(2021). Dedicated to Professor Peter Krumbiegel on the occasion of his 85th birthday. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies. Ahead of Print.

ABSTRACT Our study aimed to assess the nutritional status by using body composition among young Tunisian adults through three measurement methods: body mass index (BMI), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and deuterium oxide dilution technique (2H2O) and to determine the accuracy of BMI and BIA in order to evaluate the overweight and obesity among young adults in Tunisia. Our study involved 144

ABSTRACT Radiocarbon (14C) is useful for estimating groundwater ages for transport and water resource exploitation assessment. If the 14C content of dissolved inorganic carbon (14CDIC) is known, the age of groundwater can be estimated by applying a radiocarbon decay equation combined with an appropriate geochemical correction model. However, age determinations are subject to uncertainties caused by

ABSTRACT Radiocarbon activity (a14C) and 13C composition (δ 13C) were measured in hygrophyte and mesophyte (land) mosses collected in the natural habitat of the Plitvice Lakes and along the Zrmanja and Krupa Rivers (typical continental and Mediterranean climates, respectively), Croatia. a14C and δ 13C values of mosses, of atmospheric CO2 and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were compared with contemporary

ABSTRACT A comprehensive study was conducted to understand the radon (222Rn) distribution and associated radiation doses to the public in a small tropical river basin partly set in the western slope of the Southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India. Radon, though detected in all the 71 monitored wells (0.17–68.3 Bq L–1), exceeded the maximum contamination level (MCL) of 11.1 Bq L–1 for drinking water

(2020). Environmental isotope applications in Latin America and the Caribbean region. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies: Vol. 56, Environmental isotope applications in Latin America and the Carribean region, pp. 387-390.

ABSTRACT Glacial and periglacial basins contain the largest reserves of fresh water in the world. These areas are extremely sensitive to global warming and climate change. The dry Andes of South America are characterized by large periglacial areas. This study focuses on the water isotopic composition and hydrochemistry of a typical periglacial environment of the Andes, in the Vallecitos catchment (2400–5500

ABSTRACT Fluxes between fractured-karstified and detritic aquifers are commonly poorly understood in many environments. These two types of aquifers are in contact in the southeastern Pampean region in the Argentine Buenos Aires province, and the aim of this work is to analyze their relationship contributing to improve the hydrological model. A joint application of hydrochemical and multi-isotope (δ

ABSTRACT The mid-latitude coastal area at the western South-Atlantic out of the tropics is under the combined effect of different atmospheric circulation patterns at different temporal scales, which can be shown by the isotope composition of precipitation. This pattern effect is more changing and complex than that for the well-studied tropical areas, the isotope studies being an interesting proxy for

ABSTRACT Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope compositions (δ13C and δ15N) of organic matter (OM) and total organic carbon to total nitrogen ratio (Corg/TN) in a sediment core collected in Sagua estuary (Cuba), were investigated to elucidate the origin of the Sedimentary OM (SOM) and changes in its main sources, over the last 100 years. Results showed almost constant values in the elemental and isotope

ABSTRACT In the present study we investigated the isotope effects associated with water loss from closed low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bottles via diffusion at temperatures between 4 and 60 °C. While at low temperatures (4 and 10 °C) no substantial diffusional loss of water was observed within storage time, a pronounced loss was found for the experiments at room temperature and 60 °C. The latter

ABSTRACT This study monitored the isotopic compositions of precipitation in Guilin as well as the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the isotope ratios and water vapour sources from 2015 to 2016. The results indicate that the lower isotope values of precipitation from ocean water vapour source are affected by long transport distance and fractionation during summer and autumn. In contrast

ABSTRACT Coupling isotope values of feathers and satellite tracking of individuals have the potential to reveal multi-season linkages between wintering habitat, diet and carry-over effects on reproductive parameters in migrating birds. Snowy owls Bubo scandiacus have multiple wintering tactics as they can use both terrestrial and marine resources during the non-breeding season, but their nomadic behaviour

