样式: 排序: IF: - GO 导出 标记为已读
-
Evolutionary dynamics of mutants that modify population structure. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Josef Tkadlec,Kamran Kaveh,Krishnendu Chatterjee,Martin A Nowak
Natural selection is usually studied between mutants that differ in reproductive rate, but are subject to the same population structure. Here we explore how natural selection acts on mutants that have the same reproductive rate, but different population structures. In our framework, population structure is given by a graph that specifies where offspring can disperse. The invading mutant disperses offspring
-
A geometric process of evolutionary game dynamics. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Philip LaPorte,Martin A Nowak
Many evolutionary processes occur in phenotype spaces which are continuous. It is therefore of interest to explore how selection operates in continuous spaces. One approach is adaptive dynamics, which assumes that mutants are local. Here we study a different process which also allows non-local mutants. We assume that a resident population is challenged by an invader who uses a strategy chosen from
-
A general model for the motion of multivalent cargo interacting with substrates. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 L S Mosby,A Straube,M Polin
Multivalent interactions are common in biology at many different length scales, and can result in the directional motion of multivalent cargo along substrates. Here, a general analytical model has been developed that can describe the directional motion of multivalent cargo as a response to position dependence in the binding and unbinding rates exhibited by their interaction sites. Cargo exhibit both
-
Assessing the impacts of genetic defects on starch metabolism in Arabidopsis plants using the carbon homeostasis model. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Shuichi N Kudo,Carolina C M Bello,Anthony Artins,Camila Caldana,Akiko Satake
Starch serves as an important carbon storage mechanism for many plant species, facilitating their adaptation to the cyclic variations in the light environment, including day-night cycles as well as seasonal changes in photoperiod. By dynamically adjusting starch accumulation and degradation rates, plants maintain carbon homeostasis, enabling continuous growth under fluctuating environmental conditions
-
Strong attachment as an adaptation of flightless weevils on windy oceanic islands. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Lu-Yi Wang,Chung-Ping Lin,Stanislav N Gorb,Hamed Rajabi
Enhanced attachment ability is common in plants on islands to avoid potential fatal passive dispersal. However, whether island insects also have increased attachment ability remains unclear. Here we measured the attachment of a flightless weevil, Pachyrhynchus sarcitis kotoensis, from tropical islands, and compared it with documented arthropods from the mainland. We examined the morphology and material
-
Honeybee cluster-not insulation but stressful heat sink. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Derek Mitchell
Since the early twentieth century, the outer layer (mantle) of honeybees (Apis mellifera) in the winter cluster has been said to insulate the cluster core. This has encouraged enforced clustering, by the beekeepers' dominant use of inadequately insulated hives and, in North America, refrigeration. This is often seen as a benign or even a necessary process, with beekeeping and academic research considering
-
The hydrodynamics and kinematics of the appendicularian tail underpin peristaltic pumping. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Terra C Hiebert,Brad J Gemmell,George von Dassow,Keats R Conley,Kelly R Sutherland
Planktonic organisms feed while suspended in water using various hydrodynamic pumping strategies. Appendicularians are a unique group of plankton that use their tail to pump water over mucous mesh filters to concentrate food particles. As ubiquitous and often abundant members of planktonic ecosystems, they play a major role in oceanic food webs. Yet, we lack a complete understanding of the fluid flow
-
An upright life, the postural stability of birds: a tensegrity system. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Anick Abourachid,Christine Chevallereau,Idriss Pelletan,Philippe Wenger
Birds are so stable that they can rest and even sleep standing up. We propose that stable static balance is achieved by tensegrity. The rigid bones can be held together by tension in the tendons, allowing the system to stabilize under the action of gravity. We used the proportions of the bird's osteomuscular system to create a mathematical model. First, the extensor muscles and tendons of the leg are
-
A geometric framework for reaction enumeration in computational nucleic acid devices. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Sarika Kumar,Matthew R Lakin
Cascades of DNA strand displacement reactions enable the design of potentially large circuits with complex behaviour. Computational modelling of such systems is desirable to enable rapid design and analysis. In previous work, the expressive power of graph theory was used to enumerate reactions implementing strand displacement across a wide range of complex structures. However, coping with the rich
