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Thermomechanical And Morphological Properties of Loligo Vulgaris Squid Sucker Ring Teeth Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Margot Helft, Zenghao Zhang, Cecelia Kinane, Noah Black, Abdon Pena-Francesch
Climate change is accelerating the increase of temperatures across the planet and resulting in the warming of oceans. Ocean warming threatens the survival of many aquatic species, including squids, and has introduced physiological, behavioral, and developmental changes, as well as physical changes in their biological materials composition, structure, and properties. Here, we characterize and analyze
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Seasonal Variations in The Toughness of Leaves: A Case Study Using Griselinia Littoralis Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 David Taylor
Potential effects of climate change include greater extremes of temperature and increased severity of storms. Many plants have evolved to resist the challenges of winter (freezing, dehydration, wind) in a process known as cold hardening. Sensing reducing temperatures, they make structural changes at the cellular level to increase their mechanical resistance and prevent damage. Previous work on this
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Repeated Hyposalinity Pulses Immediately and Persistently Impair the Sea Urchin Adhesive System Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Austin M Garner, Andrew J Moura, Carla A Narvaez, Alyssa Y Stark, Michael P Russell
Synopsis Climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events (e.g., storms) that result in repeated pulses of hyposalinity in nearshore ecosystems. Sea urchins inhabit these ecosystems and are stenohaline (restricted to salinity levels ∼32‰), thus are particularly susceptible to hyposalinity events. As key benthic omnivores, sea urchins use hydrostatic adhesive tube
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The Life-History Traits of Soil-Dwelling Nematode (Acrobeloides Sp.) Exhibit More Resilience to Water Restriction Than Caenorhabditis Elegans Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Leilei Lu, Ziqing Kang, Shan Sun, Teng Li, Huixin Li
In the context of climate warming, the intensity and frequency of drought occurrences are progressively increasing. However, current research on the impacts of drought on the life history traits and physiological activities of animals rarely encompass soil animals that play crucial roles within soil ecosystems. Therefore, this study focused on a soil nematode species (Acrobeloides sp.) and a model
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The “seven Deadly Sins” of Neophobia Experimental Design Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Melanie G Kimball, Christine R Lattin
Neophobia, an aversive response to novelty, is a behavior with critical ecological and evolutionary relevance for wild populations because it directly influences animals' ability to adapt to new environments and exploit novel resources. Neophobia has been described in a wide variety of different animal species from arachnids to zebra finches. Because of this widespread prevalence and ecological importance
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Symbiotic relationship of Comaster schlegelii (Crinoidea: Comatulidae) And Gymnolophus obscura (Ophiuroidea: Ophiotrichidae) derived from stable isotope and fatty acid analyses Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Zhong Li, Yue Dong, Meiling Ge, Qian Zhang, Yuyao Sun, Mengdi Dai, Xuelei Zhang, Xiubao Li, Zongling Wang, Qinzeng Xu
Coral reef community exhibit high species diversity and a broad range of biological relationships including widespread symbiosis and complex food utilization patterns. In our study, we investigated the symbiotic relationship between the commonly crinoid host Comaster schlegelii and its ophiuroid obligatory symbiont Gymnolophus obscura. Using a combination of fatty acid biomarkers and stable isotopic
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Comparative Trophic Levels of Phragmocone-Bearing Cephalopods (Nautiloids, Ammonoids and Sepiids). Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Peter Ward,Gregory J Barord,Andrew Schauer,Job Veloso
Cephalopods are among many marine animals that through some combination of habit and/or habitat have proven difficult to study, especially understanding their trophic positions in marine communities. Stable isotope analyses have provided powerful tools for discovering quantitative aspects about the ecology and food sources of many cephalopod species. Here, we present new gut content and isotopic data
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Identifying the Abiotic Factors that Determine the Inland Range Limits of a Mesic-Adapted Lizard Species Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Jules E Farquhar, Wyn Russell, David G Chapple
For most species, the factors that determine geographical range limits are unknown. In mesic-adapted species, populations occurring near the edge of the species’ distribution provide ideal study systems in which to investigate what limits distributional ranges. We aimed to identify the abiotic constraints that preclude an east-Australian mesic adapted lizard (Lampropholis delicata) from occupying arid
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The development and expansion of in vivo germline editing technologies in arthropods: Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) and beyond Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-24 Gerard Terradas, Vanessa M Macias, Hillary Peterson, Sage McKeand, Grzegorz Krawczyk, Jason L Rasgon
