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Designing Difference-in-Difference Studies with Staggered Treatment Adoption: Key Concepts and Practical Guidelines Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Coady Wing, Madeline Yozwiak, Alex Hollingsworth, Seth Freedman, Kosali Simon
Difference-in-difference (DID) estimators are a valuable method for identifying causal effects in the public health researcher's toolkit. A growing methods literature points out potential problems with DID estimators when treatment is staggered in adoption and varies with time. Despite this, no practical guide exists for addressing these new critiques in public health research. We illustrate these
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Leveraging Implementation Science to Advance Environmental Justice Research and Achieve Health Equity through Neighborhood and Policy Interventions Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Laura Ellen Ashcraft, Keven I. Cabrera, Meghan B. Lane-Fall, Eugenia C. South
Environmental justice research is increasingly focused on community-engaged, participatory investigations that test interventions to improve health. Such research is primed for the use of implementation science–informed approaches to optimize the uptake and use of interventions proven to be effective. This review identifies synergies between implementation science and environmental justice with the
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Challenges and Opportunities for Paving the Road to Global Health Equity Through Implementation Science Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Prajakta Adsul, Rachel C. Shelton, April Oh, Nathalie Moise, Juliet Iwelunmor, Derek M. Griffith
Implementation science focuses on enhancing the widespread uptake of evidence-based interventions into routine practice to improve population health. However, optimizing implementation science to promote health equity in domestic and global resource-limited settings requires considering historical and sociopolitical processes (e.g., colonization, structural racism) and centering in local sociocultural
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Warning Labels as a Public Health Intervention: Effects and Challenges for Tobacco, Cannabis, and Opioid Medications Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Lucy Popova, Zachary B. Massey, Nicholas A. Giordano
Warning labels help consumers understand product risks, enabling informed decisions. Since the 1966 introduction of cigarette warning labels in the United States, research has determined the most effective message content (health effects information) and format (brand-free packaging with pictures). However, new challenges have emerged. This article reviews the current state of tobacco warning labels
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Climate Change, Landscape Fires, and Human Health: A Global Perspective Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Fay H. Johnston, Grant Williamson, Nicolas Borchers-Arriagada, Sarah B. Henderson, David M.J.S. Bowman
Landscape fires are an integral component of the Earth system and a feature of prehistoric, subsistence, and industrial economies. Specific spatiotemporal patterns of landscape fire occur in different locations around the world, shaped by the interactions between environmental and human drivers of fire activity. Seven distinct types of landscape fire emerge from these interactions: remote area fires
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Evidence for Policies and Practices to Address Global Food Insecurity Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Lora Iannotti, Eliza Kleban, Patrizia Fracassi, Stineke Oenema, Chessa Lutter
Food insecurity affects an estimated 691–783 million people globally and is disproportionately high in Africa and Asia and arising from poverty, armed conflict, and climate change, among other demographic and globalization forces. This review summarizes evidence for policies and practices across five elements of the agrifood system framework and identifies gaps that inform an agenda for future research
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Extreme Heat and Occupational Health Risks Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Kathryn Gibb, Stella Beckman, Ximena P. Vergara, Amy Heinzerling, Robert Harrison
Climate change poses a significant occupational health hazard. Rising temperatures and more frequent heat waves are expected to cause increasing heat-related morbidity and mortality for workers across the globe. Agricultural, construction, military, firefighting, mining, and manufacturing workers are at particularly high risk for heat-related illness (HRI). Various factors, including ambient temperatures
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Turning the Health Equity Lens to Diversity in Asian American Health Profiles Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Lan N. Ðoàn, Michelle M. Chau, Naheed Ahmed, Jiepin Cao, Sze Wan Celine Chan, Stella S. Yi
The monolithic misrepresentation of Asian American (AsAm) populations has maintained assumptions that AsAm people are not burdened by health disparities and social and economic inequities. However, the story is more nuanced. We critically review AsAm health research to present knowledge of AsAm health profiles from the past two decades and present findings and opportunities across three topical domains:
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Advancing the Science and Application of Implementation Science to Promote Health Equity: Commentary on the Symposium Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Rachel C. Shelton, Ross C. Brownson
