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Amorphous calcium carbonate enhances osteogenic differentiation and myotube formation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells and primary skeletal muscle cells under microgravity conditions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Orit Ecker Cohen, Sara Neuman, Yehudit Natan, Almog Levy, Yigal Dov Blum, Shimon Amselem, Danny Bavli, Yossi Ben
Astronauts are exposed to severely stressful physiological conditions due to microgravity and increased space radiation. Space environment affects every organ and cell in the body and the significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessness include muscle atrophy and deterioration of the skeleton (spaceflight osteopenia). Amorphous Calcium Carbonate (ACC) emerges as a promising candidate for prevention
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Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing reveals CeRNA regulatory network under long-term space composite stress in Rats Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 YiShu Yin, JunLian Liu, Chong Xu, DeYong Zeng, YuanBing Zhu, XiaoRui Wu, QuanChun Fan, Shuang Zhao, JiaPing Wang, Yu Liu, YongZhi Li, Weihong Lu
To systematically evaluate the effect of simulated long-term spaceflight composite stress (LSCS) in hippocampus and gain more insights into the transcriptomic landscape and molecular mechanism, we performed whole-transcriptome sequencing based on the control group (Ctrl) and the simulated long-term spaceflight composite stress group (LSCS) from six hippocampus of rats. Subsequently, differential expression
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Reduced ossification caused by 3D simulated microgravity exposure is short-term in larval zebrafish Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Juan D. Carvajal-Agudelo, Jordan Eaton, Tamara A. Franz-Odendaal
Understanding how skeletal tissues respond to microgravity is ever more important with the increased interest in human space travel. Here, we exposed larval at 3.5 dpf to simulated microgravity (SMG) using a 3D mode of rotation in a ground-based experiment and then studied different cellular, molecular, and morphological bone responses both immediately after exposure and one week later. Our results
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Secondary proton buildup in space radiation shielding Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 J.M. DeWitt, E.R. Benton
The risk posed by prolonged exposure to space radiation represents a significant obstacle to long-duration human space exploration. Of the ion species present in the galactic cosmic ray spectrum, relativistic protons are the most abundant and as such are a relevant point of interest with regard to the radiation protection of space crews involved in future long-term missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond
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Report of the 6th (Virtual) Meeting on the Planetary Protection Knowledge Gaps for Human Missions to Mars June 1-2, 2022 Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-18 J. Andy Spry, Bette Siegel, Gerhard Kminek, Amy Baker, Esther Beltran, Michelle Courtney, Peter Doran, Jennifer Heldmann, Aaron Regberg, Petra Rettberg
This paper reports the sixth in a series of meetings held under the auspices of COSPAR (with space agencies support) to identify, refine and prioritize the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed for planetary protection for crewed missions to Mars, as well as to describe where and how needed data can be obtained. This approach is consistent with current scientific understanding and COSPAR policy
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Spaceflight impacts xyloglucan oligosaccharide abundance in Arabidopsis thaliana root cell walls Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Xizheng Diao, Natasha Haveman, Brandon Califar, Xiaoru Dong, Boone Prentice, Anna-Lisa Paul, Robert J. Ferl
Over the course of more than a decade, space biology investigations have consistently indicated that cell wall remodeling occurs in a variety of spaceflight-grown plants. Here, we describe a mass spectrometric method to study the fundamental composition of xyloglucan, the most abundant hemicellulose in dicot cell walls, in space-grown plants. Four representative Arabidopsis root samples, from a previously
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“Spaceflight-to-Eye Clinic”: Terrestrial advances in ophthalmic healthcare delivery from space-based innovations Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Joshua Ong, Ethan Waisberg, Mouayad Masalkhi, Alex Suh, Sharif Amit Kamran, Phani Paladugu, Prithul Sarker, Nasif Zaman, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G. Lee
The phrase “Bench-to-Bedside” is a well-known phrase in medicine, highlighting scientific discoveries that directly translate to impacting patient care. Key examples of translational research include identification of key molecular targets in diseases and development of diagnostic laboratory tests for earlier disease detection. Bridging these scientific advances to the bedside/clinic has played a meaningful
