A green and straightforward emulsification liquid–liquid micro-extraction combined with the HPLC approach was established for the determination of malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV) in shrimp water samples using deep eutectic solvent (DES). The DES was made up of thymol and camphor at a molar ratio of 1:1, which was used as extraction agent, and nonionic surfactant TMN-10 (branched secondary

In the present study, a sulphated siliceous zirconia catalyst (SSZ-550) has been prepared and characterized by XRD and FTIR analysis to indicate the incorporation of sulphate group over the matrix. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy also revealed that sulphur group was incorporated over the matrix to impart the Brønsted acidity to the catalyst which is vital for the acetylation activity. To optimize

The biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) by growing and resting cells of Rhodococcus erythropolis PTCC 1767 was studied in this work. The effects of Tween 80 on cell growth and its DBT desulfurization ability were investigated in both aqueous and two-phase systems. The growth-supportive behavior of Tween 80 along with its role in increasing the DBT solubility provided an effective biocatalytic

Herein, the potentiality of carbon-containing molecules (W–C–F3, where W is a withdrawing atom or group) to interact with Lewis bases (B), Lewis acids (A) and σ–hole-containing molecules (X2) with W–C···B/A/X2 angle of 180° was reported. −σ–hole and +σ–hole terminologies were implemented to describe the interactions of W–C–F3 with nucleophilic and electrophilic sites, respectively. To characterize

The effectiveness and efficiency of the reactive extraction technique for recovery of propionic acid and malic acid from aqueous solution were investigated. Kinetic studies for the solute (acid)–solvent (trioctylamine dissolved in 1-decanol) system were carried out and mass transfer coefficients experimentally determined. These parameters are necessary for the proper design of an extraction unit. The

An ion chromatographic method for separation and determination of the sum of the rare earth elements in addition to the individual determination of some heavy metal ions has been developed. The separation has been performed on a mixed bed column, IonPac CS5A containing both anion and cation exchange sites. Selective separation of heavy metals was performed by isocratic elution using pyridine-(2,6)-dicarboxylic

The present study focuses on the synthesis of high-antifouling TiO2/3-cyanopropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES)/Metformin-polyethersulfone (PES) membrane with various dosages of NPs (0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt%). The performance of the membranes was studied by the rejection of Cu(II) ions, COD content and dye removal from liquorice extraction plant (LEP) wastewater. The properties of the prepared nanoparticles (NPs)

Abstract Reactive distillation is a strengthening process, which is widely used for the transesterification of propylene carbonate and methanol to synthesize dimethyl carbonate. In this paper, suitable catalysts of ZrO2–Al2O3 solid solutions were prepared for distillation column. The structure–property correlations were characterized by XRD, XPS, N2 adsorption–desorption, CO2-TPD, and NH3-TPD. The

The determination of stoichiometric ratios and stability constants of metal–ligand complexes is of great importance for physical, chemical, biochemical, and environmental studies and often require relatively expensive and sophisticated instruments. Herein, we introduce a simple, accurate, and low-cost method for determining these parameters by a conventional digital camera. The stoichiometric ratios

Three recently introduced ethanol equivalent-based sustainability metrics i.e., the sustainability value of resource replacement, the sustainability value of the fate of waste, and the sustainability indicator were used to assess the environmental sustainability of the possible bioethanol-based chemical industry in the Visegrad countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. The production

In connection with the widespread use of pesticides, the question arose of their possible danger to humans and the environment. The danger of using pesticides can be associated with the presence of residues in food products, with the pollution of water bodies, soil and other objects. Therefore, water treatment from pesticides is a major environmental task. In this study, the hydrophobic poly(ethylene

ZnO nanoparticles, as fabricated using Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extract, have been investigated for their photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities. However, the ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using precursor, Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O at different concentrations (5, 10 and 50 mmol kg−1) at 70 °C and pH 11.5. The synthesized materials were characterized by employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Present manuscript deals with the comprehensive solventless coupling of carbon dioxide and epoxides to yield cyclic carbonates catalyzed by cobalt complex [Co-HPEED]. Different spectroscopic techniques are used to characterize this cobalt complex, which confirm its square planar geometry. The cobalt complex shows high catalytic activity toward the formation of cyclic carbonates. We found that the types

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and silver-doped CdTe (CdTe/Ag) nanocrystals have been used to study the antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli) by disc diffusion method. Here, CdTe and CdTe/Ag nanocrystals have been prepared by chemical method and characterized by transmission

This study evaluated the immobilization of Fe/Ni nanoparticles (Fe/Ni-NPs) on silica, bentonite and chitosan beads (CBs). The material generated by supporting Fe/Ni-NPs on CBs (Fe/Ni-CB) presented more advantageous characteristics for application in fluidized bed reactors (FBRs) than the others, such as high mechanical resistance and chemical stability. The Gates Gaudin and Schuman mathematical model