There has been an increasing focus on making health equity a more explicit and foundational aspect of the research being conducted in public health and implementation science. This commentary provides an overview of five reviews in this Annual Review of Public Health symposium on Implementation Science and Health Equity. These articles reflect on and advance the application of core implementation science
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Addressing Social Needs in Clinical Settings: Implementation and Impact on Health Care Utilization, Costs, and Integration of Care Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Emmeline Chuang, Nadia Safaeinili
In recent years, health care policy makers have focused increasingly on addressing social drivers of health as a strategy for improving health and health equity. Impacts of social, economic, and environmental conditions on health are well established. However, less is known about the implementation and impact of approaches used by health care providers and payers to address social drivers of health
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Test and Treat for Prediabetes: A Review of the Health Effects of Prediabetes and the Role of Screening and Prevention Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Rosette J. Chakkalakal, Karla I. Galaviz, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Megha K. Shah, K.M. Venkat Narayan
The term prediabetes describes blood glucose levels above the normal range but below the threshold to diagnose type 2 diabetes. Several population health initiatives encourage a test and treat approach for prediabetes. In this approach, screening and identification of individuals with prediabetes should be followed by prompt referral to structured lifestyle modification programs or pharmacologic interventions
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Using Participatory Implementation Science to Advance Health Equity Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Shoba Ramanadhan, Rosa Alemán, Cory D. Bradley, Jennifer L. Cruz, Nadia Safaeinili, Vanessa Simonds, Emma-Louise Aveling
Participatory approaches to implementation science (IS) offer an inclusive, collaborative, and iterative perspective on implementing and sustaining evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to advance health equity. This review provides guidance on the principles and practice of participatory IS, which enables academic researchers, community members, implementers, and other actors to collaboratively integrate
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More than a Nuisance: Implications of Food Marketing for Public Health Efforts to Curb Childhood Obesity Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Jennifer L. Harris, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Fifteen years ago, public health experts urged industry, governments, and advocates to take action to dramatically improve the unhealthy food-marketing environment surrounding children in order to address the global childhood obesity crisis. Since then, research has confirmed that food marketing to children has far-reaching negative effects on their diets and health, takes advantage of adolescent vulnerabilities
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Lessons Learned from Immigrant Health Cohorts: A Review of the Evidence and Implications for Policy and Practice in Addressing Health Inequities among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Alice Guan, AC S. Talingdan, Sora P. Tanjasiri, Alka M. Kanaya, Scarlett L. Gomez
The health of Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPI) is uniquely impacted by structural and social determinants of health (SSDH) shaped by immigration policies and colonization practices, patterns of settlement, and racism. These SSDH also create vast heterogeneity in disease risks across the AANHPI population, with some ethnic groups having high disease burden, often masked
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Contemporary Public Health Finance: Varied Definitions, Patterns, and Implications Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Jason M. Orr, Jonathon P. Leider, Rachel Hogg-Graham, J. Mac McCullough, Aaron Alford, David Bishai, Glen P. Mays
The financing of public health systems and services relies on a complex and fragmented web of partners and funding priorities. Both underfunding and “dys-funding” contribute to preventable mortality, increases in disease frequency and severity, and hindered social and economic growth. These issues were both illuminated and magnified by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated responses. Further complicating
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Bridges and Mechanisms: Integrating Systems Science Thinking into Implementation Research Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Douglas A. Luke, Byron J. Powell, Alejandra Paniagua-Avila
We present a detailed argument for how to integrate, or bridge, systems science thinking and methods with implementation science. We start by showing how fundamental systems science principles of structure, dynamics, information, and utility are relevant for implementation science. Then we examine the need for implementation science to develop and apply richer theories of complex systems. This can
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The Economics of Treatment for Depression Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Chad Stecher, Sara Cloonan, Marisa Elena Domino
