Abstract The possibility of using various types of natural powder and acid-modified clay materials as sorbents for the purification of unrefined rapeseed oil from coloring matter was studied. It was demonstrated that the content of carotenoids and pigments of the chlorophyll group in low erucic acid content rapeseed oil treated with a sorbent does not depend on the type of clay. It was found that the

Abstract Different forms of 6-О-carboxymethyl chitin were prepared, namely, the salt form containing, the carboxy group in the –COONa form, the acid form containing the carboxy group in the –COOН form, and the mixed form containing the units in the acid and salt forms in the equimolar ratio. The composition and structure of the synthesized carboxymethyl chitin and films based on them were confirmed

Abstract The concept of a new technology for producing hydrogen-containing gas from methane is presented. The process is performed in two separate vessels, a reactor and a regenerator, between which a microspherical catalyst containing active lattice oxygen continuously circulates. The following parameters of oxidative methane conversion were reached in experiments on a pilot installation with a moving

Abstract The processing of industrial waste and highly hazardous substances using extreme techniques of formation, in addition to else, of nanocrystalline materials, which include plasmachemical synthesis according to the plasma recondensation scheme in low-temperature nitrogen plasma, is an urgent issue of chemical technology. In the work, an attempt was made to plasma recondensation of a mechanical

Abstract Composites based on copolyimides derived from alicyclic and aromatic anhydrides (ratio 90 : 10 and 85 : 15 mol %, respectively) and diaminodiphenyl ether, on the one hand, and polyacrylamide, on the other hand, were prepared. The IR spectra of the composites demonstrate formation of hydrogen bonds involving functional groups of the polymers, favoring compatibility of components in the blend

Abstract Synthesis of monomers is the key and most labor-consuming step in the development of highly selective membrane materials. Polyalkylenesiloxanes show promise for separation of vapors of organic components from gas mixtures. The paper considers two approaches to the synthesis of 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-2-oxa-1,3,5-trisilacyclohexane, a monomer for preparing poly-bis(dimethylsilmethylene)dimethylsiloxane

Abstract Graphene oxide as a derivative of graphite has been noticed as a high efficient material and its application in nanocomposite coatings is surprisingly increased. In this research, surface modification of graphene oxide using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, as an aminic modifier, was done. Coating compositions based on polydimethylsiloxane containing graphene oxide and also modified graphene

Abstract The influence of the chemical composition of microspherical nickel–cobalt catalysts on aluminosilicate and aluminum oxide supports on the catalytic characteristics of methane oxidative conversion to a hydrogen-containing gas was studied on a pulse laboratory installation with separate supply of the feed and oxidant. The physicochemical and catalytic studies show that the total content of nickel

Abstract The amount of hydrogen peroxide formed in aqueous solutions directly in the course of microwave irradiation is considerably larger than the amounts detected previously in post-irradiated solutions. The degree of saturation of aqueous solutions with a gas is an important factor for the occurrence of microwave processes. The experiments were performed in aerated solutions and in solutions preliminarily

Abstract Photochemical, chemical, and plasma chemical procedures for preparing digermane were studied experimentally. The plasma chemical procedure in corona discharge is the most promising. The kinetic curves of the digermane synthesis in corona discharge were obtained experimentally, and the activation energy was calculated. The removal of digermane from the reaction zone using a flow-through reactor

Abstract Methods for making platinum-based catalytic systems (Pt/C, PtRu/С) in an anode for a low-temperature hydrogen–air fuel cell with a Nafion membrane more tolerant to CO were suggested and implemented. A PtRuCo/C trimetallic catalyst was synthesized, and the influence of the modification of the binary catalyst with cobalt on the current characteristics of the fuel cell was evaluated in a model

Abstract The results of long-term and accelerated tests of cement–sand mortars with a reactive aggregate and additives Al2(SO4)3 and Fe2(SO4)3, carried out under the conditions of the corresponding standardized techniques, indicate that these additives suppress the development of destructive expansion deformations of mortars and concretes caused by alkali-silica reaction. In all samples of cement–sand

