Abstract The design of a high-quality mechanical oscillator made of a superconducting material, whose frequency is changed by an external magnetic field, has been proposed and tested.

A pumped vacuum apparatus is described that contains an electron gun with an adjustable high-voltage voltage source, interchangeable metal targets, and flanges to which the object under study is connected. The apparatus is especially designed to measure the spatial and temporal characteristics of high-speed image converter streak cameras that operate in the soft X-ray range. It can be used for research

Abstract The Neutron Detector facility for detecting the neutral component of cosmic rays has been developed by the Dolgoprudny Scientific Station of the Lebedev Physical Institute. The description and performance characteristics of the facility are presented. Each module of the facility is based on SNM-18 counters. Unlike standard neutron monitors, this facility is sensitive to thermal neutrons. The

This paper describes the results of the development and the main technical characteristics of an optical-photoelectronic complex, which is designed to simultaneously obtain images of rapid processes in reflected and transmitted light. It consists of two devices for high-speed registration of domestic production, a pulsed light source with a gas-discharge point emitter, and a translucent diffuse-scattering

Abstract This paper describes an air gap that switches one of the sections of capacitive storage, which consists of 234 K41I-7 capacitors (5 kV, 23.4 mF). The arrester is launched from a special plasma initiator. The design of the arrester used elements that allow a large electric charge to pass with the ability for subsequent rapid replacement. The response time delay of the arrester is ~20 μs with

Abstract An apparatus is described that allows studying various physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere of supercritical carbon dioxide at pressures of up to 25 MPa and temperatures of up to 100°C. The apparatus is based on a compact modular cylindrical high-pressure reactor with a diameter of 90 mm and a height of 100 mm with an internal volume of 14 cm3. It is equipped with eight optical

Abstract The possibility of using the effect of full energy release in a light scintillator when an electron beam passes through it to determine the energy characteristics of a low- and medium-energy beam (the “absorbed energy” method) is experimentally shown. Using scintillation detectors with thicknesses of 14.5, 20, 23.5, and 51.2 cm, the energy calibration of the quasi-monochromatic electron beam

Abstract A compact deuterium–deuterium neutron generator for prompt gamma neutron activation analysis was developed at Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry. A neutron yield of 3.6 × 108 s–1 was achieved during of the bombardment of a titanium drive-in target by a 6.8 mA deuteron beam at 115 keV. The deuteron beam was generated by a permanent magnet microwave ion source. An 85 h long run with

Abstract Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is used for the identification of elements in any material or substance. Samples of four different tea brands contained many elements, some are natural tea elements while some adulteration has been added. These four tea brands are local tea and three brands have been analyzed by LIBS. Some impurities have been identified in these samples. Plasma

This paper describes the design of a gas-discharge emitter, which is implemented by limiting the spread of the discharge in a narrow gap between two transparent equidistant surfaces, with air as the working gas with a peak brightness of 6.2 Msb, a luminous body of 18 cm2 (at a discharge energy of 75 J), and a halfwidth duration of ~2 μs. This scheme can be used to solve a wide class of problems, for

Abstract Methods for measuring the composition of a binary gas mixture using the dependence of the speed of sound in a gas on its molecular weight, in particular, using an acoustic resonator, are considered. The described atmospheric hydrogen sensor target station for the cyclotron of the S-70 accelerator, which allows the production of medical isotopes, as well as a sensor for the content of neon

Abstract The enhancement in local and globalized electron heating has been observed after upgrading of ion Bernstien waves (IBWs) heating system in HT-7 tokamak. The overall capability of injection power has been upgraded from 350 to 600 kW (15–30 MHz) for best and active control of pressure and current density profiles, and to discover the new phenomena of plasma heating for good energy and particle

Abstract A laboratory magnetic resonance imager for small objects that operates in a field of 7 mT is described. The hardware of the tomograph makes it possible to perform experiments on different nuclei and to use double irradiation methods. The high degree of absolute uniformity of the constant magnetic field allows the use of relatively weak gradients to obtain images. The tomograph can be used

Abstract— The time and energy resolutions of scintillation detectors based on gadolinium gallium garnet (Ce:GAGG) crystals produced via cooperation between the Kurchatov Institute, the Research Institute for Nuclear Problems of the Belarusian State University, and the Fomos Materials Co. (Moscow, Russia, http://newpiezo.com/company/) were measured in comparison with crystals produced by the C&A Corporation

Abstract In present work, two piezo actuated cantilever beams are connected to a glass tube setup. The glass tube arrangement consists of the vertical tubes inserted in the liquid solutions, connector tubes, a glass bulb, and a helical tube, and it acts as a pump and mixer. When the piezo actuators are energized by AC voltage, vertical tubes start pumping the solution. At whatever point the two different