The global prevalence of depression has risen over the past three decades across all socioeconomic groups and geographic regions, with a particularly rapid increase in prevalence among adolescents (aged 12–17 years) in the United States. Depression imposes large health, economic, and societal costs, including reduced life span and quality of life, medical costs, and reduced educational attainment and
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Conceptualizing and Measuring Trust, Mistrust, and Distrust: Implications for Advancing Health Equity and Building Trustworthiness Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Jennifer Richmond, Andrew Anderson, Jennifer Cunningham-Erves, Sachiko Ozawa, Consuelo H. Wilkins
Trust is vital to public confidence in health and science, yet there is no consensus on the most useful way to conceptualize, define, measure, or intervene on trust and its related constructs (e.g., mistrust, distrust, and trustworthiness). In this review, we synthesize literature from this wide-ranging field that has conceptual roots in racism, marginalization, and other forms of oppression. We summarize
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GIS-Based Assessments of Neighborhood Food Environments and Chronic Conditions: An Overview of Methodologies Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Kurubaran Ganasegeran, Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf, Nazarudin Safian, Lance A. Waller, Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud, Feisul Idzwan Mustapha
The industrial revolution and urbanization fundamentally restructured populations’ living circumstances, often with poor impacts on health. As an example, unhealthy food establishments may concentrate in some neighborhoods and, mediated by social and commercial drivers, increase local health risks. To understand the connections between neighborhood food environments and public health, researchers often
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Ramifications of Precarious Employment for Health and Health Inequity: Emerging Trends from the Americas Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Anjum Hajat, Sarah B. Andrea, Vanessa M. Oddo, Megan R. Winkler, Emily Q. Ahonen
Precarious employment (PE), which encompasses the power relations between workers and employers, is a well-established social determinant of health that has strong ramifications for health and health inequity. In this review, we discuss advances in the measurement of this multidimensional construct and provide recommendations for overcoming continued measurement challenges. We then evaluate recent
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Adaptive Designs in Implementation Science and Practice: Their Promise and the Need for Greater Understanding and Improved Communication Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Amy Kilbourne, Matthew Chinman, Shari Rogal, Daniel Almirall
The promise of adaptation and adaptive designs in implementation science has been hindered by the lack of clarity and precision in defining what it means to adapt, especially regarding the distinction between adaptive study designs and adaptive implementation strategies. To ensure a common language for science and practice, authors reviewed the implementation science literature and found that the term
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Cultural Sensitivity and Cultural Tailoring: Lessons Learned and Refinements After Two Decades of Incorporating Culture in Health Communication Research Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Derek M. Griffith, Caroline R. Efird, Monica L. Baskin, Monica Webb Hooper, Rachel E. Davis, Ken Resnicow
In this article, we examine progress and challenges in designing, implementing, and evaluating culturally sensitive behavioral interventions by tailoring health communication to groups or individuals. After defining common tailoring constructs (i.e., culture, race, and ethnicity), cultural sensitivity, and cultural tailoring, we examine when it is useful to culturally tailor and address cultural sensitivity
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Innovation in the Delivery of Behavioral Health Services Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Thomas D'Aunno, Charles J. Neighbors
Several factors motivate the need for innovation to improve the delivery of behavioral health services, including increased rates of mental health and substance use disorders, limited access to services, inconsistent use of evidence-based practices, and persistent racial and ethnic disparities. This narrative review identifies promising innovations that address these challenges, assesses empirical
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Informing Public Health Policies with Models for Disease Burden, Impact Evaluation, and Economic Evaluation Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Mark Jit, Alex R. Cook
Conducting real-world public health experiments is often costly, time-consuming, and ethically challenging, so mathematical models have a long-standing history of being used to inform policy. Applications include estimating disease burden, performing economic evaluation of interventions, and responding to health emergencies such as pandemics. Models played a pivotal role during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention at the Workplace Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Lars Louis Andersen
The concept of workplace safety and health has focused largely on preventing accidents and on minimizing hazardous exposures. However, because workers spend a substantial part of their waking hours at the workplace, the potential to influence the health of a large proportion of the world's population through the workplace is enormous. The opportunities to carry out health promotion and chronic disease
