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A comprehensive sampling of mitogenomes shows the utility to infer phylogeny of termites (Blattodea: Termitoidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Miao-Miao Wang, Nan Song, Shi-Bao Guo, Xin-Ming Yin
The mitogenome sequence data have been widely used in inferring the phylogeny of insects. In this study, we determined the complete mitogenome for Macrotermes sp. (Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) using next-generation sequencing. Macrotermes sp. possesses a typical insect mitogenome, displaying an identical gene order and gene content to other existing termite mitogenomes. We present the first prediction
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Susceptibility of Mangifera indica (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) cultivars to fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in 2 agroecological zones of Cameroon J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Didi Gaëlle Mokam, Ndakabo Atougour, Zephirin Tadu, Désirée Chantal Aléné, Ezechiel Awono, Serge Lontsi Tapeo, Leonard Simon Ngamo Tinkeu, Champlain Djieto-Lordon
The Sudano-Sahelian and the high Guinea savannahs agroecological zones of Cameroon are suitable for the full development of tree crops, including mango. Unfortunately, fresh fruits exported to local and international markets are frequently rejected due to the presence of fruit fly larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae), resulting in drastic income losses and overuse of chemical control products. To promote
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New records of three parasitoids, Pteroptrix chinensis, Aphytis hispanicus, and Marlattiella prima (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) associated with an exotic scale, Lopholeucaspis japonica (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Tennessee J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Johnson Alfred Daniel, James B Woolley, Karla M Addesso
A survey for parasitoids of Lopholeucaspis japonica Cockerell (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), an exotic scale of woody ornamentals, resulted in the discovery of 3 species of aphelinid parasitoid wasps, Pteroptrix chinensis (Howard), Aphytis hispanicus (Mercet), and Marlattiella prima Howard. This serves as the first report of these parasitoids reared from a host in the state of Tennessee, USA. Despite routine
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Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis of modified atmosphere responses in Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Min Zhou, Biying Pan, Liwen Guan, Yuanyuan Wang, Kangkang Xu, Shigui Wang, Bin Tang, Can Li
Modified atmosphere is effective in controlling Tribolium castaneum Herbst, but it has adaptations. Comprehending the potential mechanism of resistance to T. castaneum in a modified atmosphere will help advance related management methods. This study conducted a comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis to understand the physiological mechanism of T. castaneum in adapting to CO2 stress. Results
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Pollen diet diversity across bee lineages varies with lifestyle rather than colony size J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Kedar Devkota, Charles F dos Santos, Patrick D Souza-Santos, Jenifer D Ramos, Alex Otesbelgue, Binayak Prakash Mishra, Eduardo A B Almeida, Betina Blochtein
The shift to a pollen diet and the evolution of more highly organized societies, i.e., eusocial, were key milestones in bee diversification over their evolutionary history, culminating in a high dependence on feeding broods with a large variety of floral resources. Here, we hypothesized that obligatory eusocial bees have a wider diet diversity than their relatives with solitary lifestyles, and this
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Functional response of Franklinothrips vespiformis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) to eggs and nymphs of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Erich N Schoeller, Joshua Hogan, Cindy L McKenzie, Lance S Osborne
The Middle East Asia Minor 1 biotype of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a greenhouse and field crop pest of global significance. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of the generalist predatory thrips, Franklinothrips vespiformis Crawford (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), as a biological control agent for B. tabaci. This was achieved by determining the functional
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Mitochondrial genomes of Nemourinae species (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) and the phylogenetic implications J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Ying Wang, Caiyue Guo, Xiaoxiao Yue, Xing Fan, Yuying Fan, Jinjun Cao
Currently, the classification system of 2 subfamilies within Nemouridae has been widely accepted. However, monophyly of 2 subfamilies has not been well supported by molecular evidence. To date, only mitogenomes from genus Nemoura of the subfamily Nemourinae were used in previous phylogenetic studies and produced conflicting results with morphological studies. Herein, we analyzed mitogenomes of 3 Nemourinae