-
Evolutionary rescue on genotypic fitness landscapes. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 L M Wahl,Paulo R A Campos
Populations facing adverse environments, novel pathogens or invasive competitors may be destined to extinction if they are unable to adapt rapidly. Quantitative predictions of the probability of survival through adaptation, evolutionary rescue, have been previously developed for one of the most natural and well-studied mappings from an organism's traits to its fitness, Fisher's geometric model (FGM)
-
Red edge excitation shift spectroscopy is highly sensitive to tryptophan composition. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Annmaree K Warrender,Jolyn Pan,Chris Pudney,Vickery L Arcus,William Kelton
Red edge excitation shift (REES) spectroscopy relies on the unique emission profiles of fluorophore-solvent interactions to profile protein molecular dynamics. Recently, we reported the use of REES to compare the stability of 32 polymorphic IgG antibodies natively containing tryptophan reporter fluorophores. Here, we expand on this work to investigate the sensitivity of REES to variations in tryptophan
-
A two-scale numerical study on the mechanobiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Misael Dalbosco,Michele Terzano,Thiago A Carniel,Eduardo A Fancello,Gerhard A Holzapfel
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a serious condition whose pathophysiology is related to phenomena occurring at different length scales. To gain a better understanding of the disease, this work presents a multi-scale computational study that correlates AAA progression with microstructural and mechanical alterations in the tissue. Macro-scale geometries of a healthy aorta and idealized aneurysms
-
The ecology-evolution continuum and the origin of life. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 David A Baum,Zhen Peng,Emily Dolson,Eric Smith,Alex M Plum,Praful Gagrani
Prior research on evolutionary mechanisms during the origin of life has mainly assumed the existence of populations of discrete entities with information encoded in genetic polymers. Recent theoretical advances in autocatalytic chemical ecology establish a broader evolutionary framework that allows for adaptive complexification prior to the emergence of bounded individuals or genetic encoding. This
-
Characterizing network circuity among heterogeneous urban amenities. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Bibandhan Poudyal,Gourab Ghoshal,Alec Kirkley
The spatial configuration of urban amenities and the streets connecting them collectively provide the structural backbone of a city, influencing its accessibility, vitality and ultimately the well-being of its residents. Most accessibility measures focus on the proximity of amenities in space or along transportation networks, resulting in metrics largely determined by urban density alone. These measures
-
Immobilization protects enzymes from plasma-mediated inactivation. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Tim Dirks,Abdulkadir Yayci,Sabrina Klopsch,Marco Krewing,Wuyuan Zhang,Frank Hollmann,Julia E Bandow
Non-thermal plasmas are used in various applications to inactivate biological agents or biomolecules. A complex cocktail of reactive species, (vacuum) UV radiation and in some cases exposure to an electric field together cause the detrimental effects. In contrast to this disruptive property of technical plasmas, we have shown previously that it is possible to use non-thermal plasma-generated species
-
The role of hydrodynamics in collective motions of fish schools and bioinspired underwater robots. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Hungtang Ko,George Lauder,Radhika Nagpal
Collective behaviour defines the lives of many animal species on the Earth. Underwater swarms span several orders of magnitude in size, from coral larvae and krill to tunas and dolphins. Agent-based algorithms have modelled collective movements of animal groups by use of social forces, which approximate the behaviour of individual animals. But details of how swarming individuals interact with the fluid
-
The cold atmospheric pressure plasma-generated species superoxide, singlet oxygen and atomic oxygen activate the molecular chaperone Hsp33. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Tim Dirks,Marco Krewing,Katharina Vogel,Julia E Bandow
Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas are used for surface decontamination or disinfection, e.g. in clinical settings. Protein aggregation has been shown to significantly contribute to the antibacterial mechanisms of plasma. To investigate the potential role of the redox-activated zinc-binding chaperone Hsp33 in preventing protein aggregation and thus mediating plasma resistance, we compared the plasma
-
Modelling the impacts of male alternative reproductive tactics on population dynamics. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Jennifer A M Young,Sigal Balshine,David J D Earn
Observations of male alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) in a variety of species have stimulated the development of mathematical models that can account for the evolution and stable coexistence of multiple male phenotypes. However, little attention has been given to the population dynamic consequences of ARTs. We present a population model that takes account of the existence of two male ARTs (guarders
