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Oat protein modulates cholesterol metabolism and improves cardiac systolic function in high fat, high sucrose fed rats Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Jenny Bouchard, Pema Raj, Liping Yu, Babak Sobhi, Maneka Malalgoda, Lovemore Malunga, Thomas Netticadan, Sijo Joseph Thandapilly
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Oats are recognized to provide many health benefits that are mainly associated with its dietary fibre, β-glucan. However, the protein derived from oats is largely understudied with respect to its ability to maintain health and attenuate risk factors of chronic diseases. The goal of the current study was to investigate the metabolic effects
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Reply—in response to: How does Canada’s new vitamin D fortification policy affect the high prevalence of inadequate intake of the vitamin? Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Hassan Vatanparast, Zoe L. Longworth
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print.
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In response to: How does Canada’s new vitamin D fortification policy affect the high prevalence of inadequate intake of the vitamin? Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 J.L. Daoust, H.A. Weiler
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print.
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Early life exposure to Chinese famine and risk of digestive system cancer in midlife Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Yizhen Tan, Xiaozhong Jiang, Xiong Ding, Zhihao Wei, Zongshuang Song, Shuohua Chen, Peng Yang, Dandan Zhao, Shouling Wu, Yun Li
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. To investigate whether early-life exposure to the Great Famine of 1959–1961 in China was associated with the risk of digestive system cancer. The prospective cohort study involved 17 997 participants from the Kailuan Study (Tangshan, China) that began in 2006. All participants were divided into three groups based on their date of birth
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What’s the big IDEA? Incorporating inclusion, diversity, equity, and access (IDEA) in population health nutrition research and practice Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Maria Baranowski, Nikki Webb, Joyce Slater
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Historically, the constructs of inclusion, diversity, equity, and access (IDEA) have not been sufficiently considered or included in population health nutrition research and practice. Consequently, current nutrition assessment benchmarks and knowledge translation tools may not accurately or adequately reflect diversity in the Canadian population
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Women in Canada are consuming above the upper intake level of folic acid but few are meeting dietary choline recommendations in the second trimester of pregnancy: data from the CHILD cohort study Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Alejandra M. Wiedeman, Kozeta Miliku, Theo J. Moraes, Piushkumar J. Mandhane, Elinor Simons, Padmaja Subbarao, Stuart E. Turvey, Jill G. Zwicker, Angela M. Devlin
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. There is concern that during a low-risk pregnancy, women are consuming more than recommended (400 µg/day) supplemental folic acid and may not meet recommendations for other nutrients. The objective of this study was to determine folic acid supplement use and dietary folate intakes in the second trimester (week 18) of pregnancy in women
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A scoping review of Indigenous community-specific physical activity measures developed with and for Indigenous Peoples in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Shara R. Johnson, Phil Chilibeck, Sarah N. Oosman, Heather J.A. Foulds
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Historical factors including colonization and ongoing socioeconomic inequities impact Indigenous Peoples’ ability to mitigate chronic disease risks such as achieving recommended physical activity (PA) levels. Reliably assessing, reflecting, and promoting PA participation among Indigenous Peoples may be impacted by a lack of culturally appropriate
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Repeated short cold-water immersions are sufficient to habituate to the cold, but do not lead to adaptations during exercise in normobaric hypoxia Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Geoffrey Dorsett, Felipe Gorini Pereira, Matthew Kuennen, Kyren Waugh, Jackson Barnard, Jonluke Bennett, Gabriel Garcia, Trevor Gillum
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We sought to assess the effects of repeated cold-water immersions (CWI) on respiratory, metabolic, and sympathoadrenal responses to graded exercise in hypoxia. Sixteen (2 female) participants (age: 21.2 ± 1.3 years; body fat: 12.3 ± 7.7%; body surface area 1.87 ± 0.16 m2, VO2peak: 48.7 ± 7.9 mL/kg/min) underwent 6 CWI in 12.0 ± 1.2 °C.
