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Effects of unstable β-PheRS on food avoidance, growth, and development are suppressed by the appetite hormone CCHa2 Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Dominique Brunßen, Beat Suter
Amino acyl-tRNA synthetases perform diverse non-canonical functions aside from their essential role in charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acid. The phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS/FARS) is...
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Ribose-cysteine and levodopa abrogate Parkinsonism via the regulation of neurochemical and redox activities in alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Olumayowa K. Idowu, Ademola A. Oremosu, Olufunke O. Dosumu, Abdullahi A. Mohammed
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the most prevalent type of parkinsonism, is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by several non-motor and motor symptoms. PD is thought to have a complex aetio...
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Long-range repression by ecdysone receptor on complex enhancers of the insulin receptor gene Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Katie D. Thompson, Will Suber, Rachel Nicholas, David N. Arnosti
ABSTRACT The insulin signalling pathway is evolutionarily conserved throughout metazoans, playing key roles in development, growth, and metabolism. Misregulation of this pathway is associated with a multitude of disease states including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegeneration. The human insulin receptor gene (INSR) is widely expressed throughout development and was previously described as a ‘housekeeping’
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First record of Stigmatomyces (Ascomycota: Laboulbeniales) on Drosophilidae from Japan Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Izumi Yamazaki, Moe Onuma, Haruka Omiya, Tomohiko Ri, Natsumi Kanzaki, Yousuke Degawa, Kyoichi Sawamura
ABSTRACT Three Stigmatomyces species were detected on five drosophilid species from Japan. We report Stigmatomyces majewskii on Drosophila rufa and Drosophila suzukii, Stigmatomyces scaptodrosophilae on Scaptodrosophila coracina and Scaptodrosophila subtilis, and Stigmatomyces sacaptomyzae on Scaptomyza graminum. Except for Scaptomyza graminum, each of these species is a newly identified Stigmatomyces
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Rbp4-Gal4, a germline driver that activates in meiosis, reveals functions for VCP in spermatid development Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Tyler J. Butsch, Alyssa E. Johnson, K. Adam Bohnert
ABSTRACT Valosin-containing protein (VCP) is a versatile and ubiquitously expressed AAA+ ATPase that regulates multiple stages of Drosophila spermatogenesis. While VCP has documented roles in mitotic spermatogonia and meiotic spermatocytes, it is also highly expressed in post-meiotic spermatids, suggesting potential late-stage developmental functions as well. However, tools to assess late-stage activities
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A tissue dissociation method for ATAC-seq and CUT&RUN in Drosophila pupal tissues Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-05-21 Elli M. Buchert, Elizabeth A. Fogarty, Christopher M. Uyehara, Daniel J. McKay, Laura A. Buttitta
ABSTRACT Chromatin accessibility, histone modifications, and transcription factor binding are highly dynamic during Drosophila metamorphosis and drive global changes in gene expression as larval tissues differentiate into adult structures. Unfortunately, the presence of pupa cuticle on many Drosophila tissues during metamorphosis prevents enzyme access to cells and has limited the use of enzymatic
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The utility and caveat of split-GAL4s in the study of neurodegeneration Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Luca Stickley, Rafael Koch, Emi Nagoshi
ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, afflicting over 1% of the population of age 60 y and above. The loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) is the primary cause of its characteristic motor symptoms. Studies using Drosophila melanogaster and other model systems have provided much insight into the pathogenesis
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Downregulation of Plasma Membrane Ca2+ ATPase driven by tyrosine hydroxylase-Gal4 reduces Drosophila lifespan independently of effects in neurons Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-03-22 Brenda Erhardt, Lia Frenkel, María Silvina Marcora, María Isabel Farías, Carina Cintia Ferrari, Fernando Juan Pitossi, María Celeste Leal
ABSTRACT In Drosophila melanogaster, several Gal4 drivers are used to direct gene/RNAi expression to different dopaminergic neuronal clusters. We previously developed a fly model of Parkinson’s disease, in which dopaminergic neurons had elevated cytosolic Ca2+ due to the expression of a Plasma Membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) RNAi under the thyroxine hydroxylase (TH)-Gal4 driver. Surprisingly, TH-Gal4>PMCARNAi