-
How honeybees respond to heat stress from the individual to colony level. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Jitesh Jhawar,Jacob D Davidson,Anja Weidenmüller,Benjamin Wild,David M Dormagen,Tim Landgraf,Iain D Couzin,Michael L Smith
A honey bee colony functions as an integrated collective, with individuals coordinating their behaviour to adapt and respond to unexpected disturbances. Nest homeostasis is critical for colony function; when ambient temperatures increase, individuals switch to thermoregulatory roles to cool the nest, such as fanning and water collection. While prior work has focused on bees engaged in specific behaviours
-
A variable heart rate multi-compartmental coupled model of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Sam Lishak,Gevik Grigorian,Sandip V George,Nicholas C Ovenden,Rebecca J Shipley,Simon Arridge
Current mathematical models of the cardiovascular system that are based on systems of ordinary differential equations are limited in their ability to mimic important features of measured patient data, such as variable heart rates (HR). Such limitations present a significant obstacle in the use of such models for clinical decision-making, as it is the variations in vital signs such as HR and systolic
-
A tumour-spheroid manufacturing and cryopreservation process that yields a highly reproducible product ready for direct use in drug screening assays. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Md Shafiullah Shajib,Kathryn Futrega,Anthony M Davies,Rose Ann G Franco,Eamonn McKenna,Bianca Guillesser,Travis J Klein,Ross W Crawford,Michael R Doran
If it were possible to purchase tumour-spheroids as a standardised product, ready for direct use in assays, this may contribute to greater research reproducibility, potentially reducing costs and accelerating outcomes. Herein, we describe a workflow where uniformly sized cancer tumour-spheroids are mass-produced using microwell culture, cryopreserved with high viability, and then cultured in neutral
-
Correction to: 'Bayesian inference on a microstructural, hyperelastic model of tendon deformation' (2022) by Forsyth et al. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Jessica E Forsyth,James Casey,Simon L Cotter,William J Parnell,Tom Shearer
-
Information theory-based direct causality measure to assess cardiac fibrillation dynamics. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Xili Shi,Arunashis Sau,Xinyang Li,Kiran Patel,Nikesh Bajaj,Marta Varela,Huiyi Wu,Balvinder Handa,Ahran Arnold,Matthew Shun-Shin,Daniel Keene,James Howard,Zachary Whinnett,Nicholas Peters,Kim Christensen,Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen,Fu Siong Ng
Understanding the mechanism sustaining cardiac fibrillation can facilitate the personalization of treatment. Granger causality analysis can be used to determine the existence of a hierarchical fibrillation mechanism that is more amenable to ablation treatment in cardiac time-series data. Conventional Granger causality based on linear predictability may fail if the assumption is not met or given sparsely
-
A primer on correlation-based dimension reduction methods for multi-omics analysis. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Tim Downing,Nicos Angelopoulos
The continuing advances of omic technologies mean that it is now more tangible to measure the numerous features collectively reflecting the molecular properties of a sample. When multiple omic methods are used, statistical and computational approaches can exploit these large, connected profiles. Multi-omics is the integration of different omic data sources from the same biological sample. In this review
-
Rapid, non-invasive, in vivo measurement of tissue mechanical properties using gravitational loading and a nonlinear virtual fields method. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 S L Evans,B E Keenan,J Hill,S Zappala,N Bennion,S Avril
Measuring the mechanical properties of soft tissues in vivo is important in biomechanics and for diagnosis and staging of diseases, but challenging because it is difficult to control the boundary conditions. We present a novel, non-invasive method for measuring tissue properties using gravitational loading. MRI images of an organ in different positions are registered to measure tissue displacements
-
Rapid and reversible humidity-dependent colour change by water film formation in a scaled springtail. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Bram Vanthournout,Frans Janssens,Gerben Debruyn,Johan Mertens,Karen De Clerck,Liliana D'Alba,Matthew Shawkey
Colour is often not a static trait but can change over time either through biotic or abiotic factors. Humidity-dependent colour change can occur through either morphological change (e.g. to feather barbules in birds) or by the replacement of air by water causing a shift in refractive index, as seen in arthropod multi-layer cuticles or scales. The scaled springtail Lepidocyrtus cyaneus has scales that
-
A simple model of wake capture aerodynamics. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Mostafa R A Nabawy
