AbstractElectroplating of zinc−nickel alloy coatings (3–16 at % Ni) on Type 17G1S-U steel from ammonium oxalate baths is studied. The effects that the ratio of alloy components has on the coating’s corrosion resistance and structure and the electroplating kinetic parameters are revealed. Applying zinc–nickel alloy coatings leads to a nearly sevenfold decrease in the corrosion rate compared to zinc-only

AbstractIt is shown that the formation of anodic oxides in the galvanostatic mode of electrolytic anodizing of Si, SiC, and Si3N4 proceeds with the activation control of the process. It is suggested that the limiting stage of the oxidation process of these materials is the anodic reaction of the formation of intermediate monoxide SiO.

Abstract—Methods of numerical modeling were used to study the electrophysical effects in the boundary zones of phases that are formed during the passage of an electric current through a metal melt volume with inclusions of conductivity other than the matrix conductivity. The possibility of changing the crystallization stimulus of the liquid-metal system was shown to be subject to the electric current

Abstract—A green compound, N,N′-bis(2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde)-2,2-dimethylpropandiimine, was studied as an acid corrosion inhibitor for X80 steel. Aqueous 15% HCl was utilized for simulating the oil well acidizing fluid at various temperatures. The inhibition performance was assessed using the weight loss method, the electrochemical impedance, the polarization, and the scanning electron microscopy

AbstractAn electric discharge micromachining experiment is described. The features of electroerosive cutting of parts by a wire electrode-tool with a diameter of 7–20 μm were studied. The results are interpreted using the developed mathematical model of the EDM cutting process, accumulating available experimental data on the EDM process dynamics with a nonrigid wire electrode. The problem of the stability

Abstract—Two new Mannich bases: 1-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(phenyl)methyl]thiourea and 1-[(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)(phenyl)methyl]thiourea were synthesised by a cost effective green method. The synthesised Mannich Bases were characterised and tested as corrosion inhibitors for the corrosion of a mild steel surface in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid solution using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical

AbstractThe stability of the membrane’s dynamic layer consisting of polystyrene (PS) microparticles is studied. To improve the stability, a nylon-PS membrane is subjected to thermal treatment at temperatures of 50 to 100°C for 10 min. The effect of heat treatment on the surface of the dynamic membrane is studied by scanning electron microscopy and wetting angle measurements. The stability of the dynamic

AbstractThe reasons for the fall in the discharge capacity of the LiMn2O4 spinel composition with a Norit carbon filler in the redox reaction with lithium at a temperature of 271 K were analyzed using cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. A comparison is made between the electrochemical behavior of LiMn2O4–Norit compositions, LiMn2O4 compositions with carbon nanotubes, and LiMn2O4 compositions

Abstract—This work reports the synthesis and electrochemical performance of the nickel-doped lithium manganese oxide along with the surface modification of the mentioned oxide coated with the aluminum oxide via a solid state route. The structural and functional groups were confirmed by the X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy studies, respectively. A pyramid-like structure of the pure lithium

Abstract—Micro texturing with dimples is one of the most established methods for the enhancement of lubrication and tribological performance. In this work, a novel approach of through-mask electrochemical micromachining is instigated to fabricate high-aspect-ratio circular micro-dimples utilizing a low-cost photoresist (AZ-4903) as mask. Experiments were performed to understand the influence of the

Abstract—The inhibiting effect of the expired meloxicam on the corrosion of mild steel (MS) in 1 M HCl was tested by the weight loss, electrochemical frequency modulation, potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The PP curves showed that this drug acts as mixed type inhibitor. This drug was adsorbed chemically on the MS surface following the Temkin adsorption

Abstract—Based on experimental and theoretical data, thermodynamic analysis of possible chemical reactions occurring in the titanium–aluminum–hexamethylenetetramine system under conditions of self-propagating, high temperature synthesis (SPHTS) was performed. It was shown that, under the above conditions, the MAX-phase Ti3AlC2 can be predominantly formed at cooling down the material up to temperatures

