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Haplotyping the Potato Psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) and the Associated Pathogenic Bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ in Non-crop Alternative Hosts in Southern Idaho Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Jennifer Dahan; Erik J Wenninger; Michael Thornton; César A Reyes Corral; Nora Olsen; Alexander V Karasev
Zebra chip, is a potato disease associated with the bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) and vectored by the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli Šulc. Potato psyllids are native to North America, where four haplotypes have been described. They are able to colonize a wide range of solanaceous species, crops, and weeds. The epidemiology of zebra chip disease is still poorly understood
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Field Observations of Body Temperature for the Wolf Spider, Rabidosa rabida (Araneae: Lycosidae), Differ From Reported Laboratory Temperature Preference Suggesting Thermoconforming Behavior Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Ryan Stork; Payton Smith; Corbin Aaen; Steve Cooper
Temperature affects all aspects of ectotherm ecology, behavior, and physiology. Descriptions of thermal ecology are important for understanding ecology in changing thermal environments. Both laboratory and field estimates are important for understanding thermal ecology. Rabidosa rabida (Walckenaer 1837) (Araneae: Lycosidae) is a large wolf spider with some natural history, including laboratory estimates
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Sugarcane Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Sorghum. I. Population Characteristics and Dispersion Patterns in Relation to Different Sample Unit Sizes Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Yubin Yang; Francis P F Reay-Jones; Thomas E Reagan; Julien M Beuzelin; Blake E Wilson; Jeffrey A Davis; Jing Wang
The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner), has emerged as a serious pest of sorghum in the United States. Field trials were conducted in Louisiana and South Carolina in 2016–2018 to investigate its population characteristics and distribution patterns in relation to four sample unit sizes (three circular and one leaf based). Sugarcane aphid populations usually progressed through a phase of
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Efficacy of Cover Crops for Pollinator Habitat Provision and Weed Suppression Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Casey J Bryan; Sedonia D Sipes; Mike Arduser; Leila Kassim; David J Gibson; Drew A Scott; Karla L Gage
Pollinator declines have been documented globally, but little information is available about native bee ecology in Midwestern U.S. agriculture. This project seeks to optimize pollinator support and weed suppression in a 3-yr crop rotation with a fallow growing season. During fallow, one of five cover crop treatments (T1: crimson, red, and ladino clover and Bob oats [Fabales: Fabaceae - Trifolium incarnatum
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Methyl Salicylate Fails to Enhance Arthropod Predator Abundance or Predator to Pest Ratios in Cotton Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Steven E Naranjo; James R Hagler; John A Byers
Conservation biological control is a fundamental tactic in integrated pest management (IPM). Greater biological control services can be achieved by enhancing agroecosystems to be more favorable to the presence, survival, and growth of natural enemy populations. One approach that has been tested in numerous agricultural systems is the deployment of synthetic chemicals that mimic those produced by the
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Spatio-Temporal Model for Predicting Spring Hatch of the Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 Erica C Smyers; Julie M Urban; Andrew C Dechaine; Douglas G Pfeiffer; Stephen R Crawford; Dennis D Calvin
The effect of temperature on the rate of spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), egg development was investigated for a population in Pennsylvania. Mean developmental duration (days ± SE) for egg hatch was evaluated at five constant temperatures of 19.9, 24.2, 25.1, 26.7, and 30°C using egg masses laid during the fall of 2018 and collected in 2019 from Berks Co., Pennsylvania
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Metarhizium Entomopathogenic Fungi Against the Beetle Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Hispidae): Isolation and Species Identification Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 Tao Lian; Hua-long Qiu; Chang-sheng Qin; Eduardo G P Fox; Dan-yang Zhao; Tian-song Fang; Hua Yang; Long-yan Tian; Jin-zhu Xu
Seven entomopathogenic fungi strains (M1−7) were isolated from field-obtained dead coconut hispine beetles Brontispa longissima (Gestro), identified to species, and bioassayed for their pathogenicity. According to ITS sequences, all isolates belong in the genus Metarhizium, mainly M. flavoviride and M. anisopliae. Measured median lethal times (LT50) of 1×107 conidia/ml of M1−7 against fourth-instar
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Divergence in Photoperiod Responses of a Classical Biological Control Agent, Galerucella calmariensis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Across a Climatic and Latitudinal Gradient Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 Tyson Wepprich; Fritzi S Grevstad