In the past 20 years, sequencing technologies have led to easy access to genomic data from non-model organisms in all biological realms. Insect genetic manipulation, however, continues to be a challenge due to various factors, including technical and cost-related issues. Traditional techniques such as microinjection of gene editing vectors into early-stage embryos have been used for arthropod transgenesis
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Autonomous Expansion of Grasshopper Wings Reveal External Forces Contribute to Final Adult Wing Shape Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Mary K Salcedo, Sunghwan Jung, Stacey A Combes
Ecydsis, the transformation from juvenile to adult form in insects, is time-consuming and leaves insects vulnerable to predation. For winged insects the process of wing expansion during ecdysis, the unfurling and expanding the wings, is a critical bottleneck in achieving sexual maturity. Internal and external forces play a role in wing expansion. Vigorous abdominal pumping during wing expansion allow
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Minireview: Glucocorticoid-Leptin Crosstalk: Role of Glucocorticoid-Leptin Counter-regulation in Metabolic Homeostasis And Normal Development Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Bidisha Paul, Daniel R Buchholz
Synopsis Glucocorticoids and leptin are two important hormones that regulate metabolic homeostasis by controlling appetite and energy expenditure in adult mammals. Also, glucocorticoids and leptin strongly counter regulate each other such that, chronic stress-induced glucocorticoids upregulate the production of leptin and leptin suppresses glucocorticoid production directly via action on endocrine
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Repeat sampling of female passerines during reproduction reveals surprising higher plasma oxidative damage during resting compared to active state Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Kyle Coughlan, Edyta T Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger
Synopsis Traditional models of oxidative stress predict accumulation of damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as highly correlated with aerobic metabolism, a prediction under increasing scrutiny. Here, we repeat sampled female great tits (Parus major) at two opposite levels of energy use during the period of maximum food provisioning to nestlings, once at rest and once during activity
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Floral diversity and pollination syndromes in Agave subgenus Manfreda Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Bryan N MacNeill, Juan Pablo Ortiz-Brunel, Aarón Rodríguez Contreras, Eduardo Ruiz-Sánchez, Jesús Navarro-Moreno, Nathaniel P Hofford, Michael R McKain
The genus Agave is an ecological keystone of American deserts and both culturally and economically important in Mexico. Agave is a large genus of about 250 species. The radiation of Agave is marked by an initial adaptation to desert environments and then a secondary diversification of species associated with pollinator groups, such as hummingbirds and nocturnal moths. Phylogenetic analyses place Agave
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Atlantic Oceanic Squids in The “Grey Speciation Zone” Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Fernando Á Fernández-Álvarez, Gustavo Sanchez, Diego Deville, Morag Taite, Roger Villanueva, A Louise Allcock
Cryptic species complexes represent an important challenge for the adequate characterization of Earth's biodiversity. Oceanic organisms tend to have greater unrecognized cryptic biodiversity since the marine realm was often considered to lack hard barriers to genetic exchange. Here, we tested the effect of several Atlantic and Mediterranean oceanic barriers on 16 morphospecies of oceanic squids of
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Following the Principles of the Universe: Lessons from Plants on Individual and Communal Thriving Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Beronda L Montgomery
The means by which plants and other organisms exist in and respond to dynamic environments to support their thriving as individuals and in communities provide lessons for humans on sustainable and resilient thriving. First examined in my book, Lessons from Plants (Harvard University Press, 2021), I explore herein the following question: “How can plants teach us to be better humans?” I consider how
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The Role of Locomotory Ancestry on Secondarily Aquatic Transitions Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-18 Kiersten K Formoso, Michael B Habib, Jorge Vélez-Juarbe
Land-to-sea evolutionary transitions are great transformations where terrestrial amniote clades returned to aquatic environments. These secondarily aquatic amniote clades include charismatic marine mammal and marine reptile groups, as well as countless semi-aquatic forms that modified their terrestrial locomotor anatomy to varying degrees to be suited for swimming via axial and/or appendicular propulsion
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The Whole Is Greater Than The Sum of Its Parts: Large-scale Phenomena Arising from Small-Scale Biophysical Processes Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Jeanette D Wheeler, Kit Yu Karen Chan