Abstract—In this work, an electrochemical sensor based on a poly threonine modified graphite-carbon nanotube paste electrode was developed for the investigation of tyrosine. The modification of the electrode was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry. The modified electrode shows many advantages such as simple preparation

Abstract—In order to provide further evidence on the existence of the phenomenon of electro-chemical phase formation in metals and alloys via a supercooled liquid state stage, a set of experiments were carried out to reveal the predicted structural features in alloys during electrochemical phase formation at chemically identical solid or liquid cathode. In the third part of the research, the results

AbstractThe characteristics of an overstressed, high-current nanosecond discharge in atmospheric air between zinc, copper, and iron electrodes are given with a distance between the electrodes of 1–3 mm. It is established that this discharge is a point source of ultraviolet radiation in the spectral range of 200–300 nm and a nanoparticle stream of zinc, copper, and iron oxides. The optimization results

AbstractA bipolar nanosecond discharge with a voltage amplitude of one polarity of 15–40 kV and a current amplitude of 50–150 A in a pulse was ignited at an inter-electrode distance of 0.1 cm and the pressure of argon 101 or 202 kPa, at a frequency of the pulse voltage 40–100 Hz. The pulsed electric discharge power was in a range of 5–11 MW, with a plasma energy input of 0.40 and 0.44 J per pulse.

AbstractThe work specifies the distribution features of electromagnetic and hydrodynamic fields in the conductive electric-current treatment of melts by parallel electrodes via the methods of numerical experiments. It was shown that it is possible to create local areas of concentration of the electromagnetic field, to avoid the flow of current through the electrode walls, and to increase the treatment

Abstract—The paper presents the study results on the influence of the alternating current’s frequency on the value of active resistance. It has been revealed that the value of the active resistance increases to a minimum value with an increase in the frequency of the alternating field, and it increases sharply with a further increase in the frequency. It is shown that the cause of the growth of active

Abstract—This paper presents the results into the study of electret properties of composite materials based on ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and nano-dispersed amorphous silica filler α-SiO2 (aerosil) depending on the volume content of silicon dioxide and the absorbed dose D γ-irradiation at room temperature using the method of thermally stimulated depolarization (TSD). It was found

AbstractPowders of VT3-1 titanium alloy and VK-15 hard alloy have been obtained and investigated. A proposal is suggested for the possibility of their industrial use, especially for surface spraying. High efficiency methods and apparatuses are suggested to produce metal powders using an electric arc in the cross hydrodynamic flow of the working liquid that burns without a pause. They make it possible

Abstract—This work formulated and solved the problem of determining the specific electrical conductivity of plasma in the channel of the electrical discharge in water as well as that of the discharge channel resistance taking into account the deviation in its shape from that of a straight circular cylinder. The closing ratios and empirical functions whose parameters agree with the experimental data

AbstractUsing the atomic force microscopy method, the surface of thin, copper-containing polyacrylonitrile (PAN) films is studied. The distribution function over the height of the surface profile is analyzed by the method of multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA). The fractal dimension, correlation dimension, scaling exponent, and Hurst exponent (H) are used as parameters in this analysis

AbstractThe investigation results for the fine dispersion of the prerefined oxides of rare-earth elements using electric discharges in an aqueous medium are presented. A possibility of producing oxide particles with a size less than 1 μm is shown, including the generation of those particles from large blocks of previously coagulated oxide particles. It is shown to be reasonable to choose such an interposition

Abstract—The work highlights the results of application of a bio polymer glycogen as a green inhibitor for the corrosion control of 6061Al-15%(V)SiC(P) composite material in 3.5% NaCl medium. The corrosion rate measurements were done by electrochemical methods such as potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were calculated