Abstract The results of experimental investigations of the angular distributions during magnetron sputtering of Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ge, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, In, Sn, W, Pt, Au, and Bi targets in argon at a constant current are presented. The operating conditions during the experiments corresponded to the values typical of industrial sputtering equipment. The angular distribution of the material flow

Abstract The results of experimental studies of optimized shock-ionized dynistors (SIDs) when switching high-power current pulses with a nanosecond duration are presented. It is shown that the efficiency of the SID switching process can be increased by introducing uniformly distributed equal-sized diode sections, whose total area is significantly less than the total area of the semiconductor structure

Abstract Present work describes the electrochemical sensing and determination of phenolic compound (Phloroglucinol) using non-ionic surfactant Octyl phenol ethoxylate modified carbon nanotube paste electrode (OPEMCNTPE) in PBS (0.1 mol, pH 6.0) by Voltammetric method. The developed electrode was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and cyclic voltammetric (CV) studies

Abstract— The possibilities of reconstructing discrete experimental data using direct inversion, i.e., deconvolution, are investigated. Methods for optimization, smoothing, compensation, and decomposition are proposed, with which it is possible to reconstruct data with minimal information losses in many cases of ill-conditioned problems and in the presence of data distortions. These methods are based

Abstract A method for determining the longitudinal electric field from the spectrum of soft X-ray radiation is used to measure the radial distribution of the longitudinal electric field. In the ohmic heating regime, statistically reliable spectra of soft X-ray radiation were measured at the L-2M stellarator. It was obtained that the longitudinal field is distributed approximately uniformly over the

AbstractA detailed review of the literature on betavoltaic power sources is presented. The problems that exist within their manufacturing technology and the results of studies and development works that are currently in progress are examined, the structures and operation principles of betavoltaic power sources are summarized, and the main stages in designing them are described. The presented information

AbstractThe results of experimental studies of a compact high-voltage pulse generator are presented. The generator is based on two artificial double forming lines in a collapsed circuit, which are switched by gas spark gaps; it also contains a peaking gas spark gap, transmission lines filled with a liquid dielectric, and a load equivalent. The characteristics of this generator were studied in the charging-voltage

AbstractA model has been constructed for determining the effect of instrumental and calibration errors on the accuracy of a method for strain−temperature discrimination using polarization-Brillouin reflectometry based on measuring the Brillouin frequency shift in two polarization axes of an optical fiber. It is shown that the errors caused by the discrepancy of the calibration coefficients are negligible

AbstractA method of safe chemical etching of optical fibers for their subsequent application in sensor and laser technologies has been developed. A series of thinned fibers (tapers) with diameters of the thin part of 5.7 to 24.1 μm and lengths of 2.3 to 11.1 mm was prepared. Using a frequency reflectometer, the location of the resulting losses in small-diameter tapers is shown. There is a strong dependence

AbstractA study has been made of the accuracy of measuring the attenuation coefficient in a single-mode optical fiber using Rayleigh reflectometry. It has been theoretically established that the minimum achievable uncertainty of such measurements is determined only by the spectral properties of the probe radiation and decreases with an increase in the length of the measured fiber to the power of 1

The Baikal-GVD project aims to create a deep-water neutrino telescope on a cubic kilometer scale in Lake Baikal. The telescope is at the rollout stage; its effective volume for detecting showers from high-energy neutrinos of an astrophysical nature has reached 0.25 km3. A set of experimental data on the telescope has been acquired since 2015 in the constant exposure mode simultaneously with the build-up

AbstractRecent studies reported that PIG negative hydrogen ions extraction for neutron tube is superiority to positive hydrogen ions extraction. Present maturing products of neutron tube on market almost use PIG ion source and extract positive hydrogen ions. If negative hydrogen ions extraction can be applied on present products, the combination property will be greatly improved. In this study, a contrast

AbstractA device is described that allows one to measure the photosensitivity contrast over the area of n+–p(n)–p+ silicon structures without contacts. The structure is placed between the capacitor plates and is locally illuminated on one side by two intensity-modulated lasers. The laser wavelengths are 1064 and 808 nm. The radiations of the first and second lasers are absorbed in the volume of the

A method is described for determining the position of an acoustic source in composite materials using Fabry–Perot fiber-optic interferometers. The proposed method is based on the analysis of the time of arrival of acoustic signals to sensitive elements during mechanical action on a composite material. The relative times of arrival of signals to the sensitive elements, which depend on the location of

The temperature sensitivity of an all-fiber temperature sensor created using the melting effect is investigated. In order to study the dependence, a special model was developed and assembled to check the sensitivity of the sensors to temperature changes. During the experiments, the temperature dependences of the spectral shift for the sensor were obtained in the 30–90°С and 20–320°С temperature ranges

AbstractThe principle of operation and technical parameters of excilamps with a small-diameter output window from a series of portable narrow-band ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet radiation sources are described. An example of using a KrCl excilamp to excite photoluminescence of crystalline materials is given.