A key knowledge gap in classical biological control is to what extent insect agents evolve to novel environments. The introduction of biological control agents to new photoperiod regimes and climates may disrupt the coordination of diapause timing that evolved to the growing season length in the native range. We tested whether populations of Galerucella calmariensis L. have evolved in response to the
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Foraging and Spatial Ecology of a Polydomous Carpenter Ant, Camponotus leydigi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in Tropical Cerrado Savanna: A Natural History Account Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-12 Hélio Soares; Paulo S Oliveira
Carpenter ants (genus Camponotus) are considered to be predominantly omnivorous, mixing several feeding habits that include predation, scavenging of animal matter, and plant-derived resources. Nitrogen acquisition is crucial for the nutritional ecology of ant colonies because growing larvae require sustainable protein provisioning. Here, we investigate the foraging ecology and the spatial nesting structure
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Limited Scope Risk Assessment for Nontarget Ground-Dwelling Arthropods From Systemic Insecticide Applications to Young Pines Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-12 V C Cassidy; E P McCarty; C Asaro
The Nantucket pine tip moth (NPTM) [Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock)], a native regeneration pest on young loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.), negatively impacts pine growth. An emerging management approach is to apply systemic insecticides to seedlings to reduce NPTM damage. These systemic insecticide applications generally occur once, perhaps twice, during the first few years of loblolly pine growth
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Exploratory Survey of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) and Its Natural Enemies in China Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Bei Xin; Yan-long Zhang; Xiao-yi Wang; Liang-ming Cao; Kim A Hoelmer; Hannah J Broadley; Juli R Gould
An invasive population of spotted lanternfly (SLF), Lycorma delicatula White, was first noted in North America in Pennsylvania in 2014, and by September 2020 populations had spread to six additional states. To develop a biocontrol program to aid in the management of the pest, exploratory surveys for SLF natural enemies in its native range were carried out in 27 provinces and other administrative regions
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The Effect of Erwinia amylovora Infection in Apple Saplings and Fruit on the Behavior of Delia platura (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Matthew Boucher; Rowan Collins; Stephen Hesler; Kerik Cox; Greg Loeb
The Vector Manipulation Hypothesis (VMH) posits that phytopathogens develop strategies to enhance dissemination by mediating behavior change in insect vectors. The VMH is poorly studied in phytopathogenic bacteria, especially in systems with numerous, occasional vectors. Erwinia amylovora is a bacterial pathogen of pome fruit that produces a bacterial ooze and is mechanically vectored by insects after
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Quantifying Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Invasion in Northern California Vineyards to Inform Management Strategy Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Tyler E Schartel; Monica L Cooper; Aubrey May; Matthew P Daugherty
The spread and impact of invasive species in exotic ranges can be mitigated by increased understanding of pest invasion dynamics. Here, we used geospatial analyses and habitat suitability modeling to characterize the invasion of an important vineyard pest, vine mealybug (Planococcus ficus Signoret, Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), using nearly 15,000 trapping records from throughout Napa County, California
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Dispersal of Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae), a Vector of Xylella fastidiosa, in Olive Grove and Meadow Agroecosystems Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Nicola Bodino; Vincenzo Cavalieri; Crescenza Dongiovanni; Anna Simonetto; Matteo Alessandro Saladini; Elisa Plazio; Gianni Gilioli; Giulia Molinatto; Maria Saponari; Domenico Bosco
The introduction of the Xylella fastidiosa Wells bacterium into Apulia (South Italy) has caused the massive dieback of olive trees, and is threatening olive production throughout the Mediterranean Region. The key vector of X. fastidiosa in Europe is the spittlebug Philaenus spumarius L. The dispersal capabilities of P. spumarius are poorly known, despite being a key parameter for the prediction of
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The Short-Range Movement of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Rate of Spread of Feeding Injury Among Strawberry Plants Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-04 Babu R Panthi; Justin M Renkema; Sriyanka Lahiri; Oscar E Liburd
Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood infest strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne, Rosaceae) fields from nearby crop fields and surrounding vegetation and cause injury to plants by feeding on young leaf tissues. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine the short-range movement of S. dorsalis to assess the risk of an early S. dorsalis population to spread to adjacent plants. In a greenhouse
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The Benefits of Omnivory for Reproduction and Life History of a Specialized Aphid Predator, Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 Hannah E Stowe; J P Michaud; Tania Kim
The convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, is a specialized predator of cereal aphids on the High Plains, completing its first generation each year in winter wheat, the resulting adults dispersing into summer crops and producing additional generations, contingent on the availability of aphids. In the present study, we tested the collective value of supplementary plant resources
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High Dietary Niche Overlap Between Non-native and Native Ant Species in Natural Ecosystems Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 Anna F Probert; Darren F Ward; Jacqueline R Beggs; Sarah J Bury; Syrie M Hermans; Gavin Lear; Margaret C Stanley
Ants represent a highly diverse and ecologically important group of insects found in almost all terrestrial ecosystems. A subset of ant species have been widely transported around the globe and invade many natural ecosystems, often out-competing native counterparts and causing varying impacts on recipient ecosystems. Decisions to control non-native ant populations require an understanding of their
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Effects of Temperature on Development and Survival of Nymphal Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Devin Kreitman; Melody A Keena; Anne L Nielsen; George Hamilton
Lycorma delicatula (White), an invasive planthopper originally from Asia, is an emerging pest in North America. It is important to understand its phenology in order to determine its potential range in the United States. Lycorma delicatula nymphs were reared on Ailanthus altissima (Miller) (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) at each of the following constant temperatures: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°C
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The Effects of Temperature and Host Stage on Development Rate of Parasitoids of Giant Whitefly Aleurodicus dugesii (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Erich N Schoeller; Richard A Redak
The effects of rearing temperature and host stage parasitized on the development of three parasitoid species; Encarsia noyesi Hayat (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Idioporus affinis LaSalle & Polaszek (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), and Entedononecremnus krauteri Zolnerowich & Rose (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were investigated. These parasitoids are part of the biological control program for the giant whitefly
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Temperature and Humidity Interact to Influence Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Survival Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Joanna J Fisher; Jhalendra P Rijal; Frank G Zalom
High-temperature events can influence insect population dynamics and could be especially important for predicting the potential spread and establishment of invasive insects. The interaction between temperature and environmental humidity on insect populations is not well understood but can be a key factor that determines habitat range and population size. The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha
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Host Plant Signal Persistence in the Gut of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 James Hepler; Rodney Cooper; Elizabeth Beers
Determining the host range of an invasive insect in a new environment is a key step in the development of management strategies. As the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål, expands into agricultural regions of North America, efforts to elucidate its dietary habits on a landscape scale rely on intensive sampling of potential host plants. Although this approach yields useful information
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Fatty Acid Data and Crop Surveys Indicate Sources of Red Sunflower Seed Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Populations and Suggest Strategies for Management Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Jarrad R Prasifka; Beth Ferguson; James V Anderson
The red sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus L., is a univoltine seed-feeding pest of cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. Artificial infestations of S. fulvus onto sunflowers with traditional (<25% oleic acid), mid-oleic (55–75%), or high oleic (>80%) fatty acid profiles were used to test if fatty acids could be used as natural markers to estimate the proportion of weevils developing on oilseed
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Estimating Population Abundance of Burying Beetles Using Photo-Identification and Mark-Recapture Methods Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 Brandon M Quinby; J Curtis Creighton; Elizabeth A Flaherty
