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The effect of chemical modification using citraconic anhydride on the stability of α-amylase from Aspergillus fumigatus Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Yandri Yandri, Lupia Widya Astuti, Hendri Ropingi, Tati Suhartati, Bambang Irawan, Sutopo Hadi
The purpose of this research is to improve the stability of α-amylase from Aspergillus fumigatus by chemical modification with citraconic anhydride. The α-amylase was isolated using a centrifugation technique, followed by purification using precipitation and dialysis of ammonium sulfate salt. The experimental results demonstrate that the stability of purified α-amylase is 13.41 times higher than that
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Impact of fluvial discharge on 137Cs in the ocean following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Daisuke Tsumune, Takaki Tsubono, Kazuhiro Misumi, Kazuyuki Sakuma, Yuichi Onda
After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (F1NPS) accident, 137Cs activity concentrations have not yet decreased to pre-accident levels because of direct release from the site and fluvial discharges of 137Cs deposited on land. It is necessary to consider dispersion processes in the coastal area to understand the impact of multiple river discharges and direct release. To achieve this goal, we
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Decarbonizing our environment via the promotion of biomass methanation in developing nations: a waste management tool Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Chidiebere Millicent Igwebuike, Toyese Oyegoke
For a long time, fossil fuel has been a part of our everyday lives and has constantly led to the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment. The release of methane (CH4) into our surroundings can be caused by the decomposition of organic wastes produced by our daily activities; CH4 produced by human activity is responsible for at least 25 % of global warming. CH4 is a known potent greenhouse
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Maximising the consistency of the presentation of the molecular level with its quantum mechanical description: challenges and opportunities Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Liliana Mammino
Reasoning in terms of molecules has since long become fully embedded in any chemistry discourse. On the other hand, students’ familiarization with the molecular level in pre-university instruction is not always satisfactory, and their ability to view chemical phenomena in terms of what molecules do may not reach the extent and quality that would be needed to ensure effective conceptual understanding
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In-situ and operando Grazing Incidence XAS: a novel set-up and its application to model Pd electrodes for alcohols oxidation Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Enrico Berretti, Andrea Giaccherini, Vincenzo Dell’Aquila, Francesco Di Benedetto, Giordano Montegrossi, Giovanni Orazio Lepore, Massimo Innocenti, Francesco D’Acapito, Francesco Vizza, Alessandro Lavacchi
In this article, we present an in-situ and operando time-resolved X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) technique which exploits a combination of Grazing Incidence XAS (GIXAS) and Fixed Energy X-ray Absorption Voltammetry (FEXRAV), the Grazing Incidence FEXRAV (GI-FEXRAV). A case-study is also outlined. Palladium ultra-low loadings were deposited above Au polycrystalline iso-oriented substrates adopting
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The amide group and its preparation methods by acid-amine coupling reactions: an overview Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Sandra Agudo-Álvarez, Sandra S. Díaz-Mínguez, Raúl Benito-Arenas
The amide bond is one of the most important structural units in nature, as it is part of the backbone of peptides and natural proteins, as well as some essential amino acids, DNA, RNA, hormones, or vitamins found in the body. Furthermore, this bond is significant in the pharmaceutical industry due to its presence in the structure of numerous APIs contained in drugs. This paper reviews the most important
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The transfer of irradiated uranium from the Irish Sea coast to the terrestrial environment in Cumbria, UK Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Nicholas Priest, Maurice Moore, Matthew Thirlwall
Sea-to-land transfer of irradiated uranium in soil samples was measured along a transect from the Cumbrian coast south of the Windscale Sellafield nuclear site in a NE direction across the Cumbrian coastal plain. Soluble uranium components were extracted by ion exchange chromatography and ratios 236U:238U and 235U:238U were measured using multi-collector ICP-MS. The method employed demonstrated the
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Public knowledge, sentiments, and perceptions of low dose radiation (LDR) and power production, with special reference to reactor accidents Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Margot Hurlbert, Tanushree Das, Hemda Garelick, Nicholas Priest
People’s perceptions concerning radiation inform decision making in relation to nuclear power production. There have been extensive studies of people’s perceptions of radiation including in relation to the Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear events. This paper reports on a social science literature review study and is concerned with public responses to low dose radiation (LDR) and nuclear facilities, particularly
