Abstract Biochemical and bio-catalytic properties of an enzyme are essential to evaluate its potential industrial applications in food, pharmaceutical, textile, paper and pulp. More specifically, identifying optimal pH and temperature, and their effects on the residual enzyme activity are of high priority in biochemical characterisation. Therefore, in this study, polygalacturonase (PGase) produced

Abstract In the current study, use of cost effective nitrogen source in the production of protease was aimed by using Bacillus subtilis ZBP4 which is an indigenous strain capable of producing various enzymes and industrially important metabolites. Lentil flour (LF) was used for this purpose, and enzyme production from LF was compared with some other nitrogen sources including casein, yeast extract

Abstract Biodiesel, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), is an environmentally friendly alternative fuel produced by transesterification of renewable lipid feedstocks for diesel engines. Methanolysis of waste frying oil (WFO) was catalyzed by Rhizopus stolonifer 1aNRC11 mutant F whole-cell lipase that produced under solid state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran (WB) and black cumin meal as the main substrate

(2021). Stabilization of multimeric nitrilase via different immobilization techniques for hydrolysis of acrylonitrile to acrylic acid. Biocatalysis and Biotransformation. Ahead of Print.

Abstract Inulinase was immobilised by entrapment method in polyacrylamide/polyethylene glycol composite and evaluated for its efficiency for short-chain fructooligosaccharides (3–6 degrees of polymerisation) production in batch hydrolysis system. Aqueous two-phase polymerisation technique was used to synthesise the composite, where aqueous polyethylene glycol 1000 containing the enzyme was used as

Abstract Tofu solid waste (TSW), an abundant agricultural waste product from the soy industry, can be used as an excellent source of renewable biomass by the action of microbes, indicating a better utilization prospect as opposed to its disposal in landfills or being incinerated. In this study, the composition of TSW was investigated. The waste material was used to produce lactic acid by enzymatic

Abstract NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases are crucial biocatalysts for the industrial production of chiral compounds. For in situ recycling of required expensive cofactors in this biosynthetic process, NAD(P)+-dependent formate dehydrogenases (FDHs) are wanted to be employed as redox biocatalysts due to their greener and process friendly nature. However, their utilization is limited by their undesired

Abstract NAD+-dependent formate dehydrogenases (FDHs, E.C 1.2.1.2) catalyse the reversible reaction of CO2 to formate ion (HCOO−) and reduces NAD+ molecule to NADH. Previously described FDHs from Chaetomium thermophilum (CtFDH) and Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (CsFDH) are active against formate and HCO3 –. In this study, we examined the functional effects of active site mutations in Ct and Cs NAD+-dependent

Abstract Due to pollution in the process of chemical treatments, wool textile industry has been remarkably changed to use eco-friendly reagents in preparatory and finishing operations. We previously isolated a wool-degrading bacterial strain (Pseudomonas sp.3096-4) from decomposed wool fabrics, which produces a new type of keratinase capable of degrading cuticle layers. In this study, using fluorescein

Abstract Laccase treatment of phenolic compounds found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates is an alternative to reduce the growth inhibitory effect of these compounds on fermenting microorganisms. In order to determine the main factors that affect the efficiency of this biocatalytic approach, laccase oxidation of individual and mixtures of phenolic compounds was evaluated. Additionally, the effect of phenolic

Abstract The thermophilic amylase producing Anoxybacillus ayderensis FMB1 was isolated from Sorgun Hot Spring in Turkey. In order to obtain improved production of the enzyme for cost-effective process, optimization of the process parameters is required. Optimum conditions for amylase production were determined using the traditional Submerged Fermentation (SmF) method. The maximum amylase activity was

Abstract The enzyme-catalyzed transesterification reaction is an important route to realize the resolution of racemic optically active secondary alcohols. However, this route suffers from the high environment and engineering risks due to the usage of vinyl ester as acyl donor. In this work, an alternative acyl donor, ethyl butyrate, was used because it is more environment-friendly and catalyst-friendly