Carbon nanotube aerogel (CNT aerogel) was synthesized through the catalytic decomposition of toluene in the mixture of ferrocene and thiophene through floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method. This study described the effect of (Ar and H2) carrier gas flow rate on the quality and yield of CNT aerogel. Results indicated that the flow rate of the gas was an important parameter which helped

One-step recovery of copper(II) from ammonia/ammonium sulfate solution by combining supported liquid membrane and electro-deposition process was investigated. The fundamental parameters enhancing copper transport through a supported liquid membrane, such as carrier concentration of N902 extractant in the membrane, H2SO4 concentration in the stripping phase, temperature and ultrasonication, were examined

Abstract The 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay is a valid and commonly test used to measure the total antioxidant capacity in natural extracts. The results of this assay are frequently expressed as IC50 values. Nevertheless, the reported IC50 value is influenced by the concentration of the DPPH solution used in the methodology. Consequently, the aim of this study was to

Abstract In this study, possibilities of increasing the efficiency of electrothermal regeneration of the granular BPL carbon were evaluated. The adsorbent was used to purification of propan-2-ol (IPA)-laden air streams with specified concentrations ranging from 2 to 11 g/m3. The experiments were carried out in the fixed beds containing either a single layer of BPL 4 × 6 carbon or a double layer of

In the present work, the molecules, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[6-(benzoyl)-2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl]acetamide (CBBA), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)-2-[6-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl]acetamide (MCBA), N-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2-[6-(2-fluorobenzoyl)-2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl]acetamide (CFBA) and N-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)-2-[6-(2-fluorobenzoyl)-2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl]acetamide (MFBA) have been synthesized followed

Silica particles synthesized by precipitation method were in situ capped with Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) compounds aiming to increase their biocompatibility. XRD, FTIR, TG/DSC, DLS and SEM analyses were performed to determine the crystalline structure, attached functional groups, thermal behaviour, size and morphology of silica particles. XRD analysis showed

Two new complexes, [M(4-CNB)2(DENA)2(H2O)2] (where M: Co and Mn, 4-CNB = 4-cyanobenzoate and DENA = N,N’-diethylnicotinamide), were synthesized and characterized using different techniques (elemental analysis, FT-IR Spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and TGA/DTA analysis). Looking at the crystal structure of the complexes, the metal atoms are coordinated by two nitrogen atoms from two

The aim of this research is evaluation of the performance of Pistacia khinjuk aerial part extract (PKAPE) on the corrosion of carbon steel in 2.0 M hydrochloric acid and 1.0 M sulfuric acid solutions and comparing the differences in the behavior of the extract in these two acidic environments. For this study, the classical method of weight loss and electrochemical methods [open-circuit potential (OCP)

Peptidoglycan is an essential component of the bacterial cell wall and is required for the survival of bacteria. ATP-dependent MurC–F ligases are responsible for the early stages of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Second in the series, MurD catalyzes the addition of d-glutamic acid to UDP-MurNAc-l-Ala which involves acyl-phosphate and tetrahedral intermediates. Due to its high specificity for d-glutamic

In this work, the green synthesis of silver-silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag@AgClNPs) has been used the plant leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata (C. odorata) as a reducing and capping agent. The effects of parameters on the formation of Ag@AgCl nanoparticles (Ag@AgClNPs such as the ratio of C. odorata raw material/water, the extraction temperature, the extraction duration, and the volume ratios of

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of altering design variables like cross-linking and freezing temperature (at a time) on morphology of freeze-dried chitosan scaffolds and modulation of release of Diclofenac sodium (model drug). Freeze-dried chitosan scaffolds produced at − 80 °C, cross-linked with genipin, showed swelling of 163.52 ± 9.95% with sustained drug release of 26.37 ± 10

Abstract A cloud point extraction-chromogenic system for vanadium determination containing 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol (TAR), H2O2, H2SO4, and Triton X-100 was investigated. Optimal conditions for the formation and extraction of a 1:2:1 (VV:O22−:TAR) ternary complex with an absorption maximum at 569 nm were found: concentration of TAR (4 × 10−5 mol dm−3), concentration of H2O2 (1.2 × 10−4 mol dm−3)

Abstract Different reaction conditions on the conversion of lignin and monophenol yield were investigated under the catalysis of (5% Mo)-Al2O3-ZrO2; the maximum conversion rate (78.9%) and monophenol yield (31.9%) were observed at 350 °C and 0.2 g catalyst using iso-propanol, in 45 min. The GC–MS analysis revealed that the main alkyl-substituted phenols are 4-ethyl-phenol (17.7%), 4-methyl-phenol (2

In this study, the ability of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) for the controlled release of agrochemicals including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and bentazon was investigated. This study was divided into two works. In the first work, the release of IAA loaded into the NAA pores was studied, and a new two-stage mechanism was proposed for the description of this release process. The first stage was modeled