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Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the developmental duration and diapause in Dolycoris baccarum (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Ruilin Tian, Zhanming Hou, Song Li, Hua Chai
The shield bug, Dolycoris baccarum (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), is widely distributed across Asia and Europe. At high latitudes, it overwinters, as adult in diapause, which then becomes the insect source for the following year. To fully understand the developmental duration and diapause characteristics of D. baccarum, the effects of photoperiod and temperature were studied in a population from
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Oviposition behavior of the quasi-gregarious parasitoid, Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Richard W Hofstetter, Kenneth F Raffa, Miriam Halevy
The parasitoid wasp, Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), is a natural enemy of the spongy moth, a significant forest pest in North America. We investigated the oviposition behavior of O. kuvanae females on spongy moth egg masses by (i) presenting female parasitoids with a single spongy moth egg mass that was replaced every day, 2nd day, 4th day, 8th day, or 16th day (which is the
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Analysis of comb-gnawing behavior in Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Qingxin Meng, Rong Huang, Hui Li, Xueyang Gong, Dan Yue, Wutao Jiang, Yakai Tian, Kun Dong
Apis cerana cerana exhibits a prominent biological trait known as comb gnawing. In this study, gnawed combs from colonies during different seasons were collected, investigating the comb age and locations of gnawing. Patterns of comb gnawing were recorded, and the effects of 2 factors, namely, comb type and season, on the mass of wax residues and the gnawed surface area were measured. The results revealed
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Molecular characterization of Vitellogenin-like1 gene in Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), and its function on reproduction J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Changyu Xu, Fei Li, Maolin Hou, Yudi Liu
In this study, a vitellogenin like1 gene (SfVg-like1) in Sogatella furcifera was identified. The open reading frame (ORF) encoded 1,321 amino acid sequence. Structure analysis reveals that the amino acid sequence of SfVg-like1 has 3 conserved LPD_N, DUF1943 and VWFD domains. Phylogenetic analyses showed that SfVg-like1 was clustered in the same branch with the Vg-like1 of Nilaparvata lugens (100% bootstrap
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Application of noninvasive sampling technique in mitochondrial genome intraspecific phylogeny of the endangered butterfly, Teinopalpus aureus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Wen-Jing Yang, Gui-Qiang He, Chao-Bin Huang, Shan-Yi Zhou, Feng-Hai Jia, Ju-Ping Zeng
The butterfly genus of Teinopalpus, endemic to Asia, embodies a distinct species of mountain-dwelling butterflies with specific habitat requirements. These species are rare in the wild and hold high conservation and research value. Similar to other protected species, the genetic analysis of the rare Teinopalpus aureus poses challenges due to the complexity of sampling. In this study, we successfully
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Parasitoid–host interaction behaviors in relation to host stages in the Tamarixia triozae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)–Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) system J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-25 Chen Chen, Xiong Z He, Peng Zhou, Qiao Wang
Females of host-feeding parasitic wasps often partition hosts of different stages for feeding and parasitization, but the underlying behavioral mechanisms are largely unknown, making it difficult to evaluate parasitoid–host interactions and their effects on biological control success. Tamarixia triozae (Burks) is an ectoparasitoid of tomato-potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc), which utilizes
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A method for sampling parasitized Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) puparia from soil J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-25 Clarissa Capko, Jason Thiessen, Lana Harach, Jessica L Fraser, Michelle T Franklin, Paul K Abram
Methods to measure the diversity and biological control impact of parasitoids for the control of spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) are being developed in support of biological control programs around the world. Existing methods to determine parasitism levels and parasitoid species composition focus on sampling D. suzukii within fresh and rotting fruit
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Report of Citrus tristeza virus in Diaphorina citri (Hemiotera: Liviidae) insects of different sexes, color morphs, and developmental stages J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Jingtian Zhang, Yuxin Xiao, Panpan Hu, Longtong Chen, Xiaoling Deng, Meirong Xu
