This paper presents a new energy efficiency-based classification approach for street lighting. This approach considers the improvement of visual performance by correcting the standard photometry system (photopic) by the mesopic system, recommended within the CIE 191:2010 and the operational hours of the lighting system, aspects that are usually disregarded by the most-used energy classifications. The

Smart meters can help citizens in optimizing energy consumption patterns. However, mixed evidence exists on their effectiveness in reducing energy demand and especially in levelling off the daily peaks of electricity load curves. Here, we evaluate the impact of providing real-time feedback on electricity consumption from a field trial in Italy. We combine standard regressions with machine learning

As one of largest energy consumption sector, China iron and steel (I&S) industry is facing with tremendous pressure on energy conservation and emission reduction. However, a systematic roadmap and practicable control strategies to guide the work of energy conservation and emission reduction of China I&S industry have not been reported. In this paper, the path of energy conservation in China I&S is

Homeowners are identified as a group in society that could change their energy behaviour towards greater energy efficiency and use of non-fossil fuels. External local energy advisors, who provide knowledge, motivation and service, can influence their decisions and thereby increase energy efficiency and dissemination of non-fossil fuels. In Sweden, the energy advice system has recently been reformed

By introducing doors on refrigerated display cabinets, the energy demand is substantially decreased. However, there exist significant discrepancies in temperature readings between visually identical refrigerated display cabinets equipped with doors. This study explores the cause and consequences of these differences. The exploratory methodology used within the study has used CFD simulations combined

While distribution systems deliver power to buildings using alternating current (AC), the loads in commercial buildings have increasingly shifted to those using direct current (DC) power. In addition, on-site generation, such as rooftop solar (which provides a DC source of electricity), is becoming more common in commercial buildings. As a consequence, numerous DC-to-AC and AC-to-DC conversions occur

Energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) have been utilized within air conditioning systems to enhance energy efficiency and to improve indoor air quality. ERV performance contributes significantly towered lowering electrical consumption and emissions of the installed systems. Annual energy savings resulted from integrating a hybrid flow ERV to a conventional HVAC system is numerically investigated in the

Fossil fuel combustion to supply energy demand has significant effects on air pollution and global warming through an increase in environmental pollutants and greenhouse gases resulting in climate change, environmental deterioration, and spread of different diseases. In Iran, the high growth of annual consumption of various fossil fuels has triggered many environmental and socioeconomic problems, and

Which attributes are the most important when buying a property? How much do individuals value energy efficiency? What discount rates do individuals employ when investing in energy efficiency and which factors influence them? This paper examines the results of a stated preference consumer survey undertaken in Slovenia in late 2017 to investigate these questions, also trying to answer how much the consumers

The household sector is one of the most energy-intensive sectors in Europe, and thus a focal point for reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy consumption. Energy efficiency is considered a key measure to reduce household energy consumption, but several factors could lead to an underinvestment in energy efficiency. This is the so-called energy efficiency gap or paradox. The factors

Long-term experience with Passive House buildings is illustrated with two early large-scale projects, a school and an office building located in Germany. Those were monitored in lump energy performance (school, commissioned 2004) and great detail (office, commissioned 2002), respectively. Moreover, they give an indication of the characteristics of such buildings subject to changes in usage intensity

To achieve energy efficiency and to develop supporting policy tools have become priorities worldwide. In this respect, one of the important energy efficiency policy tools is Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS). Turkish Government, dealing with regulations about energy efficiency since 2007, has placed EEOS in the current agenda in parallel with the global improvements. The authorities agree

Informational failures frequently lead consumers to make non-optimal energy-efficient purchasing decisions. Energy efficiency labels seek to influence consumer behaviour at the point of sale by reducing informational failures regarding energy efficiency. However, several informational and behavioural factors contribute to the energy efficiency gap and could render label-oriented policies useless. The

The UK introduced carbon budgets in 2008, with an aim to reduce greenhouse gases by 80% by 2050 compared with the 1990 levels. It has been argued that the 2015 Paris Agreement on limiting the global average temperature rise to ‘well below 2° C’ requires deeper and more rapid emission reductions than the current UK targets. Household energy consumption accounts for almost a third of total UK CO2 emissions

Contemporary packages of housing retrofit equipment are based on models of expected energy savings with regard to globally standardized thermal comfort levels. Previous research shows that the energy savings realised after a housing retrofit is substantially lower than expected. Attempts to reduce energy demand by physical re-design, utilising technical standards for thermal comfort as well as financial