Successful conservation and management of protected wildlife populations require reliable population abundance data. Traditional capture-mark-recapture methods can be costly, time-consuming, and invasive. Photographic mark-recapture (PMR) is a cost-effective, minimally invasive way to study population dynamics in species with distinct markings or color patterns. We tested the feasibility and the application
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Life History and Rearing of Anastatus orientalis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), an Egg Parasitoid of the Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 Hannah J Broadley; Juli R Gould; Liam T Sullivan; Xiao-yi Wang; Kim A Hoelmer; Mauri L Hickin; Joseph S Elkinton
To support efforts to manage and contain spotted lanternfly (SLF), Lycorma delicatula White (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), research is being conducted to develop classical biological control methods. To date, two potential biocontrol agents from China have been identified: an egg parasitoid, Anastatus orientalis, and a nymphal parasitoid, Dryinus sinicus Olmi (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae). The research detailed
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Landscape Composition and Fungicide Exposure Influence Host–Pathogen Dynamics in a Solitary Bee Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 Erin Krichilsky; Mary Centrella; Brian Eitzer; Bryan Danforth; Katja Poveda; Heather Grab
Both ecosystem function and agricultural productivity depend on services provided by bees; these services are at risk from bee declines which have been linked to land use change, pesticide exposure, and pathogens. Although these stressors often co-occur in agroecosystems, a majority of pollinator health studies have focused on these factors in isolation, therefore limiting our ability to make informed
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Distinct Adult Eclosion Traits of Sibling Species Rhagoletis pomonella and Rhagoletis zephyria (Diptera: Tephritidae) Under Laboratory Conditions Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 Wee L Yee; Robert B Goughnour; Jeffrey L Feder
Closely related phytophagous insects that specialize on different host plants may have divergent responses to environmental factors. Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) and Rhagoletis zephyria Snow (Diptera: Tephritidae) are sibling, sympatric fly species found in western North America that attack and mate on plants of Rosaceae (~60 taxa) and Caprifoliaceae (three taxa), respectively, likely contributing
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Elevational Changes in Mormon Cricket Life Histories: Minimum Temperature for Nymphal Growth Declines With Elevation Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Robert B Srygley
As the mean temperature and the duration of the growing season decline with elevation, growth of immature insects should initiate at a lower temperature, but it should also be faster to complete development prior to season’s end. Although flightless, Mormon crickets migrate in large aggregations across broad spatial and elevational distances that might limit adaptations to local environments. In addition
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Which Pitfall Traps and Sampling Effort to Choose to Evaluate Cropping System Effects on Spider and Carabid Assemblages? Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Antoine Gardarin; Muriel Valantin-Morison
In arable agroecosystems, arthropod communities often have a reduced abundance and diversity, which represents a challenge for sampling techniques needed to detect small differences among these simplified communities. We evaluated the suitability of pitfall traps for comparing the effects of cropping systems on arthropod communities. In a field experiment, we compared the effects of two pitfall trap
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Effects of Parasitoid Age, Host Egg Age, and Host Egg Freezing on Reproductive Success of Ooencyrtus mirus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on Bagrada hilaris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Nancy Power; Fatemeh Ganjisaffar; Karen Xu; Thomas M Perring
Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) is a serious pest on brassica crops in many regions throughout the world. As part of our efforts to enhance biological control, we have been studying an egg parasitoid that was collected from B. hilaris eggs found on brassica plant debris in Pakistan. This species has recently been described as Ooencyrtus mirus Triapitsyn & Power. A major component of rearing biological
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Long-Distance Migration of the Globe Skimmer Dragonfly to Japan Revealed Using Stable Hydrogen (δ 2H) Isotopes Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Keith A Hobson; Hiroshi Jinguji; Yuta Ichikawa; Jackson W Kusack; R Charles Anderson
The globe skimmer dragonfly, Pantala flavescens Fabricius (Odonata: Libellulidae), is a long-distance migrant, well adapted to exploiting ephemeral waterbodies. This species occurs in Japan every summer, but overwintering has only been recorded on subtropical Ishigaki Island. It is not known from where the summer immigrants originate, nor what proportion of the globe skimmers seen in Japan are of local