Diaphorina citri, also known as the Asian citrus psyllid, is the main vector of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas) associated with citrus Huanglongbing. It has been reported that D. citri could also be infected by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a virus that has been previously reported to be vectored by certain aphid species. In this study, the CTV and CLas profiles in different organs, color
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First report of the complete mitochondrial genome of 3 beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) harming Gastrodia elata (Asparagales: Orchidaceae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Tingting Long, Wenli Zhu, Lin Yang, Jiankun Long, Zhimin Chang, Xiangsheng Chen
Gastrodia elata Blume, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine with significant clinical and nutritional importance, is a fungal heterotrophic orchid. We present the first report of the mitochondrial genome structure and characteristics of 3 Scarabaeidae pests affecting G. elata: Sophrops peronosporus Gu & Zhang, Anomala rufiventris Kollar & Redtenbacher, and Callistethus plagiicollis Fairmaire. Each
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Impact of diapause on the cuticular hydrocarbons and physiological status of Hippodamia variegata J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Mahsa Khabir, Hamzeh Izadi, Kamran Mahdian
The spotted amber ladybird, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is known to be a potent predator of aphids, psyllids, whiteflies, mealybugs, and some butterfly species. This ladybeetle overwinters in the diapausing adult stage. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of diapause on the energy resources and cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of the female ladybeetle, specifically
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Population genetic structure of tropical bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) populations and their breeding pattern in Iraq J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Hussein Ali Baqir, Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid
A study was conducted to investigate the population genetic structure and breeding pattern of 140 tropical bed bugs, Cimex hemipterus (F.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), collected from 14 infested sites in major cities in Iraq. The samples were genotyped using a set of 7 polymorphic microsatellite markers. High genetic variety was seen among populations, with an average of 2–9 alleles per locus. The number
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Length–mass allometries of the larvae of aquatic dipterans: differences between taxa, morphological traits, and methods J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Julien Mocq, Vladimíra Dekanová, David S Boukal
Body mass underpins many ecological processes at the level of individuals, populations, and communities. Often estimated in arthropods from linear morphological traits such as body length or head width, these relationships can vary even between closely related taxa. Length–mass relationships of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae are poorly known despite the importance of this family to disease and
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Unraveling biotypes of the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae): molecular differentiation and morphometric analysis J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Ingrid E Alvial, Raquel Hernández-P, Manuel J Suazo, Christian R González, David Véliz, Hugo A Benítez
Geometric morphometrics was used to determine whether geographic isolation could explain differences in wing size and shape between and within continental (27°S to 41°S) and insular (Rapa Nui) populations of Culex pipiens s.s. Linnaeus and their biotypes (f. pipiens and f. molestus). Molecular protocols based on polymorphisms in the second intron of nuclear locus ace-2 (acetylcholinesterase-2) were
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Brochosome size variation and its influence on leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) wing wettability J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Elizabeth Bello, Marianne Alleyne
Insect wing surfaces have nano- and microscale features that enable multi-functionality. Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are unique in that they produce and excrete nanoscale particles, called brochocosomes, that are spread onto the integument by the insect. Brochosomes are extra-cuticular, removable, and make the integument both superhydrophobic and anti-reflective, 2 greatly desired properties
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Using electric fields to control insects: current applications and future directions J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Ndey Bassin Jobe, Astha Chourasia, Brian H Smith, Elies Molins, Andreas Rose, Theodore P Pavlic, Krijn P Paaijmans
Chemical-based interventions are mostly used to control insects that are harmful to human health and agriculture or that simply cause a nuisance. An overreliance on these insecticides however raises concerns for the environment, human health, and the development of resistance, not only in the target species. As such, there is a critical need for the development of novel nonchemical technologies to
