We present an experimental in‐situ study to investigate the effects of catalyst layer (CL) and cathode microporous layer (MPL C ) perforation on the water management and performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Polymeric pore formers were utilized to produce perforated CL and MPL structures. High‐resolution neutron tomography was employed to visualize the liquid water content

The already reported low‐yielding and non‐sustainable Et3N‐mediated homocoupling of levoglucosenone (LGO) into the corresponding LGO‐Cyrene™ diketone has been revisited and greened‐up. Using methanol as both renewable solvent and catalyst and K2CO3 as safe inorganic base, significantly improved the reaction with regards to yield, purification and green aspects. LGO‐Cyrene™ was then subjected to a one‐pot

A sustainable and green route to access diverse functionalized ketones via dehydrogenative‐dehydrative cross‐coupling of primary and secondary alcohols is demonstrated. This borrowing hydrogen approach employing a pincer N ‐heterocyclic carbene manganese complex displays high activity and selectivity. A variety of primary and secondary alcohols are well tolerant and result in satisfactory isolated

Water oxidation is the bottleneck reaction in artificial photosynthesis. Exploring highly active and stable molecular water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is still a great challenge. Herein, a water‐soluble Ni(II) complex bearing redox non‐innocent tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (TAML) is found to be an efficient electrocatalyst for water oxidation in neutral potassium phosphate buffer (KPi). Controlled

The direct hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) synthesis from H 2 and O 2 is a strongly desired reaction for green processes and a promising alternative to the commercialized anthraquinone process. The design of efficient catalysts with high activity and H 2 O 2 selectivity is highly desirable and yet challenging. Metal dopants enhance the performance of the active phase by increasing reaction rates, stability

ZIF‐8 was synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ). In situ powder X‐ray diffraction, ex situ microscopy, and simulations provide a encompassing view of the formation of ZIF‐8 and intermediary ZnO@ZIF‐8 composites in this nontraditional solvent. Time‐resolved imaging exposed divergent physicochemical reaction pathways from previous studies of the growth of anisotropic ZIF‐8 core@shell

Non‐noble metal‐based bifunctional electrocatalysts are highly desired for water electrolysis. However, constructing a water electrolyzer using a sole catalyst without compromising either its OER or HER performance is still challenged. Herein, we developed a simple strategy to integrate 2D/0D CoP in the same MOF precursor‐derived hollow N‐doped carbon nanotube‐assembled polyhedron. The unique hierarchical

We demonstrate a mechanochemical route for room‐temperature and solvent‐free derivatization of different types of amides into carbamoyl‐isatins (up to 96% conversion or yield), ‐benzamides (up to 81% yield) and ‐imides (up to 92% yield). In solution, this copper‐catalyzed coupling either does not take place, or requires high temperatures at which it may also be competing with alternative thermal reactivity

Three dipolar aprotic solvents were designed to possess high dipolarity and low toxicity: N , N , N ’, N ’‐tetrabutylsuccindiamide (TBSA), N , N ’‐diethyl‐ N , N ’‐dibutylsuccindiamide (EBSA), N , N ’‐dimethyl‐ N , N ’‐dibutylsuccindiamide (MBSA). They were synthesized catalytically using a K60 silica catalyst in a solventless system. Their water‐immiscibility stands out as an unusual and useful property

Organic compounds as electrode materials can contribute to sustainability because they are non‐toxic and environmentally abundant. The working mechanism during charge/discharge of reported organic compounds as electrode materials has not yet been completely understood. Herein, during charge/discharge, the structural behavior of 2,5‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DMBQ) was investigated using nuclear magnetic

In this work electrospun Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) derived carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are investigated with respect to their gas adsorption properties. By employing CO 2 adsorption measurements it is shown that adsorption capacity and selectivity of the fibers may be tailored by the applied carbonization temperature. General carbon nanofiber pore properties are identified by Ar adsorption measurements