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Efficiency of green synthesised carbon nanotubes from Moringa oleifera leaf extract as potential toxic metals adsorbent in polluted water Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Mansur Ibrahim Yahaya, Zara’u Salihu
Among the many drawbacks of the current wastewater treatment systems are their high energy consumption and creation of harmful sludge. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are advantageous for the treatment of water due to their strong adsorption capacity and selectivity towards various pollutants. Thus, creating methods for treating water by producing CNTs from Moringa oleifera leaf extract can greatly help with
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Peptides for therapeutic applications – challenges and chances Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Chiara Ruggirello, Karin Mörl, Annette G. Beck-Sickinger
Peptides have beneficial properties for therapeutic applications due to their excellent target specificity, high affinity and activity, low toxicity and predictable metabolism. Thus, they became an important tool for research and medical purpose. However, peptides are fragile molecules, therefore, in order to be used as therapeutic agents they need to be stabilised by non-peptidic modifications. Required
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Ozone-initiated degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene over ceria-supported manganese, nickel, vanadium and iron catalysts Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Nomthandazo Mkhize, Viswandha Srirama Rajasekhar Pullabhotla
Oxidative degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene using different loadings of metal (Mn, Ni, V, and Fe) supported on CeO2 was studied. All metal (Mn, Ni, V, and Fe) loaded CeO2 catalysts were synthesized using the method called wet impregnation and the as-synthesized catalyst materials were characterized using different analytical instruments such as FT-IR, SEM-EDX, XRD, BET, ICP-OES, and TEM methods. The
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Shaping the future of green hydrogen: De Nora’s electrochemical technologies for fueling the energy transition Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Michele Perego, Patrick Scilabra
De Nora, an Italian multinational corporation listed on Euronext Milan, stands as a notable leader in sustainable technologies, especially within the growing field of green hydrogen. Over its century-long existence, the company has undergone distinct phases, culminating in a significant global role for a greener and more sustainable future. De Nora has substantiated its international presence with
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Design and simulation of 30 000 tons per year of cumene plant from natural gas field Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Ojong Elias Ojong, Omeke Chimene Wosu, Aguma Emenike, Paschal Ateb Ubi
The research considers the design and simulation of 30 000 tons per year of cumene plant using Aspen HYSYS as the simulation tool. The feed (material content) used is the characterized natural gas from Utorogu Gas Field with composition of 0.9019 methane, 0.0694 ethane, 0.0209 propane, 0.00361 n-butane, 0.00414 i-butane, 0.00005 n-pentane and 0.00007 i-pentane. The cumene plant consist of the cryogenic
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Computational investigation of thallium interactions with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for electrochemical sensing applications Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Shefali Baweja, Amit Lochab, Shalini Baxi, Reena Saxena
Thallium (Tl) is a heavy toxic element which can cause several health issues. WHO and EPA have set a maximum permissible limit for thallium in drinking water above which it is hazardous, so its determination in our environment becomes crucial. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are preferred for use in thallium sensing due to their large surface area and high conductivity, which allow them to be
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The preparation of permanent antistatic additive based on poly(ether-b-amide) copolymers and its modification effect on polyamide 6 Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Lihui Yuan, Ping Zhu, Yu Wang, Xia Dong, Dujin Wang
Conventional polymers have typically been used in the packaging of various electronic devices; however, due to the inherent electrically insulating properties these materials fail to dissipate static charges. To address this issue, novel poly(ether-b-amide) (PEBA) segmented copolymers consisting of uniform rigid oxalamide and flexible polyethylene glycol (PEG) were synthesized via melt polycondensation
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Two new naturally dimers constituent from Indonesian Sesbania grandiflora plant and their bioactivity Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Noviany Noviany, Hasnah Osman, Suriyati Mohamad, Bambang Irawan, Wisnu Ananta Kusuma, Jhons F. Suwandi, Sutopo Hadi, Nanik S. Aminah