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The Urgency of Addressing Climate Change. Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-03 Jonathan E Fielding,Ross C Brownson,Lawrence W Green
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Promoting Health Equity Through Preventing or Mitigating the Effects of Gentrification: A Theoretical and Methodological Guide Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-03 Helen V.S. Cole, Isabelle Anguelovski, Margarita Triguero-Mas, Roshanak Mehdipanah, Mariana Arcaya
Public health researchers are increasingly questioning the consequences of gentrification for population health and health equity, as witnessed in the rapid increase in public health publications on the health (equity) effects of gentrification. Despite methodological challenges, and mixed results from existing quantitative research, qualitative evidence to date points to the role of gentrification
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Community Health Worker Integration with and Effectiveness in Health Care and Public Health in the United States Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-03 Molly Knowles, Aidan P. Crowley, Aditi Vasan, Shreya Kangovi
Community health workers (CHWs) have worked in a variety of settings in the United States for more than 70 years and are increasingly recognized as an essential health workforce. CHWs share life experience with the people they serve and have firsthand knowledge of the causes and impacts of health inequity. They provide a critical link between marginalized communities and health care and public health
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On-the-Go Adaptation of Implementation Approaches and Strategies in Health: Emerging Perspectives and Research Opportunities Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-03 Elvin H. Geng, Aaloke Mody, Byron J. Powell
In many cases, implementation approaches (composed of one or more strategies) may need to change over time to work optimally. We use a literature review to inform a mechanistic analysis of such on-the-go adaptations. We suggest that such adaptations of implementation strategies consist of three necessary steps. The first component is the initial effect of the implementation approach on intended implementation
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The State of the US Public Health Workforce: Ongoing Challenges and Future Directions Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Jonathon P. Leider, Valerie A. Yeager, Chelsey Kirkland, Heather Krasna, Rachel Hare Bork, Beth Resnick
Between the 2009 Great Recession and the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the US state and local governmental public health workforce lost 40,000 jobs. Tens of thousands of workers also left during the pandemic and continue to leave. As governmental health departments are now receiving multimillion-dollar, temporary federal investments to replenish their workforce, this review synthesizes the evidence
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Sustainable and Resilient Health Care in the Face of a Changing Climate Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Jodi D. Sherman, Andrea J. MacNeill, Paul D. Biddinger, Ozlem Ergun, Renee N. Salas, Matthew J. Eckelman
Climate change is a threat multiplier, exacerbating underlying vulnerabilities, worsening human health, and disrupting health systems’ abilities to deliver high-quality continuous care. This review synthesizes the evidence of what the health care sector can do to adapt to a changing climate while reducing its own climate impact, identifies barriers to change, and makes recommendations to achieve sustainable
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Innovations in Public Health Surveillance for Emerging Infections Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Peng Jia, Shiyong Liu, Shujuan Yang
Public health surveillance is defined as the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data and is closely integrated with the timely dissemination of information that the public needs to know and upon which the public should act. Public health surveillance is central to modern public health practice by contributing data and information usually through a national notifiable
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Environmental Justice: Where It Has Been, and Where It Might Be Going Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Merlin Chowkwanyun
Taking stock of environmental justice (EJ) is daunting. It is at once a scholarly field, an ongoing social movement, and an administrative imperative adopted by government agencies and incorporated into legislation. Moreover, within academia, it is multidisciplinary and multimethodological, comprising scholars who do not always speak to one another. Any review of EJ is thus necessarily restrictive
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Public Health Implications of Drought in a Climate Change Context: A Critical Review Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Coral Salvador, Raquel Nieto, Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano, Ricardo García-Herrera, Luis Gimeno, Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera
Extreme weather events are expected to increase due to climate change, which could pose an additional burden of morbidity and mortality. In recent decades, drought severity has increased in several regions around the world, affecting health by increasing the risk of water-, food-, and vector-borne diseases, malnutrition, cardiovascular and respiratory illness, mental health disorders, and mortality