Flapping wings may encounter or 'capture' the wake from previous half-stroke, leading to local changes in the instantaneous aerodynamic force on the wing at the start of each half-stroke. In this paper, I developed a simple approach to integrating prediction of these wake capture effects into existing analytical quasi-steady models for hovering insect flapping flight. The local wake flow field is modelled
-
Micromagnetic calculation of the magnetite magnetosomal morphology control of magnetism in magnetotactic bacteria. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Zhaowen Pei,Liao Chang,Fan Bai,Richard J Harrison
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), which precisely bio-synthesize magnetosomes of magnetite or greigite nanoparticles, have attracted broad interdisciplinary interests in microbiology, magnetic materials, biotechnology and geobiology. Previous experimental and numerical investigations demonstrate a close link among MTB species, magnetosome crystal habits, and magnetic characteristics, but quantitative constraints
-
The effect of fibre cell remodelling on the power and optical quality of the lens. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 J Rodriguez,Q Tan,H Šikić,L A Taber,S Bassnett
Vertebrate eye lenses are uniquely adapted to form a refractive index gradient (GRIN) for improved acuity, and to grow slowly in size despite constant cell proliferation. The mechanisms behind these adaptations remain poorly understood. We hypothesize that cell compaction contributes to both. To test this notion, we examined the relationship between lens size and shape, refractive characteristics and
-
Counterintuitive prey strategies against predators with finite budgets: protection heterogeneity among sites matters more than their number. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Paul Clémençon,Steve Alpern,Shmuel Gal,Jérôme Casas
Combining the search and pursuit aspects of predator-prey interactions into a single game, where the payoff to the Searcher (predator) is the probability of finding and capturing the Hider (prey) within a fixed number of searches was proposed by Gal and Casas (J. R. Soc. Interface 11, 20140062 (doi:10.1098/rsif.2014.0062)). Subsequent models allowed the predator to continue its search (in another 'round')
-
Perivascular pumping of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain with a valve mechanism. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Yiming Gan,Stephanie Holstein-Rønsbo,Maiken Nedergaard,Kimberly A S Boster,John H Thomas,Douglas H Kelley
The flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) along perivascular spaces (PVSs) is an important part of the brain's system for clearing metabolic waste. Experiments reveal that arterial motions from cardiac pulsations and functional hyperaemiadrive CSF in the same direction as the blood flow, but the mechanism producing this directionality is unclear. Astrocyte endfeet bound the PVSs of penetrating arteries
-
Modelling the anisotropic inelastic response of polymeric scaffolds for in situ tissue engineering applications. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Michele Terzano,Maximilian P Wollner,Manuel P Kainz,Malte Rolf-Pissarczyk,Nils Götzen,Gerhard A Holzapfel
In situ tissue engineering offers an innovative solution for replacement valves and grafts in cardiovascular medicine. In this approach, a scaffold, which can be obtained by polymer electrospinning, is implanted into the human body and then infiltrated by cells, eventually replacing the scaffold with native tissue. In silico simulations of the whole process in patient-specific models, including implantation
-
Waiting in crowded places: influence of number of pedestrians, waiting time and obstacles. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Mira Küpper,Armin Seyfried
At crowded places, like railway platforms at rush hour, the spatial distribution of waiting pedestrians has a significant influence on performance and level of comfort. However, the choice of waiting places and the resulting spatial distribution of the crowd have rarely been studied. This study investigates the effects of obstacles, number of passengers and waiting time on the distribution of waiting
-
Extending susceptible-infectious-recovered-susceptible epidemics to allow for gradual waning of immunity. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Mohamed El Khalifi,Tom Britton
Susceptible-infectious-recovered-susceptible (SIRS) epidemic models assume that individual immunity wanes in one leap, from complete immunity to complete susceptibility. For many diseases immunity on the contrary wanes gradually, something that has become even more evident during COVID-19 pandemic where also recently infected have a reinfection risk, and booster vaccines are given to increase immunity
-
Off-label drug use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa: topic modelling and sentiment analysis of ivermectin in South Africa and Nigeria as a case study. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Z Movahedi Nia,N L Bragazzi,A Ahamadi,A Asgary,B Mellado,J Orbinski,L Seyyed-Kalantari,W A Woldegerima,J Wu,J D Kong