A new dimer of natural isoflavonoid along with some known flavonoid compounds was successfully isolated from the roots of Indonesian Sesbania grandiflora plant using ethyl acetate extraction. The new compound specified as naturally bi-isoflavonoid with (4→6) inter-isoflavanyl linkage and four known flavonoids xenognosin B, liquiritigenin, 7,2′4′-trihydroxyisoflavone, demethylvestitol, and 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol
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Synthesis, characterization, and bioactivity test of dibutyltin(IV) dihydroxyibenzoate as disinfectant agent Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Sutopo Hadi, Hidayatul Mustafidah, Yandri Yandri, Wasinton Simanjuntak, Tati Suhartati
In this work, three organotin (IV) derivatives namely dibutyltin(IV) di-2-hydroxybenzoate (DBT2-HBz) (2), dibutyltin(IV) di-3-hydroxybenzoate (DBT3-HBz) (3) and dibutyltin(IV) di-4-hydroxybenzoate (DBT4-HBz)) (4) were synthesized and tested as disinfectant against pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 2–4 were prepared by reacting dibutyltin(IV) oxide (DBTO) (1) with 2-hydroxybenzoic
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Transport of radioactive materials from terrestrial to marine environments in Fukushima over the past decade Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Shaoyan Fan, Koki Nasu, Yukio Takeuchi, Miho Fukuda, Hirotsugu Arai, Keisuke Taniguchi, Yuichi Onda
While 20 % of radionuclides released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident had been deposited in the terrestrial environment, rivers remain the long-term source for 137Cs, primarily through particulate transfer, from terrestrial to marine ecosystems. In this study, we estimated the suspended 137Cs flux to the ocean at 11 sites in the coastal area between October 2012 and December
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Unraveling the influence of biomaterial’s functional groups in Cd biosorption: a density functional theory calculation Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Toyese Oyegoke, Chidiebere Millicent Igwebuike, Ademola Oyegoke
Several biomass wastes, including forest wastes, bagasse, algae, and others, have been studied to determine their biosorption capability for adsorbing different ranges of heavy metals in the literature. Most experimental studies have not clearly shown the impact of functional groups in biomaterials discovered by FTIR analysis on the investigated biosorption processes. Because of this, the findings
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Empowering women in science through role models, mentors, and support groups: a personal perspective Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Ann Van der Jeugd, Tatjana N. Parac-Vogt
In this personal perspective, we reflect on our personal journey, highlighting the significance that role models and mentoring played in them, and explore how they benefit early-career researchers, promote academic success, and contribute to the overall growth of the academic community. We – the co-authors of this article (Prof. Tatjana Parac-Vogt and Dr. Ann van der Jeugd) – share some special connections:
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MTT assay of human anti-breast cancer cells (MCF-7) in vitro potentials and phytochemicals screening of the root bark extracts from Cassia sieberiana Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Labaran Abdulkadir Magashi
Medicinal plant Cassia sieberiana root bark was investigated for phytochemicals and Anti-Breast Cancer cells (MCF-7) properties, using Chemical Separations and MTT assay in vitro. The C. sieberiana root bark was extracted with soxhlet extractor using different solvents based on polarity guided method and the respective extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure. These extracts were screened
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Antidiabetic and antibacterial activities of artocarpin: a flavonoid compound isolated from the root wood of the Pudau plant (Artocarpus kemando Miq.) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Tati Suhartati, Andi Irawan, Hendri Ropingi, Yandri Yandri, Sutopo Hadi
In this study, artocarpin compound was successfully isolated from the root wood of the Pudau plant (Artocarpus kemando Miq.) and subsequently tested as antidiabetic and antibacterial agent against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The procedure applied for isolation involved maceration using methanol followed by partition and purification using column chromatography. The purity of the compound
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Bridging two worlds: (DABCO-H)CuKI3 a hybrid copper iodide phosphor with a perovskite structure Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Lidia Armelao, Maria Rando, Silvia Carlotto, Irene Motta, Gregorio Bottaro, Marzio Rancan
A novel copper iodide hybrid compound, (DABCO-H)CuKI3, featuring a perovskite structure is here reported. Characterization techniques, including single crystal X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence studies, elucidate the structural and luminescent properties. The compound exhibits blue phosphorescence, attributed to mixed metal-to-ligand and halide-to-ligand
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Thermo-responsive poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) brushes as substrate-independent release coatings for cell culture and selective cell separation and purification Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Anna Schulte, Daniel Wesner, Mareike Müller, Holger Schönherr