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Editorial note: flying high in Japan Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-03-06 Ryusuke Niwa, Makoto Sato, Tatsushi Igaki
Published in Fly (Vol. 17, No. 1, 2023)
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You may say I’m a dreamer Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Howy Jacobs
Published in Fly (Vol. 17, No. 1, 2023)
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We are being blacked out, but light is within us! Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-12-28 Iryna Kozeretska
Published in Fly (Vol. 17, No. 1, 2023)
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Larval nutritional-stress and tolerance to extreme temperatures in the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-12-28 M. Ben-Yosef, Y. Altman, E. Nemni-Lavi, N.T. Papadopoulos, D Nestel
ABSTRACT Within the factors affecting insect tolerance to extreme environmental conditions, insect nutrition, particularly of immature stages, has received insufficient attention. In the present study, we address this gap by investigating the effects of larval nutrition on heat and cold tolerance of adult Bactrocera zonata – an invasive, polyphagous fruit fly pest. We manipulated the nutritional content
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Cell-cell interactions that drive tumorigenesis in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-11-22 Masato Enomoto, Tatsushi Igaki
ABSTRACT Cell-cell interactions within tumour microenvironment play crucial roles in tumorigenesis. Genetic mosaic techniques available in Drosophila have provided a powerful platform to study the basic principles of tumour growth and progression via cell-cell communications. This led to the identification of oncogenic cell-cell interactions triggered by endocytic dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction
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The role of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of Drosophila melanogaster’s innate immunity Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-11-22 Max Yang Lu, Stanislava Chtarbanova
ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs ~19–22 nt long which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Their ability to exhibit dynamic expression patterns coupled with their wide variety of targets allows miRNAs to regulate many processes, including the innate immune response of Drosophila melanogaster. Recent studies have identified miRNAs in Drosophila which are differentially
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A screen of small molecule and genetic modulators of life span in female Drosophila identifies etomoxir, RH5849 and unanticipated temperature effects Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-11-22 Gary N. Landis, Sebastian Ko, Oscar Peng, Brett Bognar, Michael Khmelkov, Hans S. Bell, John Tower
ABSTRACT Mifepristone increases life span in female Drosophila melanogaster, and its molecular target(s) remain unclear. Here small molecule and genetic interventions were tested for ability to mimic mifepristone, or to decrease life span in a way that can be rescued by mifepristone. Etomoxir inhibits lipid metabolism, and significantly increased life span in virgin and mated females, but not males
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Notch Signalling Under Maternal-to-Zygotic Transition Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-11-08 Tomoko Yamakawa, Elzava Yuslimatin Mujizah, Kenji Matsuno
ABSTRACT The development of all animal embryos is initially directed by the gene products supplied by their mothers. With the progression of embryogenesis, the embryo's genome is activated to command subsequent developments. This transition, which has been studied in many model animals, is referred to as the Maternal-to-Zygotic Transition (MZT). In many organisms, including flies, nematodes, and sea
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HaloTag-based reporters for sparse labeling and cell tracking Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-11-02 Lydie Couturier, Juan Luna, Khalil Mazouni, Claire Mestdagh, Minh-Son Phan, Francis Corson, Francois Schweisguth
ABSTRACT Multiscale analysis of morphogenesis requires to follow and measure in real-time the in vivo behaviour of large numbers of individual cells over long period of time. Despite recent progress, the large-scale automated tracking of cells in developing embryos and tissues remains a challenge. Here we describe a genetic tool for the random and sparse labelling of individual cells in developing
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Characterization of enhancer fragments in Drosophila robo2 Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Gina Hauptman, Marie C. Reichert, Muna A. Abdal Rhida, Timothy A. Evans
ABSTRACT Receptor proteins of the Roundabout (Robo) family regulate axon guidance decisions during nervous system development. Among the three Drosophila robo family genes (robo1, robo2 and robo3), robo2 displays a dynamic expression pattern and regulates multiple axon guidance outcomes, including preventing midline crossing in some axons, promoting midline crossing in others, forming lateral longitudinal