AbstractThis paper presents a sensor for simultaneous pressure and temperature measurements, which is made entirely of quartz components and uses a Fabry–Perot interferometer and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). This combination allows simultaneous temperature and pressure measurements, as well as the reduction of the contribution of temperature to the pressure measurement. The sensitive element is a quartz-glass

AbstractAn ultrashort pulse laser is being used at the Schlesinger center for compact accelerators in Ariel University. The pulse duration ranges from 10 ps to 35 fs and can be varied using a grating, controlled by a remote control. However, there is no real-time indication of its duration while changing the grating position. This laser hits a copper cathode which results in ejection of electrons that

A standard distributed feedback semiconductor laser that is self-stabilized through the frequency capture effect of an external fiber ring resonator is able to replace the standard reference oscillator of a coherent reflectometer in the system of a distributed fiber vibration sensor. A direct comparison of the signal-to-noise ratio, as measured in configurations with a semiconductor and reference master

The results of a study of the generation of pulsed beams consisting of aluminum, carbon, and proton ions are presented. An ion beam is formed when a submicrosecond high-voltage pulse is applied to the anode of the vacuum diode at the moment of the existence of a dense explosive emission plasma in the accelerating gap. The plasma in the diode is created by an additional high-voltage pulse preceding

AbstractThe problem of information protection against unauthorized access is considered and the results of a comparative analysis of methods for extracting information from an optical fiber are presented. A method for detecting the formation of channels of information leakage, which is performed in various ways, is proposed for the successful struggle against unauthorized access. Among the analyzed

AbstractA generator is studied that consists of a low-power source with an insufficient DC voltage level for the consumer, a semiconductor switch on an IGBT transistor, an inductive-capacitive link, a thyristor that is switched on by dynistors, and a pulse transformer. The generator is designed to power various consumers with high-power current pulses with a repetition frequency of up to 100 Hz or

AbstractThis article is devoted to the study of the influence of acoustic environmental impacts on the operation of fiber-optic interferometers and measuring systems that are based on them. A method for reducing this influence by using an acoustically conditioned sound-proofing case for operation in the presence of external impacts in a frequency range of 20 to 20 000 Hz is considered. A mathematical

AbstractA backend system for registration narrowband cosmic radio emissions provides the computing of power spectra using the fast Fourier transform method. The amplitudes of the spectral components are calibrated by low-power noise pulses that are fed to the receiver from a modulated noise generator. A wide-band radiometric channel for calculating the unevenness of the power of noise pulses in the

AbstractThe dependence of the noise density in a signal of a fiber-optic towed streamer in a frequency band of 10 Hz–1 kHz on the towing speed in a range of 1 to 5 knots, on the coefficient of relative elongation of its elastic section, its type, and on the type of attachment of the elastic section to the towed body have been studied. In addition, the dependence of the tensile load on the studied streamer

AbstractAn experimental setup for microbial fuel cells evaluation and study is proposed in this communication. The essential steps to build a microbial fuel cell, together with the evaluation and test platform, are described in detail. The main goal is to allow and support experimental setup replication. Two possible experimental studies and data obtained are presented and discussed: MFC equivalent

An experimental set-up was constructed based on an ytterbium pulsed laser with a passive holmium fiber shutter, which provides time-domain reflectometry research the length of active fiber samples after drawing and during storage. The possibility of studying non-uniformities in the fiber and quantifying the attenuation coefficient of the optical signal at the source wavelength is discussed. The results

AbstractThe results of theoretical calculations and experimental studies of the characteristics of an acoustic test signal when using an acoustic enclosure of the “open-shield” type are presented. The enrichment of the test acoustic signal spectrum due to the use of the developed enclosure was up to +30 dB in the frequency range of up to 500 Hz and from +4 to +20 dB in the frequency range of 1500–5000

AbstractThe dynamic behaviors of single acoustic bubble are the key fundamental problem in exploring the mechanism of acoustic cavitation. In this paper, a synchronous high-speed microscopic imaging method is proposed to clearly record the temporary evolution of single bubble in low-frequency ultrasonic field. In the experiment, the temporal evolution of the bubble with two different initial radii