The symposium “Large-scale biological phenomena arising from small-scale biophysical processes” at the SICB 2023 Annual General Meeting focused on the cross-disciplinary exploration of emergent phenomena in biology. Interactions between cells or organisms at small scales within a system can govern patterns occurring at larger scales in space, time, or biological complexity. This theme recurs in many
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Sex And Biology: Broader Impacts Beyond The Binary Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Sam Sharpe, Andrew P Anderson, Idelle Cooper, Alexandra E Kralick, Timothy Y James, Hans Lindahl, Sara E Lipshutz, J F McLaughlin, Banu Subramaniam, Alicia Roth Weigel, A Kelsey Lewis
What are the implications of misunderstanding sex as a binary and why is it essential for scientists to incorporate a more expansive view of biological sex in our teaching and research? This roundtable will include many of our symposium speakers, including biologists and intersex advocates, to discuss these topics and visibilize the link between ongoing reification of dyadic sex within scientific communities
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Relationships in Shark Skin: Mechanical And Morphological Properties Vary Between Sexes And Among Species Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Madeleine E Hagood, Joseph R S Alexander, Marianne E Porter
Shark skin is a composite of mineralized dermal denticles embedded in an internal collagen fiber network and is sexually dimorphic. Female shark skin is thicker, has greater denticle density and denticle overlap compared to male shark skin, and denticle morphology differs between sexes. The skin behaves with mechanical anisotropy, extending farther when tested along the longitudinal (anteroposterior)
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A Perspective On Developing Modeling and Image Analysis Tools to Investigate Mechanosensing Proteins Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-08 Stephanie Ouderkirk, Alex Sedley, Mason Ong, Mary Ruth Shifflet, Quinn C Harkrider, Nathan T Wright, Callie J Miller
The shift of funding organizations to prioritize interdisciplinary work points to the need for workflow models that better accommodate interdisciplinary studies. Most scientists are trained in a specific field and are often unaware of the kind of insights that other disciplines could contribute to solving various problems. In this paper, we present a perspective on how we developed an experimental
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Temperature And Turgor “Limitation” And Environmental “Control” in Xylem Biology And Dendrochronology Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-05 Alí Segovia-Rivas, Mark E Olson
Trees and other woody plants are immensely ecologically important, making it essential to understand the causes of relationships between tree structure and function. To help these efforts, we highlight persistent traditions in plant biology of appealing to environmental factors “limiting” or “controlling” woody plant features. Examples include the idea that inevitable drops in cell turgor with plant
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Rising to The Challenge: Mounting An Acute Phase Immune Response Has No Long-Term Negative Effects on Captive Sparrow Migratory Body Composition Or Migratory Restlessness Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 T R Kelly, A C Butnari, E A MacDougall-Shackleton, S A MacDougall-Shackleton
Migratory animals may trade-off between investing energy in immune defence versus investing in energy reserves needed for seasonal migration. However, these trade-offs are often masked by other sources of variation and may not be detected through observational field studies of free-living animals. Moreover, observational studies can rarely distinguish the costs of pathogenic infection from those of
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Genomics of Marine Larval Evolution and Development Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Christina Zakas, José M Martín-Durán
Functional and ecological genomics in emerging marine models is shaping our views on new and fundamental biological questions. Representing a wealth of morphological, behavioral, and developmental adaptations, marine organisms are a key group for studying ancestral and shared body plan patterns, as well as some of the most intriguing novelties in animals. Here, we outline key questions, resources,
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Unexpected Performance in Developing Birds Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 Ashley M Heers
Synopsis Birds are well known for their ability to fly, and flight-capable adult birds have many anatomical specializations for meeting the demands of aerial locomotion. Juvenile birds in altricial species typically acquire these specializations close to fledging and leave the nest with some flight capability. In contrast, juveniles in most precocial species begin navigating their environment with
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The yin and yang of self-regulation in developing vertebrates Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 Ione Hunt von Herbing
All living organisms are thermodynamic open systems constantly exchanging energy with the environment to maintain organization and structure. In a state of non-equilibrium they undergo a back and forth pattern of self-regulation and dysregulation in energy exchange. This state of dynamic non-equilibrium can be observed during vertebrate development in which high phenotypic variation and plasticity