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Dynamic movement and turnover of extracellular matrices during tissue development and maintenance Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-07-20 Yutaka Matsubayashi
ABSTRACT Extracellular matrices (ECMs) are essential for the architecture and function of animal tissues. ECMs have been thought to be highly stable structures; however, too much stability of ECMs would hamper tissue remodelling required for organ development and maintenance. Regarding this conundrum, this article reviews multiple lines of evidence that ECMs are in fact rapidly moving and replacing
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Studies of neurodegenerative diseases using Drosophila and the development of novel approaches for their analysis Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-06-29 Yohei Nitta, Atsushi Sugie
ABSTRACT The use of Drosophila in neurodegenerative disease research has contributed to the identification of modifier genes for the pathology. The basis for neurodegenerative disease occurrence in Drosophila is the conservation of genes across species and the ability to perform rapid genetic analysis using a compact brain. Genetic findings previously discovered in Drosophila can reveal molecular pathologies
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Ancestral dietary change alters the development of Drosophila larvae through MAPK signalling Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-06-29 Samuel G. Towarnicki, Neil A. Youngson, Susan M. Corley, Jus C. St. John, Richard G. Melvin, Nigel Turner, Margaret J. Morris, J. William O. Ballard
ABSTRACT Studies in a broad range of animal species have revealed phenotypes that are caused by ancestral life experiences, including stress and diet. Ancestral dietary macronutrient composition and quantity (over- and under-nutrition) have been shown to alter descendent growth, metabolism and behaviour. Molecules have been identified in gametes that are changed by ancestral diet and are required for
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Cell mechanics and cell-cell recognition controls by Toll-like receptors in tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-05-17 Daiki Umetsu
ABSTRACT Signal transduction by the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is conserved and essential for innate immunity in metazoans. The founding member of the TLR family, Drosophila Toll-1, was initially identified for its role in dorsoventral axis formation in early embryogenesis. The Drosophila genome encodes nine TLRs that display dynamic expression patterns during development, suggesting their involvement
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A standardized nomenclature and atlas of the female terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-05-14 Eden W. McQueen, Mehrnaz Afkhami, Joel Atallah, John M. Belote, Nicolas Gompel, Yael Heifetz, Yoshitaka Kamimura, Shani C. Kornhauser, John P. Masly, Patrick O’Grady, Julianne Peláez, Mark Rebeiz, Gavin Rice, Ernesto Sánchez-Herrero, Maria Daniela Santos Nunes, Augusto Santos Rampasso, Sandra L. Schnakenberg, Mark L. Siegal, Aya Takahashi, Kentaro M. Tanaka, Natascha Turetzek, Einat Zelinger, Virginie
ABSTRACT The model organism Drosophila melanogaster has become a focal system for investigations of rapidly evolving genital morphology as well as the development and functions of insect reproductive structures. To follow up on a previous paper outlining unifying terminology for the structures of the male terminalia in this species, we offer here a detailed description of the female terminalia of D
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Cutting edge technologies expose the temporal regulation of neurogenesis in the Drosophila nervous system Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-05-13 Makoto Sato, Takumi Suzuki
ABSTRACT During the development of the central nervous system (CNS), extremely large numbers of neurons are produced in a regular fashion to form precise neural circuits. During this process, neural progenitor cells produce different neurons over time due to their intrinsic gene regulatory mechanisms as well as extrinsic mechanisms. The Drosophila CNS has played an important role in elucidating the
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Interorgan communication through peripherally derived peptide hormones in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Naoki Okamoto, Akira Watanabe
ABSTRACT In multicellular organisms, endocrine factors such as hormones and cytokines regulate development and homoeostasis through communication between different organs. For understanding such interorgan communications through endocrine factors, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster serves as an excellent model system due to conservation of essential endocrine systems between flies and mammals and
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Biology and ecology of the Oriental flower-breeding Drosophila elegans and related species Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Yuki Ishikawa, Masahito T. Kimura, Masanori J. Toda