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Anti-inflammatory effects of sericin and swimming exercise in treating experimental Achilles tendinopathy in rat Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Koksal Gundogdu, Ozgen Kılıc Erkek, Gulsah Gundogdu, Dilek Sayin, Gulcin Abban Mete
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of combining sericin with swimming exercise as a treatment for type-I collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy (AT) in rats, with a focus on inflammatory cytokines. An experimental AT model was established using type-I collagenase in male Sprague–Dawley rats, categorized into five groups:
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Malnutrition care in hospitalized pediatric inpatients: comparison of perceptions and experiences across two pediatric academic health sciences centres Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Jessie M. Hulst, Anna de Lange, Kristen DaSilva, Jillian Owens, Louise Bannister, Jordan Beaulieu, Fariha Chowdhury, Bonnie Fleming-Carroll, Beth Haliburton, Daina Kalnins, Sanjay Mahant, Sarah McEwan, Adelina Morra, Lisa Talone, Nikhil Pai
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Malnutrition affects up to one in three Canadian children admitted to hospital. Awareness among pediatric healthcare providers (HCPs) of the prevalence and impacts of hospitalized malnutrition is critical for optimal management. The purpose of this study was to determine perceptions of malnutrition among pediatric HCP across two major academic
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A survey of preoperative surgical nutrition practices, opinions, and barriers across Canada Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Natalia Tomborelli Bellafronte, Roseann Nasser, Leah Gramlich, Francesco Carli, Sender Liberman, Daniel Santa Mina, Geoff Schierbeck, Olle Ljungqvist, Chelsia Gillis
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Malnutrition is prevalent among surgical candidates and associated with adverse outcomes. Despite being potentially modifiable, malnutrition risk screening is not a standard preoperative practice. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to understand healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) opinions and barriers regarding screening and treatment
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Metabolic remodeling of visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue during reacclimation of rats after cold Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Marta Budnar Soskic, Tamara Zakic, Aleksandra Korac, Bato Korac, Aleksandra Jankovic
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Deciphering lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT) depots during weight gain is important to understand the heterogeneity of WAT and its roles in obesity. Here, we examined the expression of key enzymes of lipid metabolism and changes in the morphology of representative visceral (epididymal) and subcutaneous (inguinal) WAT (eWAT
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The relationship between household food insecurity and overweight or obesity among children and adults in Canada: a population-based, propensity score weighting analysis Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Andrée-Anne Fafard St-Germain, Joy Hutchinson, Valerie Tarasuk
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Household food insecurity is independently associated with adverse health outcomes among Canadians, but its association with overweight and obesity is poorly understood partly because of limited attention to confounding. This study assessed the relationship between food insecurity status and overweight/obesity in Canada. Cross-sectional
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Early life involvement in food skills is associated with children’s cooking skills: a longitudinal analysis Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, David W.L. Ma, Michael Prashad, Jess Haines
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Engaging young children in food skills such as food planning and preparation early in life may be an important predictor of later child cooking skills. The aim of this study was to examine whether early life involvement in food skills (mean age at baseline = 3.6 years) is prospectively associated with cooking skills among a sample of 60
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The effect of pre-exercise oral hyperhydration on endurance exercise performance, heart rate, and thermoregulation: a meta-analytical review Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Alan J. McCubbin, Christopher Irwin
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. This study aimed to determine the effect of pre-exercise hyperhydration on endurance performance (primary outcome), heart rate, thermoregulation, and perceptual responses (secondary outcomes). Six academic databases were searched to February 2023. Only studies reporting differences in hydration between intervention and placebo/control were
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Are menstrual disturbances associated with an energy availability threshold? A critical review of the evidence Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Ana Carla C. Salamunes, Nancy I. Williams, Mary Jane De Souza
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Exercising women have a high prevalence of menstrual disturbances. In 2003, it was suggested that disruption in luteinizing hormone (LH) pulsatility occurs below a threshold of energy availability (EA) of 30 kcal/kg lean body mass (LBM)/day. This paper is a critical review of the evidence regarding the theory that disruptions to the reproductive
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Influence of acute dietary nitrate supplementation on oxygen delivery/consumption and limit of tolerance during progressive forearm exercise in men: a randomized crossover trial Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Alyssa M. Fenuta, Patrick J. Drouin, Zach I.N. Kohoko, Mytchel J.T. Lynn, Michael E. Tschakovsky
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Beetroot juice (BRJ) supplementation increases nitric oxide bioavailability with hypoxia and acidosis, characteristics of high-intensity exercise. We investigated whether BRJ improved forearm oxygen delivery:demand matching in an intensity-dependent manner. Healthy men (21 ± 2.5 years) participated in a randomized crossover trial between
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Rowing and pain: does rowing lead to exercise-induced hypoalgesia? Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Fabian Tomschi, Steffen Herzig, Thomas Hilberg
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Physical activity acutely alters pain processing known as exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). This randomized controlled crossover study investigated the effects of two different rowing exercises on EIH and to explore whether possible EIH effects are related to individual rowing specific performance. Fifty male experienced rowers conducted
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Independent and combined effects of calorie restriction and AICAR on glucose uptake and insulin signaling in skeletal muscles from 24-month-old female and male rats Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Haiyan Wang, Amy Zheng, Dominic Thorley, Edward B. Arias, Gregory D. Cartee
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We assessed the effects of two levels of calorie restriction (CR; eating either 15% or 35% less than ad libitum, AL, food intake for 8 weeks) by 24-month-old female and male rats on glucose uptake (GU) and phosphorylation of key signaling proteins (Akt; AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK; Akt substrate of 160 kDa, AS160) measured in isolated
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Note of appreciation Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Volume 49, Issue 1, Page i-i, January 2024.
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The utility of heart rate and heart rate variability to identify limits of tolerance to moderate-intensity work in the heat: a secondary analysis Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Jordan A. De Barros, Michael J. Macartney, Sean R. Notley, Robert D. Meade, Glen P. Kenny
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We investigated the utility of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) for identifying individuals who may terminate work early due to excessive heat strain. Forty-eight men and women (median = 36 years; Q1 = 20 years; