positive input ventilation draws fresh air from the outside, filters and pre-heats it before supplying it to living areas. Active air vents are small motorised dampers set up in the

With increasing building airtightness, the design of an adequate ventilation system gains importance. The first generation of ventilation systems, based on continuous supply of the nominal airflow rate, are now being replaced by demand controlled ventilation (DCV). These systems, often H2O and/or CO2 controlled, typically do not take into account the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to

Abstract Buildings typically are expected to provide their inhabitants with the opportunity to influence the indoor environment using various control devices. These include, for example, windows, luminaires, radiators, and shading elements. The quality and adequacy of the indoor environment is thus dependent on the availability and effectiveness of such devices. There is arguably a lack of generally

Ventilation is critical in interpreting indoor air quality (IAQ), yet most IAQ assessments do not report ventilation adequately. Most ventilation assessments use tracer gas tests (TGT) to measure total air change rate (ACH), but currently applied TGTs present three shortcomings: limited comparability between ACH and IAQ data, inadequate substances employed as tracer gases and tendency to bias arising

The present paper describes the design improvement of a single-room ventilation unit. This ventilation system presents many advantages, however, several drawbacks exist. The first one is the acoustic disturbance. As the facilities are directly installed within the rooms, the fans’ noise may create discomfort. Furthermore, in the cold or temperate climates, condensation or frost may appear. A dedicated

Vertical shafts are common structures in buildings, which accelerate smoke spread in fires due to stack effect. In this study, fire smoke movement and distribution in a ventilation shaft were studied through analysing temperature distributions, velocity distributions, CO2 concentration distributions and pressure distributions. Four exhaust rates were discussed and compared. It was found that the status

Air conditioning engineers design the inlet or outlet position of a fan coil unit (FCU) system according to thermal comfort and cost. However, the effect of the position on fire growth has not been considered. In this study, the effect of the relative inlet and outlet positions was investigated. Thirty cases were simulated using fire dynamics simulator (FDS). The simulation results revealed that the

This paper reports the results of an interview survey conducted among different stakeholders involved in design, installation and operation of residential ventilation in seven European countries. In total 44 interviews were performed. The results provide a valuable snapshot of current practices and insights into potential barriers and challenges regarding installation of mechanical ventilation in low-energy

In this study, smoke evacuation in two kinds of subway station platform models, namely: an island platform station and a two side platforms station is simulated in a three-dimensional configuration. FDS 6.1.1 (Fire Dynamic Simulator) software has been employed to perform numerical simulations. The results showed noticeable effects of platform architecture on the process of smoke evacuation and emission

With the wide application of electronic surgical equipment, the generation of surgical smoke is inevitable. Surgical smoke will not only obstruct the operator's visibility, but also release toxic and harmful substances into the air, which will make the operator a headache and cause inflammation of the eyes and mucous membranes. In order to evaluate whether the existing operating room ventilation system

This paper proposes an original and sustainable design for a Hybrid solar Air Conditioning-Ventilation-Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) desalination system. The proposed design permits to produce both thermal comfort and desalinated water for residential buildings. The originality of the system design as well as its operating principle is described in detail. Mathematical models, that govern the

In this paper the FDS 6 code ability to simulate the airflows generated by jet fans in a real road tunnel is studied. A transient model of the 898 m long bi-directional highway Polana tunnel is created including details of the tunnel geometry as emergency lay-bys and traffic signs. The absolute roughness of the tunnel walls of 70 mm is determined to represent the influence of curved tunnel geometry

To study heat and mass transfers inside nuclear facilities equipped with ventilation systems, a methodology was developed to carry out reduced-scale experiments for studying flows induced by thermal and wind effects simultaneously. The methodology was numerically validated on simple configurations and applied to a reference configuration representative of nuclear facilities. The effects of wind and

This study proposed a hybrid ventilation mode for underground subway depot with superstructures and described the construction of a calculation model for estimating the smoke-exhaust efficiency of ventilation systems in such buildings. The hybrid ventilation system consisted of natural ventilation, a flow deflector, and mechanical fans. The smoke-layer height, smoke temperature, gas-flow routes, and

The Grid Convergence Index ( GCI) method requires at least three systematic mesh refinements, each requiring the numerical solution to be in the asymptotic range. When the observed order of accuracy differs from the formal order of accuracy, a lack of numerical precision exists which may result in erroneous conclusions. The aim of the work in this paper is to evaluate the effect the mesh resolution

In this paper, the impact of window parameters (shape, design, sizes, position and orientation) on the building thermal comfort (temperature, relative humidity and discomfort period), energy consumption (lighting loads, heating and cooling loads and total energy consumption) and cost, and environment effect (CO2 emissions) is analysed under hot semi-arid climate conditions. This study considers the

The present study provides an analysis of existing literature encompassing the wind and thermal analysis of football stadia, and how both can be manipulated through the modification of roof geometry. It introduces the potential for cooling strategies to create an internal environment capable of hosting elite-level international football in a hot climate. The motivation for the study stems from an absence