Abstract Bioactive peptides are compounds hydrolysed from an inactive parental protein that has beneficial effects on health, such as reduction of blood pressure, antioxidant activity, reduction of problems caused by diabetes, anticancer action, among others. These compounds can be obtained by the hydrolysis of proteins by enzymes, as the proteases, which are produced by microorganisms through solid-state

Abstract In this work, biotransformations of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) 1 by Ulocladium chartarum MRC 72584, Cladosporium sphaerospermum MRC 70266 and Cladosporium cladosporioides MRC 70282 have been reported. U. chartarum MRC 72584 mainly hydroxylated 1 at C-7α and C-7β, accompanied by a minor hydroxylation at C-4β, a minor epoxidation from the β-face and a minor oxidation at C-7 subsequent to

Abstract A laccase from Oudemansiella canarii was immobilized using the crosslinked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) methodology and applied in the degradation of the anthraquinonic dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR). The immobilized laccase was superior to the free laccase in both thermal and storage stabilities. Both immobilized and free laccase decolourized 100 mg/L RBBR within 24 h at 30 °C and pH 5.0

Abstract The effects of cellulase enzymes (Trichoderma reesei) in flotation deinking of mixed office wastes (MOW) on the deinking efficiency, physical and optical properties of the papers were investigated. In order to determine the effects of cellulase, conventional chemical deinking was also performed and compared with enzymatic deinking. After deinking processes, the handsheets were produced to

Abstract Biocatalytic asymmetric reduction of ketone is an efficient method for the production of chiral carbinols. The study indicates selective bioreduction of different ketones (1–8) to their respective (R)-alcohols (1a–8a) in low to high selectivity (0- >99%) with good yields (11–96%). In this work, whole-cell of Lactobacillus kefiri P2 catalysed enantioselective reduction of various prochiral

Abstract Modern agriculture is threatened by the possibility of nutrient losses, largely attributable the presence of competing weeds in these spaces. The challenge is to manage these weeds efficiently without harming the environment and the population. The inadequate use of a series of management techniques ends up causing resistance in weeds; therefore, we seek new forms of control. Among these are

Abstract Chitosan (CS) and glutaraldehyde (GA) were exploited to activate carrageenan-alginate (Car-Alg) beads and enable their utilisation as covalent immobilisation matrices. The GA/CS activated Car-Alg beads were utilised to immobilise the Aspergillus oryzae β-D-galactosidase (β-gal). Initially, the beads gelling solution was optimised, and it was shown that the upmost amount of immobilised β-gal

Abstract Two biocatalysts with high lipolytic activity were obtained – freeze-dried supernatant and freeze-dried biomass of Yarrowia lipolytica KKP 379. The biocatalysts were compared with Candida antarctica lipase B in the synthesis of ethyl hydrocinnamate – a flavour compound with a floral-honey aroma. Ester synthesis was completed after 2 h when 3 grams of freeze-dried biomass was used. Using smaller

Abstract Glucansucrases are capable of synthesis of distinct oligosaccharides using different acceptor molecules and in this study lactose derivative hetero-oligosaccharides were shown to be produced by an active glucansucrase in its acceptor reaction with sucrose and whey as the donor-acceptor molecules, respectively. Following the monitoring of the reaction products by TLC analysis, the effects of

Bioremediation is a better alternative and widely accepted approach used for efficient degradation of environmental pollutants released from industries, urban and agricultural activities due to its eco-friendly nature. Systems biology helps in the identification of new genes, proteins, metabolites, and metabolic pathways involved in bioremediation. Such information can be used for designing synthetic

Fructose polysaccharides and oligosaccharides are gaining strong importance due to their beneficial effects on human health and their applications in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. Fructan synthesis has been characterised in a wide variety of bacteria and plants. Metagenomic DNA sequence data suggests that several archaeal strains also contain fructosyltransferase (ftf) genes in their