A systematic study on the surface-initiated polymerization of di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (DEGMA) by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from glass, silicon, titanium as well as tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) is reported in an attempt to expand the known thermoresponsive poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMA) cell release layers on gold to other substrates
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Bioremediation of cadmium contaminated soil by tea waste and impact on the accumulation of Cd in Helianthus annuus Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Sumeira Moin, Rafia Azmat, Ailyan Saleem, Tehseen Ahmed, Waseem Ahmed, Khalid Ahmed, Neelofer Hamid, Sajid Ali, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Imran Malik
The work aimed to assess the restoration of metal-contaminated soil pH and EC and impacts on Cd accumulation in plants Helianthus annuus (Sunflower) through tea waste in a natural environment. Various doses of Cd metal treatment (1–5 ppm) were provided to the soil with two sets of organic matter (tea waste) in a dry and wet state. The soil and plants were analyzed using analytical procedures like AAS
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Green chemistry route to chitosan hydrogels and investigation of the materials as efficient dye adsorbents Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Dennis Gitau Njuguna, Holger Schönherr
Biopolymer-based materials for the adsorption of toxic dyes represent an interesting class of materials for environmental applications. Here we report on chitosan as the starting material for synthesizing dye adsorbents. In particular, the synthesis, characterization, and cationic dye adsorption properties of chitosan hydrogel adsorbents are reported. Polyanionic itaconated chitosan derivatives were
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Nanocomposite nanofibrous membranes of graphene and graphene oxide: water remediation potential Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Ayesha Kausar, Ishaq Ahmad, Tran Dai Lam
Immense research efforts on graphene or graphene oxide have led to the formation of unique nanocarbon derived nanomaterials. Graphene and graphene oxide have been reinforced in polymeric matrices to form high performance nanocomposites. Significant applications of polymer nanocomposites with graphene or graphene oxide were experiential for nanofiber formation and ensuing membranes. This overview highlights
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Synthesis of some chalcones derivatives series and their antituberculosis activity Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Noviany Noviany, Hasnah Osman, Suriyati Mohamad, Sutopo Hadi, Heri Satria, Buhani Buhani
Chalcone is an important biosynthetic precursor, due to the diverse pharmacological activities. The aim of this current study was to synthesize 14 new chalcone derivatives compounds by incorporating p-alkoxyacetophenones with substituted benzaldehydes. Two new series of chalcone derivatives have been synthesized using the alkylation and the base catalysed Claisen-Schmidt condensation. All the synthesized
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In silico and in vitro profiling of coumarins and flavonoids for anti-Alzheimer and antioxidant activity Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Limya Yagoup Osman, Talal Ahmed Awad, Sahar Abdalla, Mohamed Osman El-Faki, Amna Ali, Eltayeb Fadul Fadul Alla
In this study, we examined the potential anti-Alzheimer’s and antioxidant activities of 12 analogs of coumarin and flavone compounds. Notably, nitro coumarins 6 and 7 demonstrated noteworthy activity against acetylcholinesterase, although they did not exhibit antioxidant properties. Among the tested compounds, four flavones and one coumarin displayed dual activity as both inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase
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Luminescence of silver, thulium and ytterbium doped oxyfluoride glasses Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Mikhail V. Shestakov, Victor V. Moshchalkov
Silver and lanthanide (Tm3+, Yb3+) doped oxyfluoride glasses have been prepared by melt-quenching method. The absorption of the glasses was measured in the range from 350 to 550 nm revealing the absorption edges of Ag nanoclusters and Tm3+ transition. The photoluminescence spectra of the glasses were detected in the range from 400 to 1100 nm under excitation in the range from 300 to 500 nm. The photoluminescence
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Definition of the pnictogen bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2023) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Giuseppe Resnati, David L. Bryce, Gautam R. Desiraju, Antonio Frontera, Ingo Krossing, Anthony C. Legon, Pierangelo Metrangolo, Francesco Nicotra, Kari Rissanen, Steve Scheiner, Giancarlo Terraneo
This recommendation proposes a definition for the term “pnictogen bond”; the term pnictogen bond designates a subset of the attractive interactions between an electrophilic region on a pnictogen atom in a molecular entity and a nucleophilic region in another, or the same, molecular entity.
