No abstract is available for this article.

HfO2 films have been deposited on quartz and p‐type Si (100) substrates using DC reactive magnetron sputtering technique by sputtering of hafnium target at different oxygen partial pressures. Variation of cathode potential with oxygen partial pressure was systematically studied. The influence of oxygen partial pressure on chemical composition, crystallographic structure, and optical properties of HfO2

The multilayer nanostructures have drawn attention in fields from spintronics to microwave electronics. The purpose of this work was to determine the composition of individual layers and to control interfaces in three‐layer superstructures [(Co40Fe40B20)34(SiO2)66/ZnO/C]46 by means of X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray reflectivity. The samples with different thicknesses of metal‐containing composite layers

The superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in ultrathin Co layers has been investigated by systematic annealing of Co ultrathin layer sandwiched between a pair of Au layer in the [Au (3.16 nm)/Co (1.5 nm)]x35/Si(100) multilayers. Apart from this magnetic transition, annealing‐induced modifications in morphological and structural properties of this discontinuous island like Co ultrathin layer

In the first part of this study, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite was synthesized by adding carbon nanotube before polymerization with bulk polymerization. Surface morphology of the PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposite and the PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposite with Chromosorb W was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface and thermodynamic properties of

Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐acrylamide) (PNIAM‐co‐AM) grafted onto tissue culture polystyrene surfaces (TCPSs) with different thicknesses and grafting densities were prepared by varying the spin‐coating speed and UV irradiation time for use in cell sheet engineering. The thickness of the PNIAM grafted surface, less than 30 nm, was believed to influence protein adhesion and cell attachment. However

Among biomaterials, the mechanical properties of magnesium and its alloys are closest to those of human bone tissue, making these ideal materials for bone tissue repair and replacement. In order to further improve the biocompatibility and biological activity of the magnesium alloy AZ91D, micro‐arc oxidation with a constant‐current power supply mode was employed in this study in a silicate electrolyte

The copper phthalocyanine and 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐tetracyano‐quino‐dimethane molecules adsorbed on the copper and single‐layer graphene‐modified copper surfaces have been investigated using Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The adsorbed amounts for both molecules on the two different substrates are almost comparable as confirmed by the C 1s and N 1s core level X‐ray photoelectron spectra

SiO2 and γ‐Al2O3 impregnation with nominal 10 and 20% of cobalt was examined using wet impregnation method starting with Co(NO3)2·6H2O. The samples were dried and analyzed by XPS prior to calcination to study the surface species in the solids and the role of the support in the processing of supported cobalt catalysts. The results showed that cobalt introduction alters the few top nanometers of the

Electronic properties of composite Fe and activated carbon (AC) were determined by using X‐ray photoelectron (XPS) and reflection electron energy loss (REELS), structural properties by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and photo‐catalytic performance by ultra violet visible (UV‐Vis) spectroscopy. The intensity of low loss spectrum shows surface state at 5.42 eV is decreased with increasing the amount of AC

In this study, the superhydrophobic surface with SiO2 nanoparticles and corrosion‐resisting property was prepared on magnesium alloy substrate by a simple one‐step sol–gel electrodeposition. The influence of electrodeposition time on hydrophobicity and morphology of the magnesium alloy surface was discussed. The molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to provide an insight into the interactions

To study the effects of low earth orbit (LEO) environment on film surface structure and resistance characteristics, reduced graphene oxide paper (rGOP) was irradiated by atomic oxygen (AO) in ground‐based simulation facility. A rough pits surface, chemical oxidation, and change in lamina thickness were found after AO exposure. The erosion yield under AO attack changed from 3.56 × 10−25 to 4.04 × 10−25

This study focused on the role of pore structures and nitrogen surface functional groups in the formaldehyde (HCHO) adsorption on the carbonized resin‐based materials (UFC). After comparing the optimal sample UFAC‐700 obtained by the activation of UFC at 700°C with the commercial activated carbon (CAC) and other UFC, the HCHO adsorption capacity for UFAC‐700 (12.30 mg g−1) is more than three times

The tribological performance and lubrication mechanism of graphene oxide (GO) aqueous lubricants with different pH levels on the strip surfaces during cold rolling were investigated. And triethanolamine (TEA) was used to adjust the pH levels of GO lubricants. The morphology of GO and physical characterization of GO lubricants were carried out. Four‐ball tribological tests and cold rolling experiments