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The COSPAR planetary protection policy for missions to Icy Worlds: A review of history, current scientific knowledge, and future directions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 P.T. Doran, A. Hayes, O. Grasset, A. Coustenis, O. Prieto-Ballesteros, N. Hedman, O. Al Shehhi, E. Ammannito, M. Fujimoto, F. Groen, J.E. Moores, C. Mustin, K. Olsson-Francis, J. Peng, K. Praveenkumar, P. Rettberg, S. Sinibaldi, V. Ilyin, F. Raulin, Y. Suzuki, K. Xu, L.G. Whyte, M. Zaitsev, J. Buffo, G. Kminek, B. Schmidt
Recent discoveries related to the habitability and astrobiological relevance of the outer Solar System have expanded our understanding of where and how life may have originated. As a result, the Icy Worlds of the outer Solar System have become among the highest priority targets for future spacecraft missions dedicated to astrobiology-focused and/or direct life detection objectives. This, in turn, has
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Automatic measurements with the Pille-ISS thermoluminescent dosimeter system on board the International Space Station (2003–2021) Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Patrik Pinczés, Attila Hirn, István Apáthy, Sándor Deme, Olga Ivanova, Tamás Pázmándi, Vyacheslav Shurshakov
The health risk of staying in space is a well-known fact, and the radiation doses to the astronauts must be monitored. The Pille-ISS thermoluminescent dosimeter system is present on the International Space Station (ISS) since 2003. We present an analysis of 60000 data points over 19 years from the 90 min automatic measurements and show a 4-day-long segment of 15 min measurements. In the case of the
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Mechanical interaction of myosin and native thin filament in the disused rat soleus muscle Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Oksana Gerzen, Iulia Potoskueva, Veronika Votinova, Ksenia Sergeeva, Sergey Tyganov, Alena Tzybina, Boris S. Shenkman, Larisa Nikitina
The disuse of skeletal limb muscles occurs in a variety of conditions, yet our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms involved in adaptation to disuse remains incomplete. We studied the mechanical characteristics of actin-myosin interaction using an motility assay and isoform composition of myosin heavy and light chains by dint of SDS-PAGE in soleus muscle of both control and hindlimb-unloaded rats
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Effects of social isolation and galactic cosmic radiation on fine motor skills and behavioral performance Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-03 Austin M. Adkins, Emily M. Colby, Alea F. Boden, Justin D. Gotthold, Ryan D. Harris, Richard A. Britten, Laurie L. Wellman, Larry D. Sanford
Future NASA missions will require astronauts to travel farther and spend longer durations in space than ever before. This will also expose astronauts to longer periods of several physical and psychological challenges, including exposure to space radiation (SR) and periods of social isolation (SI), which could have unknown negative effects on physical and mental health. Each also has the potential to
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Susceptibility of extremophiles to far-UVC light for bioburden reduction in spacecraft assembly facilities Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Camryn Petersen, Manuela Buonanno, Lisa Guan, Akemi Hinzer, Joshua Urbano, Raabia Hashmi, Igor Shuryak, Ceth Parker, David Welch
The prevention and reduction of microbial species entering and leaving Earth's biosphere is a critical aspect of planetary protection research. While various decontamination methods exist and are currently utilized for planetary protection purposes, the use of far-UVC light (200-230 nm) as a means for microbial reduction remains underexplored. Unlike conventional germicidal ultraviolet at 254 nm, which
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Simulated galactic cosmic radiation-induced cancer progression in mice Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Krishna Luitel, Silvia Siteni, Summer Barron, Jerry W. Shay
Prolonged manned space flight exposure risks to galactic comic radiation, has led to uncertainties in a variety of health risks. Our previous work, utilizing either single ion or multiple ion radiation exposure conducted at the NSRL (NASA Space Radiation Laboratory, Brookhaven, NY) demonstrated that HZE ion components of the GCR result in persistent inflammatory signaling, increased mutations, and
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Construction of microgravity biological knowledge graph and its applications in anti-osteoporosis drug prediction Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Yu-Han Zheng, Guan-Jing Pan, Yuan Quan, Hong-Yu Zhang
Microgravity in the space environment can potentially have various negative effects on the human body, one of which is bone loss. Given the increasing frequency of human space activities, there is an urgent need to identify effective anti-osteoporosis drugs for the microgravity environment. Traditional microgravity experiments conducted in space suffer from limitations such as time-consuming procedures