Although rejected by the World Health Organization, the human and even veterinary formulation of ivermectin has widely been used for prevention and treatment of COVID-19. In this work we leverage Twitter to understand the reasons for the drug use from ivermectin supporters, their source of information, their emotions, their gender demographics, and location information, in Nigeria and South Africa
-
Spider dynamics under vertical vibration and its implications for biological vibration sensing. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Jun Wu,Thomas E Miller,Alice Cicirello,Beth Mortimer
Often overlooked, vibration transmission through the entire body of an animal is an important factor in understanding vibration sensing in animals. To investigate the role of dynamic properties and vibration transmission through the body, we used a modal test and lumped parameter modelling for a spider. The modal test used laser vibrometry data on a tarantula, and revealed five modes of the spider
-
Mathematical modelling with Bayesian inference to quantitatively characterize therapeutic cell behaviour in nerve tissue engineering. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Maxime Berg,Despoina Eleftheriadou,James B Phillips,Rebecca J Shipley
Cellular engineered neural tissues have significant potential to improve peripheral nerve repair strategies. Traditional approaches depend on quantifying tissue behaviours using experiments in isolation, presenting a challenge for an overarching framework for tissue design. By comparison, mathematical cell-solute models benchmarked against experimental data enable computational experiments to be performed
-
Seeing through noise in power laws. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Qianying Lin,Mitchell Newberry
Despite widespread claims of power laws across the natural and social sciences, evidence in data is often equivocal. Modern data and statistical methods reject even classic power laws such as Pareto's law of wealth and the Gutenberg-Richter law for earthquake magnitudes. We show that the maximum-likelihood estimators and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) statistics in widespread use are unexpectedly sensitive
-
Zigzag persistence for coral reef resilience using a stochastic spatial model. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 R A McDonald,R Neuhausler,M Robinson,L G Larsen,H A Harrington,M Bruna
A complex interplay between species governs the evolution of spatial patterns in ecology. An open problem in the biological sciences is characterizing spatio-temporal data and understanding how changes at the local scale affect global dynamics/behaviour. Here, we extend a well-studied temporal mathematical model of coral reef dynamics to include stochastic and spatial interactions and generate data
-
Elastic pinch biomechanisms can yield consistent launch speeds regardless of projectile mass. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Justin F Jorge,S N Patek
Energetic trade-offs are particularly pertinent to bio-ballistic systems which impart energy to projectiles exclusively during launch. We investigated such trade-offs in the spring-propelled seeds of Loropetalum chinense, Hamamelis virginiana and Fortunearia sinensis. Using similar seed-shooting mechanisms, fruits of these confamilial plants (Hamamelidaceae) span an order of magnitude in spring and
-
Efficient assessment of real-world dynamics of circadian rhythms in heart rate and body temperature from wearable data. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Dae Wook Kim,Caleb Mayer,Minki P Lee,Sung Won Choi,Muneesh Tewari,Daniel B Forger
Laboratory studies have made unprecedented progress in understanding circadian physiology. Quantifying circadian rhythms outside of laboratory settings is necessary to translate these findings into real-world clinical practice. Wearables have been considered promising way to measure these rhythms. However, their limited validation remains an open problem. One major barrier to implementing large-scale
-
Biomechanical determinants of endothelial permeability assessed in standard and modified hollow-fibre bioreactors. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Stephen G Gray,Peter D Weinberg
Effects of mechanical stress on the permeability of vascular endothelium are important to normal physiology and in the development of atherosclerosis. Here we elucidate novel effects using commercially available and modified hollow-fibre bioreactors, in which endothelial cells form confluent monolayers lining plastic capillaries with porous walls, contained in a cartridge. The capillaries were perfused
-
The tight attachment achieved by the male discoidal setae is possibly a counter-adaptation to the grease layer on female integument surfaces in green dock beetles. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Yoko Matsumura,Elena V Gorb,Stanislav N Gorb
Green dock beetles Gastrophysa viridula exhibit sexual dimorphism in tarsal attachment setae: females have only pointed, lanceolate and spatula-like setae, while males additionally possess discoidal ones. The sexual dimorphism is probably attributed to the necessity of male discoidal setae to adhere to the smooth back of the female during copulation. We aimed to understand its possible mechanism of
-
A functional framework for interpreting phalangeal form. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Edwin Dickinson,Melody W Young,Nicholas D Flaim,Aleksander Sawiec,Michael C Granatosky