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Social conditions facilitate water conservation in a solitary bee J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-03 Madeleine M Ostwald, Valentina A Venegas, Katja C Seltmann
Climatic stressors are important drivers in the evolution of social behavior. Social animals tend to thrive in harsh and unpredictable environments, yet the precise benefits driving these patterns are often unclear. Here, we explore water conservation in forced associations of a solitary bee (Melissodes tepidus timberlakei Cockerell, 1926) to test the hypothesis that grouping can generate synergistic
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Identification, expression profiles, and binding properties of chemosensory protein 18 in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Xingtao Qie, Xizhong Yan, Han Wang, Fangyuan Li, Liming Hu, Chi Hao, Li Ma
Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are highly efficient carry tools to bind and deliver hydrophobic compounds, which play an important role in the chemosensory process in insects. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a cosmopolitan pest that attacks cruciferous crops. However, the detailed physiological functions of CSPs in P. xylostella remain limited to date. Here
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Dynamics of dimorphic workers of Constrictotermes cyphergaster (Blattodea: Termitidae) during nest repair J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Marllon Rinaldo de Lima Andrade, Igor Eloi, Mário Herculano de Oliveira, Maria Avany Bezerra-Gusmão
Termite nest repairs are considered a defensive conduct as they reduce the colony’s exposure to the external environment. Repair activities are carried out by worker castes that can be polymorphic, representing a relationship between polymorphism and divisions of functions that can enhance task completion. Repairs are influenced by the extent of damage, nest volume, and the population dynamics of the
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A preliminary survey reveals that common viruses are found at low titers in a wild population of honey bees (Apis mellifera) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Myra Dickey, Mckaela Whilden, Jordan Twombly Ellis, Juliana Rangel
A major threat to honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, Hymenoptera: Apidae) health continues to be parasitism by the mite Varroa destructor, which has been linked to high colony losses worldwide. Besides feeding on developing and adult bees, Varroa is also a prolific vector of honey bee-associated viruses. Because they live in unmanaged conditions, wild honey bee colonies are not treated against Varroa
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Phenylacetaldehyde induced olfactory conditioning in Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) larvae J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Md Zeeshan Ali, Anushree Anushree, Anwar L Bilgrami, Aarif Ahsan, Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Rizwanul Haque, Jawaid Ahsan
Phenylacetaldehyde (PAH), an aromatic odorant, exists in varied fruits including overripe bananas and prickly pear cactus, the 2 major host fruits of Drosophila melanogaster. It acts as a potent ligand for the Ionotropic receptor 84a (IR84a) and the Odorant receptor 67a (OR67a), serving as an important food and courtship cue for adult fruit flies. Drosophila melanogaster larvae respond robustly to
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British Columbia beekeeping revenues and costs: survey data and profit modeling J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Miriam Bixby, Morgan Cunningham, Leonard Foster, Heather Higo, Nuria Morfin
British Columbia beekeepers, like many beekeepers around the world, are currently facing declines in honey bee health and high overwinter colony losses. To better understand the economics and the cycle of yearly colony loss and replacement of this critical agricultural industry, we collected and analyzed survey data on beekeeping costs and returns. Forty British Columbia beekeepers provided details
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Oxalic acid application method and treatment intervals for reduction of Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) populations in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Cody Prouty, Hossam F Abou-Shaara, Branden Stanford, James D Ellis, Cameron Jack
Oxalic acid (OA) is a popular miticide used to control Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) in western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies. Our aim was to investigate which method of OA application (dribbling, fogging, or vaporizing) was the most effective at reducing V. destructor infestations (Experiment 1) and to improve upon this method by determining the treatment
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A volatilized pyrethroid insecticide from a mosquito repelling device does not impact honey bee foraging and recruitment J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Margaret J Couvillon, Bradley D Ohlinger, Connor Bizon, Lindsay E Johnson, Laura C McHenry, Benjamin E McMillan, Roger Schürch