ABSTRACT Since 1973, Kunene River water has been carried from the Calueque reservoir in Angola along a 160 km open concrete canal to the town of Oshakati in the central part of the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin and has been supplying drinking water to the most densely populated rural area of Namibia. Despite its importance for the region, intra-seasonal water quality and the technical condition of the canal

ABSTRACT The water sources of the Sokoto Basin are mainly of interrelated origin. The groundwater is composed of old water recharged in different climate regimes and of recent meteoric water. The recharge source is influenced by both local and regional moisture circulation given the lower slope and intercept of the local meteoric water line (LMWL) relative to those of the global meteoric water line

15N natural isotope abundance (NIA) is systematically higher in infants’ hair than in that of their mothers at birth. This study aimed to investigate this difference in plasma pools. We compared 15N NIA values for plasma amino acid (AA) pools (free + protein-bound) in the umbilical cord artery (UCA) and vein (UCV) and in the maternal vein (MV) at birth. This preliminary study included 7 mother–infant

Micropollutants are frequently detected in groundwater. Thus, the question arises whether they are eliminated by natural attenuation so that pesticide degradation would be observed with increasing residence time in groundwater. Conventional analytical approaches rely on parent compound/metabolite ratios. These are difficult to interpret if metabolites are sorbed or further transformed. Compound-specific

The isotopic compositions of oxygen (δ 18O) and hydrogen (δ 2H) of precipitation were determined from three different locations in the western Niger Delta (Warri, Ughelli and Abraka) between 2014 and 2015. 18O and 2H in wet season precipitation were more depleted compared to the dry season. Similarly, d-excess computed for wet season precipitation is lower than that for the dry season. The δ 18O and

ABSTRACT Hosting the flattest sedimentary plains and highest Andean range of the continent, southern South America faces hydrological transformations driven by climate and land use changes. Although water stable isotopes can help understand these transformations, regional synthesis on their composition is lacking. We compiled for the first time a dataset of H and O isotopic composition for 1659 samples

ABSTRACT Intensive groundwater use has altered the local hydrological cycle within the Bajío Guanajuatense, Mexico. To improve the knowledge of this hydrogeological system and support water management in the area, groundwater end members were identified using multivariate statistical analysis. Pumped groundwater is composed of two well-mixed end members: (a) recent recharge, affected by a reuse cycle

ABSTRACT In the eastern region of central Costa Rica, land use in the sub-basins of the Maravilla-Chiz and Quebrada Honda rivers (47 km2) is dominated by agricultural and livestock production, while groundwater resources constitute the main drinking water supply. This study aimed to (a) evaluate the location of groundwater recharge areas and groundwater flow paths, and (b) provide a characterization

ABSTRACT The Guaraní Aquifer System (SAG) is the largest transboundary aquifer in Latin America, extending beneath parts of Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay. This paper presents the results of recent hydrogeological studies in the southern portion of the SAG. Locally, the abundance of surface water bodies precluded the use of conventional hydrological tools to characterize groundwater flows

The carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of foliage is often used as proxy for plant performance. However, the effect of N O 3 – vs. N H 4 + supply on δ13C of leaf metabolites and respired CO2 is largely unknown. We supplied tobacco plants with a gradient of N O 3 – to N H 4 + concentration ratios and determined gas exchange variables, concentrations and δ13C of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates

ABSTRACT This work applied environmental isotope techniques to validate the results of previous studies on recharge sources in a rural area in central Chile (34.3° S and 71.3° W) and discern the origin of nitrate contamination in wells. Stream water and groundwater samples were taken during three surveys, two during spring snowmelt and one in low-water conditions. Chemical analyses included major cations

ABSTRACT Coastal ecosystems are under increasing stress from anthropogenic nutrient loading; which is most often assessed through water quality measurements. Here, 136 published studies on the use of δ15N to identify nutrient loading in coastal systems were analyzed to identify key strengths and challenges when using this isotope technique. δ15N has been used successfully for this purpose around the