A native strain of Bacillus endophyticus, PC was found to be effective in demethylation of colchicine. The strain was isolated from rhizospheric soils of Gloriosa superba from Erode, Tamilnadu, and was grown in optimised conditions of carbon and nitrogen. To intensify the demethylation, the strain was enriched and grown for 15 generations starting from low (0.5 mg/ml) to very high (10 mg/ml) concentrations

Deconjugation of bile salts in vivo not only promotes the cholesterol metabolism of the host, but also provides cellular carbon, nitrogen and sulphur for some probiotics. In this study, the gene of BSH from Bifidobacterium bifidum (ATCC 29521) was amplified and expressed using glutathione S-transferase (GST) Gene Fusion System. The enzyme was purified in a mild conditions without denaturation and renaturation

16α-Hydroxylated steroids are important precursors in the synthesis of high value steroidal drugs such as glucocorticoids in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, an innovative biotechnological method based on enzymatic catalysis was presented for the high-efficient production of 16α-hydroxyl-testosterone. CYP154C, a cytochrome P450 from Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273, was identified to carry

2-Oxo-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl) butyric acid (PPO) is an important precursor compound for the broad-spectrum herbicide l-glufosinate (L-PPT). In this study, the gene of d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. By coupling exogenous catalase (CAT), a biocatalytic cascade was constructed for synthesis of PPO in one pot. The bioprocess was optimized on a 300 mL scale

This study aims to exploit an ionic liquid (IL)-containing medium for efficient production of (R)-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] ethanol ((R)-BTPE) from 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) acetophenone (3,5-BTAP) catalysed by whole cells of Trichoderma asperellum ZJPH0810. A new type of quaternary ammonium-based ILs (QAILs) was investigated and compared with more conventional pyridinium or imidazolium-based

Magnetic nanoparticles are well known as facile and effective support for enzyme immobilization since they have a high surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio, easy separation, a fast and high enzyme loading. This study aims to provide insights on whether acidic or basic modified particles are more effective for L-asparaginase (ASNase) immobilization. Therefore, amino (Fe3O4/SiO2/NH2) and carboxyl-functionalized

Laccases (EC. 1.10.3.2) have a broad range of industrial applications. In order to overcome problems associated with loss of activity, storage and reusability of the free enzyme, a laccase from Ganoderma lucidum was immobilised successfully on monoaminoethyl-N-aminoethyl (MANAE)-agarose with high immobilisation yield and high activity recovery. The immobilisation improved significantly the thermal

A fungal species was screened from a forest soil by enrichment agar plating method with longifolene as only carbon source. It was identified as Penicillium europium. The isolated fungus transformed the longifolene into various metabolites, of which 12 were isolated in pure form. The characterisation of these transformed compounds was carried out by physicochemical methods involving spectral studies

The fruits of Ligustrum lucidum were used as an efficient biological reducer of carbonyl compounds, and trials were carried out to optimise the reductive process using acetophenone as the model substrate. In order to try to eliminate the dependence on the seasonal production of the fruits, a study was carried out to find ways to conserve them. The results reported here show that it is possible to store

With the aim of finding new methods for environmentally friendly synthesis of chiral phenylethanols, a screening was carried out to identify seeds that could be used as a biocatalyst capable of reducing stereoselectively prochiral ketones. As a result, seeds of Bauhinia variegata L. (Fabaceae) were identified as being an efficient and stereoselective biological reducer of acetophenone to produce (S)-1-phenylethanol

Use of expensive raw material and inefficient extraction method has limited the production of biopolymers at pilot scale compared to commercial plastics. Hence, this research work spotlights on production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) using Bacillus endophyticus MTCC 9021 in different dilutions of untreated distillery effluent (10–25%) among which 10% dilutions exhibited maximum PHA production. Statistical

Bioactive peptides are fragments of polypeptide chains with specific sequence of amino acids that can promote positive effects on human health. A potential substrate to obtaining these compounds is the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Carioca) due to its high protein content. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of common bean protein