Because nontarget, beneficials, like insect pollinators, may be exposed unintentionally to insecticides, it is important to evaluate the impact of chemical controls on the behaviors performed by insect pollinators in field trials. Here we examine the impact of a portable mosquito repeller, which emits prallethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, on honey bee foraging and recruitment using a blinded, randomized
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No impact of hygienic behavior and viral coinfection on the development of European foulbrood in honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies during blueberry pollination in Michigan J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Peter D Fowler, Declan C Schroeder, Jessica L Kevill, Meghan O G Milbrath
European foulbrood (EFB) is a severe disease of honey bee (Apis mellifera) larvae caused by the bacterium Linnaeus [Hymenoptera: Apidae]) Melissococcus plutonius (ex White) Bailey and Collins (Lactobacillales: Enterococcaceae). Many beekeepers in North America report severe EFB following blueberry pollination, but it is not clear what factors during pollination are related to clinical disease. Additionally
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Effects of ingested essential oils and propolis extracts on honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) health and gut microbiota J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Allyson Martin Ewert, Michael Simone-Finstrom, Quentin Read, Claudia Husseneder, Vincent Ricigliano
Managed honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apis mellifera Linnaeus) hives require frequent human inputs to maintain colony health and productivity. A variety of plant natural products (PNPs) are delivered via feeding to control diseases and reduce the use of synthetic chemical treatments. However, despite their prevalent use in beekeeping, there is limited information regarding the impact of ingested
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Immature stages of Phloeosinus tacubayae (Curculionidae: Scolytinae): morphology and chaetotaxy of larva and pupa, sexual dimorphism of adults, and developmental time J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Montserrat Cervantes-Espinoza, Enrico Alejandro Ruiz, Gerardo Cuellar-Rodríguez, Ulises Castro-Valderrama, Francisco Armendáriz-Toledano
The current knowledge of morphology and chaetotaxy of the different developmental stages within the subfamily Scolytinae presents an information deficit that needs to be addressed. Thus, the objective of the present study was to describe, the chaetotaxy and morphology of larvae and pupae, and determine the number of larval instars, the sexual dimorphism in adults, and the development time in Phloeosinus
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Review: the risks of spray adjuvants to honey bees J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Brandon Shannon, Hongyoung Jeon, Reed M Johnson
Pesticide applications are often made as tank mixes containing multiple pesticide products and may include spray adjuvants to enhance pesticidal activities. The primary aim of adjuvant products is to increase the spreading and sticking of spray droplets and to increase the penetration of active ingredients through the cuticles of leaves or targeted pests, which can reduce the amount of active ingredient
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Carbohydrate nutrition associated with health of overwintering honey bees J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Gabriela Quinlan, Mehmet Ali Döke, Yarira Ortiz-Alvarado, Norma Rodriguez-Gomez, Yilmaz Berk Koru, Robyn Underwood
In temperate climates, honey bees rely on stored carbohydrates to sustain them throughout the winter. In nature, honey serves as the bees’ source of carbohydrates, but when managed, beekeepers often harvest honey and replace it with cheaper, artificial feed. The effects of alternative carbohydrate sources on colony survival, strength, and individual bee metabolic health are poorly understood. We assessed
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Effect on genetic diversity of the absence of intraspecies preference in 2 sympatric Reticulitermes termite species (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Jia Wu, Ya-Nan Dong, Tong Niu, Huan Wang, Ali Hassan, Bei Du
The recombinant genotypes that can be produced when closely related species mate improve the genetic diversity of the population. Among closely related species, the link between interspecific reproduction behaviors and genetic diversity has barely been studied. Reticulitermes chinensis and R. flaviceps, which live close to each other, were used as research subjects in our study to find out how preferring
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Inducing a summer brood break increases the efficacy of oxalic acid vaporization for Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) control in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Jennifer A Berry, S Kris Braman, Keith S Delaplane, Lewis J Bartlett
The ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman), is the leading cause of western honey bee colony, Apis mellifera (L.), mortality in the United States. Due to mounting evidence of resistance to certain approved miticides, beekeepers are struggling to keep their colonies alive. To date, there are varied but limited approved options for V. destructor control. Vaporized oxalic acid (OA)