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Biology of Mushroom Phorid Flies, Megaselia halterata (Diptera: Phoridae): Effects of Temperature, Humidity, Crowding, and Compost Stage Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Ikkei Shikano; Jason Woolcott; Kevin Cloonan; Stefanos Andreadis; Nina E Jenkins
The mushroom phorid fly, Megaselia halterata (Wood), is a common pest of mushroom production in many parts of the world. Due to the reduced availability of conventional insecticides for mushroom production, M. halterata has recently developed into a major pest in the top mushroom-producing county in the United States (Chester County, PA). Mushrooms are grown entirely indoors, and though larval development
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Carabid Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in a Seminatural Grassland and the Adjacent Old Beech Forest in Northeast Japan Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Yutaro Okatsu; Tadaaki Tsutsumi
The decline and disappearance of seminatural grasslands in Japan have caused a reduction in plant and animal species inhabiting such grasslands. We aimed to understand the assemblage structure, species diversity, and distribution of carabid beetles in traditionally managed seminatural grasslands, by comparing with the adjacent old beech forest. We investigated the carabid beetle assemblages in a seminatural
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Ground Predator Activity-Density and Predation Rates Are Weakly Supported by Dry-Stack Cow Manure and Wheat Cover Crops in No-Till Maize Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Elizabeth K Rowen; John F Tooker
Because it keeps land in production, conservation programs that focus on in-field habitat manipulations may help farmers better support predators than by building predator habitat around fields. We investigated two in-field habitat manipulations that benefit producers and soil quality: fertilizing with dry-stack cow manure and planting a wheat cover crop. We hypothesized that, compared with inorganic
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Contribution of Larvae Developing on Corn and Dry Beans to the Adult Population of Western Bean Cutworm in Michigan Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 Dakota C Bunn; Eduardo Dias de Oliveira; Frederick Springborn; Miquel A Gonzalez-Meler; Nicholas Miller
The western bean cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is historically a pest of both corn (Zea mays L. (Poales: Poaceae)) and dry beans (Phaseolus sp. L. (Fabales: Fabaceae)) in the western Great Plains. However, it has recently undergone an eastward range expansion establishing itself across the Corn Belt in 25 states and 4 Canadian provinces. To mitigate the effects of
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Effects of Temperature on Growth and Development of the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 Lang Yang; Li-Fei Huang; Wei-Li Wang; En-Hai Chen; Hong-Song Chen; Jian-Jun Jiang
The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is one of the most serious and destructive pests of rice in Asia. Climate warming in tropical regions and extreme-high- or low-temperature events may become limiting factors affecting the survival and distribution of N. lugens. The effects of continuous high temperature (CHT), discontinuous high temperature (DHT), and abnormal low temperature in summer
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Abundance and Diversity of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) as Affected by Grazing Management in the Nebraska Sandhills Ecosystem Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Patrick M Wagner; Gandura Omar Abagandura; Martha Mamo; Thomas Weissling; Ana Wingeyer; Jeffrey D Bradshaw
Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) serve a significant role in regulating ecosystem services on rangelands. However, the influence of grazing management on dung beetle communities remains largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate dung beetle abundance and diversity throughout the grazing season in the Nebraska Sandhills Ecoregion. Grazing treatments included: continuous grazing
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Semiochemical-based Reproductive Isolation Among Sympatric Species of Trypodendron (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Susanne Kühnholz; Regine Gries; John H Borden
Trypodendron retusum (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) females excised from newly attacked trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michaux (Salicaceae), were shown for the first time to produce the aggregation pheromone (+)-lineatin. Coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection analysis (GC-EAD) disclosed that the antennae of T. retusum, as well as the antennae of three
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Odorous House Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Colony Movement in Response to Moisture, Shade, and Food Proximity Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 T Aurora Toennisson; William E Klingeman; Karen M Vail