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Roles of electrostatics and intermolecular electronic motions in the structural and spectroscopic features of hydrogen- and halogen-bonded systems Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Hajime Torii
It is widely recognized that electrostatics plays a central role in the intermolecular interactions in condensed phases, as evidenced by the “electrostatics + Lennard-Jones” form of the potential functions that are commonly used in classical molecular dynamics simulations. Then, do we understand all about electrostatics in condensed phases? In this review, recent theoretical advances in relation to
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Exploring the potential of Meldrum’s acid-bearing chain extenders for mechanical recycling of PET Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Yonca Alkan Goksu
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a widely used thermoplastic polymer with exceptional properties, making it a cornerstone in various industries. However, the extensive global demand for PET, particularly in the packaging sector, has led to significant ecological concerns due to inadequate recycling rates. This paper explores the potential of Meldrum’s acid-based chain extenders as a solution to
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A brief guide to measurement uncertainty (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Antonio Possolo, David Brynn Hibbert, Jürgen Stohner, Olha Bodnar, Juris Meija
This Brief Guide reintroduces readers to the main concepts and technical tools used for the evaluation and expression of measurement uncertainty, including both classical and Bayesian statistical methods. The general approach is the same that was adopted by the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM): quantities whose values are surrounded by uncertainty are modeled as random variables
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Automating the production of [Fe18FF2(BnMe2-tacn)] and investigating radiostabilisers for use with high-activity [18F]F− Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Madelaine S. Woodward, Danielle E. Runacres, Julian Grigg, Imtiaz Khan, William Levason, Graeme McRobbie, Gillian Reid
The manual radiofluorination and purification of [FeF3(BnMe2-tacn)] (tacn = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane) using 18F− in aqueous EtOH has been translated to a GE FASTLab™ automatic synthesis platform and optimised by conducting a series of low-activity radiolabelling experiments to explore the effects of varying the precursor concentration, temperature, heating time, addition of NaOAc buffer and EtOH:H2O
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Hydrogen as an energy carrier: constraints and opportunities Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Nicola Armaroli, Elisa Bandini, Andrea Barbieri
The use of molecular hydrogen (H2) in the energy sector faces several technical and economic hurdles related to its chemical and physical properties, particularly volumetric energy density and mass. The production, transport and storage of hydrogen, both in gas and liquid form, are intrinsically inefficient and expensive. Moreover, the mass production of green hydrogen would preferably use surpluses
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Analysis of individual nanoscale block copolymer vesicles by atomic force microscopy combined with time-resolved fluorescence microscopy Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Holger Schönherr, Sergey I. Druzhinin, Stephan Handschuh-Wang, Daniel Wesner
We report on the analysis of individual dye loaded block copolymer (BCP) vesicles via a combination of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CSLM)/fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) on the one hand and atomic force microscopy (AFM) on the other hand. AFM measurements on ATTO 647N-loaded poly(styrene-block-poly(acrylic acid)) (PS115-b-PAA15) vesicles were carried out with high spatial resolution
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A critical review of the quantification, analysis and detection of radionuclides in the environment using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT): advances and perspectives Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Leonardo Pantoja, Hemda Garelick
This critical review explores the quantification, analysis, and detection of radionuclides in the environment using the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique. Radionuclides, unstable isotopes emitting ionising radiation, are present in the environment due to natural and anthropogenic sources for which concerns are raised about their impact on human health and ecosystems. DGT offers a unique
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Simple preparation of silicone rubber Pickering emulsions using silica nanoparticles for water-borne thermal protection coating Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Chao Gao, Chen He, Yibing Zeng, Xiaohui Wu, Xue Yan, Xiaofeng Wu, Chenguang Li, Boqian Li, Anchao Feng
In this study, we aimed to develop stable silicone rubber Pickering emulsions by employing silica nanoparticles as stabilizers in order to produce a water-borne thermal protection coating. Initially, silica nanoparticles were synthesized using the Stöber method and subsequently functionalized with γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GTMS). The size and grafting efficiency of the GTMS-modified silica
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Recovery of wipe sampling of urban surfaces contaminated with blistering chemical warfare agents Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Tomáš Rozsypal, Václav Nekvinda
Effective sampling is a key step in the process of proving the use of chemical weapons. An alternative to collecting the respective sample is to perform a wipe of surface contamination. This work deals with the optimization of the wiping process of the surfaces of selected matrices contaminated with bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide and tris(2-chloroethyl)amine. Optimization of the procedure was carried out