Leather industries aim at the transformation of putrescible animal raw hides and skins into a stable non-putrescible material (leather), ultimately resulting in solid wastes generation. Storage of limed bovine fleshing, a predominant proteinaceous solid waste material from pre-tanning processes is highly discouraged due to their putrescible nature. Diversely, bio-conversion of solid waste into a saleable

Catechins are the major group of bioactive flavanols in green tea and cacao. 17 glucansucrase-active strains were identified from a set of 41 lactic acid bacteria, which were able to glucosylate (+)-catechin in a non-natural acceptor reaction. In total cell free extracts of 12 Leuconostoc and 5 Weissella strains were active on catechin and also 8 cell fractions exhibited catechin glucosylation activity

Phytases are widely used in human and animal nutrition, aquaculture, soil amendment, and in the production of lower myo-inositol phosphates for clinical purposes. Some of these applications, especially feed industry require robust enzymes. Since the marine environments are less studied compared to terrestrial environments, we evaluated the extracellular phytase activity of 110 marine derived filamentous

Yarrowia lipolytica is a yeast that presents high biotechnological potential due to its ability to produce many metabolites, among them lipases and esterases, which are important industrial biocatalysts. Since Brazil is an agroindustrial country, it generates an enormous diversity of residues or byproducts that can be used as a platform for biomolecules production. This work aims to evaluate lipase

In this study, an amidase-synthesizing and inducible thermotolerant bacterium, Bacillus tequilensis (BITNR004), was investigated for the conversion of acrylamide to acrylic acid, which was subsequently confirmed using various analytical tools. The enzyme, acrylamidase, was found to be intracellular in nature with optimum activity at 50 °C. Further, the whole-cell biocatalyst had a biotransformation

Aromatic α-halohydrins, particularly 2-haloethanols as significant precursor of drugs, can easily be converted to chiral β-adrenergic receptor blockers. Eight strains of Lactobacillus curvatus were tested as biocatalysts for asymmetric reduction of 2-bromo-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)ethanone 1 to 2-bromo-1- (naphthalen-2-yl) ethanol 2. The parameters of the bioreduction were optimized using L. curvatus N4

Zofenopril as an ACE inhibitor expired recently was found to have a favourable safety profile in comparison with other ACE inhibitors in treating high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction. It can be synthesised from the key building blocks of (S)-3-benzoylthio-2-methylpropanoic acid and (4S)-phenylthio-L-proline. In this report, an efficient hydrolytic resolution

Polyphenols, especially catecholic stilbene derivatives, have attracted much attention due to the huge pharmacological effects and promising health benefits. However, their chemical synthesis via regioselective ortho-hydroxylation on aromatic rings is highly challenging. In this study, 3′-hydroxypterostilbene (HPS) is taken as a model product due to its strong potential as an antitumor agent. One-step

Textile industries account for two-thirds of the total dyestuff market been responsible for the production of a large volume of effluent with unfixed dye. Aromatic dyes as potassium indigo-trisulfonate dye (PIT) are characterized as a chemically stable and complex molecule with high heat and light stability and with high toxicity even at low concentration. In order to evaluate an environmentally friendly

Atrazine is the most common herbicide applied in crops of economic relevance, such as sugar cane, soybean, and corn. Atrazine and its derivatives desethylatrazine (DEA) and desisopropylatrazine (DIA) are toxic to the environment, affecting animal and human health. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the degradation of atrazine and its derivatives by the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus INCQS 40310, as well

In the leather industry, proteases can be used as tools to achieve cleaner technology. In the present study, proteolytic preparations obtained from the latex of Carica papaya (Cp) and Vasconcellea quercifolia (Vq) were assayed as dehairing agents for leather processing. Both Cp and Vq showed activity against substrates representative of collagen, keratin, elastin, and epidermis in a range of moderate

Myceliophthora thermophila encodes for large number of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) involved in lignocellulosic biomass degradation. The mould was grown on rice straw in solid state fermentation at pH 5.0 and 45 °C that produced high levels of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes i.e. 2218.12, 515.23, 478.23, 13.34 U/g DMR for xylanase, CMCase, FPase and β-glucosidase, respectively. The secretome

(2020). Screening, partial purification and characterization of the hyper-thermophilic lipase produced by a new isolate of Bacillus subtilis LP2. Biocatalysis and Biotransformation: Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 367-375.