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Perspectives on Principles of Cellular Behavior from The Biophysics of Protists Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Ben T Larson
Cells are the fundamental unit of biological organization. Although it may be easy to think of them as little more than the simple building blocks of complex organisms such as animals, single cells are capable of behaviors of remarkable apparent sophistication. This is abundantly clear when considering the diversity of form and function among the microbial eukaryotes, the protists. How might we navigate
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Highlighting Potential Physical And Chemical Cues Involved in Conspecific Recognition System in A Predator Nematode, Seinura Caverna Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Taisuke Ekino, Toyoshi Yoshiga, Yuko Takeuchi-Kaneko, Yu Ichihara, Natsumi Kanzaki, Ryoji Shinya
Conspecific recognition is the ability to distinguish and respond to individuals of the same species. In nematodes, this behavior can mediate aggregation, feeding behavior, or mating. Here, we investigated whether and how the predatory nematode Seinura caverna recognizes and avoids conspecifics to prey on. In predation assays, S. caverna did not kill conspecifics, but killed nematodes of three heterospecific
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Sensory Mechanisms of Parent-offspring Recognition in Fishes, Amphibians, And Reptiles Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-22 Emily J Ray, Karen P Maruska
Parental care is important for offspring survival and success. Recognition of offspring by parents is critical to ensure parents direct care behaviors at related offspring and minimize energy lost by caring for unrelated young. Offspring recognition of parents prevents possible aggressive interactions between young and unrelated adults and allows offspring to direct begging behaviors toward the correct
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Formation and Replacement of Bone and Tooth Mineralized Tissues in Green Iguanas (Iguana iguana) Revealed by In-Vivo Fluorescence Marking Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 Daniel R Green, Daniela E Winkler, Jennifer N Leichliter, Gregory S Harms, Jean-Michel Hatt, Marcus Clauss, Thomas Tütken
Synopsis Hard tissue formation patterns and rates reveal details of animal physiology, life history, and environment, but are understudied in reptiles. Here, we use fluorescence labels delivered in vivo and laser confocal scanning microscopy to study tooth and bone formation in a managed group of green iguanas (Iguana iguana, Linné 1758) kept for 1.5 years under experimentally controlled conditions
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Climate-change impacts on Cephalopods: a meta-analysis Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Francisco O Borges, Eduardo Sampaio, Catarina P Santos, Rui Rosa
Aside from being one of the most fascinating groups of marine organisms, cephalopods play a major role in marine food webs, both as predators and as prey, while representing key living economic assets, namely for artisanal and subsistence fisheries worldwide. Recent research suggests that cephalopods are benefitting from ongoing environmental changes and the overfishing of certain fish stocks (i.e
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Perspective: Social License as A Lens for Improving Ethical And Welfare Standards in Cephalopod Research Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-14 Robyn J Crook
Interest in cephalopods as comparative models in neuroscience, cognition, behavior and ecology is surging due to recent advances in culture and experimental techniques. Although cephalopods have a long history in research, their use had remained limited due to the challenges of funding work on comparative models, the lack of modern techniques applicable to them and the small number of labs with the
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Genes, morphology, performance, and fitness: quantifying organismal performance to understand adaptive evolution Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-09 David G Matthews, Terry R Dial, George V Lauder
To understand the complexities of morphological evolution, we must understand the relationships between genes, morphology, performance, and fitness in complex traits. Genomicists have made tremendous progress in finding the genetic basis of many phenotypes, including a myriad of morphological characters. Similarly, field biologists have greatly advanced our understanding of the relationship between
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Sleep: An essential and understudied process in the biology of blood-feeding arthropods Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Oluwaseun M Ajayi, Nicole E Wynne, Shyh-Chi Chen, Clément Vinauger, Joshua B Benoit
Understanding the biology of blood-feeding arthropods is critical to managing them as vectors of etiological agents. Circadian rhythms act in the regulation of behavioral and physiological aspects such as blood feeding, immunity, and reproduction. However, the impact of sleep on these processes has been largely ignored in blood-feeding arthropods, but recent studies in mosquitoes show that sleep-like
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Daily Torpor in Birds and Mammals: Past, Present, and Future of the Field Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Anusha Shankar, Kenneth C Welch, Erich R Eberts, Fritz Geiser, Shayne Halter, Lara Keicher, Danielle L Levesque, Julia Nowack, Blair O Wolf, Sophia W Wolfe