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No evidence to support the use of glycerol–oxalic acid mixtures delivered via paper towel for controlling Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) mites in the Southeast United States J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Lewis J Bartlett, Christian Baker, Selina Bruckner, Keith S Delaplane, Ethan J Hackmeyer, Chama Phankaew, Geoffrey R Williams, Jennifer A Berry
A significant amount of researcher and practitioner effort has focused on developing new chemical controls for the parasitic Varroa destructor mite in beekeeping. One outcome of that has been the development and testing of “glycerol–oxalic acid” mixtures to place in colonies for extended periods of time, an off-label use of the otherwise legal miticide oxalic acid. The majority of circulated work on
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Successful application of anthranilic diamides in preventing small hive beetle (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) infestation in honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Ethan J Hackmeyer, Tyler J Washburn, Keith S Delaplane, Lewis J Bartlett
The nest-scavenging beetle Aethina tumida remains a persistent problem for beekeepers in parts of the Southeast United States, where warm wet soils allow beetle populations to grow rapidly and overwhelm colonies, especially during the summer dearth. Furthermore, small hive beetle infestation prevents beekeepers from easily provisioning colonies with additional pollen or protein feed (patties), preventing
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Commercial probiotic formulas Bactocell and Levucell promote spring brood production in Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 N Bleau, N Derome, P Giovenazzo
Honey bees are essential pollinators for several economically important crops. In temperate countries, honey bee colonies face multiple threats during the overwintering period, such as food availability, diseases, and confinement. Beekeepers commonly use chemicals to improve colony health during winter, but these products can have a negative impact on bee health and pathogens can develop resistance
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Long-term monitoring and analysis of Brood X cicada activity by distributed fiber optic sensing technology J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Sarper Ozharar, Jessica L Ware, Yue Tian, Yangmin Ding
Brood X is the largest of the 15 broods of periodical cicadas, and individuals from this brood emerged across the Eastern United States in spring 2021. Using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology, the activity of Brood X cicadas was monitored in their natural environment in Princeton, NJ. Critical information regarding their acoustic signatures and activity level is collected and analyzed using
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Carabidae and Tenebrionidae diversity in the Great Basin Province of California J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Kirk C Tonkel, Veronica S Kirchoff, Brian G Rector
The high desert regions of eastern California within the Great Basin are vast areas of shrub-dominated habitat heavily impacted by invasive exotic grasses and forbs. Trapping efforts within these areas provided distributional information about various surface-active arthropod taxa. Two groups with high species diversity and abundance encountered at our sites were the coleopteran families Carabidae
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Dynamics of the natural enemy community of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Dandong, China J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Xinyang Zhang, Liyuan Yang, Chen Chen, Junrui Shi, Yixin Zhang, Shouhui Sun
This study aims to explore the composition of natural enemy species in the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury) population and the dynamics of its natural enemy community in Dandong, Liaoning Province, China, where it was first reported. We collected the natural enemy of eggs, larvae, and pupae of H. cunea on host trees at 12 survey sites from June 2019 to October 2020. The results showed that the
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Molecular identification and functional analysis of chitinase genes reveal their importance in the metamorphosis of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Yakai Feng, Shiwen Wang, Fengqin Yang, Yanjie Shang, Fernand Jocelin Ngando, Jingjing Huang, Yadong Guo
Chitinases play a crucial role in insect metamorphosis by facilitating chitin degradation. Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a typical holometabolous insect and an important hygiene pest that causes myiasis in humans and other mammals and acts as a vector for various parasitic agents, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Enhancing the understanding of
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Assessing effective mechanical and chemical strategies for managing Eucosma giganteana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the perennial oilseed crop, Silphium integrifolium (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Ebony G Murrell, Konilo R Zio, Nervah E Chérémond, David L Van Tassel