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Tissue-specific dose equivalents of secondary mesons and leptons during galactic cosmic ray exposures for mars exploration Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Sungmin Pak, Francis A. Cucinotta
During a human mission to Mars, astronauts would be continuously exposed to galactic cosmic rays (GCR) consisting of high energy protons and heavier ions coming from outside our solar system. Due to their high energy, GCR ions can penetrate spacecraft and space habitat structures, directly reaching human organs. Additionally, they generate secondary particles when interacting with shielding materials
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The influence of simulated weightlessness on the composition and function of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism products Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-14 Min Wang, Sheng Chen, Changqing Zhong, Lei Liu, Guodong Wang, Xin Huang, Xiaoman Yang, Heming Yang, Lianyong Li
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of simulated weightlessness on gut microbiota, bile acid metabolism, and inflammatory cytokines compared to the control group. The study compared the changes in gut microbiota at the phylum and genus levels in the feces of control and weightlessness rats after 1 and 8 weeks using fecal 16S rRNA sequencing. In the weightlessness group, there was an
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The effects of microgravity on stem cells and the new insights it brings to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-07 Hong-Yun Nie, Jun Ge, Kai-Ge Liu, Yuan Yue, Hao Li, Hai-Guan Lin, Hong-Feng Yan, Tao Zhang, Hong-Wei Sun, Jian-Wu Yang, Jin-Lian Zhou, Yan Cui
Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture techniques may undergo modifications in the future, as life scientists have widely acknowledged the ability of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture systems to accurately simulate in vivo biology. In recent years, researchers have discovered that microgravity devices can address many challenges associated with 3D cell culture. Stem cells, being pluripotent
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Weighing the impact of microgravity on vestibular and visual functions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Alexander J. Dontre
Numerous technological challenges have been overcome to realize human space exploration. As mission durations gradually lengthen, the next obstacle is a set of physical limitations. Extended exposure to microgravity poses multiple threats to various bodily systems. Two of these systems are of particular concern for the success of future space missions. The vestibular system includes the otolith organs
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Bioregenerative dietary supplementation in space: Brassica rapa var. nipposinica and other Brassica cultivars Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-23 Ethan Darby, Sarah Armstrong, Kellie J. Walters
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Effects of hypobaria, hyperoxia, and nitrogen form on the growth and nutritional quality of lettuce Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Linwei Jia, Yongkang Tang, Ke Tian, Weidang Ai, Wenjin Shang, Hao Wu
The objectives of this research were to investigate the impact of hypobaria, hyperoxia, and nitrogen form on the growth and nutritional quality of plants. Pre-culture 20-day-old lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Rome) seedlings grew for 25 days under three levels of total atmospheric pressure (101, 54, and 30 kPa), two levels of oxygen partial pressure (21 and 28 kPa), and two forms of nitrogen (NO3N
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Simulated microgravity altered the gene expression profiles and inhibited the proliferation of Kupffer cells in the early phase by downregulating LMO2 and EZH2 Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Jun Ge, Yuan Yue, Hong-Yun Nie, Kai-Ge Liu, Hao Li, Hai-Guan Lin, Tao Zhang, Hong-Feng Yan, Hong-Wei Sun, Jian-Wu Yang, Jin-Lian Zhou, Yan Cui
Microgravity is a primary challenge that need to overcome, when human travel to space. Our study provided evidence that Kupffer cells (KCs) are sensitive to simulated microgravity (SMG), and no similar research report has been found in the literature. Using transcriptome sequencing technology, it was showed that 631 genes were upregulated and 801 genes were downregulated in KCs after treatment under
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Lying in bed is bad for your health. Using gravity therapy accelerates rehabilitation Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Chrysoula Kourtidou-Papadeli, Joan Vernikos
Rapid deconditioning and comprehensive deleterious physiological changes that result in bedrest affect every system, function and cell of the body. It was assumed that the inherent inactivity was the cause of the problem, and that exercise would restore good health (Vernikos, 2018). However, numerous studies exploring different types and bouts of exercise once a day during bedrest produced only partial