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Public Health Preparedness for Extreme Heat Events Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-06 Jeremy J. Hess, Nicole A. Errett, Glenn McGregor, Tania Busch Isaksen, Zachary S. Wettstein, Stefan K. Wheat, Kristie L. Ebi
Heat is a dangerous hazard that causes acute heat illness, chronic disease exacerbations, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and a range of injuries. Risks are highest during extreme heat events (EHEs), which challenge the capacity of health systems and other critical infrastructure. EHEs are becoming more frequent and severe, and climate change is driving an increasing proportion of heat-related mortality
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Climatic and Environmental Change, Migration, and Health Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Celia McMichael
The impacts of climate change, such as sea-level rise and extreme weather events, are expected to increase and alter human migration and mobility. Climate-related mobility is not inherently a crisis; it can provide a pathway for adaptation to climate change. However, a growing body of research identifies health risks and some opportunities associated with climate-related mobility. This review examines
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Leveraging Mobile Technology for Public Health Promotion: A Multidisciplinary Perspective Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Jennifer L. Hicks, Melissa A. Boswell, Tim Althoff, Alia J. Crum, Joy P. Ku, James A. Landay, Paula M.L. Moya, Elizabeth L. Murnane, Michael P. Snyder, Abby C. King, Scott L. Delp
Health behaviors are inextricably linked to health and well-being, yet issues such as physical inactivity and insufficient sleep remain significant global public health problems. Mobile technology—and the unprecedented scope and quantity of data it generates—has a promising but largely untapped potential to promote health behaviors at the individual and population levels. This perspective article provides
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Public Health and Prisons: Priorities in the Age of Mass Incarceration Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-21 David H. Cloud, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, Andrea Armstrong, Brie Williams
Mass incarceration is a sociostructural driver of profound health inequalities in the United States. The political and economic forces underpinning mass incarceration are deeply rooted in centuries of the enslavement of people of African descent and the genocide and displacement of Indigenous people and is inextricably connected to labor exploitation, racial discrimination, the criminalization of immigration
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A Literature Review of the Effects of Air Pollution on COVID-19 Health Outcomes Worldwide: Statistical Challenges and Data Visualization Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-21 A. Bhaskar, J. Chandra, H. Hashemi, K. Butler, L. Bennett, Jacqueline Cellini, Danielle Braun, Francesca Dominici
Several peer-reviewed papers and reviews have examined the relationship between exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 spread and severity. However, many of the existing reviews on this topic do not extensively present the statistical challenges associated with this field, do not provide comprehensive guidelines for future researchers, and review only the results of a relatively small number of papers
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Multilevel Determinants of Digital Health Equity: A Literature Synthesis to Advance the Field Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-16 Courtney R. Lyles, Oanh Kieu Nguyen, Elaine C. Khoong, Adrian Aguilera, Urmimala Sarkar
Current digital health approaches have not engaged diverse end users or reduced health or health care inequities, despite their promise to deliver more tailored and personalized support to individuals at the right time and the right place. To achieve digital health equity, we must refocus our attention on the current state of digital health uptake and use across the policy, system, community, individual
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Enhancing Capacity for Food and Nutrient Intake Assessment in Population Sciences Research Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-16 Marian L. Neuhouser, Ross L. Prentice, Lesley F. Tinker, Johanna W. Lampe
Nutrition influences health throughout the life course. Good nutrition increases the probability of good pregnancy outcomes, proper childhood development, and healthy aging, and it lowers the probability of developing common diet-related chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Despite the importance of diet and health, studying these exposures is among
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Review of the Impact of Housing Quality on Inequalities in Health and Well-Being Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-16 Philippa Howden-Chapman, Julie Bennett, Richard Edwards, David Jacobs, Kim Nathan, David Ormandy
Housing quality is essential for population health and broader well-being. The World Health Organization Housing and health guidelines highlight interventions that protect occupants from cold and hot temperatures, injuries, and other hazards. The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance of ventilation standards. Housing standards are unevenly developed, implemented, and monitored globally, despite