ABSTRACT Water use by anthropogenic activities in the face of climate change invokes a better understanding of headwater sources and lowland urban water allocations. Here, we constrained a Bayesian mixing model with stable isotope data (2018–2019) in rainfall (N = 704), spring water (N = 96), and surface water (N = 94) with seasonal isotope sampling (wet and dry seasons) of an urban aqueduct (N = 215)

ABSTRACT In Chile, erosion processes (on-site and off-site impact) affect at least 36.9 million ha–1, representing 49% of the total land area. Different regions show severe soil degradation mainly caused by water erosion processes. The importance of sediment-associated transport and the key role of soil erosion affect the fertility of the land and the contamination of water bodies. The aim of this

ABSTRACT The estimation of lake hydrological characteristics such as evaporation/inflow ratios and water residence time becomes necessary for understanding cycling and potential retention of natural and anthropogenic substances into the lake. The aim of this work was to estimate the evaporation loss and the water residence time of a temperate shallow lake based on the water isotope mass balance approach

ABSTRACT This work presents a weekly carbon isotope composition analysis (June 2017–January 2018) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) in a tropical urban atmosphere (Central Valley, Costa Rica). δ13C values of CO2 and CH4 ranged from –12.2 to –5.9 ‰, and from –51.6 to –46.3 ‰, respectively. Mixing ratios of CO2 and CH4 varied from 384.2 to 528.5 ppmv, and from 1.860 to 2.613 ppmv, respectively

ABSTRACT The Mendoza River streamflow, South America (∼32 °S), derives almost exclusively from winter snow precipitation falling in the Andes. Almost 70% of the water feeding the river originates in the Cordillera Principal geological province. In addition to the snow that precipitates in this area, there are 951 cryoforms providing meltwater to the upper catchment. Given the high inter-annual variability

ABSTRACT Sustainable groundwater management implies a good knowledge of recharge processes, especially in areas with water deficit, like the semi-arid region of Banabuiú watershed (Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil). In this zone, phreatic aquifers consist of Precambrian crystalline fractured reservoirs characterised by a high spatial anisotropy, both in terms of hydrodynamics and water quality. This

ABSTRACT The Tubarão aquifer system constitutes a very complex, multilayered aquifer enclosed in the Paraná basin (central-southern part of Brazil). Despite the relatively low productivity of wells, groundwater represents an important source of water for the very populated and industrialized zones of the State of São Paulo. An extensive water sampling campaign was carried out followed by hydrochemical

ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to enhance the conceptual hydrogeological model in the Río Cuarto River basin by using isotope and hydrochemical techniques. The precipitation pattern, as reflected in the average values of δ 2H and δ 18O in stations located in the plains and in the mountains, showed an isotope depletion from the East to the West, attributed to continental and altitude effects

For many years after the discovery of the two stable isotopes of boron (10B,11B) in 1920 they were not used as tracers in the soil–plant system due to analytical constraints. However, with the advent of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the early 1980s, it became possible to measure precisely the natural variations of the B isotopes in biological systems. Nevertheless, up to the present

Considering the increasing pet owner’s concern about the food their pets are consuming, in this study we investigated the origin of the main ingredients in wet and dry foods produced in Brazil using stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen. We concluded that chicken and pork seem to be the dominant ingredients in most of the samples, with larger proportions in wet cat food. Even in pet foods showing

ABSTRACT Stable isotope data from durable, sequentially grown tissues (e.g. hair, claw, and baleen) is commonly used for modelling dietary niche breadth. The use of tissues grown over multiple months to years, however, has the potential to complicate isotopic niche breadth modelling, as time-averaged stable isotope signals from whole tissues may obscure information available from chronologically resolved