Specific energy consumption (SEC) also called energy intensity is one of the important aspects for lumber sawing sawmills since it represents the energy efficiency of the sawmill. Production, process, and energy data were gathered by visiting five sawmills out of which three sawmills had single sawing lines and two sawmills had double sawing lines. Sawmills with single and double sawing lines were

The rapid increase in cooling demand for air-conditioning worldwide brings the need for more efficient cooling solutions based on renewable energy. Seawater air-conditioning (SWAC) can provide base-load cooling services in coastal areas utilizing deep cold seawater. This technology is suggested for inter-tropical regions where demand for cooling is high throughout the year, and it has been implemented

Based on the perspective of market segmentation, this paper empirically tests the impact mechanism of market segmentation on energy efficiency by using China’s provincial panel data from 2005 to 2016. The results show that market segmentation has a significant inhibitory effect on energy efficiency by distorting technological progress, scale efficiency, and allocation efficiency. The conclusion of

The previous literature has studied barriers to energy efficiency in firms. While there are several studies with some focus on the manufacturing sector in Europe, the corresponding literature in Asia is still nascent. Using a unique dataset that contains a large number of firms belonging to the service and manufacturing sectors in Japan, this study contributes to filling this gap in the literature

The residential building stock holds a large energy efficiency improvement potential related to energy upgrading of the building envelope. Details about the heterogeneity of the building stock are paramount to perform a proper assessment of attractive energy efficiency improvements for end-users. Based on a sample of buildings, the study develops methods to identify potentials for heterogeneous building-tailored

In contrast to conventional routing systems, which determine the shortest distance or the fastest path to a destination, this work designs a route planning specifically for electric vehicles by finding an energy-optimal solution while simultaneously considering stress on the battery. After finding a physical model of the energy consumption of the electric vehicle including heating, air conditioning

The impact of sealing ventilation shafts, installing self-balancing dampers and larger capacity exhaust fans on indoor air quality has not yet been thoroughly investigated. We examined IAQ outcomes in two groups of high-rise multifamily public housing. Both study and control group dwellings received ventilation shaft cleaning. The study group also received higher horsepower rooftop fans and ventilation

The heating requirements for district heating systems decrease sharply during the summer in China, which leads to the heating capacity of these systems remaining idle. To make full use of district heating systems, a novel approach for application of these thermal systems to cooling is proposed in this paper. The proposed system is based on a distributed absorption cooling (DAC) system driven by heat

Auctioning revenues in the European Union Emissions Trading System are likely to increase in the future. This projection is driven by recent changes within the system’s framework, which address the current surplus of emission allowances and reduce the overall cap. Considering a growing amount of auctioning revenues, it becomes even more important to assess the use of these revenues and their potential

Surely, electricity market participants need an accurate estimate for the price and load signals to properly manage their programs to increase their profits. Regarding the two-way interaction between suppliers and consumers, they are able to manage their required profile. Therefore, the individual price or load forecasting is not acceptable and cannot capture their related pattern. Therefore, this

The retrofit of buildings to improve energy efficiency represents a vast opportunity in the construction market with the potential to reduce energy demand, create jobs, and achieve environmental benefits. Multiple challenges need to be overcome to unleash this potential and realize the benefits of investments in building energy retrofit projects. Small-/medium-sized commercial buildings are typically

It is extremely significant to construct a scientific and accurate forecasting model for energy consumption of the USA, because it could help to formulate energy policies and allocate energy resources. In recent years, more and more hybrid models based on divided-and-conquer method have been applied in energy consumption prediction to obtain satisfactory results. However, owning to the obvious enhancing

Energy efficiency assessment and resource allocation optimization are conducive to improve the production and reduce carbon emissions in complex chemical processes. And the traditional energy efficiency assessment method based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) does not distinguish the effective decision-making units (DMUs) better. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel DEA method combining the cosine

The energy sector is one of the most prominent sectors in the development of nations. The scarcity of energy in developing nations urged the government and private sector to consider the efficient resources of energy. Energy-efficient appliances help to reduce the consumption of energy and fulfill consumers’ utilitarian needs. The purpose of this study is to empirically evaluate consumers’ purchase

Energy consumption monitoring technology plays a very important role in the realization of intelligent building energy saving, but it is not accepted widely in China. The main reasons for this are the low public energy-saving awareness and incomplete informational policy instruments; thus, studying how informational policy instruments affect the adoption of energy consumption monitoring technology