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Indentation creep in polymers and polymer nanocomposites Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Araceli Flores
Creep refers to the capacity of a material to bear load and it represents a fundamental property for material design. Indentation appears as a most convenient tool for the study of creep behavior in polymers. The present work gathers information on the indentation creep response of a wide variety of polymers, taken from different sources, and offers a comprehensive overview of the factors that can
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What is science? Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Jean Marc Saiter
This paper is dedicated to my dear colleague and good friend Professor Melissa Chan Chin Han with whom I share a body of common work in material science and in material characterization. Part of this work concerns aspects of education in science that resulted from a number of exchanges concerning the current quality of laboratory data and the observation that the new generation of students have not
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Mechanisms of chemical vapor generation by aqueous boranes for trace element analysis: a rather long and unfinished story Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Alessandro D’Ulivo
This paper reports a summary of the studies on the mechanisms that govern the generation of hydrides and other volatile species through reaction with aqueous boranes (CVG). This derivatization reaction has been used since the early 1970s for elemental determination and speciation from the trace level down to the ultratrace level and below. An IUPAC project, concluded in 2011, reported on the mechanisms
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Women in chemistry: remarkable progress, but are we there yet? Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Marinda Li Wu
The chemistry enterprise continues to evolve, becoming increasingly more diverse and inclusive. Likewise, opportunities and roles for women in the chemistry enterprise have evolved. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, women faced tremendous obstacles pursuing a career in chemistry. Through determination, hard work – and with some good fortune – a few pioneering role models were able to overcome challenges
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Hydrogen production and conversion to chemicals: a zero-carbon puzzle? Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 Mario Marchionna
Hydrogen is currently used as an intermediate product in the chemical (mostly ammonia and methanol) and refining industries. It is produced mostly from natural gas in large scale plants using steam methane reforming, a very mature technology. Hydrogen produced from natural gas has a high carbon footprint, considering that about 6–9 tons of CO2 are co-produced (and emitted to the atmosphere) per ton
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Supramolecular assemblies with macrocyclic hosts: applications in antibacterial activity Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Suprotim Koley, Monika Gaur, Nilotpal Barooah, Achikanath C. Bhasikuttan, Jyotirmayee Mohanty
This review article focuses on the supramolecular assemblies fabricated through host-guest interaction using macrocycles such as cyclodextrins, calixarenes and cucurbiturils as hosts. Though several review articles have appeared on such host-guest assemblies having importance in controlled drug-delivery, fluorescence on-off sensors, catalysis etc., not much attention has been given to collect their
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H2 in the energy transition Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Vito Di Noto
Hydrogen can be used to sustain a revolutionary energy system, capable of integrating renewable sources and free from greenhouse gas emissions, in the perspective to mitigate global warming. Fuel cells and electrolyzers are the cornerstone of this new clean energy system, that is currently under research, development and implementation.
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Watching atoms at work during reactions Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Tomasz Kosmala, Stefano Agnoli, Gaetano Granozzi
The development of new technologies for the current energy and environmental challenges requires the acquisition of a very fundamental knowledge about the structure and activity of catalytic materials at the nanometric scale. As a consequence, in situ and operando methodologies are blossoming, but only a fraction of them really aims at a local vision that would allow watching atoms at work during reactions
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The case of the missing entropy Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 H. Dennis Tolley, Brian F. Woodfield, Lee D. Hansen
The free expansion of an ideal gas into a vacuum is commonly used to illustrate a spontaneous process; however, what is often overlooked for this process is that there is no change in temperature (inherently isothermal), no exchange of heat into or out of the system (adiabatic), and no work done on or by the system. That is, for the expansion of an ideal gas into a vacuum, there are no changes in the
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Rethinking chemical production with “green” hydrogen Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Gabriele Centi, Siglinda Perathoner
This contribution critically addresses the “green” H2 production issue. After introducing the topic and the limits of the production of H2 from electrolysis, some examples of alternative methods are discussed, highlighting the possibility of reducing costs, carbon footprint and intensity of use of renewable energy compared to electrolysis.