The performance of structurally and chemically well‐defined Ni‐free and Ni‐modified single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 (111) thin film electrodes in the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions (ORR and OER) was investigated in a combined surface science and electrochemistry approach. Pure and Ni‐modified Co 3 O 4 (111) film electrodes were prepared and characterized under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions

Organometal halide perovskite (OHP) solar cells have been intensively studied because of their promising optoelectronic features, which has resulted in a high power conversion efficiency > 23%. Although OHP solar cells exhibit high power conversion efficiencies, their relatively poor stability is a significant obstacle to their practical use. We report that the chemical stability of OHP solar cells

Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) as a bridge between hetero‐ and homogeneous catalysis have attracted much attention. However, it is still challenging to generate stable single atoms with high metal loadings and the application of SACs in more traditionally homogeneous catalytic reactions are highly desirable. Herein, coordinatively unsaturated Al2O3 supportedCu SAC with a high Cu loading of 8.7 wt% was

Organic supercapacitors have attracted interest as promising “green” and efficient components in energy storage applications. Here, we employed, for the first time, a polydiacetylene derivative coupled with reduced graphene oxide to generate an organic pseudocapacitive‐based supercapacitor exhibiting excellent electrochemical properties. Specifically, diacetylene monomers were functionalized with perylenediimide

Sustainable sources of energy have been identified as a possible way out of today's oil‐dependency and are being rapidly developed. In contrast, storage of energy to a large extent still relies on heavy metals in batteries. Especially when built from biomass‐derived organics, organic batteries are promising alternatives for truly sustainable energy storage. First described in 2008, research on biomass‐derived

In this mini‐review, the importance and implementation of green chemistry practices in the pharmaceutical industry are illustrated. With specific examples, industrially most important organic transformations are highlighted along with their applications in the synthesis of drug molecules. A brief comparison between traditional unsustainable methods and modern green methods is made to shed light on

Advances in lithium battery technologies necessitate improved energy densities, long cycle lives, fast charging, safe operation, and environment‐friendly components. In this study, we investigated lithium organic batteries comprising bioinspired polyvinyl catechol (P4VC) cathode materials and single‐ion conducting polymer nanoparticle electrolytes. The controlled synthesis of P4VC resulted in a two‐step

Electroactive organic compounds could bring new chemical opportunities to further improve existing electrochemical energy storage technologies as they can be prepared from less‐limited resources and potentially at low environmental footprint. Among the current explored research fields, the anion‐ion cell configuration appears poorly investigated although quite promising to promote the fabrication of

Ammonia (NH 3 ) electrosynthesis from atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) and water is emerging as a promising alternative to energy‐intensive Haber‐Bosch process, however, such process is actually hard to perform due to the inherent inertness of N 2 molecules together with the low solubility in aqueous solutions. Although lots of active electrocatalysts have been used to electrocatalyze N 2 reduction reaction

A general and straightforward way of preparing few nanometer‐sized well‐separated MAPbI x Br 3‐x perovskite photosensitizers on the surface of ~1 μm thick mesoporous TiO 2 photoanode was suggested via a two‐step sequential deposition of low‐concentrated lead halides (0.10 ~ 0.30 M PbI 2 or PbBr 2 ) and methylammonium iodide/bromide (MAI/MABr). When those nanoscale MAPbI x Br 3‐x perovskites are incorporated

Antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) nanostructures enable bifunctional water purifications using a single membrane: i) physical separation of water‐insoluble oil and ii) photoelectrocatalytic degradation of water‐soluble organic. Sb2Se3 nanorods with exposed surfaces of (h00) and (h0l) planes exhibit superhydrophobicity (water contact angle of ~159°) due to extremely low surface energy of those dangling‐bond‐free