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When Moving Is the Only Option: The Role of Necessity Versus Choice for Understanding and Promoting Physical Activity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-16 Deborah Salvo, Alejandra Jáuregui, Deepti Adlakha, Olga L. Sarmiento, Rodrigo S. Reis
Given its origins in high-income countries, the field of physical activity and public health research and promotion has broadly followed a choice-based model. However, a substantial amount of the physical activity occurring routinely in many settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is the result of economic necessity and is not due to true, free choices. We propose the “necessity-
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Cancers Attributable to Modifiable Risk Factors: A Road Map for Prevention Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-14 Giulia Collatuzzo, Paolo Boffetta
The implementation of primary and secondary preventive strategies is based on the evidence generated by cancer epidemiology, where the identification of risk factors and the description of their prevalence are fundamental to derive estimates on the burden of cancer from different etiologies, typically expressed as the population attributable fraction, which corresponds to the proportion of a cancer
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Using Rapid Randomized Trials to Improve Health Care Systems Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-11-19 Leora I. Horwitz, Holly A. Krelle
Rapid randomized controlled trials have been surprisingly rare in health care quality improvement (QI) and systems interventions. Applying clinical trials methodology QI work brings two distinct fields together, applying the robustness of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to the practical, operational learnings of the well-established QI field. Rapid trials also add a third element—speed—that enables
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Early Childhood Education: Health, Equity, and Economics Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-11-05 Robert A. Hahn, W. Steven Barnett
Many low-income and minority children in the United States and globally are at risk of poor educational trajectories and, consequently, diminished life courses, because their households and neighborhoods lack resources to adequately support learning and development prior to formal schooling. This review summarizes evidence on center-based early childhood education (ECE) for three- and four-year-olds
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The Impacts of Paid Family and Medical Leave on Worker Health, Family Well-Being, and Employer Outcomes Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-11-05 Ann Bartel, Maya Rossin-Slater, Christopher Ruhm, Meredith Slopen, Jane Waldfogel
This article reviews the evidence on the impacts of paid family and medical leave (PFML) policies on workers’ health, family well-being, and employer outcomes. While an extensive body of research demonstrates the mostly beneficial effects of PFML taken by new parents on infant, child, and parental health, less is known about its impact on employees who need leave to care for older children, adult family
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The Value and Impacts of Academic Public Health Departments Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 Paul C. Erwin, Julie H. Grubaugh, Stephanie Mazzucca-Ragan, Ross C. Brownson
The academic health department (AHD) is a partnership between an academic institution and a governmental health agency. These partnerships are meant to provide mutual benefits that include opportunities for student field placements and internships, practice-informed curriculum, and practice-based research. The term academic health department dates back only to 2000, although there are several examples
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Health Misinformation Exposure and Health Disparities: Observations and Opportunities Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-10-07 Brian G. Southwell, Jessica Otero Machuca, Sabrina T. Cherry, Melissa Burnside, Nadine J. Barrett
The concepts of health misinformation and health disparities have been prominent in public health literature in recent years, in part because of the threat that each notion poses to public health. How exactly are misinformation proliferation and health disparities related, however? What roles might misinformation play in explaining the health disparities that we have documented in the United States
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Mobile Health (mHealth) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Judith McCool, Rosie Dobson, Robyn Whittaker, Chris Paton
This article reflects on current trends and proposes new considerations for the future of mobile technologies for health (mHealth). Our focus is predominantly on the value of and concerns with regard to the application of digital health within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is in LMICs and marginalized communities that mHealth (within the wider scope of digital health) could be most useful
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Health-Related Quality of Life Measurement in Public Health Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Robert M. Kaplan, Ron D. Hays
Patient-reported outcomes are recognized as essential for the evaluation of medical and public health interventions. Over the last 50 years, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) research has grown exponentially from 0 to more than 17,000 papers published annually. We provide an overview of generic HRQoL measures used widely in epidemiological studies, health services research, population studies