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Science brings nations together: Mary Good and the heaviest atoms and nuclei Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Ani Aprahamian
The 20th century started with the realization that working together and collaborating expedites new discoveries. The Solvay Conference in 1911 brought together scientists to try to understand the real nature of matter, the new elements, and their properties. Through global conflicts, the scientists stayed in communication and organized IUPAC and IUPAP to stay current in advances internationally in
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IUPAC/CITAC Guide: Evaluation of risks of false decisions in conformity assessment of a substance or material with a mass balance constraint (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Francesca R. Pennecchi, Ilya Kuselman, D. Brynn Hibbert
A Bayesian multivariate approach to the evaluation of risks of false decisions on conformity of chemical composition of a substance or material due to measurement uncertainty is adapted to cases for which the composition is subject to a mass balance constraint. The constraint means that sum of the actual (“true”) values of the composition component contents under conformity assessment is equal to 1
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Analytical chemistry of engineered nanomaterials: Part 2. analysis in complex samples (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Ján Labuda, Jiří Barek, Zuzana Gajdosechova, Silvana Jacob, Linda Johnston, Petra Krystek, Zoltan Mester, Josino Moreira, Veronika Svitkova, Kevin J. Wilkinson
Recently, the scope, regulation, legislation, and metrology of the analytical chemistry of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been reviewed in the Part 1 of the IUPAC Technical Report. Chemical analysis of nanomaterials in complex sample matrices presents a substantial challenge for analytical science and regulatory agencies. The purpose of the present Part 2 is to discuss the detection, characterization
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Catalytic oxidative carbon–carbon bond-formations of benzene-1,2-diols Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Yoshihiro Sohtome, Mikiko Sodeoka
The cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction has emerged as a powerful synthetic tactic for forging carbon–carbon bonds starting from two nucleophiles. However, the mechanisms underlying this reaction class are complex and not always intuitive. Thus, understanding the key principles to selectively promote the bond-forming event in each CDC reaction is a prominent step for the further development
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The invention of Volta’s Pile and its diffusion in Europe at war in the year 1800 Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Luigi Fabbrizzi
Alessandro Volta built his pile in the winter of 1799 in his country house with no lab and no technical staff because, due to the war against Napoleon, the Austrians had closed the University of Pavia and fired the professors. Volta sent the article on the pile to the Royal Society in March 1800, and through the long process of publication in the journal Philosophical Transactions (September 1800)
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Dispersion control by using a bulky surfactant medium in the LB films for the enhancement of linearly polarized luminescence of Eu complexes Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Keiichiro Ozawa, Hideyuki Tanaka, Hitomi Ohmagari, Megumi Ishii, Shinya Kimura, Kenta Goto, Shogo Kawaguchi, Masamichi Yamanaka, Miki Hasegawa
The ff transition of lanthanide ions such as Eu in the complex appears as unique energy relaxation process as luminescence after the intramolecular energy transfer from the photo-excitation of the ligand with π-electronic system. The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film consisting of Eu and amphiphilic naphtoic acids (NaphC15) induced the linearly polarized luminescence (LPL) with a medium, stearic acid (SA)
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Chemical data evaluation: general considerations and approaches for IUPAC projects and the chemistry community (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 David G. Shaw, Ian Bruno, Stuart Chalk, Glenn Hefter, David Brynn Hibbert, Robin A. Hutchinson, M. Clara F. Magalhães, Joseph Magee, Leah R. McEwen, John Rumble, Gregory T. Russell, Earle Waghorne, Thomas Walczyk, Timothy J. Wallington
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has a long tradition of supporting the compilation of chemical data and their evaluation through direct projects, nomenclature and terminology work, and partnerships with international scientific bodies, government agencies, and other organizations. The IUPAC Interdivisional Subcommittee on Critical Evaluation of Data has been established to provide
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A brief guide to polymer characterization: structure (IUPAC technical report) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-15 Paul D. Topham, Raymond J. Boucher, Taihyun Chang, Miroslava Dušková Smrčková, Wesley S. Farrell, Jiasong He, Michael Hess, Wenbing Hu, Helena J. Hutchins-Crawford, Daniel J. Keddie, Peter E. Mallon, Jan Merna, Natalie Stingelin, Adriana Šturcová, Jiří Vohlídal
To bolster the series of Brief Guides released by International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), here we introduce the first Brief Guide to Polymer Characterization. This article provides a concise overview of characterization methods for teachers, students, non-specialists, and newcomers to polymer science as well as being a useful manual for researchers and technicians. Unlike pure low
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Transition metal complexes for electrochromic and electrofluorochromic devices Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Yuna Kim, Kazuya Kubo
This minireview discusses recent advances in transition metal complexes for electrochromic (EC) and electrofluorochromic (EFC) devices. EC and EFC materials can switch their color and photoluminescence, respectively, through electrochemical redox reactions. Transition metal complexes offer promising opportunities due to their molecular design versatility for various optoelectrical properties. The review
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From metabolism to disease: the biological roles of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) Pure Appl. Chem. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Isadora de Araújo Oliveira, Daniela Maria dos Santos Lucena, Bruno da Costa Rodrigues, Victória Trindade Maller, Rodrigo Nunes da Fonseca, Diego Allonso, Adriane Regina Todeschini
Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), an important route for de novo synthesis of amino sugars, which are key components of prokaryotic cell walls, chitin, and complex eukaryotic glycoconjugates. GFAT also plays a major role in several pathological processes, including cancer and diabetes. It has been 60 years