In 2015 and 2016, groundwater samples were collected in Hanoi to analyse the isotopic composition (δ2H, δ18O and 3H) and elucidate the relationship between groundwater and surface water, as well as the origin of the groundwater. The values for δ18O and δ2H indicate that the groundwater originated from evaporated meteoric water and the isotope enrichment is due to the evaporation of shallow groundwater

ABSTRACT Monitoring of water quality over several years has revealed a persistent pesticide contamination of surface and groundwater in several Caribbean Islands, with pesticide concentrations locally over the drinking-water limit set in Europe, i.e. 0.1 µg L–1 per substance. For Martinique, mainly one pesticide, chlordecone (CLD), remains of major concern despite its withdrawal from the market in

In 2015 and 2016, groundwater samples were collected in Hanoi to analyse the isotopic composition (δ2H, δ18O and 3H) and elucidate the relationship between groundwater and surface water, as well as the origin of the groundwater. The values for δ18O and δ2H indicate that the groundwater originated from evaporated meteoric water and the isotope enrichment is due to the evaporation of shallow groundwater

(2020). Correction. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies: Vol. 56, No. 3, pp. i-i.

A novel method of the accelerated equilibration of 18O between CO2 and H2O for the measurement of the 18O/16O isotope ratios in aqueous samples with natural isotope abundances is presented. This rapid equilibrium method is based on the in vitro application of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA). The CA from bovine erythrocytes was adsorptively fixed to 3-mm glass beads with an etched surface. After

The study investigates the factors that control the isotopic composition of tropical precipitation in Bangladesh. Daily and monthly rainfall samples were collected from three stations from 2013 to 2015: (1) northern and moderately high altitude: Sylhet, (2) middle part of the country (close to Tropic of Cancer): Savar, and (3) southern coastal region: Barisal. To escape from the post-evaporation effect

ABSTRACT The use of stable isotopes (δ 2H and δ 18O) is widespread in water resources studies. In the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region, the application of isotope techniques has increased in the past decade, but there remains room to gain self-reliance in environmental isotope studies, necessitating easy and fast access to good-quality isotope data. To that end, in 2018 the IAEA carried

The demand for fresh groundwater in the Jaffna peninsula in northern Sri Lanka, has been increasing as the only water source for domestic and agricultural needs. Isotopic and hydro-chemical assessment on groundwater recharge and quality was done with the objective of assisting groundwater management plans. Water samples were collected in pre and post monsoon periods for isotope analyses (2H, 18O and

Biomagnification of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, Fe) was investigated in 14 species of Caspian Sea commercial fishes using 13C and 15N analyses to decode their trophic position (TP). The stable nitrogen isotope ratios varied among the Caspian Sea fish species from 8.7 to 13.8‰ while the stable carbon isotope ratios varied from −23.7 to −17.6‰. The TPs varied between 2.2 and 4.9. Clupeonella caspia

The stable isotopes of water (18O, 2H) and other hydrochemical properties were used to assess seasonal changes between sources of stream water and flow pathways in baseflow conditions for two headwater sub-catchments (∼3 km2) of the Jonkershoek, a mountainous catchment in the Western Cape of South Africa. The sub-catchments differ in land cover, one is dominated by indigenous fynbos vegetation and

The stable isotopes of water (18O, 2H) and other hydrochemical properties were used to assess seasonal changes between sources of stream water and flow pathways in baseflow conditions for two headwater sub-catchments (∼3 km2) of the Jonkershoek, a mountainous catchment in the Western Cape of South Africa. The sub-catchments differ in land cover, one is dominated by indigenous fynbos vegetation and

(2020). PREFACE: IAEA International Symposium on Isotope Hydrology. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies: Vol. 56, International Symposium on Isotope Hydrology, Vienna, Austria, 20-24 May 2019, pp. 93-94.