Eucosma giganteana (Riley) is a native specialist pest of silflower, Silphium integrifolium Michx., which is currently being domesticated as a perennial oilseeds crop. The larvae of this moth attack silflower capitula and root crowns, causing both seed damage and long-term degradation of plants. To determine methods to manage E. giganteana in silflower crop fields, we conducted a laboratory bioassay
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Soldier phenotypic differences among 2 invasive and destructive Coptotermes species and their hybrids (Blattodea: Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-12 Jayshree S Patel, Thomas Chouvenc, Chia-Chien Wu, Hou-Feng Li, Nan-Yao Su
With recent evidence of hybridization events in the field, the phenotypic traits of F1 hybrid colonies of 2 destructive subterranean termite species, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) remain to be investigated. In this study, laboratory colonies of 2 conspecific pairings and 2 heterospecific pairings (hybrid F = ♀C. formosanus × ♂C. gestroi, hybrid G = ♀C. gestroi × ♂C
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Isolation and characterization of intestinal bacteria associated with cellulose degradation in grasshoppers (Orthoptera). J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Wen-Jing Li,Fei-Fei Li,Jing Bai,Ke Liang,Kai Li,Guo-Qing Qin,Yu-Long Zhang,Xin-Jiang Li
Insect gut bacteria play an essential role in the nutritional metabolism, growth, and development of insects. Grasshoppers (Orthoptera) are cellulose-rich plant-feeding pests. Although the biological potential of grasshopper gut microorganisms to assist cellulose decomposition is well established, microbial resources for efficient degradation of cellulose biomass are still scarce and need to be developed
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Acetolysis modifications to process small pollen samples swabbed from live bees. J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Kirsten Warcup,Bethany Roberton,Katherine Kral-O'Brien,Jason Harmon
Understanding the resources bees use is essential because we depend greatly on their ecosystem services, and this information could help guide conservation efforts. One way to identify the flowers that bees visit is to collect pollen directly from the bee and then identify the pollen with plant taxa. However, the current method for processing such pollen samples, acetolysis, is designed for samples
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Do adult Magicicada (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) feed? Historical perspectives and evidence from molecular gut content analysis J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 James R Hepler, W Rodney Cooper, John P Cullum, Chris Dardick, Liam Dardick, Laura J Nixon, Derek J Pouchnik, Michael J Raupp, Paula Shrewsbury, Tracy C Leskey
The periodical cicadas in the genus Magicicada are remarkable for their unusual life histories and dramatic synchronized emergences every 13 or 17 years. While aspects of their evolution, mating behaviors, and general biology have been well-characterized, there is surprising uncertainty surrounding the feeding habits of the short-lived adult stage. Despite a tentative scientific consensus to the contrary
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Requeening queenright honey bee colonies with queen cells in honey supers J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Leslie A Holmes, Jeffery D Kearns, Lynae P Ovinge, Patricia Wolf Veiga, Shelley E Hoover
Many Canadian beekeepers replace a subset of their honey bee queens annually. However, introducing a new queen to a honey bee colony is a management practice with a high degree of uncertainty. Despite the consensus that it is most effective to introduce queens to queenless colonies, some commercial beekeepers claim success with introducing queen cells into the honey super of queenright colonies. We
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DNA degradation in Haplaxius crudus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) and Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) on yellow sticky traps in Florida J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-07 Melody Bloch, De-Fen Mou, Ericka E Helmick, Kirsten Pelz-Stelinski, Brian W Bahder
Lethal bronzing (LB) and huanglongbing (HLB) are harmful plant diseases causing significant economic losses in Florida agriculture. Both diseases are caused by bacteria that are transmitted by Hemipteran insect vectors. Accurate detection of pathogens within insect vectors can help provide a better understanding of disease epidemiology. Monitoring of the vector of LB is done primarily using sticky
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Comparison of 3 DNA extraction methods for extracting DNA from an adult Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-07 Nurhadi Eko Firmansyah, Thaksaporn Thongseesuksai, Thidarut Boonmars, Saleha Sungkar, Porntip Laummaunwai
The aim of this study was to compare 3 DNA extraction methods: the PureLink Genomic DNA kit, DNAzol Direct reagent, and a microwave-based method, for extracting DNA from an adult Culex quinquefasciatus by focusing on the quantity and purity of DNA, cost, and time required. Ten mosquitoes were individually used for DNA extraction by each method. Based on the results obtained, DNA was extracted from