Two imidazole derivatives, 2‐(2‐((benzo[d]thiazol‐2‐ylthio)methyl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)ethan‐1‐ol (BTM) and 2‐(2‐((1H‐benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)ethan‐1‐ol (BTMS), as a new corrosion inhibitor were synthesized, and their inhibition behaviors for mild steel contained in emulsion were investigated by gravimetric experiment, electrochemical tests, and theoretical

Citric acid passivation is an attractive alternative to increase the corrosion resistance of stainless steels. In this work, the correlation of passive film composition and the corrosion properties of citric acid‐passivated AISI 316L stainless steel samples was assessed. The concentration of citric acid in the passivating solution was varied from 10 to 30 wt.%. Passive film composition was examined

In our previous paper, we showed that the molecular weight of linear, trimethyl‐terminated polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) can be estimated using a standard curve by measuring PDMS endgroup‐related signal normalized to backbone‐related signal for PDMS films that are thick relative to the information depth of SIMS. Within industrial surface analysis laboratories, it is more likely that PDMS fluid is encountered

No abstract is available for this article.

SU‐8 is an important, epoxy‐based, negative photoresist that can create high aspect ratio features. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is a nondestructive analytical technique that can be performed in the open air. In this study, reflection and transmission SE measurement data were combined to model the optical function of SU‐8 photoresist. The data were fit using three different models: (i) a B‐spline

High mass resolution time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF SIMS) can provide a wealth of chemical information about a sample, but the analysis of such data is complicated by detector dead‐time effects that lead to systematic shifts in peak shapes, positions, and intensities. We introduce a new maximum‐likelihood analysis that incorporates the detector behavior in the likelihood function

The CN‐15‐x series materials with different doses of SBA‐15 template and the CN‐y‐2.0 series materials with different hard templates were prepared by the hard template method with hexamethylenetetramine as the carbon and nitrogen source. The obtained mesoporous carbon materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy

Al2O3 insulator layers were deposited step by step by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method onto gallium nitride in the wurtzite form, n‐type and (0001)‐oriented. The substrate surface and the early stages of Al2O3/n‐GaN(0001) interface formation were characterized in situ under ultra‐high vacuum conditions by X‐ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, UPS). The electron affinity (EA)

Spray pyrolysis technique was applied to deposit two sets of ultra‐thin layers of tin dioxide (SnO2). For the first and second sets, 0.01 and 0.05 molar precursor solutions were prepared, respectively. In both sets, utilizing the X‐ray reflectivity (XRR) technique, the effect of precursor concentration (PC) and precursor volume (PV) on the layer structure are investigated. The layer thickness of the

Inspired by the natural superhydrophobic surfaces with various colors such as the lotus leaves and the wings of butterflies, we report a one‐step method to fabricate superhydrophobic coatings by the combination of kaolin, acrylic color and organosiloxanes. The coatings were characterized using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and other analytical techniques. Different

Alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is an ongoing problem that causes damage to concrete constructions and reduces their durability. Therefore, minimizing this undesired reaction is of great interest for both safety and economic reasons. Additives containing high aluminium content are very effective in reducing the release of silica and enhancing the durability of concrete; however, the mechanism for this

Orb‐weaver spiders of the family Araneidae produce a viscous glue from aggregate glands. Spiders effectively capture prey by coating the viscous glue onto the spiral lines. The viscous glue has an unusual property. The main components are glycoproteins, salts (low molecular mass compounds [LMMCs] and inorganic salt), and water. The interaction of water and glycoproteins relies on the presence of salts

The interactions of polymeric methylene diphenyl di‐isocyanate (pMDI) and a model Fe–Cr alloy have been studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS). Films of two different thicknesses have been investigated: one with an extremely thin pMDI layer in which the interfacial chemistry can be probed directly and a thicker one in which sputter

The synthesis of the hydrophobic silica layer was conducted using the sol–gel method by reacting silica precursor trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) with variations in the precursor composition ratio (TMCS:TEOS) of 10:90, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 and then calcined at various temperatures. The TMCS‐TEOS silica thin layer has a significant influence on the surface hydrophobicity

In this work, a surface coating composed of organic‐inorganic hybrid sol‐gel based on bis‐1,2‐(triethoxysilyl) (BTSE) ethane was applied on AA2198‐T8 samples, and its effect on corrosion resistance was investigated and compared with that of a chromate layer formed in a solution with hexavalent chromium ions. The corrosion resistance of BTSE coated samples was evaluated by immersion tests in sodium