AbstractThe paper reports the oxidative decolorization of the direct blue 14 (DB-14) dye in an aqueous phase via an ecologically friendly electrochemical advanced oxidation process. The investigation of several experimental conditions such as the solution pH, initial concentrations of the oxidant, the dye, and current density was carried out in a single-compartment electrolytic cell with the use of

Abstract—The dispersion equation is derived analytically and in a linear approximation using the dimensionless amplitude of oscillations for capillary waves on the charged surface of a layer of viscous conductive liquid on a metal wire. The metal wire is shown to stabilize the capillary waves. The wire effect becomes substantial only at high values of the wire radius. The appearance of the electric

AbstractAn electrochemical study of three API steels: X52, X65, and X80, exposed to seawater and sediment from seabed is presented. Two seabed samples were collected at 60 meters depth near a platform (seabed A) and at a distance of 500 m (seabed B) from the same platform of the Sonda of Campeche, México. In both samples, the seawater and sediment were separated in order to characterize their corrosiveness

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of different welding techniques: laser and tungsten inert gas (TIG) on the corrosion behavior of commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) frameworks in dentistry. Electrochemical tests were conducted in artificial saliva at pH 7.2, 37°C. The surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The received data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA

Abstract—Commercially pure titanium Cp-Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy were liquid borided using a borate bath consisting of 70% borax and 30% SiC at 1000°C for 3, 6, and 12 h. The borided materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy to reveal the produced microstructures. Two kinds of titanium borides were identified by the X-ray diffraction analysis (TiB2 on the top of the surface followed by

Abstract—The existence of the phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys via a supercooled liquid state stage has been discussed. In the second part of the research, the results of the precision X-ray phase analysis for the interface between electrodepositing alloy in the form of a substitutional solid solution and a cathode of Wood’s alloy that persisted in either a solid or

Abstract—In order to better integrate 316 L stainless steel implants, in this study, hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HA/CS) nanocomposite coatings, barium titanate/chitosan (BT/CS), and hydroxyapatite/barium titanate/chitosan (HA/BT/CS) were applied on the mentioned steel via electrophoretic deposition at 10 V for 150 s. Tri-ethanolamine was used as a dispersant to create a stable suspension. The microstructure

Abstract—This research is done with the purpose of revealing an increase in the fatigue performance of carbo-nitrided powertrain shafts followed by the second tempering. The fatigue test was conducted at a bi-directional torsional cyclic load using an MTS torque tester. Various investigations were carried out to find out the effect of surface roughness, second tempering, inter granular oxidation, retained

AbstractFurther to traditional corrosion monitoring techniques for rated deteriorations, nowadays modern electrochemical monitoring methods are promising for the control of non-rated damage mechanisms. Considering carbon steel as the most commonly used alloy in the oil and gas industry, there are special grades under NACE MR0175 standard which are immune to sour corrosion. However, according to the

AbstractVarious aspects of the ultrasonic field effect on the technological characteristics of the electrical discharge drilling of small-diameter holes are studied. An increase in process stability increase upon ultrasonic field application is found, and a decrease in the scattering field of machining time values is determined. The quantitative estimation of productivity improvement is performed,

AbstractThe effects of electric field strength and interelectrode distance on the main parameters of boiling under conditions of electrohydrodynamic flow have been studied. It has been found that the field effect exhibits a decrease with increasing heat flux density. The optimum interelectrode distance corresponding to the most intense heat transfer has been determined. Based on visual observations

AbstractThe tribological and electrochemical properties of various nanocomposite coatings of Ni–P–MoS2–SiO2 have been investigated. Such coatings were made by the electroless method and then heated at 400°C for 1 h. The amount of SiO2 nanoparticles was a factor which changed Ni–P–MoS2 coatings characteristics. In addition to microstructure evaluations and the phase detection, the microhardness, the

AbstractUltrafiltration polysulfonamide (PSA) membranes with a molecular weight cutoff of 100 kDa have been treated in a unipolar corona discharge field in an air atmosphere at varying voltage (5, 15, 25, and 35 kV) and corona discharge treatment times (1, 3, and 5 min). Using instrumental methods of analysis, it has been revealed that the treatment leads to changes in the surface structure of the