Abstract The composition and structure of Ni–W alloys prepapred from pyrophosphate electrolyte have been studied. It was demionstrated that, regardless of the deposition current density in the range 2–5 A dm–2, alloys are a single-phase system and represent a solid solution of tungsten in nickel with a face-centered cubic lattice. At low deposition current densities in the coating there exists an impurity

Abstract A new approach to solving the problem of lowering the hazard class and utilization of large-tonnage industrial waste, acid tar, is proposed. The possibilities of its processing, depending on the ratio of reagents, into bituminous products or solid composites are considered. The proposed two-stage method is based on chemical reactions ending with the ionic bonding of volatile low-molecular

Abstract The effect exerted on the chemical properties and structure of activated carbon by the mechanical treatment as a modification procedure was studied. Mechanochemical modification of carbon samples was performed in a roller–ring vibration mill for 5 to 30 min. Samples were studied by X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. X-ray diffraction analysis shows

Abstract The review deals with the development and production of synthetic additives to lubricating oils and plastic lubricants, influencing the friction and wear of metal surfaces. The state of the art of the synthesis and use of such additives based on organic, organoelement, and metal-containing compounds is considered. New synthetic routes to relatively safe and low-toxic compounds with minimal

Abstract The features of cyclic adsorption processes are considered and the fact of necessity to predict a decrease in the dynamic activity of adsorbents during their operation is exhibited. By analogy with recycling chemical processes, phenomenological concepts of the general pattern of sorbent deactivation were developed, which made it possible to form mathematical models of trivial and prolonged

Abstract A method has been developed for synthesis of a composite coating based on polyaniline by introducing dispersed IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, activated by alkaline treatment, into a polymer matrix. The coating is applied from a suspension in formic acid onto a graphite foil that has been previously subjected to anodic etching to improve the wettability with an electrolyte. The produced composite

Abstract A series of polyfunctional organic compounds, 1-propenyl- and 1-allyl-2-propargyloxy-3-aminomethylbenzenes containing simultaneously an aminomethyl group and fragments with С=С and С≡С bonds, were prepared in high yield (77.6–94%) by Mannich ternary condensation of 2-propenyl- and 2-allylphenols and their p-methyl-substituted derivatives with formaldehyde and secondary amines (diethylamine

Abstract The kinetic regularities are considered of etching thin films of lead sulfide in solutions containing hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and glycerol under conditions of varying concentrations of the initial components and the etching temperature. The partial orders of the reaction were calculated: for hydrochloric acid the value was 2.8, for hydrogen peroxide, 0.2, and for glycerol, 0

Abstract The state of the art of the petrochemical industry in Russia was analyzed. The data obtained from Russian companies revealed extremely strong dependence of this branch of industry on imported technologies and catalysts. The most promising directions that should be developed first for accelerated progress of the petrochemical industry in Russia were outlined, and measures (including those on

Abstract The process of electrodeposition of nickel–titanium dioxide composite coatings from an electrolyte based on a choline-containing ionic liquid was studied. To increase the content of the dispersed phase in the composite, it is appropriate to add water to the electrolyte. With inclusion of the titanium dioxide particles into a nickel matrix, the microhardness of the coating increases. The obtained

Abstract A cerium compound with asymmetric amidinate ligands [Ce(iPrNC(Me)NtBu)3] has been reported and characterized in this paper. The compound showed good volatility and thermal stability, which were evaluated by TGA (thermogravimetric analysis). Corresponding results indicated the great potential of this compound for the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Therefore, CeOx film and particle

Abstract A procedure was developed for preparing glyoxylic acid by glyoxal oxidation with nitric acid in the presence of hydrohalic acids with selective isolation of glyoxylic acid from the reaction mixture in the form of magnesium and calcium salts. Specific features of the synthesis of glyoxylic acid were demonstrated, and optimum conditions for each step of the process were determined. The highest