Torpor is an incredibly efficient energy-saving strategy that many endothermic birds and mammals use to save energy, by lowering their metabolic rates, heart rates, and typically body temperatures. Over the last few decades, the study of daily torpor—in which torpor is used for less than 24 hours per bout—has advanced rapidly. The papers in this issue cover the ecological and evolutionary drivers of
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Loss of collagen gene expression in the notochord of the tailless tunicate Molgula occulta. Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-04 Sydney Popsuj,Anna Di Gregorio,Billie J Swalla,Alberto Stolfi
In tunicates, several species in the Molgulidae family have convergently lost the tailed, swimming larval body plan, including the morphogenesis of the notochord, a major chordate-defining trait. Through the comparison of tailless M. occulta and a close relative, the tailed species M. oculata, we show that notochord-specific expression of the Collagen Type I/II Alpha (Col1/2a) gene appears to have
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Non-torpid Heterothermy in Mammals: Another Category Along The Homeothermy-hibernation Continuum Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-04 Danielle L Levesque, Ana M Breit, Eric Brown, Julia Nowack, Shaun Welman
Variability in body temperature is now recognized to be widespread among whole-body endotherms with homeothermy being the exception rather than the norm. A wide range of body temperature patterns exists in extant endotherms, spanning from strict homeothermy, to occasional use of torpor, to deep seasonal hibernation with many points in between. What is often lost in discussions of heterothermy in endotherms
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Hydrodynamic Diversity of Jets Mediated by Giant And Non-Giant Axon Systems in Brief Squid Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Diana H Li, Ian K Bartol, William F Gilly
Neural input is critical for establishing behavioral output, but understanding how neuromuscular signals give rise to behaviors remains a challenge. In squid, locomotion through jet propulsion underlies many key behaviors, and the jet is mediated by two parallel neural pathways, the giant and non-giant axon systems. Much work has been done on the impact of these two systems on jet kinematics, such
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The Gems Checklist for Clear And Reproducible Genomics in Emerging, Marine Systems Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Rebecca Varney
Genome sequencing becomes more accessible and powerful every year, but there is a lack of consensus on what information should be provided in publications that include genomic data. The result is a flood of sequencing data without a framework to evaluate its quality and completeness, hindering reproducibility. In non-model taxa in marine systems, a lack of detail in methods sections often hinders future
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Cephalopod-omics: Emerging Fields and Technologies in Cephalopod Biology Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Tom Baden, John Briseño, Gabrielle Coffing, Sophie Cohen-Bodénès, Amy Courtney, Dominick Dickerson, Gül Dölen, Graziano Fiorito, Camino Gestal, Taryn Gustafson, Elizabeth Heath-Heckman, Qiaz Hua, Pamela Imperadore, Ryosuke Kimbara, Mirela Król, Zdeněk Lajbner, Nicolás Lichilín, Filippo Macchi, Matthew J McCoy, Michele K Nishiguchi, Spencer V Nyholm, Eve Otjacques, Pedro Antonio Pérez-Ferrer, Giovanna
Few animal groups can claim the level of wonder that cephalopods instill in the minds of researchers and the general public. Much of cephalopod biology, however, remains unexplored: the largest invertebrate brain, difficult husbandry conditions, complex (meta-)genomes, among many other things, have hindered progress in addressing key questions. However, recent technological advancements in sequencing
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Collecting-Gathering Biophysics of the Blackworm L. variegatus Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Harry Tuazon, Chantal Nguyen, Emily Kaufman, Ishant Tiwari, Jessica Bermudez, Darshan Chudasama, Orit Peleg, M Saad Bhamla
Many organisms exhibit collecting and gathering behaviors as a foraging and survival method. Benthic macroinvertebrates are classified as collector-gatherers due to their collection of particulate matter. Among these, the aquatic oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus (California blackworms) demonstrates the ability to ingest both organic and inorganic materials, including microplastics. However, earlier
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Communication via Biotremors in the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo Calyptratus): Part I- Biotremor production And Response to Substrate-Borne Vibrations Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-27 Kathryn L Denny, Steve Huskey, Christopher V Anderson, Michael E Smith
Biotremors are vibrations, usually surface waves along the boundary of a medium, produced by an organism. While substrate-borne vibrations are utilized by different reptile species, true conspecific communication via biotremors has not yet been demonstrated in lizards. Recent research revealed that the veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) produces biotremors. The prerequisites for any communication