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Cancer and circulatory disease risks for the largest solar particle events in the space age Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Francis A. Cucinotta, Sungmin Pak
In this paper we use the NASA Space Cancer Risk (NSCR version 2022) model to predict cancer and circulatory disease risks using energy spectra representing the largest SPE's observed in the space age. Because tissue dose-rates behind shielding for large SPE's lead to low dose-rates (<0.2 Gy/h) we consider the integrated risk for several historical periods of high solar activity, including July–November
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Reorganization of the mouse oocyte' cytoskeleton after cultivation under simulated weightlessness Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-04 Maria A. Sventitskaya, Irina V. Ogneva
Female germ cells provide the structural basis for the development of a new organism, while the main molecular mechanisms of the impact of weightlessness on the cell remain unknown. The aim of this work was to determine the relative content and distribution of the main proteins of microtubules and microfilaments, to assess the relative RNA content of genes in mouse oocytes after short-term exposure
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Radiation in Human Space Exploration: Detectors and Measurements, Today and Tomorrow Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-22 Livio Narici, Thomas Berger
Abstract not available
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Space Station and Spacecraft Environmental Conditions and Human Mental Health: Specific Recommendations and Guidelines Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Logan Smith
The way that a given environment may influence human mental health is widely established, with decades of research linking anxiety, depression, stress, productivity, and general mood with all facets of a given environment, including noise levels, lighting, air quality, and other factors. The environmental conditions of a space habitat have far reaching consequences for human mental health and should
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Simulated space environmental factors of weightlessness, noise and low atmospheric pressure differentially affect the diurnal rhythm and the gut microbiome Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Xihui Gan, Jianwei Zhao, Silin Li, Guanghan Kan, Yin Zhang, Bo Wang, Peng Zhang, Xiaohong Ma, Hongni Tian, Meimei Liao, Dapeng Ju, Shuihong Xu, Xiaoping Chen, Jinhu Guo
The circadian clock extensively regulates physiology and behavior. In space, astronauts encounter many environmental factors that are dramatically different from those on Earth; however, the effects of these factors on circadian rhythms and the mechanisms remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in the mouse diurnal rhythm and gut microbiome under simulated space capsule
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Leaf yield and Mineral content of mizuna in response to cut-and-come-again Harvest, Substrate Particle size, and Fertilizer Formulation in a Simulated Spaceflight Environment Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Asmaa H. Morsi, Gioia D. Massa, Robert C. Morrow, Raymond M. Wheeler, Mokhles A. Elsysy, Cary A. Mitchell
The Veggie plant-growth unit deployed onboard the International Space Station (ISS) grows leafy vegetables to supplement crew diets. “Cut-and-come-again” harvests are tested to maximize vegetative yield while minimizing crew time. Water, oxygen, and fertilizer delivery to roots of leafy greens growing in microgravity have become the center of attention for Veggie. Current Veggie technology wicks water
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Radiation cataract in Heterogeneous Stock mice after γ-ray or HZE ion exposure Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Norman J. Kleiman, Elijah F. Edmondson, Michael M. Weil, Christina M. Fallgren, Adam King, Catherine Schmidt, Eric J. Hall
Health effects of space radiation are a serious concern for astronauts on long-duration missions. The lens of the eye is one of the most radiosensitive tissues in the body and, therefore, ocular health risks for astronauts is a significant concern. Studies in humans and animals indicate that ionizing radiation exposure to the eye produces characteristic lens changes, termed “radiation cataract,” that
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Cardiovascular changes under the microgravity environment and the gut microbiome Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui, Rizwan Qaisar, Khulood Al-Dahash, Ahmad Hashem Altelly, Adel Elmoselhi, Naveed Ahmed Khan
In view of the critical role the gut microbiome plays in human health, it has become clear that astronauts' gut microbiota composition changes after spending time in space. Astronauts are exposed to several risks in space, including a protracted period of microgravity, radiation, and mechanical unloading of the body. Several deleterious effects of such an environment are reported, including orthostatic