(2020). Estimation of initial rate from discontinuous progress data. Biocatalysis and Biotransformation: Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 325-342.

The demand for keratinolytic proteases has increased in recent years, in view of their applications in the feed, detergent, fertilizer, leather and textile industries. Recently, studies have focussed on exploration of new and inexpensive carbon sources for their production. Among keratin wastes, dog hair presents no utility and is an environmental concern. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility

The development of more efficient and environmentally friendly analytical methods represents a current focus for the fine chemical industry. In particular, microscale methodologies that are free of solvents/reagents. The headspace-GC/MS (HS-GC) methodology was employed in this study as a tool for monitoring a biocatalysed reaction of (4S)-(+)-carvone using Phoma sp., a filamentous fungus from human

Many studies describe the advantages of using hydrophobic particles on lipase immobilisation. However, many of these works neglect the effect of other variables of the supports, such as specific area and porosity, on the biocatalyst performance, and do not evaluate the influence of the hydrophobicity level of the particles on the biocatalysts’ activity as a single variable. Thus, the focus of the present

This study evaluated coupled effects of molar ratio of substrates and enzyme loading in a solvent-free system using a simple mathematical approach to obtain high conversions on octyl caprylate synthesis with Novozym 435. When molar ratios of caprylic acid to n-octanol (1:1 and 1:3) were evaluated with enzyme loadings of 1% to 4% (wt/wt acid), an interdependence between the masses of reagents and the

Immobilization of enzymes from different sources on various supports in designed systems increases enzymes’ stability by protecting the active site of it from undesired effect of reaction environment. Also, immobilization decreases the cost of separation and facilities the reuse of the enzymes. Therefore, the design of new immobilization enzyme preparations has been an inevitable area of modern biotechnology

A low molecular weight intracellular and extracellular fructosyltransferase was purified from the wild (Wt) and improved mutant-type (Mt) Aureobasidium pullulans and its characteristics and thermodynamic properties determined. The Wt had been previously genetically modified by chemical mutagenesis. The purified fructosyltransferases from the Wt and Mt had subunit molecular weights between 13.4 and

The present study aims to exploit microbial potential from colder region to produce lipase enzyme stable at low temperatures. A newly isolated bacterium GBPI_508 from Himalayan environment, was investigated for the production of cold-active lipase emphasizing on its aggregation properties. Plate based assays followed by quantitative production of enzyme was estimated under different culture conditions

Enzymatic synthesis of penicillin V (penV) by acylation of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) was carried out using methyl phenoxyacetate (MPOA) as activated acyl donor and soluble penicillin acylase from Streptomyces lavendulae (SlPVA) as biocatalyst. The effect of different reaction conditions on penV synthesis was investigated, such as enzyme concentration, pH, molar ratio of 6-APA to MPOA, as well

An Escherichia coli host microorganism was used for the production of the aldoxime dehydratase from Rhodococcus sp. YH3-3 (OxdYH3-3), which showed good activity toward aromatic aldoximes. Biotransformation of aromatic aldoximes to nitriles was studied using this recombinant biocatalyst OxdYH3-3, exemplified in particular for the synthesis of biorenewable-based 2-furonitrile. The gene encoding for the

Chiral 1-phenylethanol and its ester derivative are important chiral chemicals in diverse industries and the preparation of those optically pure enantiomers is of great importance. One bacterium, Bacillus sp. DL-2, whose extracellular proteases could efficiently asymmetrically hydrolyse (±)-1-phenylethyl acetate, was isolated from the deep sea of the Western Pacific. After the immobilization of extracellular