MoNx is uniformly and conformally coated on carbon cloth and N‐C powder modified carbon cloth (NCCC) substrate using atomic layer deposition(ALD). Among as‐prepared ALD‐MoN x electrodes, the MoNx /NCCC shows the highest HER activity (overpotential, η of ~236mV to achieve 10 mA cm‐2geo ) due to the high surface area and porosity of the NCCC substrate. The electrode showed somewhat degraded durability

Hydrogenolysis has emerged as one of the most effective means of converting polymeric lignin into monoaromatic fragments of value. Reported yields may be higher than for other methods and can exceed the theoretical yields estimated from measures of the content of lignin’s most readily cleaved alkyl‐aryl ether bonds in β‐ether units. The high yields suggest that other units in lignin are being cleaved

An alternative synthetic route towards the widely employed electroactive poly(TEMPO methacrylate) (PTMA) via a thermally robust methoxyamine‐protecting group is demonstrated herein. Protection of the radical moiety of hydroxy‐TEMPO with a methyl functionality and subsequent esterification with methacrylic anhydride allows the high‐yielding formation of the novel monomer methyl‐ TEMPO methacrylate (MTMA)

Artificial antioxidants are synthesized from fossil sources and now widely used in polymer, food, and cosmetics industries. The gradual depletion of fossil sources makes it practically significant and inescapably necessary to produce green antioxidants using renewable lignocellulosic resource. Herein, short‐time hydrothermal (STH) treatment was developed for production of lignin‐derived polyphenol

We report a well‐defined synthetic route to obtain sustainable lignin‐derived multifunctional graft polymers by simple chemical modification and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). By grafting ion‐conducting and cross‐linkable moieties to the lignin, star‐shaped functional polymers are prepared. Upon cross‐linking under ultraviolet light irradiation, the resulting polymer network exhibits

Ionic liquids (ILs) are among the most studied and promising materials for selective CO2capture and transformation. The high CO2sorption capacity associated with the possibility to activate this rather stable molecule via stabilization of ionic/radical species or covalent interactions either with the cation or anion has opened new avenues for CO2functionalization. However, recent reports have demonstrated

Electrochemical water‐splitting remains a frontier research topic in the quest to develop artificial photosynthetic systems by using noble metal‐free and sustainable catalysts. Herein, a highly crystalline block‐shaped CuSe has been employed as active electrodes for overall water‐splitting (OWS) in alkaline media. The pure‐phase klockmannite CuSe deposited on the highly conducting nickel foam (NF)

It remains a challenge to rational design of a new metal organic framework (MOF) as highly efficient direct catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we developed a simple and effective method to explore a new pillared‐layered MOF with syringic acid as a promising OER catalyst. The isostructural mono, heterobimetallic MOF and N, S co‐doped MOF by mixing thiourea were quickly synthesized

As the hydrogen has been increasingly considered as promising sustainable energy supply, the electrochemical water overall splitting driven by highly efficient non‐noble metal electrocatalysts has aroused extensive attention. Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have demonstrated remarkable electrocatalytic performance including high activity and robust durability towards hydrogen evolution reaction

We have systematically investigated the process of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and its chemical composition on carbon electrodes in an ionic liquid‐based, Li‐containing electrolyte in a combined surface science and electrochemical model study using highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and binder‐free graphite powder electrodes (Mage©) as model systems. The chemical decomposition

Electrochemical studies of CO2 conversion by molecular catalysts are typically carried out in a narrow range of near‐ambient CO2 pressures wherein low CO2 solubilities in the liquid phase can limit the rate of CO2 reduction. Here, we show that five‐fold rate enhancements are enabled by pairing CO2‐eXpanded Electrolytes (CXEs), a class of media that accommodate multimolar concentrations of CO2 in organic

The increasing demand for rechargeable batteries induces the development of greener and better devices. Significant efforts have been made in the last decade together with a renewed interest in organic electrode materials. Thus, stable electron‐donating organic materials are candidates for “greener” molecular batteries (metal‐free). Herein, we report the design of a monomeric p‐type N‐substituted phenothiazine