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20-hydroxyecdysone Upregulates Ecdysone Receptor (ECR) Gene to Promote Pupation in the Honeybee, Apis Mellifera Ligustica Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-25 Jing Yu, Hongyu Song, Ying Wang, Zhenguo Liu, Hongfang Wang, Baohua Xu
A heterodimeric complex of two nuclear receptors, ecdysone receptor (ECR) and ultraspiracle (USP), transduces 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) signaling to modulate insect growth and development. Here, we aimed to determine the relationship between ECR and 20E during larval metamorphosis and also the specific roles of ECR during larval–adult transition in Apis mellifera. We found that ECR gene expression peaked
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Communication via Biotremors in the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo Calyptratus): Part II- Social contexts Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-24 Kathryn L Denny, Steve Huskey, Christopher V Anderson, Michael E Smith
This study extends recent research demonstrating that the veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) can produce and detect biotremors. Chameleons were paired in various social contexts: dominance (male-male; female-female C. calyptratus); courtship (male-female C. calyptratus); heterospecific (C. calyptratus + C. gracilis); and inter-size class dominance (adult + juvenile C. calyptratus). Simultaneous
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Mechanosensory Feedback in Lamprey Swimming Models And Applications in The Field of Spinal Cord Regeneration Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-24 Hilary R Katz, Christina L Hamlet
The central pattern generator in anguilliform swimming has served as a model for examining the neural basis of locomotion. This system has been particularly valuable for the development of mathematical models. As our biological understanding of the neural basis of locomotion has expanded, so too have these models. Recently there have been significant advancements in our understanding of the critical
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Non-bilaterians as Model Systems for Tissue Mechanics Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-24 Setareh Gooshvar, Gopika Madhu, Melissa Ruszczyk, Vivek N Prakash
In animals, epithelial tissues are barriers against the external environment, providing protection against biological, chemical, and physical damage. Depending on the organism’s physiology and behavior, these tissues encounter different types of mechanical forces and need to provide a suitable adaptive response to ensure success. Therefore, understanding tissue mechanics in different contexts is an
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Learning to move in a changing body in a changing world Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-24 Whitney G Cole, Karen E Adolph
Infants of all species learn to move in the midst of tremendous variability and rapid developmental change. Traditionally, researchers consider variability to be a problem for development and skill acquisition. Here, we argue for a reconsideration of variability in early life, taking a developmental, ecological, systems approach. Using the development of walking in human infants as an example, we argue
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Establishing bilateral symmetry in hydrozoan planula larvae, a review of siphonophore early development Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-24 Maciej K Mańko, Catriona Munro, Lucas Leclère
Siphonophores are colonial hydrozoans, characterized by complex colony organization and unparalleled zooid functional specialization. Recent genomic studies have offered an evolutionary perspective on how this morphological complexity arose, but a molecular characterization of symmetry breaking in siphonophore embryonic development is still largely missing. Here, bringing together historical data on
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Mechano-Chemical Coupling in Hydra Regeneration and Patterning Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-21 Rui Wang, April L Bialas, Tapan Goel, Eva-Maria S Collins
The freshwater cnidarian Hydra can regenerate from wounds, small tissue fragments and even from aggregated cells. This process requires the de novo development of a body axis and oral-aboral polarity, a fundamental developmental process that involves chemical patterning and mechanical shape changes. Gierer and Meinhardt recognized that Hydra’s simple body plan and amenability to in vivo experiments
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Concluding embryogenesis after diaspora: seed germination in Illicium parviflorum Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 J M Losada
Albuminous seeds, dispersed with a minimally developed embryo surrounded by nutrient storage tissue, are pervasive across extinct and extant early diverging angiosperm lineages. Typically, seed ontogenic studies have focused on the time between fertilization and seed release, but in albuminous seeds, embryogenesis is incomplete at the time of seed dispersal. Here, I studied the morphological and nutritional
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Methods And Measures for Investigating Microscale Motility Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Karen Grace Bondoc-Naumovitz, Hannah Laeverenz-Schlogelhofer, Rebecca N Poon, Alexander K Boggon, Samuel A Bentley, Dario Cortese, Kirsty Y Wan
Motility is an essential factor for an organism's survival and diversification. With the advent of novel single-cell technologies, analytical frameworks and theoretical methods, we can begin to probe the complex lives of microscopic motile organisms and answer the intertwining biological and physical questions of how these diverse lifeforms navigate their surroundings. Herein, we summarize the main