Abstract The synthesis was performed of grafted copolymers of acrylic acid on low molecular weight polyethylene in the presence of benzoyl peroxide in o-xylene solution. The formation of copolymers was proved by the methods of functional analysis of carboxyl groups and FTIR spectroscopy. The patterns of synthesis are shown, which made it possible to obtain graft copolymers in a wide range of compositions

Abstract A novel Ag3PO4/ZnO/diatomite composite photocatalyst was prepared by simple ultrasonic dispersion-precipitation method. The structure, composition, microstructure and optical properties of the catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer

Abstract This article describes the photoconductive properties of a multilayer uniform ultrathin film comprising alternating polyaniline (PANi) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) layers, fabricated on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) sheet. The fabrication of the two electron-rich layers on the PET substrate is successfully completed using a layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition technique under mild conditions

Abstract Various zeolites for preparing an active heterogeneous catalyst for the commercial alkylate production process were studied. NaX zeolites produced by Russian catalyst plants (powdered, granulated without binders, and formed with binders) were used in the experiments. The zeolites were converted to the active form by successive ion exchange with aqueous solutions of calcium, lanthanum, and

Abstract The process of particle attrition in an apparatus with a fluidized bed of material has been investigated. A mathematical model of the process of particle attrition was proposed, which makes it possible to determine the density of the distribution function of particles by weight, as well as the degree of attrition depending on the average residence time in the bed. An experimental study of

Abstract The synthesis is considered of epoxyurethane interpenetrating polymer networks with preliminary preparation of polyurethane chains in epoxy resin. Amine hardeners of aromatic and aliphatic nature were selected as crosslinking agents for epoxy resin. The cure kinetics of epoxyurethane systems was studied using non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry. The total activation energy was

Abstract The effect of synthesis conditions for macrodiisocyanate (temperature, reaction duration, ratio of components) based on poly(diethylene glycol adipate) (Mn = 2.5 × 103) and 2,4-toluene diisocyanate on the composition of the reaction products has been studied. The number of mono- and diurethane units was estimated using proton magnetic resonance spectra. It was found that carrying out the synthesis

Abstract Isobutane alkylation with olefins is an important process to produce a high-octane component of gasoline (alkylate) obtained using mineral acids as catalysts. Solid catalysts based on zeolites are a promising alternative to acids, but their rapid deactivation makes it difficult to implement the technology on an industrial scale. In this work, we investigated the CaLaHPtX catalyst based on

Abstract Comparative analysis of the fire and explosion safety in using hydrocarbon fuels and hydrogen as automobile fuel is made. For reliable analysis, it is necessary to take into account the set of all the parameters influencing the fire and explosion safety, including the influence of the composition of multicomponent fuels on their characteristics and the influence of external conditions in cases

Abstract A method is described for determining the rate constants of the stages of chemical reactions occurring in an enclosed isothermal gradientless reactor based on non-stationary data. The method is based on the description of the relaxation features of various sections of non-stationary experimental dependences of reagent concentrations using continuous smooth curves (time splines) at all experimental

Abstract The temperature conditions of sintering of corundum ceramics affect the rate of subsequent metallization and the catalytic activity of metallized high-porosity cellular material. The process of chemical silvering of the material under study from a solution containing (g L–1): 2 silver nitrate, 54 glucose, and 1,5-oxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, as complexing ligand, was developed. The influence

Abstract The review deals with the hydrolysis of polyvinyl chloride waste in media of alkalis and organic bases and with the treatment of chlorine-containing waste in critical media (water, ammonia, methanol, carbon dioxide). The principles and mechanisms of the hydrodechlorination and hydroconversion of polyvinyl chloride/vacuum gas oil mixtures and of the gasification of polyvinyl chloride waste