Across tetrapods, the proportional lengths of the manual and pedal phalanges are highly constrained, following a generalized blueprint of shortening in a proximodistal gradient. Despite this, several lineages of both mammals (e.g. sloths, bats and colugos) and birds (e.g. raptors, parrots and woodpeckers) have broken this pattern, shortening the proximal phalanx while elongating more distal elements
-
Reconstructing multi-strain pathogen interactions from cross-sectional survey data via statistical network inference. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Irene Man,Elisa Benincà,Mirjam E Kretzschmar,Johannes A Bogaards
Infectious diseases often involve multiple pathogen species or multiple strains of the same pathogen. As such, knowledge of how different pathogens interact is key to understand and predict the outcome of interventions targeting only a subset of species or strains involved in disease. Population-level data may be useful to infer pathogen strain interactions, but most previously used inference methods
-
An analysis of time-varying dynamics in electrically sensitive arthropod hairs to understand real-world electrical sensing. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Ryan A Palmer,Liam J O'Reilly,Jacob Carpenter,Isaac V Chenchiah,Daniel Robert
With increasing evidence of electroreception in terrestrial arthropods, an understanding of receptor level processes is vital to appreciating the capabilities and limits of this sense. Here, we examine the spatio-temporal sensitivity of mechanoreceptive filiform hairs in detecting electrical fields. We first present empirical data, highlighting the time-varying characteristics of biological electrical
-
Self-assembly of a barnacle cement protein into intertwined amyloid fibres and determination of their adhesive and viscoelastic properties. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Maura A Tilbury,Thi Quynh Tran,Dilip Shingare,Mathilde Lefevre,Anne Marie Power,Philippe Leclère,J Gerard Wall
The stalked barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes uses a multi-protein cement to adhere to highly varied substrates in marine environments. We investigated the morphology and adhesiveness of a component 19 kDa protein in barnacle cement gland- and seawater-like conditions, using transmission electron microscopy and state-of-the art scanning probe techniques. The protein formed amyloid fibres after 5 days
-
Sheet and void porous media models for brain interstitial space. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Charles Nicholson
The interstitial space (ISS) component of brain extracellular space resembles an unconsolidated porous medium. Previous analysis of the diffusion of small molecules in this domain shows that the typical porosity is 0.2 and typical tortuosity 1.6. An ensemble of cubic cells separated by uniform sheets of ISS cannot generate the measured tortuosity, even if some of the tortuosity value is attributed
-
Towards the optimization of passive undulatory locomotion on land: mathematical and physical models. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Basit Yaqoob,Emanuela Del Dottore,Alessio Mondini,Andrea Rodella,Barbara Mazzolai,Nicola M Pugno
The current study investigates the body-environment interaction and exploits the passive viscoelastic properties of the body to perform undulatory locomotion. The investigations are carried out using a mathematical model based on a dry frictional environment, and the results are compared with the performance obtained using a physical model. The physical robot is a wheel-based modular system with flexible
-
The interplay of social constraints and individual variation in risk tolerance in the emergence of superspreaders. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Matthew J Young,Matthew J Silk,Alexander J Pritchard,Nina H Fefferman
Individual host behaviours can drastically impact the spread of infection through a population. Differences in the value individuals place on both socializing with others and avoiding infection have been shown to yield emergent homophily in social networks and thereby shape epidemic outcomes. We build on this understanding to explore how individuals who do not conform to their social surroundings contribute
-
Tissues as networks of cells: towards generative rules of complex organ development. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-26 Sabine C Fischer,George W Bassel,Philip Kollmannsberger
Network analysis is a well-known and powerful tool in molecular biology. More recently, it has been introduced in developmental biology. Tissues can be readily translated into spatial networks such that cells are represented by nodes and intercellular connections by edges. This discretization of cellular organization enables mathematical approaches rooted in network science to be applied towards the
-
The chemistry of an insect ear: ionic composition of a liquid-filled ear and haemolymphs of Neotropical katydids. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Fabio A Sarria-S,Fernando Montealegre-Z,Jose Gonzalez-Rodriguez