High energy consumption in building material production has a significant effect on global warming and other environmental pollution, which has brought into prominence building materials whose production consumes less energy and uses renewable energy sources. In particular, the production phase of brick, a commonly used material in building construction, has an important effect on energy consumption

Primary aluminium production is energy- and GHG-intensive in which electrolysis is by far the most energy- and GHG-intensive process. This paper’s aim is to study the effects on (1) primary energy use, (2) GHG emissions and (3) energy and CO2 costs when energy end-use efficiency measures are implemented in the electrolysis. Significant savings in final and primary energy use, GHG emissions and energy

Recent studies investigating convergence in energy consumption at the sectoral level within a country suggest that aggregate energy consumption could mask considerable differential impacts that might be observed at the sectoral level. This study aims to contribute and complement the existing convergence literature with an attempt to analyze sectoral convergence in energy consumption from the developing

This study aims to investigate the extended role of goal-framing theory (GFT) on the energy-saving air conditioners called inverter air conditioners (IACs) in the context of the developing market (Pakistan). The GFT has three constructs, gain motivations, hedonic motivations, and normative motivations, which affect consumers’ sustainable behavior. The study is based on a survey of IAC users with the

The paper presents the public building typology, energy demand estimations and retrofit scenarios, as well as associated costs and benefits for energy-saving measures in the public building stock of Albania. First, representative building types were identified to estimate their energy performance, and define retrofit packages. Second, this information was used to analyse the costs and benefits of the

The present paper analyses the factors associated with intensity in resource efficiency practices of European SMEs, considering four categories of firms according to their level of investment (very low, low, medium and high). Based on the stakeholder theory, we estimate a generalised ordinal logistic model which allows us to analyse the relationship between internal and external pressures, resources

The increase in the demand for electricity in the last decades has forced consumers to adopt strong rationing measures. However, these actions, often evidenced in small intuitive ways of reducing consumption, are not enough to improve energy efficiency. The user’s awareness needs to be accompanied by increasingly interactive and autonomous tools that allow them to know the true dimension of the financial

Anomaly detection in power consumption data can be very useful to building managers. It allows them to detect unexpected power consumption values, identify unusual behaviors, and foresee uncommon events. This paper proposes a novel unsupervised approach to detect anomalies in power consumption data. We combine the clustering-based methods with the prediction-based ones to learn typical behavior scenarios

The building sector is a large energy consumer and is responsible for high CO2 emissions; hence, improving the energy performance of buildings is vital. Building renovations open opportunities to improve their energy performance. Building professionals and other actors in the early phase of renovations decide what energy efficiency and saving measures will be implemented. Their role is studied here

Industrial sector in each country consumes large amounts of total produced electrical energy. Hence, industrial customers with flexible loads are attractive targets for implementing demand-side management (DSM) programs. In recent years, Iranian energy ministry has applied an industrial operational reserve program (IORP) to reduce energy shortage during peak hours. This program has been developed to

We propose a method for detecting and forecasting events of high energy demand, which are managed at the national level in demand side response programmes, such as the UK Triads. The methodology consists of two stages: load forecasting with long short-term memory neural network and dynamic filtering of the potential highest electricity demand peaks by using the exponential moving average. The methodology

The urban climate and outdoor air quality of cities that have a positive thermal balance depending on the thermal consumptions of buildings cause an increase of the urban heat island and global warming effects. The aim of this work has been to develop an energy balance using the energy consumption data of the district heating network. The here presented engineering energy model is at a neighborhood

Airflow management plays an important role in ensuring secured and energy-efficient operation of data centres (DCs). Higher power density in DC is a risk resulting in serious deterioration of airflow distribution accompanied by the increasing cooling energy demand. In this study, the airflow optimization effects of rack baffles and server lower-side terminal baffles on the thermal environment are first

The global demand of steel production is growing, and so are the carbon dioxide emissions from the sector. Research has confirmed that 15 to 20% further energy efficiency improvement is possible, which would reduce the sector’s greenhouse gas emissions and help meet global emission reduction initiatives. In this context, this research aims at developing a bottom-up system-based model to evaluate the

In recent years, the issue of aviation carbon emissions has caused wide public concern. How to measure airline performance under the premise of considering aviation carbon emissions has become a hot issue. In this paper, airline energy efficiency is divided into three stages as follows: operations, services, and sales. A network range-adjusted measure with unified natural and managerial disposability