Determination of pyraclostrobin in ginseng samples by molecularly imprinted dispersive solid-phase extraction (MIDSPE) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared by precipitation polymerization using pyraclostrobin as template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)

Products derived from wild-grown plants represent a growing segment of the modern pharmaceutical industry. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to their application in the cosmetic industry. The content of B group vitamins in these products is important because they affect the quality of the skin, hair and nails. The determination of thiamine and riboflavin in natural products is not

A modified disposable electrode formed by immobilization of glucose dehydrogenase (DHG) onto pyrocatechol violet (Pcv)-modified graphite pencil electrode (GPE) was proposed for the flow injection (FI) amperometric glucose biosensor. Cyclic voltammetric experiments show that Pcv illustrates a good electrocatalytic effect towards the oxidation of enzymatically produced NADH. Although electrocatalytic

The paper presents the new data of gas transfer characteristics of semicrystalline poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP) as for films as for hollow fibers (HFs) with dense selective layer. The experimental data obtained earlier made it possible to calculate the gas transport characteristics of the amorphous and crystalline phases of PMP for some gases at temperature from 10 to 80 °C (below and above Tg).

An oxadiazole derivative 4-[3-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-phenol (MOP) has been investigated as a protector against corrosion of mild steel tanks in Iraqi kerosene reservoirs using the Tafel approach. The extrapolation study was carried out in four temperatures (303, 313, 323 and 333 K) and five concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) of MOP derivative. The results of the polarization

A fast, simple, green and low-cost synthesis method in aqueous solution was successfully established for the preparation of l-tyrosine protected Cu nanoclusters (Cu NCs). Subsequently, the as-prepared Cu NCs was characterized by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It exhibited good water solubility

Landfill leachate is high-strength wastewater containing harmful pollutants and very rich in ammonia (NH3), an undesired element in wastewaters. NH3 is used as a liquid fertilizer in agriculture and as a reactant in many other fields. The present study investigated the reclamation of NH3 during the treatment of middle-age landfill leachate by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) with polytetrafluoroethylene

Abstract Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) were synthesized on Fe3O4 using methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylamide (AA) as monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker and rutin as a template under nitrogen atmosphere in about 90 min. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA),

A novel acridine-linked phenanthroline ligand, N-(1,10-phenanthrolin-5-yl)acridine-9-carboxamide, (PAC) was synthesized by N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) coupling between acridine-9-carboxylic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline-5-amine. A set of new complexes of general formulae [M(PAC)(N3)2] and [M(PAC)2(N3)2] where M = Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) metal ions were synthesized and characterised by spectroscopic

An efficient, transition-metal-free method to synthesize dihydroisobenzofuran derivatives via intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of aromatic alkynols with the promotion of cesium carbonate has been developed. The reaction proceeds regioselectively with exclusive formation of 5-exo-dig product, and only Z-isomer of the new generated double bond is observed. This new protocol features with milder reaction

Carbon nanotube is one of the important topics of interest in the nanotechnology science. Many scientists have been interested in surface-modified nanotubes for decades. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized with polyethylene glycol and dithiols in esterification reactions. The MWNTs were first carboxylate-functionalized. The carboxylated MWCNTs were acyl chlorite

Abstract A highly productive protocol for the synthesis of internal alkynes by the carbon–carbon cross-coupling reactions of electronically different arylboronic acids with substituted phenylacetylenes was described by employing (E)-N-(pyren-1-ylmethylene)benzenamine with Pd(OAc)2. The influence of reaction parameters such as solvent, base and reaction temperature in this carbon–carbon cross-coupling

Extensive research has been focused on the removal of various pollutants from wastewaters. Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is of special concern as it is a known carcinogen. In the present study, macroporous polyaniline/poly(vinyl alcohol) aerogel was applied as a promising material form which can act as both adsorbent and reductant for Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions. The removal of Cr(VI) was assessed by

A new nanoadsorbent was synthesized through intercalation of thioglycolic acid (TGA) in the magnetic layered double hydroxide nanocomposite (Fe3O4/Zn–Fe LDH/TGA) and used for the removal of heavy metal ions such as Hg2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous solutions. The morphology and structure of the synthesized nanoadsorbent were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field-emission

In the original version of this article, the affiliation of the second author Marjaneh Samadizadeh was incorrect.