AbstractThe influence of the electrodeposition potential on the compositional, magnetic, and microstructural properties of CoFe alloy thin films grown on a Cu sputtered silicon substrate was studied. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction results indicate a diffraction peak at 2θ ≈ 45° related to (110) plane of a body-centered cubic structure of CoFe alloy. Field emission scanning electron microscopy

AbstractIn the present paper, Fe3O4@SiO2/GO nanocomposite was synthesized and used to modify a graphite screen-printed electrode. This modified electrode was used to determine levodopa in the presence of tryptophan. Differential pulse voltammetry data showed that the obtained anodic peak currents were linearly dependent on levodopa concentrations in a range of 0.5–800.0 µM, with the detection limit

AbstractThe complex of methods necessary to experimentally study the effect of the deformation rate on the high strength sheet steels (as exemplified by DP780, DP980, and BH240 steels) on the increase in their plasticity during uniaxial and biaxial stretching is determined. The deformation rates of steels were measured in a wide range from 10–4 to 17 × 103 s–1. An FP 10/1 HECKERT tensile testing machine

AbstractThe medicinal compound antifebrin was prepared in the laboratory via one stage (green method) by using aniline, glacial acetic acid, and zinc dust. The investigation was aimed at ascertain a possibility of utilizing the medicinal compound to originate a corrosion inhibitor for Al in a 3 M HCl solution. In the present article, the usefulness of antifebrin to inhibit the Al corrosion in 3 M HCl

AbstractUsing the framework of the classical theory of nucleation, main cluster sizes occurring in the course of electrodeposition are determined. The problem is also considered from the standpoint of Cahn–Hillard theory. The focus is on the qualitative estimation of particle sizes in the course of nanonucleation.

Abstract—V2O5 thin layers are electrodeposited on a stainless steel (Type 18N12Kh9T) anode from an aqueous metavanadate solution. The oxide deposits are subjected to thermal treatment at 300 or 500°C and tested in a redox reaction with lithium. The findings are compared to the behavior of similar deposits obtained from a vanadium oxysulfate solution. The use of prepared deposits in thin-film lithium

AbstractThe performance of five synthesised phosphonium salts, 4-tolyltriphenyl-phosphonium chloride (TTPPC), 4-phenoltriphenylphosphonium chloride (PTPPC), 4-anilinetriphenylphosphonium bromide (ATPPB), 4-benzyl alcoholtriphenylphosphonium chloride (BATPPC), 4-chlorophenyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (CPTPPB) and two commercially available phosphonium salts, tetraphenylphosphonium bromide (TPPB),

Abstract—Theoretical results of investigating the influence of the electric field on cylindrical jets of a liquid dielectric with fast charge relaxation to a weakly nonlinear approximation are presented. It is shown that on free interfaces local and periodically nonlinear deformations and nonlinear waves can be formed. The behavior of the free surfaces of the jets under the changing electric field

Abstract—The results of the experimental studies on the effect of hydrostatic pressure, charge voltage, stored discharge energy, and wire diameter on the amplitude of a pressure wave upon an electric wire explosion in water are presented. It is shown that the amplitude of the pressure wave generated in a liquid increases with an increase in the stored energy and charge voltage, and at an optimum diameter

Abstract—The characteristic features of the hydrothermal synthesis of molybdenum sulfide nanoparticles, using Na2MoO4 as the molybdenum precursor and thioacetamide as the sulfur precursor, at a synthesis temperature of 220°C, and of electrochemical synthesis—anodic formation of nanoparticles from MoS2 single crystals by electrolysis in an ionic liquid—are described. The X-ray fluorescence, optical

AbstractThis work investigates the effect of a liquid medium on the roughness and the chemical composition of an ablated, stainless steel target, as well as on various properties of the laser-generated nanoparticles, such as absorption, hardness, and yield; in addition, some possible applications of laser ablation in both water and hexane are suggested. It is found that changing the liquid medium from