The article presents the results of a study of the concept of a distributed calorimetric fiber dosimeter based on the effect of stimulated–Brillouin scattering. The sensor design comprises one or several thermally insulated spherical sensing elements made of a material with a high γ-radiation attenuation coefficient fixed with a certain distance on an optical fiber. The change in the temperature of

AbstractThe first results are presented that demonstrate the applicability of a coherent optical frequency-domain reflectometer based on a self-sweeping fiber laser for sensing. An array of various fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) was used as the sensing line. It is shown that FBGs with a reflection spectrum that lies outside the scan region of ​​our source can be used in the developed reflectometer. Using

AbstractPulse height analyzer (PHA) is an important component of hard X-ray diagnostic to measure energy spectrum in experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST). In order to satisfy physics research of high parameters plasma, the energy resolution, time resolution and number of channels of PHA are required to be improved. A Multi-channel and time-division PHA (MTPHA) based on PXIe bus is designed

AbstractThe possibility of measuring strain (temperature) over distances up to 85 km in a single-ended optical fiber using the technique of low coherence Rayleigh reflectometry has been demonstrated. The indicated range is provided by employing Raman amplification of radiation in combination with amplification by short erbium doped fiber segments built into the fiber under test. The possibility of

AbstractA review of methods for diagnosing the most important parameters of pulsed beams of electrons, ions, and accelerated atoms, such as the current density, fluence, total energy per pulse, the energy density distribution over the cross section, the composition of the beam, and its energy spectrum, is presented. The main attention is paid to the methods of diagnostics of beams intended for technological

Abstract—The description of detectors based on measuring the secondary-emission current and results of their tests are presented. Multichannel profilometers with a range of n × 103 to 109 ions/(cm2 s) have been created. This range is largely overlapped with the range from a few units to 106 ions/(cm2 s), which is characteristic of scintillation and semiconductor detectors. Current profilometers are

AbstractThe results of using an optical system with brightness amplification based on copper bromide vapors, which consisted of a laser monitor for studying the surface of an aluminum nanopowder during a high-temperature combustion process, are presented. A pulsed laser with a wavelength of 660 nm and the possibility of external synchronization was used to initiate the combustion process, thus making

Abstract—A technique for visualizing supersonic underexpanded gas jets flowing from sonic or supersonic nozzles into a rarefied space with a pressure of 0.2−100 Pa has been developed. The technique is based on exciting the luminescence of a gas jet moving according to the prescribed law relative to a focused electron beam with a diameter less than 1 mm. The luminescence of the excited gas was read

erratum

Abstract—The issues of designing pulse-wave fiber-optic sensors are considered. Particular emphasis is placed both on the design of mechanical sensing elements and improvement of a fiber-optic channel, which largely determines the resolution and parametric reliability of the entire sensor, The use of a matrix of contact pads instead of a single sensitive point has made it possible to resolve the problem

AbstractA digital thermometer is described in which the use of a modified null method has significantly reduced the impact of changes in the gain of the measuring path on the measurement accuracy. Autoregulation of the zero balance in the thermometer is performed using two types of pulse modulation: amplitude and pulse-width. For a 12-bit digital output code and a measurement resolution of 0.037°С

Abstract—A chronographic image converter camera has been designed on the basis of a PIF-01 image converter tube to obtain spatial and temporal information in a study of light processes in the nano- and microsecond ranges. The duration of scans on a 25-mm-diameter screen of the camera can be varied from 0.5 to 10 µs with a limiting time resolution of 2 ns or better. Possible applications of the developed

Abstract—A method for measuring the concentration of Cr3+ ions is considered in ruby single crystals (Al2O3 : Cr3+) using X-ray fluorescence analysis. The laboratory energy dispersive spectrometer was calibrated using the external standard method for quantitative measurements. In constructing the calibration dependence, we used a series of test samples of ruby crystals in which the concentration of

Abstract—The results of experimental studies are presented on the spectral composition of pulsed X-ray radiation and electron emission of a micropinch plasma in a wide 1–300 keV energy range. Studies were conducted on a “low inductive vacuum spark” apparatus at various discharge currents. The results we obtained make it possible to determine the effect of the discharge current on the spectral composition

Abstract—This paper describes the design and parameters of a nanosecond accelerator with an additional transmission line that has variable wave impedance and a gas-filled diode. The possibility of controlling the beam current parameters by changing the air pressure in the diode is shown. Behind the anode foil, at a half-maximum pulse width of ≈1.3 ns and an electron energy of up to 350 keV, the beam

Abstract—The use of a special device that limits the field of view of a detector, i.e., a confocal collimator, is one of the approaches to obtaining information about the spatial distribution of the detected material in the methods for radionuclide diagnostics (in medicine) and X-ray fluorescence analysis (in material science). This device is a monolithic construction with a large number of straight