ABSTRACT Animals adapt to their environments in the course of evolution. One effective approach to elucidate mechanisms of adaptive evolution is to compare closely related species with model organisms in which knowledge of the molecular and physiological bases of various traits has been accumulated. Drosophila elegans and its close relatives, belonging to the same species group as the model organism
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Patched and Costal-2 mutations lead to differences in tissue overgrowth autonomy Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-04-25 Shannon L. Moore, Frank C. Adamini, Erik S. Coopes, Dustin Godoy, Shyra J. Northington, Jordan M. Stewart, Richard L Tillett, Kayla L. Bieser, Jacob D. Kagey
ABSTRACT Genetic screens are used in Drosophila melanogaster to identify genes key in the regulation of organismal development and growth. These screens have defined signalling pathways necessary for tissue and organismal development, which are evolutionarily conserved across species, including Drosophila. Here, we have used an FLP/FRT mosaic system to screen for conditional regulators of cell growth
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Cellular mechanisms underlying adult tissue plasticity in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Hiroki Nagai, Masayuki Miura, Yu-ichiro Nakajima
ABSTRACT Adult tissues in Metazoa dynamically remodel their structures in response to environmental challenges including sudden injury, pathogen infection, and nutritional fluctuation, while maintaining quiescence under homoeostatic conditions. This characteristic, hereafter referred to as adult tissue plasticity, can prevent tissue dysfunction and improve the fitness of organisms in continuous and/or
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The developing wing crossvein of Drosophila melanogaster: a fascinating model for signaling and morphogenesis Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-03-18 Hanna Antson, Tambet Tõnissoo, Osamu Shimmi
ABSTRACT The Drosophila wing has been used as a model for studying tissue growth, morphogenesis and pattern formation. The wing veins of Drosophila are composed of two distinct structures, longitudinal veins and crossveins. Although positional information of longitudinal veins is largely defined in the wing imaginal disc during the larval stage, crossvein primordial cells appear to be naive until the
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Structure-function analysis of Cdc25Twine degradation at the Drosophila maternal-to-zygotic transition Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-02-28 Patrick L. Ferree, Maggie Xing, Jenny Q. Zhang, Stefano Di Talia
ABSTRACT Downregulation of protein phosphatase Cdc25Twine activity is linked to remodelling of the cell cycle during the Drosophila maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). Here, we present a structure-function analysis of Cdc25Twine. We use chimeras to show that the N-terminus regions of Cdc25Twine and Cdc25String control their differential degradation dynamics. Deletion of different regions of Cdc25Twine
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A direct-drive GFP reporter for studies of tracheal development in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-01-30 Geanette Lam, Katherine Beebe, Carl S. Thummel
ABSTRACT The Drosophila tracheal system consists of a widespread tubular network that provides respiratory functions for the animal. Its development, from ten pairs of placodes in the embryo to the final stereotypical branched structure in the adult, has been extensively studied by many labs as a model system for understanding tubular epithelial morphogenesis. Throughout these studies, a breathless
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Adaptation and ecological speciation in seasonally varying environments at high latitudes: Drosophila virilis group Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-01-21 Anneli Hoikkala, Noora Poikela
ABSTRACT Living in high latitudes and altitudes sets specific requirements on species’ ability to forecast seasonal changes and to respond to them in an appropriate way. Adaptation into diverse environmental conditions can also lead to ecological speciation through habitat isolation or by inducing changes in traits that influence assortative mating. In this review, we explain how the unique time-measuring
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How Social Experience and Environment Impacts Behavioural Plasticity in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-02 Molly Chen, Marla B. Sokolowski
ABSTRACT An organism’s behaviour is influenced by its social environment. Experiences such as social isolation or crowding may have profound short or long-term effects on an individual’s behaviour. The composition of the social environment also depends on the genetics and previous experiences of the individuals present, leading to additional potential outcomes from each social interaction. In this
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Standardized terminology and visual atlas of the external morphology and terminalia for the genus Scaptomyza (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-12 Augusto Santos Rampasso, Patrick Michael O’Grady