Tapinoma sessile (Say) is a common ant throughout the United States that frequently relocates portions of its nests to form large polydomous colonies in urban areas. Despite widespread research on the control of T. sessile as a nuisance pest, relatively little work has focused on the biology of its nesting behavior and movement. We evaluated shade, moisture, and proximity to food as factors triggering
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The Temporal Dynamics of Two Morpho Fabricius, 1807 Species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) are Affected Differently by Fire in the Brazilian Savanna Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 André Rangel Nascimento; Ivan Konstantinov Malinov; Geraldo Freire; André Victor Lucci Freitas; Ivone Rezende Diniz
Fire is one of the main disturbance agents globally and one of the main threats on the Brazilian cerrado (Neotropical savanna), acting as environmental filter for species selection. Individuals of Morpho helenor achillides (C. Felder and R. Felder, 1867) and M. menelaus coeruleus (Perry, 1810) were captured weekly using entomological nets and fruit-baited traps over a 36-mo period (from May 2005 to
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The Impact of Terrestrial Oil Pollution on Parasitoid Wasps Associated With Vachellia (Fabales: Fabaceae) Trees in a Desert Ecosystem, Israel Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Daniella M Möller; Marco Ferrante; Gabriella M Möller; Tamir Rozenberg; Michal Segoli
Oil is a major pollutant of the environment, and terrestrial oil spills frequently occur in desert areas. Although arthropods account for a large share of animal diversity, the effect of oil pollution on this group is rarely documented. We evaluated the effects of oil pollution on parasitoid wasps associated with Vachellia (formerly Acacia) tortilis (Forssk.) and Vachellia raddiana (Savi) trees in
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Revealing the Diet of Generalist Insect Predators in Strawberry Fields: Not Only Pests, But Other Predators Beware Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 K L Krey; W R Cooper; J M Renkema
Generalist invertebrate predators contribute to pest management in agriculture, providing an important ecosystem service, particularly in organically managed fields. DNA-based methods to study food webs and feeding interactions in unrestricted field conditions have transformed dietary analysis of generalist predators. In this study, we used MiSeq next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and universal
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Population Trends of the Sugarcane Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Louisiana Sugarcane Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-31 B E Wilson; W H White; R T Richard; R M Johnson
The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is the primary pest of sugarcane, Saccharum spp., in Louisiana. Spring populations are not considered economically damaging, but quantifying infestations can provide an indication of the spatial and temporal character of the damaging summer populations. Statewide surveys quantified the density of sugarcane tillers killed by D
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Distribution, Survival, and Development of Spotted Lanternfly on Host Plants Found in North America Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-31 Kelly Murman; Gregory P Setliff; Cathryn V Pugh; Michael J Toolan; Isaiah Canlas; Stefani Cannon; Leslie Abreu; Miranda Fetchen; Longwa Zhang; Melissa L Warden; Matthew Wallace; Jacob Wickham; Sven-Erik Spichiger; Emelie Swackhamer; Daniel Carrillo; Allison Cornell; Nathan T Derstine; Lawrence Barringer; Miriam F Cooperband
Studies were conducted from 2015 to 2018 to evaluate spotted lanternfly (SLF) distribution and developmental suitability of different plant species in the U.S. Tree bands on 283 trees spanning 33 species captured 21,006 SLF in 2 yr. More SLF per tree were trapped on tree-of-heaven Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) than on other species, on average, and most adults were
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Factors Associated With Diversity and Distribution of Buprestid Prey Captured by Foraging Cerceris fumipennis (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 Marie J Hallinen; Jacob T Wittman; Brian H Aukema
Many jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) play an important ecological role in wood decomposition and nutrient cycling. Compared with other saproxylic species, buprestids are considered cryptic as they are difficult to sample and identify. As a result, factors that influence buprestid diversity and distribution are poorly understood. This is especially true in urban forests, which may be uniquely
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The Reliability of Genitalia Morphology to Monitor the Spread of the Invasive Winter Moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Eastern North America Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Brian P Griffin; Jennifer L Chandler; Jeremy C Andersen; Nathan P Havill; Joseph S Elkinton