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It Pays to Be Bumpy: Drag Reducing Armor in The Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker, Eumicrotremus Orbis Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 R C Hoover, Olivia H Hawkins, Jack Rosen, Conrad D Wilson, Callie H Crawford, Meghan Holst, Jonathan M Huie, Adam P Summers, Cassandra M Donatelli, Karly E Cohen
Armor is a multipurpose set of structures that has evolved independently at least 30 times in fishes. In addition to providing protection, armor can manipulate flow, increase camouflage, and be sexually dimorphic. There are potential tradeoffs in armor function: increased impact resistance may come at the cost of maneuvering ability; and ornate armor may offer visual or protective advantages, but could
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Rare and opportunistic use of torpor in mammals – an echo from the past? Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-17 Julia Nowack, Clare Stawski, Fritz Geiser, Danielle L Levesque
Torpor was traditionally seen as a winter survival mechanism employed by animals living in cold and highly seasonal habitats. Although we now know that torpor is also used by tropical and subtropical species, and in response to a variety of triggers, torpor is still largely viewed as a highly controlled, seasonal mechanism shown by Northern hemisphere species. To scrutinise this view, we report data
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Predictive links between petal color and pigment quantities in natural Penstemon hybrids Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-16 Joshua T E Stevens, Lucas C Wheeler, Noah H Williams, Alice M Norton, Carolyn A Wessinger
Synopsis Flowers have evolved remarkable diversity in petal color, in large part due to pollinator-mediated selection. This diversity arises from specialized metabolic pathways that generate conspicuous pigments. Despite the clear link between flower color and floral pigment production, quantitative models inferring predictive relationships between pigmentation and reflectance spectra have not been
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Neuroethology in The Age of Gene Editing: New Tools And Novel Insights into The Molecular And Neural Basis of Behavior Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-16 Beau A Alward, Scott A Juntti
Synopsis Fifty years ago, animal models studied in the lab were highly diverse, and biological insights were derived from experiments in many species. However, the pursuit of mechanistic explanations in organismal biology led to a shift in the species most commonly studied. The advent of genetic manipulations and economies of scale promoted the consolidation of research into fewer species (eg, Drosophila
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Towards an understanding of octopus arm motor control Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-16 Cassady S Olson, Clifton W Ragsdale
Synopsis Octopuses have the extraordinary ability to control eight prehensile arms with hundreds of suckers. With these highly flexible limbs, they engage in a wide variety of tasks including hunting, grooming, and exploring their environment. The neural circuitry generating these movements engages every division of the octopus nervous system, from the nerve cords of the arms to the supraesophegeal
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Beyond A Vision for The Future: Tangible Steps To Engage Diverse Participants in Inclusive Field Experiences Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Robin M Verble, Corinne L Richards-Zawacki, Vanessa K H Young
Recent strides toward improving diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in field biology present a unique opportunity for transdisciplinary exploration of the impacts and state of a topic that has remained hereto largely underexplored and under-discussed in the academic setting. Within current literature, themes of racial and gender inequity, power imbalances, unsafe environments, and underdeveloped
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Early Development of Locomotion in The Term Piglet Model: Does Size Matter ? Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 P Aerts, F Mielke, C Vanden Hole, M J W Van Gorp, C Van Ginneken
Intra-uterine undernutrition in humans typically results in low birth weight (small for gestational age; SGA) and delayed post-natal neuromotor maturation. Since SGA and intra-uterine growth retardation are also common in domestic pigs, piglets are premised as models to study delayed motor development. Applied to the locomotor paradigm, however, questions emerge: (i) how to map the developmental time
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Breaking through the bottleneck: Krogh's principle in behavioral neuroendocrinology and the potential of gene editing Integr. Comp. Biol. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-10 Lillian R Jackson, Mariana S Lopez, Beau Alward
In 1929, August Krogh wrote that for every question in biology, there is a species or collection of species in which pursuing such questions is the most appropriate for achieving the deepest insights. Referred to as “Krogh's Principle”, these words are a guiding force for many biologists. In practice, Krogh's principle might work to guide a biologist interested in studying bi-parental care to choose