This paper presents an energy efficiency assessment of 46 African countries and analyzes possible bidirectional relationship between energy efficiency and economic development within a three-stage framework. In the first stage, energy efficiency is measured within a total factor framework using the slack-based measure with undesirable output and sub-regional comparisons are done. The second stage assesses

A short period of exterior door opening in residential houses is usually not considered an important energy loss during the heating season. However, in the case of a passive house, this infiltration could be an important item within the heating energy calculation procedure. In this paper, the influence of exterior door opening on heating consumption in residential houses with high energy efficiency

This paper projects European households’ stock of dishwashers and explores possible measures to accelerate adoption of more energy-efficient products. Europe is experiencing an increase in the sales of household dishwashers and this trend is expected to become more relevant in the coming years. The consequent rise in energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be reduced if consumers

This paper aims to determine the relationships, if any, between the green ratings, deemed as eco-efficiency by employing a structural equations model (SEM) to determine the relationship between the Newsweek Green Rankings and the Global Fortune 500 Corporations. The methodology includes the analysis of four sustainability variables and four social responsibility variables evaluated in the Newsweek

This paper reports on a study of electricity consumption, for achieving thermal comfort, and possible relation to respective plan layouts, in apartments of tropical Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, which is one of the most densely populated cities in the world. As approximately 45% of the total population of Dhaka constitutes the middle income and upper-middle income groups, electricity consumption

To support the grid and integrate renewables, demand response schemes reward the power flexibility of energy consumers. Data centers can profit from this by using power management techniques on all levels of data center architecture: infrastructure, hardware, workload, applications. Even though lately, demand response with data centers has been well researched, most works focus on just one or two techniques

In this paper, we forecast residential electricity consumption in Brazil considering the variability in consumption behavior in different regions. In order to do so, we use a bottom-up approach to estimate long-term electricity consumption that considers three technology-driven scenarios: one assuming reference efficiency development, another one based on the Brazilian government’s predictions, and

The Headquarters Department of the Army sponsored a study to determine the national impact of deploying the Re-tuning™ (“Re-tuning” is a trademark of the US Department of Energy) methodology in five building types that account for over 40% of the Army’s conditioned building stock. Re-tuning is a systematic process that improves operational efficiency and reduces energy consumption at no or low cost

A key element of evaluation, measurement, and verification (EM&V) studies for energy efficiency programs involves estimation of net energy savings that account for free ridership, spillover, and induced market effects. The existing literature recognizes these effects to be significant and provides detailed guidelines to estimate them. However, there appears to be a disconnect between these guidelines

One of the key challenges to greater renewable electricity supplies is the temporal mismatch between non-dispatchable renewable sources and peaks in electricity demand. In addition, increased electrification coupled with the de-carbonisation of electricity generation is likely to increase the scale of demand peaks. This could force investment in carbon-intensive peaker generation or capital intensive

This paper is an attempt to identify a methodology for converting conventional energy consumption buildings to net-zero energy buildings (NZEB). The first step was rather different from the usual energy audit, which is to analyze a facility’s energy consumptions from both macro- and micro-scales. To implement such an approach, a governmental office building (Metro) in Portland, OR, was chosen as a

Improved building energy efficiency has been shown to contribute substantially to global greenhouse gas abatement objectives. Realisation of these benefits depends on the deployment of appropriate policy instruments. Building energy codes have the potential to deliver economic, environmental, societal and other strategic benefits. Australia’s high per capita greenhouse emissions and rates of building

The building sector contributes significantly to global energy consumption and CO2 emissions. It is urgent to reduce them through the retrofit of the current building stock and improvements in new building designs. The energy performance contracts that can deliver energy consumption savings must have an attractive rate of return to make financial sense for public and private sector buildings. These

The present study presents the bin weather data for four cities in the tropical region and its significance in the building energy analysis. The bin weather data for four cities in Malaysia, which are Bayan Lepas, Kuala Terengganu, Senai and Kuching, were generated. The bin weather data are in the range from 18 to 38 °C with 2 °C intervals and tabulated based on six 4-h shifts. Since there is a lack

Indoor swimming pools are high energy demand facilities. Current knowledge about their energy demand does not offer reliable information for a correct design of their thermal installations. A deeper knowledge about actual energy needs of these installations is then necessary to improve their energy efficiency. The objective of this work is to define and validate a new and specific model for the characterisation