Winter moth, Operophtera brumata L. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), causes widespread defoliation in both its native and introduced distributions. Invasive populations of winter moth are currently established in the United States and Canada, and pheromone-baited traps have been widely used to track its spread. Unfortunately, a native species, the Bruce spanworm, O. bruceata (Hulst), and O. bruceata × brumata
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Attractiveness of Male and Female Adults of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) to Conspecifics With and Without Grain Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Sarah Currie; Vimala S K Bharathi; Fuji Jian; Paul G Fields; Digvir S Jayas
Whether stored-grain insects can communicate with each other inside stored-grain bulks is an important question for the development of pest management programs. Movements of the individual adults of Cryptolestes ferrugineus towards caged adult(s), in the presence or absence of wheat, were studied inside an apparatus (10 cm length), using an infrared camera. The numbers of the caged adults were 1, 20
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Changes in the Summer Wild Bee Community Following a Bark Beetle Outbreak in a Douglas-fir Forest Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Gabriel G Foote; Nathaniel E Foote; Justin B Runyon; Darrell W Ross; Christopher J Fettig
The status of wild bees has received increased interest following recent estimates of large-scale declines in their abundances across the United States. However, basic information is limited regarding the factors affecting wild bee communities in temperate coniferous forest ecosystems. To assess the early responses of bees to bark beetle disturbance, we sampled the bee community of a Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga
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Ovipositional Behavior of the Egg Parasitoid Gryon pennsylvanicum (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on Two Squash Bug Species Anasa tristis (Hemiptera: Coreidae) and Anasa armigera: Effects of Parasitoid Density, Nutrition, and Host Egg Chorion on Parasitism Rates Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Mary L Cornelius; Bryan T Vinyard; Joseph D Mowery; Jing S Hu
This study examined the ovipositional behavior of Gryon pennsylvanicum Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on egg masses of two squash bug species Anasa tristis DeGeer and Anasa armigera Say (Hemiptera: Coreidae) by evaluating how parasitoid density and access to nutrition influenced percent parasitism on egg masses of different sizes in laboratory tests. When three parasitoids were exposed to A. tristis
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Dispersion Patterns and Sample Size Estimates for Egg Masses of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 J Keller; J Rost; K Hoover; J Urban; H Leach; M Porras; B Walsh; M Bosold; D Calvin
The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), is a new invasive pest in the United States. To quantify spotted lanternfly population abundance, one must understand this pest’s dispersion pattern, that is, the spatial arrangement of individuals within a population. Spotted lanternflies overwinter in egg masses from late fall to May, making this life stage suitable for population assessments. We
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Wireworm (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Species Composition and Management in Sweet Potato Grown in North Florida Using Chemical Insecticides and Entomopathogenic Nematodes Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Dakshina R Seal; Anil B Baniya; Ruhiyyih Dyrdahl-Young; Robert C Hochmuth; Norman C Leppla; Daniel K Fenneman; Rhoda (De) T Broughton; Peter DiGennaro
Wireworms are immature stages of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and are considered a serious threat to sweet potato production in the southern United States. The major wireworm species collected in North Florida sweet potato fields in 2017 and 2018 were Conoderus scissus, C. rudis, C. amplicollis, and C. falli. These species vary in their behavior and biology. During a 2-yr study period, we
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Physicochemical Characteristics and Superficial Damage Modulate Persimmon Infestation by Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and Zaprionus indianus Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Michele Trombin de Souza; Mireli Trombin de Souza; Daniel Bernardi; Matheus Rakes; Hugo R Vidal; Maria A C Zawadneak
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae) were recently observed co-infesting persimmons in Brazil. We evaluate the infestation susceptibility of persimmons at different ripening stages (unripe, UN; early ripe, ER; orange ripe, OR, and overripe, OV) by D. suzukii and Z. indianus in the field and laboratory conditions. Additionally
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Competition Among Three Forensically Important Blow Fly Species (Diptera: Calliphoridae): Phormia regina, Lucilia sericata, and Chrysomya rufifacies Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 Amber E MacInnis; Leon G Higley