137Cs concentrations were measured in mushrooms in an area affected by radioactive discharges of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) (Rosatom, Russia) in 2002-2017. The sources of radionuclides in the study sites were global fallouts and waterborne and airborne radioactive discharges of the MCC. The mushroom species Suillus granulatus and S. luteus showed the highest 137Cs concentrations (140-7100 Bq kg-1)

In this study, three chemometric models for vegetables growing system (field versus greenhouse), geographical origin and species attribution using stable isotope (δ13C, δ18O, δ2H) and elemental fingerprints of 101 samples (54 squashes and 47 radishes) commercialized on Romanian market were developed. These models were constructed and validated through linear discriminant analysis. Initial validations

Comparing two different techniques applied for the extraction of marine pore water samples from sediments, the well-established whole round (WR) method and the more recent Rhizon method, in terms of their effects on stable calcium isotope ratios in extracted pore waters, we recognize a systematic offset between the two sampling methods. Higher δ44/40Ca values are associated with lower Ca concentrations

A scarce natural snow cover forces an increasing use of artificial snow on ski slopes and returns a small amount of snowmelt water available to plants outside the pistes at the beginning of the growing season. We tested if the use of artificial snow on the ski slopes and the decreased natural snow cover outside the ski slopes lead to changes in the leaf ecophysiology of dominant species in a ski area

The Rhône River originates in the high Alps and drains an intensely cultivated and industrialised catchment before it discharges to the Gulf of Lion. We investigated the interaction of catchment geomorphology with nitrate sources (atmosphere, agriculture, and nitrification of soil organic matter) and removal processes in large and diverse watersheds on the basis of dual nitrate isotope signatures in

Saltpetre (KNO3; potassium nitrate) is one of the major ingredients of gunpowder. Simplex saltpetre (total 126 samples) together with gunpowder (total 93 samples) commodities which are currently prevailing in local markets as used for wildlife hunting and rocket festivals (local name in Lao: Boun Ban Fai) were collected from throughout Lao PDR. Dual isotopic composition of nitrates (δ15N, δ18O) was

Globalization of seafood product marketing caused the increase of request of an effective fish traceability that enhances the consumer confidence in food safety. In this study, an integrated multi analytical approach based on two different and independent analytical techniques (carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and fatty acids analysis) was applied in order to identify different fish species and

Stable isotopes in precipitation and spring water were observed in a low mountain region, because seasonal variability in isotope altitude and amount effects based on their simultaneous observations in low latitude area have not been studied so much. Seasonal variability in spatial averages of monthly δ18O and d-excess in precipitation ranged from -11.96 to -5.16 ‰ and from 8.0 to 24.2 ‰, respectively

Evaluated has been radioactive contamination with 137Cs in parallel to occurrence of 40K and total K in 31 species of medicinal mushrooms from Yunnan, China. We chose species that were not previously studied. The activity concentrations of 137Cs in the medicinal fungi in this study were low. The maximum values were 54 ± 4 Bq kg–1 dry biomass (db) in caps and 48 ± 5 Bq kg–1 db in stipes of saprotrophic

Severe droughts during the dry season and floodings during the rainy season are among the major problems encountered in the valleys along the Ping River in Thailand. Improving our understanding of the groundwater resources in this agricultural area is an important issue for the sustainable development of the region. Hence, in order to gain understanding on the groundwater flow dynamics in the unconsolidated

Selenium and oxygen isotope systematics can be useful tools for tracing sources and fate of Se oxyanions in water. In order to measure δ18O values of selenate, SeO4 2– must first be sequestered from water by precipitation as BaSeO4(s). However, other dissolved oxyanions insoluble with Ba2+ require removal. Dissolved selenate was separated from dissolved selenite, carbonate, phosphate, and arsenate

Our study focused on the incorporation of stable isotope ratios in water in climatic and hydrological observations to understand local hydroclimatic processes and determine basic hydrological sensitivity to climate change in East Ukraine. Long-term meteorological data from two stations at Kharkiv and Izyum showed that air temperature was significantly increased only for the cold period (November-April)