AbstractAn aqueous extract of Macaranga peltata leaves has been investigated as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid medium using gravimetric and electrochemical methods. The inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in the inhibitor concentration and temperature. The aqueous extract of Macaranga peltata leaves acts as mixed type of inhibitor. The adsorptions of

Abstract—Pyrolytic chromium carbide coatings (PCCs) deposited on stainless steel from the vapor phase using metalorganic chromium-containing liquid Barkhos and then annealed at 700−1000°C are investigated using X-ray diffraction and metallographic analysis; the elemental composition is also established. The annealing of PCC samples is carried out in air and in vacuum at different temperatures: 700

AbstractThe effect of the anode material on the rate of electrodeposition of Fe−W alloy coatings from a citrate bath is studied. Both Fe and Ni soluble anodes and Pt and graphite insoluble anodes are addressed. The effects associated with the anode material are attributed to anodic oxidation of an Fe(II)−citrate complex involved in electrodeposition. In addition to its likely oxidation at the anode

AbstractIn the present study, the influence of the pin rotating speed on corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of the friction stir welded (FSW) 6063 aluminum alloy joints was investigated. The welding process was performed at rotating speeds of 800, 1000, and 1200 rpm and a constant traverse speed of 50 mm/min. The joints were analyzed via optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and

AbstractIn this study, electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of graphene coatings were investigated. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements were used to characterize the materials properties. Graphene oxide was prepared using a modified Hummers method. A graphene coating was fabricated by electrophoretic

AbstractThe existence of the phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys via a supercooled liquid state stage is discussed. In dealing with that subject in terms of emergence and ultrarapid solidification of a deeply supercooled metallic liquid represented by a multitude of liquid atomic clusters, an idea was put forth that an identity of the state of aggregation between the

AbstractThe use of dimensional analysis to solve some problems of hydrodynamics associated with convective transport of a liquid medium is presented. In particular, this forms the basis of deriving equations of continuity, thermal conduction, diffusion, and motion of ideal (Euler) and viscous fluids (Navier–Stokes), with some complements from the field of electrohydrodynamics. In addition, the problem

AbstractThe present investigation deals with the electrofabrication of nanostructured Ni-Fe alloy coatings on a mild steel using sulfate bath. The electrolytic bath composition and the current density of the coatings were optimized. Composition analysis by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that the Ni–Fe alloy coatings are of anomalous type. Potentiodynamic polarization corrosion test and

AbstractAnodic polishing of St45 medium carbon steel (0.45 wt % C) and 12Cr18Ni10Ti austenitic stainless steel in aqueous electrolytes based on ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfate is studied under conditions of natural or force convection. Surface roughness, weight loss of the samples and the current resulted from polishing are measured. A possibility of plasma electrolytic polishing using a setup

AbstractThe present paper investigates the effect of cold working and electrochemical nitridation on corrosion resistance of 316L austenitic stainless steel (ASS). The X-ray diffraction results showed that the strain-induced martensite is formed on cold work. Also, the volumetric fraction of strain induced martensite and dislocation density increased with increase in degree of cold work. The cold working

AbstractThe effect of anodizing temperature (10–50°C) at each particular stage of the anodizing process of the commercial AA5052 in 0.4 M H3PO4 at 30 V is studied in relation to the concentration of Mg species in the oxide layer. An advantageous behavior of the alloy is observed in comparison with pure aluminum, especially at 30°C. However, an impediment of anodizing is observed, leading to a reduction

AbstractThe growth kinetics of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on biodegradable Mg−2% Sr alloy with coarse- and ultrafine-grain structures was evaluated. The parameters characterizing the coating growth kinetic were estimated for the alloys with different structures on the basis of a dissolution/deposition model, and their correlation with the coating properties was demonstrated. The coating