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Transcriptome analysis used to identify and characterize odorant binding proteins in Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chryspmelidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-07 Changhong Dong, Cong Huang, Xiaoyu Ning, Bo Liu, Xi Qiao, Wanqiang Qian, Daohong Zhu, Fanghao Wan
The transcriptomes of Agasicles hygrophila eggs and first instar larvae were analyzed to explore the olfactory mechanism of larval behavior. The analysis resulted in 135,359 unigenes and the identification of 38 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), including 23 Minus-C OBPs, 8 Plus-C OBPs, and 7 Classic OBPs. Further analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed 10 DEG OBPs, with 5 (AhygOBP5
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A small survey of introduced Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United States. J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Logan M Rakes,Megan Delamont,Christine Cole,Jillian A Yates,Lynsey J Blevins,Fatima Naureen Hassan,Alan O Bergland,Priscilla A Erickson
The African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus (Gupta), is a generalist fruit fly that typically breeds in decaying fruits from over 70 plant species. The species has spread globally from its native range in tropical Africa, becoming an invasive pest on ripening figs in Brazil. First reported in the United States in 2005 in Florida, Z. indianus has since been documented as far north as Canada and is hypothesized
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It is buzziness time: rearing, mating, and overwintering Bombus vosnesenskii (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Morgan E Christman,N Pinar Barkan,Claire Campion,Sam D Heraghty,Ellen C Keaveny,Kelton M Verble,Sarah A Waybright,Michael E Dillon,Jeffrey D Lozier,James P Strange
Bombus vosnesenskii Radowszkowski, 1862 is one of three bumble bee species commercially available for pollination services in North America; however, little is documented about B. vosnesenskii colony life cycle or the establishment of ex situ rearing, mating, and overwintering practices. In this study, we documented nest success, colony size, and gyne production; recorded the duration of mating events;
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Molecular diagnosis of 5 silkworm strains endemic to South Korea using single-nucleotide polymorphisms selected from whole-genome sequences. J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Jeong Sun Park,Seong-Wan Kim,Jong Woo Park,Kee-Young Kim,Seong-Ryul Kim,Woori Kwak,Iksoo Kim
The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), often poses a challenge in strain identification due to similarities in morphology and genetic background. In South Korea, around 40 silkworm strains are classified as premium, including 5 endemic tri-molting strains: Goryeosammyeon, Sammyeonhonghoeback, Hansammyeon, Sun7ho, and Sandongsammyeon. These strains have potential
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Biological basis for adoption of an isoline of Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) for an augmentative biological-control program for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Lucas Fonseca de Lacerda,Aloisio Coelho,Pedro Holtz de Paula,Deoclécio J Amorim,Clarice G B Demetrio,José Roberto Postali Parra
The widely distributed, polyphagous fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797), is one of the most important crop pests worldwide. The egg-parasitoid wasp, Telenomus remus Nixon, 1937, is frequently described as a possible control agent for S. frugiperda. We selected an isoline of T. remus and evaluated its parasitism potential (for 24 h) in S. frugiperda eggs, in laboratory conditions
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Evaluation of Pachycrepoideus vindemiae and Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as biological control agents of Piophila casei (Diptera: Piophilidae) in ham production facilities. J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Diletta Missere,Antonio Martini,Giovanni Burgio
Ham products play a fundamental role in the Italian economy, and attention to the problems of this sector is essential. The products of this sector can be attacked by parasites, which can cause direct and indirect damage. Piophila casei (L.) (Diptera: Piophilidae) a cheese and meat parasite, is currently responsible for hygiene problems in ham factories. The trophic activity of this pest on the products
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Host stage and temperature for the rearing of Aridelus rufotestaceus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with notes on acceptance and suitability of 2 stink bug species. J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Santolo Francati,Antonio Martini,Maria Luisa Dindo
Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a harmful pest of many agricultural crops in different parts of the world. This stink bug is the preferred host species of Aridelus rufotestaceus Tobias (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an endoparasitoid of nymphs and adults of pentatomids. With the aim to improve the rearing procedure of this beneficial insect, the acceptance and suitability of all mobile