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X-ray-downregulated nucleophosmin induces abnormal polarization by anchoring to G-actin Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Yingchu Dai, Yongduo Yu, Jing Nie, Ke Gu, Hailong Pei
Ionizing radiation poses significant risks to astronauts during deep space exploration. This study investigates the impact of radiation on nucleophosmin (NPM), a protein involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and proliferation. Using X-rays, a common space radiation, we found that radiation suppresses NPM expression. Knockdown of NPM increases DNA damage after irradiation, disrupts cell cycle
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Residual radiation risk disparities across sex and race or ethnic groups for lifetime never-smokers on lunar missions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Francis A. Cucinotta, Premkumar B. Saganti
Missions to the Earth's moon are of scientific and societal interest, however pose the problem of risks of late effects for returning crew persons, most importantly cancer and circulatory diseases. In this paper, we discuss NSCR-2022 model risk estimates for lunar missions for US racial and ethnic groups comparing never-smokers (NS) to US averages for each group and sex. We show that differences within
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Enhancing microbial diversity as well as multi-organ health in hind-limb unloaded mice Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Shama Shama, Anu V Ranade, Rizwan Qaisar, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Isfahan Tauseef, Adel Elmoselhi, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
During space travel, the gut microbiota is changed which can lead to health-related issues. Previously, we utilized the hind-limb unloaded (HU) mouse, which is an established ground-based in-vivo model of microgravity and observed altered gut microbiota. In this study, we evaluated the beneficial effects of novel bacterial conditioned media in HU mice to understand if they can offset the effects of
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The Importance of Time-Resolved Personal Dosimetry in Space: The ISS Crew Active Dosimeter Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Ramona Gaza, A. Steve Johnson, Bryan Hayes, Thomas Campbell-Ricketts, Jani Rakkola, Mena Abdelmelek, Cary Zeitlin, Stuart George, Nicholas Stoffle, Andrew Castro, Clif Amberboy, Edward Semones
Monitoring space radiation is of vital importance for risk reduction strategies in human space exploration. Radiation protection programs on Earth and in space rely on personal and area radiation monitoring instruments. Crew worn radiation detectors are crucial for successful crew radiation protection programs since they measure what each crewmember experiences in different shielding configurations
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Recycling nutrients from organic waste for growing higher plants in the Micro Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) loop during long-term space missions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Emmanuel Frossard, Grace Crain, Icíar Giménez de Azcárate Bordóns, Christa Hirschvogel, Astrid Oberson, Christel Paille, Geremia Pellegri, Kai M. Udert
Space agencies are developing Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS) in view of upcoming long-term crewed space missions. Most of these BLSS plan to include various crops to produce different types of foods, clean water, and O2 while capturing CO2 from the atmosphere. However, growing these plants will require the appropriate addition of nutrients in forms that are available. As shipping fertilizers
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Non-Targeted Effects and Space Radiation Risks for Astronauts on Multiple International Space Station and Lunar Missions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Francis A. Cucinotta
Future space travel to the earth's moon or the planet Mars will likely lead to the selection of experienced International Space Station (ISS) or lunar crew persons for subsequent lunar or mars missions. Major concerns for space travel are galactic cosmic ray (GCR) risks of cancer and circulatory diseases. However large uncertainties in risk prediction occur due to the quantitative and qualitative differences
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3D Printing for Space Food Applications: Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 P. Santhoshkumar, Aditi Negi, J.A. Moses
Space foods closely associate with the performance and mental health of astronauts. Over the years, a range of manufacturing technologies have been explored and advancements in food 3D printing can provide answers to certain existing challenges and revolutionize the way foods are prepared for space exploration missions. Apart from the nutrition and satiety perspective, product shelf-life, variety,