Avoiding competition is thought to explain insect successional patterns on carrion, but few studies have looked at competition directly. We use replacement series experiments with three species of blow flies: Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera:Calliphoridae), and Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) (Diptera:Calliphoridae) to characterize competitive relationships
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Better Together? Combining Cover Crop Mulches, Organic Herbicides, and Weed Seed Biological Control in Reduced-Tillage Systems Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 Danielle G Lewis; Matthew A Cutulle; Rebecca A Schmidt-Jeffris; Carmen K Blubaugh
Organic vegetable farmers rely heavily on labor-intensive tillage for weed management, which adversely affects soil health and harms beneficial insects that consume crop pests and weed seeds. Using cover crop residues as a weed-suppressive mulch enables some reduction in tillage, and combining this tool with recently developed organic herbicides may further enhance weed suppression in vegetable production
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Forest Matrix Fosters High Similarity in Bee Composition Occurring on Isolated Outcrops Within Amazon Biome Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 Ulysses M Maia; Carlos E Pinto; Leonardo S Miranda; Beatriz W T Coelho; José E Santos Junior; Rafael L Raiol; Vera L Imperatriz-Fonseca; Tereza C Giannini
Most studies analyze fragmentation due to habitat loss caused by anthropogenic activities and few of them analyzed fragmentation on naturally fragmented areas. In the Eastern Amazon, it is possible to find areas naturally open and surrounded by pristine forest. Understanding how species respond to isolation in these areas is an important challenge for decision-making processes aiming conservation and
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Impacts of Exotic Pasture Establishment on Dung Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) in the Brazilian Cerrado Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 Correa C, Puker A, Abot A, et al.
AbstractThe Brazilian Cerrado is the second largest Neotropical biome and an important hotspot of biodiversity. However, land use change in this ecosystem is producing landscapes with modified natural environments and anthropogenic environments, such as exotic pastures. In this study, we evaluated how conversion of native Cerrado vegetation to exotic pastures affects the dung beetle assemblages (Coleoptera:
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Predicting Rice Stem Stink Bug Population Dynamics Based on GAMLSS Models. Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-09-19 E J Seidel,J B Pazini,V L D Tomazella,A M C Vieira,F F Silva,J F S Martins,J A F Barrigossi
The rice stem stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is one of the most harmful insects for Brazilian rice fields. Aiming to define the most appropriate time and place for pest management measures in commercial paddy fields, we adjusted regression models (Poisson, Zero Inflated Poisson, reparametrized Zero Inflated Poisson, Negative Binomial and Zero Inflated Negative Binomial)
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Impact of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Infestation on the Jasmonic Acid-Elicited Defenses of Tsuga canadensis (Pinales: Pinaceae) Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-09-16 Chad M Rigsby; Ian G Kinahan; Amelia May; Amy Kostka; Nick Houseman; Suzanne K Savage; Elizabeth R Whitney; Evan L Preisser
Hemlock woolly adelgid is an invasive piercing-sucking insect in eastern North America, which upon infestation of its main host, eastern hemlock (‘hemlock’), improves attraction and performance of folivorous insects on hemlock. This increased performance may be mediated by hemlock woolly adelgid feeding causing antagonism between the the jasmonic acid and other hormone pathways. In a common garden
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Carbon Neutral: The Failure of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to Affect Dung-Generated Greenhouse Gases in the Pasture. Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 Fallon Fowler,Steve Denning,Shuijin Hu,Wes Watson
Research suggests dung beetles can churn, aerate, and desiccate dung in ways that influence the dung and soil microbes producing greenhouse gases (GHGs). We examined the impacts of the tunneling beetle, Onthophagus taurus (Schreber), and the dwelling beetle, Labarrus pseudolividus (Balthasar), on the carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emitted from pasture-laid bovine dung
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Reproduction and Control of the Invasive Polyphagous Shot Hole Borer, Euwallacea nr. fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), in Three Species of Hardwoods: Effective Sanitation Through Felling and Chipping. Environ. Entomol. (IF 1.586) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 Yigen Chen,Tom W Coleman,Adrian L Poloni,Lori Nelson,Steven J Seybold
The invasive ambrosia beetle polyphagous shot hole borer is one member of the cryptic species, Euwallacea nr. fornicatus (Eichhoff), and poses a great ecological and environmental threat to ornamental and native hardwood trees and agriculturally important tree crops in southern California, United States. We monitored the emergence of polyphagous shot hole borer adults from chipped and unchipped cut