Abstract The results of studying the dependence of the reaction rate of the hydrogen sulfide oxidation in oil with molecular oxygen in the presence of an ammonia solution of cobalt phthalocyanine on the process temperature, the consumption of the catalyst complex, and the concentration of cobalt phthalocyanine in the catalyst complex are reported. It was shown that the rate of the hydrogen sulfide

Abstract The thermoluminescent properties of PbCd2B6O12 crystal phosphors doped with Eu3+ ions and exposed to β-ray irradiation are investigated. Polycrystalline samples of the initial matrix and solid solutions based on it were synthesized by solid-phase reactions and characterized by X-ray phase analysis, IR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The dependences of the thermoluminescence

Abstract The halloysite-iron oxide (Fe3O4–HNTs) hybrid material is prepared using a halloysite nanotube as precursor, and the Fe3O4 is immobilized on the halloysite with subsequent modification using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The influence of pH, urea hydrolysis, and the concentration of ferric chloride, polyvinyl alcohol on the synthesis of Fe3O4–HNTs hybrid materials were investigated. FT-IR

Abstract In the process of in situ synthesis using ultrasound, a magnetoactive sorbent based on humic acid and magnetite was produced for the extraction of heavy metals from industrial wastewater by magnetic solid-phase extraction. When exposed to ultrasound, substances are dispersed, which results in an increase in the specific surface area of the studied sorbent and the opening of inaccessible pores

Abstract Stearyl methacrylate–glycidyl methacrylate copolymers were synthesized by controlled atom transfer radical polymerization. These copolymers can be used as multifunctional additives improving the low-temperature properties and thermal oxidation resistance of diesel fuel. The additives synthesized well compete in depressant properties with commercial imported additives and surpass some of them

Abstract The development of bifunctional catalysts with high branched isomers selectivity in hydroisomerization of n-alkanes constantly remains crucial for the manufacture of green biodiesel from vegetable oil. Herein, three bifunctional catalysts (Pd/zeolite) have been prepared by providing 0.5 wt % Pd over the ZSM-12, ZSM-22 and Beta zeolite, respectively. The physicochemical properties of above-prepared

Abstract A method was developed for the preparation of N-2-sulfoethylated polyaminostyrene (SEPAS) by gel synthesis with a degree of substitution up to 1.2. The composition and structure of the products of polymer-analogous transformations were characterized using elemental analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. It was found that an increase in the degree of sulfoethylation decreases the basicity of amino

Abstract Various methods of surface preparation for electroplating on aluminum alloys are considered. It was shown that the most suitable of them is electrochemical anodizing. The composition and operating mode of the anodizing electrolyte were developed. The effect of the electrolyte composition on the structure and the film surface development is shown. The stability of the oxide film produced as

Abstract This work aims the synthesis of substituted alkenes via Knoevenagel condensation using the clay collected from the Agadir region and modified by KF as a heterogeneous catalyst (KF-modified clay). In this context, the influence of various parameters on the reaction yield was studied, and the reuse of catalyst was carried out. The results obtained show that KF-modified clay is very effective

Abstract The structure of an active diluent influences the rheological properties of epoxy compounds. The use of a linear alkyl glycidyl ether allows preparation of compounds with the lowest dynamic viscosity. As the active diluent content is increased from 0 to 20%, the period in which the network polymer is formed in the course of curing of epoxy compounds increases from 5 to 30 min because of a

Abstract An increase in the level of production and consumption of polyvinyl chloride leads to the formation of a large volume of chlorinated waste, mostly as a component of municipal plastics waste. Incineration of such waste to produce energy results in emission of toxic gases (SO2, NOx) and of heavy metals and solid particles with flue gases, and also in formation of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins

Abstract The porous structure and sorption properties of carbon materials produced by thermochemical activation of the bast of birch bark with potassium hydroxide at 800°C have been studied. The effect of the amount of introduced KOH on the specific surface area of carbon materials obtained from bast was established. The selection of the optimal conditions for the preliminary carbonization of the bast