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Palmer Station, Antarctica: A Ground-Based Spaceflight Analog Suitable for Validation of Biomedical Countermeasures for Deep Space Missions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Douglass M. Diak, Stephanie Krieger, Cody Gutierrez, Satish Mehta, Mayra Nelman-Gonzalez, Adriana Babiak-Vazquez, Millennia Young, Thomas M. Oswald, Alexander Choukér, Jamee Johnson, Hannah James, Cindy Y. Chang, Brian Crucian
Astronauts are known to exhibit a variety of immunological alterations during spaceflight including changes in leukocyte distribution and plasma cytokine concentrations, a reduction in T-cell function, and subclinical reactivation of latent herpesviruses. These alterations are most likely due to mission-associated stressors including circadian misalignment, microgravity, isolation, altered nutrition
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Protective effect of Baoyuan Jieyu Formula on long-term spaceflight composite stress-induced depressive-like behavior and memory deficits through regulation of Ca2+ channel currents Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-24 YiShu Yin, XiaoRui Wu, YuanBing Zhu, JunLian Liu, QuanChun Fan, Shuang Zhao, JiaPing Wang, Yu Liu, YongZhi Li, WeiHong Lu
Long-term spaceflight composite stress (LSCS) can cause adverse effects on human systems, especially the central nervous system. This study aimed to identify the underlying mechanisms of the protective effect of Baoyuan Jieyu Formula (BYJYF) on LSCS-induced depressive-like behavior and memory deficits. In this experiment, we simulated the real space station environment for a period of 42 days. Novel
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10-min Exposure to a 2.5% Hypercapnic Environment Increases Cerebral Blood Blow but does not Impact Executive Function Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-24 Mustafa Shirzad, James Van Riesen, Nikan Behboodpour, Matthew Heath
Space travel and exploration are associated with increased ambient CO2 (i.e., a hypercapnic environment). Some work reported that the physiological changes (e.g., increased cerebral blood flow [CBF]) associated with a chronic hypercapnic environment contributes to a “space fog” that adversely impacts cognition and psychomotor performance, whereas other work reported no change or a positive change.
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Results from the Radiation Assessment Detector on the International Space Station: Part 3, combined results from the CPD and FND Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-13
The energetic particle radiation environment on the International Space Station (ISS) includes both charged and neutral particles. Here, we make use of the unique capabilities of the Radiation Assessment Detector (ISS-RAD) to measure both of these components simultaneously. The Charged Particle Detector (CPD) is, despite its name, capable of measuring neutrons in the energy range from about 4 MeV to
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Comparative analysis of the molecular response characteristics in Platycodon grandiflorus irradiated with heavy ion beams and X-rays Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Xiao Liu, Yan Du, Chaoli Xu, Fusheng Wang, Xuehu Li, Luxiang Liu, Xiaohui Ma, Yuanmeng Wang, Linghui Ge, Weibin Ren, Ling Jin, Libin Zhou
The response of plants to radiation is an essential topic in both space plant cultivation and mutation breeding by radiation. In this study, heavy ion beams (HIB) generated by the ground accelerator and X-rays (XR) were used as models of high linear energy transfer (LET) and low LET radiation to study the molecular response mechanism of Platycodon grandiflorus (P. grandiflorus) seedlings after irradiation
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Extended reality quantification of pupil reactivity as a non-invasive assessment for the pathogenesis of spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome: A technology validation study for astronaut health Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-05 Prithul Sarker, Joshua Ong, Nasif Zaman, Sharif Amit Kamran, Ethan Waisberg, Phani Paladugu, Andrew G. Lee, Alireza Tavakkoli
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Hemerocallis citrina Baroni ameliorates chronic sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits and depressive-like behaviours in mice Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-02 Ning Jiang, Yiwen Zhang, Caihong Yao, Fang Chen, Yupei Liu, Yuzhen Chen, Yan Wang, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary, Xinmin Liu
Sleep deprivation (SD) is common during spaceflight. SD is known to cause cognitive deficits and depression, requiring treatment and prevention. Hemerocallis citrina Baroni (Liliaceae) is a perennial herb with antidepressant, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects.The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of H. citrina extract (HCE) on SD-induced cognitive