COD and TOC removal studies of mixture of two azo dyes viz. Ponceau Xylidine and calconcarboxylic acid by Fenton and Fenton-type processes were undertaken using \({\text{H}}_{2} {\text{O}}_{2}\) (HP) and \({\text{Na}}_{2} {\text{S}}_{2} {\text{O}}_{8}\) (SPS) as oxidants. A decolourisation of 94% in 1 min was achieved under optimised parameters, although mixing of dyes caused a retardation of mineralisation

Sodium potassium copper(II) tetra-[molybdate(VI)], Na0.45K1.55Cu3(MoO4)4, was synthesized using solid-state reaction route, and its crystal structure (monoclinic P21/c) was solved using single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. Na0.45K1.55Cu3(MoO4)4 forms 3D framework with elongated cavities occupied by alkali ions. The factor group analysis of Na0.45K1.55Cu3(MoO4)4 was applied for determination of

The recent rate of the expansion of graphene nanomaterials requires appropriate toxicological assessment for biomedical usage. The toxicity of graphene and its composites is a major hurdle. Here, we report the effects of reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites on mouse fibroblast (NCTC-929) cells with the aim for futuristic biomedical applications of our synthesized material such as wearable device.

Abstract Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a great concern worldwide. There is a great need to develop new drugs with the potential to attack target cells that show MDR phenotype. The purpose of this study was to assess the reversing effect of new N-alkyl-3,4-diarylmaleimides on Bacillus subtilis resistant to rhodamine 6G as an indicator of its activity as modulators of efflux pumps and their additional

Abstract A new process for extracting gold from refractory gold ore and manganese from manganese anode slime was developed by combining the oxidative pretreatment of refractory gold ore and reductive leaching of manganese anode slime. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the effects of time, temperature, and sulfuric acid concentration on the leaching efficiency of manganese. The manganese

Abstract In this study, we report a higher electrochemical performances of Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) anode material via solid method, then adding different contents of Fe2O3 into LTO (FxLTO, x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) secondary calcined. The study shows that pure LTO holds the highest electrochemical performances at 750 °C. Additionally, F0.2LTO demonstrates an outstanding discharge capacity of 251.9 mAh g−1 at

Abstract The discovery of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors is important for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), known as the most common type of dementia. Due to the side effects of commonly used acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, studies for the detection of new inhibitors are increasing day by day. In this study, we investigated the effects of some sulfonamide derivatives (S1–S4 and S1i–S4i)

Abstract Organic contamination has been recognized as a matter of concern, and simultaneous monitoring of various organic contaminants in the complex environment has always been a part of the efforts of scientists. In the present study, settled house dust (SHD) was selected to establish HPLC fingerprint method for simultaneously evaluating organic matters in an indoor environment. The relative standard

Abstract To discover and develop novel active molecules, in this study, a series of novel pyrethrin derivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole and thioether moieties were designed and synthesized. Bioassay results revealed that some of the target compounds possessed good insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella (P. xylostella), Vegetable aphids (V. aphids), and Empoasca vitis (E. vitis), respectively

Abstract A new azo-dye reagent was prepared by the reaction between sulfacetamide and rutin compounds. The new synthesized reagent of (E)-N-((4-((5-(5,7-dihydroxy-3-3-[3-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyrano-syloxy]-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)acetamide [NDRGA] was characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR, mass spectra and elemental analysis measurements and then

Abstract A novel HPLC method was proposed for the quantitation of vortioxetine, which is a new antidepressant drug, in tablets. Separation was performed on a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (3.5 µm particles, 4.6 × 50 mm) column at 35 °C with 1.0 mL/min flow rate and chlorpromazine was selected as internal standard. Box–Behnken design, a design of experiment (DoE) method, was applied to explore the influences

Abstract Binding of iprodione (IPR), a dicarboxamide fungicide, to the carrier protein in bovine circulation, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was characterized with the help of fluorescence, absorption, circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral measurements in combination with computational analysis. The increase in the KSV (Stern–Volmer constant) value with temperature and absorption

Abstract The overpotential of hydrogen evolution reaction is one of the aspects which results in low efficacy of water electrolysers. There is a constant search for new ways to improve the catalytic activity, especially of nickel-based materials. Addition of lanthanum results in synergism and high activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction. Due to the application of deep eutectic solvents which

Abstract Zinc(II) mefenamate [Zn(mef)2] (1) along with two novel Zn(II) crystalline complexes with Hmef (mefenamic acid) [Zn(dmso)2(mef)2] (2) and [Zn(cyclam)(mef)2] (3) were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analysis. Crystal structures of complexes 2 and 3 were determined by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. The biological activity of complexes was

Abstract This study is focused on finding an optimal preparation of the human scent samples for their detailed chemical analysis in connection with the possible forensic identifications of human individuals in the future. At the present time, the scent identification of people is carried out nearly exclusively using specially trained dogs. It is assumed that the human scent contains a certain group

Abstract Production of biofuels from biomass is expected to benefit the society and the environment. At present, bio waste residues processing includes hydrolysis, dark fermentation, photofermentation, pyrolysis, gasification, and chemical synthesis. As the composition and the chemical structure of organic substances affect the efficiency of mentioned processes, it is believed that the glucose concentration