Abstract More than 50 installations for secondary oil refining of the total cost of more than 1.5 trillion rubles (about $20 bln) are planned to be put into operation in Russia by the year 2035. Construction of these installations will require more than 120 reactors, 90 furnaces, and 150 distillation columns. Up to 70% of the equipment for these installations can be produced at Russian plants, including

Abstract A biocompatible thermoelastoplastic, poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene), was incorporated with carbon nanotubes. The resulting nanocomposites containing 1, 2, and 4% filler were analyzed by optical microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy, and their strength, elastic-strain properties, contact angle with water, and electrical conductivity were evaluated. Partial heterogeneity

Abstract The hydrogen sorption characteristics of La1–xCexNi5 alloys (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.5) were studied in the temperature range 298–363 K. The optimal compositions of intermetallic compounds were determined for use as hydrogen sorbents in reusable accumulators: compounds La0.9Ce0.1Ni5 and La0.8Ce0.2Ni5. Based on them, a metal hydride hydrogen accumulator was designed and manufactured and its

Abstract Sorption of rhodium(III) was investigated on complexing ion exchange resins Purolite S914 with thiouronium, Purolite S920 with isothiouronium, Purolite S924 with thiol functional groups, and Purolite S924/K containing both thiol and carboxyl groups (hereinafter S914, S920, S924, and S924/K, respectively) from 4 M solutions of hydrochloric acid which were previously kept either at room temperature

Abstract Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the publication activity of chemical institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences within the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in the period 2015–2019 in the field of applied chemistry was performed. The Web of Science database was used as the information source. Analysis was performed using the

Abstract The synthesis of layered double hydroxides based on zinc and aluminum salts containing nitrate anion in the interplanar space is described. The samples prepared were investigated by X-ray structural analysis. It was found that the interplanar distance of brucite layers is 8.6 nm. The prepared samples were modified with stearate anions. X-ray diffraction spectra of the modified samples show

Abstract The paper presents a new porous coating of electrodes for water electrolyzers with an alkaline electrolyte, as well as methods for its modification with catalysts for the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen evolution. The coating is formed from a suspension of nickel-cobalt powder in an electroplating bath for applying a nickel-cobalt coating and is characterized by an acicular structure and a

Abstract The possibility of employing the method of mass spectrometry with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) for the rapid detection of carboxyl-containing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been studied. Comparison of the results obtained using the previously described and newly proposed as matrix compounds 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine,

Abstract Sorbents with a layer of silicon dioxide on the surface of a wide-pore Chromaton N-AW support have been synthesized. The dependence of the textural characteristics (specific surface area and pore size) of the obtained materials on the amount of tetraethoxysilane applied to Chromaton N-AW and on the pH of the synthesis medium was studied by the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption

Abstract Rheological, molecular, thermal, and mechanical properties of binary blends based on bimodal high-density polyethylene (HDPE; ethylene–1-hexene copolymer) and unimodal linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE; ethylene–1-butene–1-hexene terpolymer) were studied. Six blends with different HDPE/LLDPE weight ratios, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, and 20/80, were prepared by blending in a double-worm

Abstract A series of 3-(N-arylamino)-5-amino-1Н-1,2,4-triazoles were prepared by the reaction of S,S-dimethyl cyanodithioimidocarbamate with appropriate anilines. The inhibiting effect of the products on the corrosion of copper of M1 grade in acidic and neutral chloride-containing media was studied using electrochemical and accelerated electroless methods. The maximal degree of protection ensured by

Abstract The thermal stability and composition of the gas phase of Sovol technical mixture of polychlorobiphenyls was studied by synchronous thermal analysis and mass spectrometry in comparison with the derivatives synthesized by the reaction of the congeners with sodium methoxide or with polyethylene glycol in the presence of alkali. The obtained mixtures of methoxy + hydroxy + methoxyhydroxy or hydroxy