The purpose of this study is to examine and to compare the ionic composition of the haemolymph and the ear fluid of seven species of katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) with the aim of providing from a biochemical perspective a preliminary assessment for an insect liquid contained in the auditory organ of katydids with a hearing mechanism reminiscent of that found in vertebrates. A multi-element trace
-
Heterogeneous ATP patterns in microvascular networks. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Zhe Gou,Hengdi Zhang,Chaouqi Misbah
ATP is not only an energy carrier but also serves as an important signalling molecule in many physiological processes. Abnormal ATP level in blood vessel is known to be related to several pathologies, such as inflammation, hypoxia and atherosclerosis. Using advanced numerical methods, we analysed ATP released by red blood cells (RBCs) and its degradation by endothelial cells (ECs) in a cat mesentery-inspired
-
Exploring the criticality hypothesis using programmable swarm robots with Vicsek-like interactions. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Xiaokang Lei,Yalun Xiang,Mengyuan Duan,Xingguang Peng
A widely mentioned but not experimentally confirmed view (known as the 'criticality hypothesis') argues that biological swarm systems gain optimal responsiveness to perturbations and information processing capabilities by operating near the critical state where an ordered-to-disordered state transition occurs. However, various factors can induce the ordered-disordered transition, and the explicit relationship
-
Astrocyte endfeet may theoretically act as valves to convert pressure oscillations to glymphatic flow. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Peter A R Bork,Antonio Ladrón-de-Guevara,Anneline H Christensen,Kaare H Jensen,Maiken Nedergaard,Tomas Bohr
The glymphatic system of cerebrospinal fluid transport through the perivascular spaces of the brain has been implicated in metabolic waste clearance, neurodegenerative diseases and in acute neurological disorders such as stroke and cardiac arrest. In other biological low-pressure fluid pathways such as in veins and the peripheral lymphatic system, valves play an important role in ensuring the flow
-
Physical interactions in non-ideal fluids promote Turing patterns. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Lucas Menou,Chengjie Luo,David Zwicker
Turing's mechanism is often invoked to explain periodic patterns in nature, although direct experimental support is scarce. Turing patterns form in reaction-diffusion systems when the activating species diffuse much slower than the inhibiting species, and the involved reactions are highly nonlinear. Such reactions can originate from cooperativity, whose physical interactions should also affect diffusion
-
Surface texture heterogeneity in maculated bird eggshells. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Marie R G Attard,James Bowen,Steven J Portugal
Many of the world's 10 000 bird species lay coloured or patterned eggs. The large diversity of eggshell patterning among birds, achieved through pigment, has been attributed to a few selective agents such as crypsis, thermoregulation, egg recognition, mate signalling, egg strength and protecting the embryo from UV. Pigmentation may influence the texture of eggshells, which in turn may be important
-
Molecular-scale substrate anisotropy, crowding and division drive collective behaviours in cell monolayers. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Yimin Luo,Mengyang Gu,Minwook Park,Xinyi Fang,Younghoon Kwon,Juan Manuel Urueña,Javier Read de Alaniz,Matthew E Helgeson,Cristina M Marchetti,Megan T Valentine
The ability of cells to reorganize in response to external stimuli is important in areas ranging from morphogenesis to tissue engineering. While nematic order is common in biological tissues, it typically only extends to small regions of cells interacting via steric repulsion. On isotropic substrates, elongated cells can co-align due to steric effects, forming ordered but randomly oriented finite-size
-
Free energy dissipation enhances spatial accuracy and robustness of self-positioned Turing pattern in small biochemical systems. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Dongliang Zhang,Chenghao Zhang,Qi Ouyang,Yuhai Tu
Accurate and robust spatial orders are ubiquitous in living systems. In 1952, Turing proposed a general mechanism for pattern formation exemplified by a reaction-diffusion model with two chemical species in a large system. However, in small biological systems such as a cell, the existence of multiple Turing patterns and strong noise can lower the spatial order. Recently, a modified reaction-diffusion
-
The biomechanics of tooth strength: testing the utility of simple models for predicting fracture in geometrically complex teeth. J. Royal Soc. Interface (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Rachel S Sender,David S Strait
Teeth must fracture foods while avoiding being fractured themselves. This study evaluated dome biomechanical models used to describe tooth strength. Finite-element analysis (FEA) tested whether the predictions of the dome models applied to the complex geometry of an actual tooth. A finite-element model was built from microCT scans of a human M3. The FEA included three loading regimes simulating contact