ABSTRACT The genus Scaptomyza is one of the two Drosophilidae genera with Hawaiian endemic species. This genus is an excellent model for biogeographic studies since it is distributed throughout the majority of continents, including continental islands, the Hawaiian Islands, and many other remote oceanic islands. This genus currently comprises 273 described species, 148 of which are endemic to the Hawaiian
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The chemosensory system of the Drosophila larva: an overview of current understanding Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-06 Nikita Komarov, Simon G. Sprecher
ABSTRACT Animals must sense their surroundings and be able to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant cues. An enticing area of research aims to uncover the mechanisms by which animals respond to chemical signals that constitute critical sensory input. In this review, we describe the principles of a model chemosensory system: the Drosophila larva. While distinct in many ways, larval behaviour is
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Spatiotemporal changes in microtubule dynamics during dendritic morphogenesis Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Chun Hu, Pan Feng, Meilan Chen, Yan Tang, Peter Soba
ABSTRACT Dendritic morphogenesis requires dynamic microtubules (MTs) to form a coordinated cytoskeletal network during development. Dynamic MTs are characterized by their number, polarity and speed of polymerization. Previous studies described a correlation between anterograde MT growth and terminal branch extension in Drosophila dendritic arborization (da) neurons, suggesting a model that anterograde
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Mathematical modeling of Notch dynamics in Drosophila neural development Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Tetsuo Yasugi, Makoto Sato
ABSTRACT Notch signalling is a well-conserved signalling pathway that regulates cell fate through cell-cell communication. A typical feature of Notch signalling is ‘lateral inhibition’, whereby two neighbouring cells of equivalent state of differentiation acquire different cell fates. Recently, mathematical and computational approaches have addressed the Notch dynamics in Drosophila neural development
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A robust method to isolate Drosophila fat body nuclei for transcriptomic analysis Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-06 Vanika Gupta, Brian P. Lazzaro
ABSTRACT Gene expression profiles are typically described at the level of the tissue or, often in Drosophila, at the level of the whole organism. Collapsing the gene expression of entire tissues into single measures averages over potentially important heterogeneity among the cells that make up that tissue. The advent of single-cell RNA-sequencing technology (sc-RNAseq) allows transcriptomic evaluation
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Dawning of the open era Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-07-07 Howy Jacobs
(2021). Dawning of the open era. Fly: Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 89-90.
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In vivo assay and modelling of protein and mitochondrial turnover during aging Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 Hans S. Bell, John Tower
ABSTRACT To maintain homoeostasis, cells must degrade damaged or misfolded proteins and synthesize functional replacements. Maintaining a balance between these processes, known as protein turnover, is necessary for stress response and cellular adaptation to a changing environment. Damaged mitochondria must also be removed and replaced. Changes in protein and mitochondrial turnover are associated with
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Characterizing a gene expression toolkit for eye- and photoreceptor-specific expression in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-04-25 Spencer E. Escobedo, Aashka Shah, Alyssa N. Easton, Hana Hall, Vikki M. Weake
ABSTRACT Binary expression systems are a powerful tool for tissue- and cell-specific research. Many of the currently available Drosophila eye-specific drivers have not been systematically characterized for their expression level and cell-type specificity in the adult eye or during development. Here, we used a luciferase reporter to measure expression levels of different drivers in the adult Drosophila
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Drosophila as a useful model for understanding the evolutionary physiology of obesity resistance and metabolic thrift Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-03-11 Lindsey J. Gray, Marla B. Sokolowski, Stephen J. Simpson
ABSTRACT Evolved metabolic thriftiness in humans is a proposed contributor to the obesity epidemic. Insect models have been shown to evolve both ‘metabolic thrift’ in response to rearing on high-protein diets that promote leanness, and ‘obesity resistance’ when reared on fattening high-carbohydrate, low-protein foods. Despite the hypothesis that human obesity is caused by evolved metabolic thrift,
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Flying remote Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-02-23 Howy Jacobs
(2021). Flying remote. Fly: Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 45-46.