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Active Aging and Public Health: Evidence, Implications, and Opportunities Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Shilpa Dogra, David W. Dunstan, Takemi Sugiyama, Afroditi Stathi, Paul A. Gardiner, Neville Owen
By 2050, 20% of the world's population will be over the age of 65 years, with projections that 80% of older adults will be living in low- to middle-income countries. Physical inactivity and sedentary time are particularly high in older adults, presenting unique public health challenges. In this article, we first review evidence that points to multiple beneficial outcomes of active aging, including
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Personal Interventions to Reduce Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Robert J. Laumbach, Kevin R. Cromar
Unhealthy levels of air pollution are breathed by billions of people worldwide, and air pollution is the leading environmental cause of death and disability globally. Efforts to reduce air pollution at its many sources have had limited success, and in many areas of the world, poor air quality continues to worsen. Personal interventions to reduce exposure to air pollution include avoiding sources, staying
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Barriers and Enablers for Integrating Public Health Cobenefits in Urban Climate Policy Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Maya Negev, Leonardo Zea-Reyes, Livio Caputo, Gudrun Weinmayr, Clive Potter, Audrey de Nazelle
Urban climate policy offers a significant opportunity to promote improved public health. The evidence around climate and health cobenefits is growing but has yet to translate into widespread integrated policies. This article presents two systematic reviews: first, looking at quantified cobenefits of urban climate policies, where transportation, land use, and buildings emerge as the most studied sectors;
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The Role of Citizen Science in Promoting Health Equity Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Lisa G. Rosas, Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa, Felipe Montes Jimenez, Abby C. King
While there are many definitions of citizen science, the term usually refers to the participation of the general public in the scientific process in collaboration with professional scientists. Citizen scientists have been engaged to promote health equity, especially in the areas of environmental contaminant exposures, physical activity, and healthy eating. Citizen scientists commonly come from communities
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Scaling Up Public Health Interventions: Engaging Partners Across Multiple Levels Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Jennifer Leeman, Alix Boisson, Vivian Go
Advancing the science of intervention scale-up is essential to increasing the impact of effective interventions at the regional and national levels. In contrast with work in high-income countries (HICs), where scale-up research has been limited, researchers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have conducted numerous studies on the regional and national scale-up of interventions. In this article
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Reimagining Rural: Shifting Paradigms About Health and Well-Being in the Rural United States Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 R.A. Afifi, E.A. Parker, G. Dino, D.M. Hall, B. Ulin
Rural health disparities have attracted increased national attention, compelling an expanded focus on rural health research. In this article, we deconstruct the definitions and narratives of “rural” communities and suggest that a paradigm shift is needed that centers the complexity and strength of rural places. We discuss the relevance of health equity frameworks, implementation science, and community-engaged
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A Review of the Quality and Impact of Mobile Health Apps Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Quinn Grundy
Mobile health applications (apps) have transformed the possibilities for health promotion and disease self-management; however, their promise is not fully realized owing to their reliance on commercial ecosystems for development and distribution. This review provides an overview of the types of mobile health apps and describes key stakeholders in terms of how apps are used, developed, and regulated
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Health and Health Care Among Transgender Adults in the United States Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Ayden I. Scheim, Kellan E. Baker, Arjee J. Restar, Randall L. Sell
Transgender (trans) communities in the USA and globally have long organized for health and social equity but have only recently gained increased visibility within public health. In this review, we synthesize evidence demonstrating that trans adults in the USA are affected by disparities in physical and mental health and in access to health care, relative to cisgender (nontrans) persons. We draw on
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Roles of Cities in Creating Healthful Food Systems Annu. Rev. Public Health (IF 20.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 Nevin Cohen
Over the past several decades, cities worldwide have attempted to reconfigure their food systems to improve public health, advance social justice, and promote environmental resilience using diverse municipal policies, often with the support of stakeholder-led governance mechanisms such as food policy councils. This article reviews the roles that cities have played in creating healthful urban food systems