By means of a combined microscopy‐, spectroscopy‐, and tomography‐based approach, we investigated surface and interface defects in metal‐polymer heterostacks. The aim was to characterize both morphological and compositional alterations of the surfaces, originating in the physical vapor deposition (PVD) growth methods adopted in the fabrication process. Synchrotron radiation X‐ray computed tomography

A correlation of SIMS ion intensities to the molecular weight of linear, trimethyl‐terminated polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) has been developed by normalizing PDMS endgroup‐related signal to backbone‐related signal for a set of well‐characterized polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions. These initial experiments on thick PDMS films illustrate that PDMS molecular weight can be estimated using

Surface‐sampling mass spectrometry and imaging techniques offer the opportunity to directly interrogate a wide range of surfaces. Ambient techniques have become popular as samples can be analysed at room conditions with little to no sample preparation. However, more traditional (vacuum based) techniques offer superior spatial resolution imaging. This review aims to offer an overview of the capabilities

The ability of titanium dioixide to split water into OH− and H+ species is heavily dependent on the behaviour of defects in the crystal structure at or near the surface. We present an in situ study of defect migration in rutile TiO2(110) conducted using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). First, surface and subsurface defects were created in the crystal by argon ion sputtering. Subsequent in situ

Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) using a primary ion beam of (CO2)6k+ was used to analyse chemical changes in the bacterial envelope of a fabF knock‐out Escherichia coli strain. fabF is the gene coding for FabF, the enzyme involved in the elongation of FA(16:1) to FA(18:1) and has been associated with plasmid transfer that can lead to acquired multiantibiotic resistance. Comparison

No abstract is available for this article.

The 18th European Conference on Applications of Surface and Interface Analysis (ECASIA'19) was held in the International Congress Center of Dresden, Germany, from 15 to 20 September 2019. It was the third time ECASIA was organized in Germany after the early beginning of the conference series in Fellbach/Stuttgart (1987) and in Berlin (2003). As hosts, it was a pleasure for us that the International

The model RhOx/CeO2 systems were prepared by radio‐frequency (RF) plasma sputtering of Rh electrode in O2 or Ar/O2 atmosphere. Thermal stability of the systems and their reaction probability towards CO oxidation were studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was shown that the small oxidized Rh nanoparticles on the CeO2 surface (RhOx/CeO2) obtained by RF sputtering in O2 have spectroscopic characteristics

The Sr 3d X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum of Sr‐containing hydroxyapatite (SHAp) overlaps completely with the P 2p spectrum. Thus, the chemical state identification of Sr in SHAp is a challenging task. In this work, the Sr 3d spectrum was isolated from the overlapping spectra for analyzing the chemical state of Sr using a generic peak‐fitting method. The SHAp layers containing various

Plasma hydrophilization under various conditions was carried out on Ti substrates to investigate the effect of the applied parameters on the hydrophilic sustainability. The plasma was discharged from gases comprising Ar and/or O2 at various ratios using DC and RF modes. Notable differences in the surface morphology by the plasma conditions was hardly found, while the ratio of hydroxide on the surface

The binder phase Co in WC‐Co cemented carbide is dissolved easily in corrosive media (even in neutral solution), which has limited its application in a wider range. In this paper, the influence of Cr on corrosion resistance of WC‐Co immersed in neutral solution was studied, with a focus on the surface chemistry of the corrosion product. The results show that in neutral solution, the corrosion is mainly

Polyoxymethylene (POM, polyacetal) is one of the most popular plastics for machine elements, especially in Japan. However, it is difficult to use it under severe operating conditions such as high speed and high contact pressure. Diamond‐like carbon (DLC) coatings were well known to be tribological and functional coatings. However, both POM and DLC coatings are difficult to adhere them each other. In

We demonstrate the utilization of parallel angle‐resolved X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (pAR‐XPS) as a useful tool to analyze ultrathin sputtered tantalum nitride (TaN) thin films in complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) trenches. The chemical composition of TaN was estimated by pAR‐XPS using a Theta 300i from Thermo Fischer. An improved lateral resolution was achieved by analyzing periodic

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorbers were immerged in deionized water for different times, and specific chemical evolutions were monitored thanks to X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy. Cu(In,Ga)Se2 related dissolution products were studied in water through induced coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. From those analyses, specific surface network disorganization was observed, with Cu migration towards the