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Drosophila melanogaster: a fruitful model for oncohistones. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Amel Chaouch,Paul Lasko
Drosophila melanogaster has proven to be a powerful genetic model to study human disease. Approximately 75% of human disease-associated genes have homologs in the fruit fly and regulatory pathways are highly conserved in Drosophila compared to humans. Drosophila is an established model organism for the study of genetics and developmental biology related to human disease and has also made a great contribution
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Drosophila melanogaster: a fruitful model for oncohistones. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Amel Chaouch,Paul Lasko
Drosophila melanogaster has proven to be a powerful genetic model to study human disease. Approximately 75% of human disease-associated genes have homologs in the fruit fly and regulatory pathways are highly conserved in Drosophila compared to humans. Drosophila is an established model organism for the study of genetics and developmental biology related to human disease and has also made a great contribution
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Exploring Excitotoxicity and Regulation of a Constitutively Active TRP Ca2+ Channel in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Bih-Hwa Shieh, Lucinda Nuzum, Inga Kristaponyte
ABSTRACT Unregulated Ca2+ influx affects intracellular Ca2+ homoeostasis, which may lead to neuronal death. In Drosophila, following the activation of rhodopsin the TRP Ca2+ channel is open to mediate the light-dependent depolarization. A constitutively active TRP channel triggers the degeneration of TrpP365 /+ photoreceptors. To explore retinal degeneration, we employed a multidisciplinary approach
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Drosophila melanogaster: a fruitful model for oncohistones Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Amel Chaouch, Paul Lasko
ABSTRACT Drosophila melanogaster has proven to be a powerful genetic model to study human disease. Approximately 75% of human disease-associated genes have homologs in the fruit fly and regulatory pathways are highly conserved in Drosophila compared to humans. Drosophila is an established model organism for the study of genetics and developmental biology related to human disease and has also made a
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PseudoBase: a genomic visualization and exploration resource for the Drosophila pseudoobscura subgroup Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Katharine L. Korunes, Russell B. Myers, Ryan Hardy, Mohamed A. F. Noor
ABSTRACT Drosophila pseudoobscura is a classic model system for the study of evolutionary genetics and genomics. Given this long-standing interest, many genome sequences have accumulated for D. pseudoobscura and closely related species D. persimilis, D. miranda, and D. lowei. To facilitate the exploration of genetic variation within species and comparative genomics across species, we present PseudoBase
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Sperm viability varies with buffer and genotype in Drosophila melanogaster Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Ruijian Guo, Anna-Lena Henke, Klaus Reinhardt
ABSTRACT Sperm quality, an important male fitness trait, is commonly compared between studies. However, few studies consider how genetic and environmental variation affect sperm quality, even in the genetic model Drosophila melanogaster. Here we show that sperm viability, the proportion of live sperm, differed across the genotypes Oregon-R, Dahomey, and Canton-S by more than 15%, and across buffers
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Short is still sweet Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Howy Jacobs
(2020). Short is still sweet. Fly: Vol. 14, No. 1-4, pp. 1-2.
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A pipeline for precise and efficient genome editing by sgRNA-Cas9 RNPs in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 Kevin G. Nyberg, Joseph Q. Nguyen, Yong-Jae Kwon, Shelby Blythe, Greg J. Beitel, Richard Carthew
ABSTRACT Genome editing via homology-directed repair (HDR) has made possible precise and deliberate modifications to gene sequences. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HDR is the simplest means to carry this out. However, technical challenges remain to improve efficiency and broaden applicability to any genetic background of Drosophila melanogaster as well as to other Drosophila species. To address these issues
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The effects of genetic background on exercise performance in Drosophila Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Deena Damschroder, Kristin Richardson, Tyler Cobb, Robert Wessells
ABSTRACT The use of the Drosophila model for studying the broad beneficial effects of exercise training has grown over the past decade. As work using Drosophila as an exercise model becomes more widespread, the influence of genetic background on performance should be examined in order to better understand its influence on assessments used to quantitatively measure and compare exercise phenotypes. In
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SUMO conjugation regulates immune signalling. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Sushmitha Hegde,Amarendranath Soory,Bhagyashree Kaduskar,Girish S Ratnaparkhi