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Increase in steryl glycoside levels and stimulation of lipid raft formation in azuki bean epicotyls under hypergravity conditions Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-20 Takeshi Sakaki, Tomoko Koizumi, Yosuke Ikeido, Kouichi Soga, Kazuyuki Wakabayashi, Takayuki Hoson
Sterols are the main components of the plasma membrane and are involved in various plant membrane functions. Azuki bean (Vigna angularis (Wild.) Ohwi et Ohashi) seedlings were cultivated under hypergravity conditions, and changes in the levels and composition of membrane sterols in their epicotyls were analyzed. Under hypergravity conditions at 300 g, the levels of steryl glycosides and acyl steryl
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Hybrid methods of radiation shielding against deep-space radiation Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-19 Rajarshi Pal Chowdhury, Luke A. Stegeman, Matthew L. Lund, Dan Fry, Stojan Madzunkov, Amir A. Bahadori
In the last decade, NASA and other space exploration organizations have focused on making crewed missions to different locations in our solar system a priority. To ensure the crew members’ safety in a harsh radiation environment outside the protection of the geomagnetic field and atmosphere, a robust radiation protection system needs to be in place. Passive shielding methods, which use mass shielding
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Effects of simulated microgravity and vibration on osteoblast and osteoclast activity in cultured zebrafish scales Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-14 Juan D. Carvajal-Agudelo, Alisha McNeil, Tamara A. Franz-Odendaal
Zebrafish cultured scales have been used effectively to study cellular and molecular responses of bone cells. In order to expose zebrafish scales to simulated microgravity (SMG) and/or vibration, we first determined via apoptosis staining whether cells of the scale survive in culture for two days and hence, we restricted our analyses to two-day durations. Next, we measured the effects of SMG and vibration
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Reduced gravity effects on gait coordinative structures Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-14 Elizabeth Smith, John Fitzgerald, Grant Tomkinson, Pablo De Leon, Jesse Rhoades, Sophie Orr
Humans have stepped on the Lunar surface for less than 80 h of Extravehicular Activity, providing a narrow understanding of Lunar gait patterns. NASA's Human-crewed Artemis missions are quickly approaching; understanding how fractional gravity affects gait patterns will be critical for the Moon's and Mars' long-term habitation. This study examined gait patterns under 1.0 g (Earth), simulated 0.38 g
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Advances in planetary sustainability Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 André Galli, Andreas Losch
In the 21st century, existing human societies and biodiversity on the Earth are under threat because human resource consumption is exceeding or projected to exceed some of the physical and chemical boundaries of our planet (Rockström et al., 2009). Space research and space exploration are an integral part of a sustainable development that mitigates these threats: Space science and exploration allow
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Radiation measurements in the International Space Station, Columbus module, in 2020-2022 with the LIDAL detector Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-06 L. Di Fino, G. Romoli, G. Santi Amantini, V. Boretti, L. Lunati, C. Berucci, R. Messi, A. Rizzo, P. Albicocco, C. De Donato, G. Masciantonio, M.C. Morone, G. Nobili, G. Baiocco, A. Mentana, M. Pullia, F. Tommasino, E. Carrubba, A. Bardi, M. Passerai, L. Narici
The Light Ion Detector for ALTEA (LIDAL) is a new instrument designed to measure flux, energy spectra and Time of Flight of ions in a space habitat. It was installed in the International Space Station (Columbus) on January 19, 2020 and it is still operating. This paper presents the results of LIDAL measurements in the first 17 months of operation (01/2020-05/2022). Particle flux, dose rate, Time of
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Combined effect of simulated microgravity and low-dose ionizing radiation on structure and antibiotic resistance of a synthetic community model of bacteria isolated from spacecraft assembly room Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-30 Yueying Lu, Yifan Fu, Letian Chen, Jingjing Cui, Min Huang, Yuming Fu, Hong Liu
Understanding the structural and antibiotic resistance changes of microbial communities in space environments is critical for identifying potential pathogens that may pose health risks to astronauts and for preventing and controlling microbial contamination. The research to date on microbes under simulated space factors has primarily been carried out on single bacterial species under the individual
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Galactic cosmic ray environment predictions for the NASA BioSentinel mission Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-02 S. Rahmanian, T.C. Slaba, L.A. Braby, S.R. Santa Maria, S. Bhattacharya, T. Straume