This paper aims to estimate the band alignment to CdS/CZTS hetero‐interface by direct X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. XPS was used to determinate the valence‐band offset (VBO) directly by determining the valence band positions at the hetero‐interface. The conduction band offset (CBO) value was estimated based on the band gap measurements by UV/Visible spectroscopy and VBO measurements

Low‐energy ion scattering (LEIS) probes the atomic composition of the outer surface. Well‐defined reference samples are used for the quantitation. For elements like fluorine and calcium, it is not easy to find suitable, clean, and homogeneous references, since fluorine is a gas and calcium is a very reactive metal. In contrast to surface analytic techniques such as XPS, the extreme surface sensitivity

Demand for high‐density press and sinter components is increasing day by day. Of the different ways to improve the sinter density, the addition of nanopowder to the conventional micrometer‐sized metal powder is an effective solution. The present investigation is aimed at studying the surface chemistry of iron nanopowder coated with graphitic carbon, which is intended to be mixed with the conventional

The surface topology of porous silicon (PSi) is a relevant parameter that decides the compatibility of such substrate with CMOS process. Using standard resistivity (1–10 Ω·cm) of Si substrate to fabricate PSi‐S is a low cost solution for the industry. In this paper, through an atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis, the root mean square (RMS) roughness, the power spectral density and the correlation

A hybrid film consisting of graphene oxide covered with poly(dimethylsiloxane) was prepared via spin coater and followed by thermal annealing to improve the bond strength of the polymerized systems. Direct patterning on both graphene oxide and hybrid graphene oxide–poly(dimethylsiloxane) foils by ion microbeam was performed to induce localized reduction in the ion irradiated material. It is well established

The metal ion‐doped (Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Ag+) TiO2 nanocrystalline thin films were spin‐coated on glass substrates. The grazing incidence X‐ray diffractometer (GIXRD), SEM, energy‐dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Raman, UV–VIS and a fluorescence spectrometer were employed to study the structural, compositional and optical properties of metal‐doped TiO2 films. As revealed by GIXRD, all the metal‐doped

Acquiring new methods to achieve the products with lesser molecular weight associated with minimum energy consumption in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recycling can improve the glycolysis reaction performance. The synergistic effects of gamma irradiation on the properties of PET wastes and heat treatment on the catalytic activity of novel hydrotalcite supported by 2‐wt% Pt/TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)

The influence of low fluence high‐energy ion irradiation on the modification of the ZnO surface structure and optical properties has been studied. ZnO samples of various orientations, namely, c‐plane (0001), a‐plane (11–20) and m‐plane (10–10), have been implanted with 30‐MeV Au ions with fluences ranging from 5 × 109 to 5 × 1011 cm−2. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in the channelling mode

One cause of the excellent hard‐tissue compatibility of Ti and Ti alloys compared with other metals is their ability to form calcium phosphate in biological environments. This is confirmed by many studies, although the formation mechanism has not been completely elucidated. In this study, to elucidate the initial formation kinetics of calcium phosphate on Ti in the human body, Ti was immersed in a

In order to improve the dispersion and compatibility of the hydroxyl silicates (HNSs) in organic resin matrix, the HNSs were first functionalized by N‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH‐792) via a hydrolysis process; thus, the imino and amidogen groups can be grafted on the surface of HNSs (NH2‐HNSs). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron

Poor plasticity and small dimension are the main disadvantages of metallic glass. Diffusion bonding and composite fabrication between bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and crystal metal are promising methods of addressing these disadvantages. In this study, the long‐term atomic diffusion behavior in the glass transition temperature (Tg) is investigated to avoid the formation of the crystalline phase at

Atomic structure, adhesion energy, and electronic properties of the bonding nature at CrN(200)/Ni(111) interfacial region are studied by first‐principle calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). A new method for building the heterostructure of CrN(200)/Ni(111) is proposed to solve the large lattice mismatching between CrN(200) and Ni(111) slab. Three models (OT, ST, and TL) with different

Biofouling triggers extensive research in ship tribology. Antifouling technology has garnered great attention as a solution for biofouling; thus, biomimetic lubricant‐infused surfaces are developed as alternatives to superhydrophobic surfaces. In this study, we developed slippery liquid‐infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) by infusing perfluoropolyether oil into porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) surfaces

An analysis of the intensity ratios, adsorbate over substrate and substrate over the clean one, is carried out, treating them as a system of two independent variables. This leads to simple formulas, ready to be applied to the determination of coverage up to the monolayer point, if elemental bulk standards are available. The procedure allows one more parameter to be found out compared with previous