ABSTRACT Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are critical drivers and attenuators for proteins that regulate immune signalling cascades in host defence. In this review, we explore functional roles for one such PTM, the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO). Very few of the SUMO conjugation targets identified by proteomic studies have been validated in terms of their roles in host defence. Here,
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Drosophila GFAT1 and GFAT2 enzymes encode obligate developmental functions. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Po Chen,Sarah Visokay,John M Abrams
ABSTRACT Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) enzymes catalyse the first committed step of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) using glutamine and fructose-6-phosphate to form glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P). Numerous species (e.g. mouse, rat, zebrafish, chicken) including humans and Drosophila encode two broadly expressed copies of this enzyme but whether these perform redundant
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A method for the permeabilization of live Drosophila melanogaster larvae to small molecules and cryoprotectants. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-02-09 Alex Murray,Daniel Palmer,Daimark Bennett,Venkata Dwarampudi,João Pedro de Magalhães
ABSTRACT The larvae of Drosophila melanogaster is a model organism widely used to study the muscular and nervous systems. Drosophila larvae are surrounded by a waxy cuticle that prevents permeation by most substances. Here we develop a method to remove this layer, rendering the larvae permeable to small molecules without causing death, allowing the larvae to develop to adulthood and reproduce. Permeability
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The DNA polymerases of Drosophila melanogaster. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2020-01-14 Steven J Marygold,Helen Attrill,Elena Speretta,Kate Warner,Michele Magrane,Maria Berloco,Sue Cotterill,Mitch McVey,Yikang Rong,Masamitsu Yamaguchi
ABSTRACT DNA synthesis during replication or repair is a fundamental cellular process that is catalyzed by a set of evolutionary conserved polymerases. Despite a large body of research, the DNA polymerases of Drosophila melanogaster have not yet been systematically reviewed, leading to inconsistencies in their nomenclature, shortcomings in their functional (Gene Ontology, GO) annotations and an under-appreciation
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SILAC-based quantitative proteomic analysis of Drosophila gastrula stage embryos mutant for fibroblast growth factor signalling Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2019-12-24 Hamze Beati, Alistair Langlands, Sara ten Have, H.-Arno J. Müller
ABSTRACT Quantitative proteomic analyses in combination with genetics provide powerful tools in developmental cell signalling research. Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most widely used genetic models for studying development and disease. Here we combined quantitative proteomics with genetic selection to determine changes in the proteome upon depletion of Heartless (Htl) Fibroblast-Growth Factor
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Mitochondrial dysfunction generates a growth-restraining signal linked to pyruvate in Drosophila larvae. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2019-09-17 Jack George,Tea Tuomela,Esko Kemppainen,Antti Nurminen,Samuel Braun,Cagri Yalgin,Howard T Jacobs
The Drosophila bang-sensitive mutant tko25t, manifesting a global deficiency in oxidative phosphorylation due to a mitochondrial protein synthesis defect, exhibits a pronounced delay in larval development. We previously identified a number of metabolic abnormalities in tko25t larvae, including elevated pyruvate and lactate, and found the larval gut to be a crucial tissue for the regulation of larval
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Expansion of a fly TBI model to four levels of injury severity reveals synergistic effects of repetitive injury for moderate injury conditions. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2019-09-15 Lauren J Putnam,Ashley M Willes,Brooke E Kalata,Nathaniel D Disher,Douglas J Brusich
Several million traumatic brain injury (TBI) events are reported in the United States annually. However, mild TBI events often go unreported, and mild and repetitive mild TBI conditions are challenging to model. Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) have gained traction for the study of TBI. The best-characterized fly TBI model is the high-impact trauma (HIT) method. We replicated the HIT method and
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A standardized nomenclature and atlas of the male terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster. Fly (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2019-08-19 Gavin Rice,Jean R David,Yoshitaka Kamimura,John P Masly,Alistair P Mcgregor,Olga Nagy,Stéphane Noselli,Maria Daniela Santos Nunes,Patrick O'Grady,Ernesto Sánchez-Herrero,Mark L Siegal,Masanori J Toda,Mark Rebeiz,Virginie Courtier-Orgogozo,Amir Yassin
Animal terminalia represent some of the most diverse and rapidly evolving structures in the animal kingdom, and for this reason have been a mainstay in the taxonomic description of species. The terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster, with its wide range of experimental tools, have recently become the focus of increased interest in the fields of development, evolution, and behavior. However, studies