BioSentinel is a nanosatellite deployed from Artemis-I designed to conduct in-situ biological measurements on yeast cells in the deep space radiation environment. Along with the primary goal of measuring damage and response in cells exposed during spaceflight, on-board active dosimetry will provide measurements of the radiation field encountered behind moderate shielding provided by the BioSentinel
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Accumulation of high-energy phosphates blocks the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis markers and slow-type myosin in soleus muscle under 24 hours of rat hindlimb suspension Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 I.D. Lvova, K.A. Sharlo, N.A. Vilchinskaya, D.A. Sidorenko, D.T. Sharlo, B.S. Shenkman
Under the initial stage of muscle mechanical unloading, the skeletal muscle undergo accumulation of high-energy phosphates followed by AMP-dependent proteinkinase (AMPK) inactivation. Since AMPK is known to activate mitochondrial biogenesis, it cannot be excluded that AMPK inactivation results in oxidative potential decrease at the later stages of muscle unloading. We decided to test the role of the
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Active radiation measurements over one solar cycle with two DOSTEL instruments in the Columbus laboratory of the International Space Station Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-12 Daniel Matthiä, Sönke Burmeister, Bartos Przybyla, Thomas Berger
Two DOSimetry TELescopes (DOSTELs) have been measuring the radiation environment in the Columbus module of the International Space Station (ISS) since 2009 in the frame of the DOSIS and DOSIS 3D projects. Both instruments have measured the charged particle flux rate and dose rates in a telescope geometry of two planar silicon detectors. The radiation environment in the ISS orbit is mostly composed
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Effects of proton and oxygen ion irradiation on cardiovascular function and structure in a rabbit model Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Ashley S. Nemec-Bakk, Vijayalakshmi Sridharan, John W. Seawright, Gregory A. Nelson, Maohua Cao, Preeti Singh, Amrita K. Cheema, Bhaldev Singh, Yaoxiang Li, Igor Koturbash, Isabelle R. Miousse, Laura E. Ewing, Charles M. Skinner, Reid D. Landes, John D. Lowery, Xiao-Wen Mao, Sharda P. Singh, Marjan Boerma
Purpose Astronauts on missions beyond low Earth orbit will be exposed to galactic cosmic radiation, and there is concern about potential adverse cardiovascular effects. Most of the research to identify cardiovascular risk of space radiation has been performed in rodent models. To aid in the translation of research results to humans, the current study identified long-term effects of high-energy charged
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Observation of the radiation environment and solar energetic particle events in Mars orbit in May 2018- June 2022 Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Jordanka Semkova, Rositza Koleva, Victor Benghin, Krasimir Krastev, Yuri Matviichuk, Borislav Tomov, Stephan Maltchev, Tsvetan Dachev, Nikolay Bankov, Igor Mitrofanov, Alexey Malakhov, Dmitry Golovin, Maxim Litvak, Anton Sanin, Alexander Kozyrev, Maxim Mokrousov, Sergey Nikiforov, Denis Lisov, Artem Anikin, Vyacheslav Shurshakov, Nat Gopalswamy
The dosimeter Liulin-MO for measuring the radiation environment onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) is a module of the Fine Resolution Epithermal Neutron Detector (FREND). Here we present results from measurements of the charged particle fluxes, dose rates and estimation of dose equivalent rates at ExoMars TGO Mars science orbit, provided by Liulin-MO from May 2018 to June 2022. The period
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Development of a NASA roadmap for planetary protection to prepare for the first human missions to Mars Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Bette Siegel, J.Andy Spry, James Broyan, Sarah L. Castro-Wallace, Kevin Sato, Erin Mahoney, Julie Robinson
As part of planning for future space exploration, COSPAR (The Committee on Space Research) together with participating space agencies, organized and held interdisciplinary meetings to consider next steps in addressing knowledge gaps for planetary protection for future human missions to Mars. Beginning with the results of these meetings and earlier work by NASA, ESA, and COSPAR (e.g., Criswell et al
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Effects of preexposure to a subthreshold dose of helium particles on the changes in performance produced by exposure to helium particles Life Sci. Space Res. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Bernard M. Rabin, Marshall G. Miller, Barbara Shukitt-Hale
On exploratory class missions, such as a mission to Mars, astronauts will be exposed to doses of particles of high energy and charge and protons up to 30 – 40 cGy. These exposures will most likely occur at random intervals across the estimated 3-yr duration of the mission. As such, the possibility of an interaction between particles must be taken into account: a prior subthreshold exposure to one particle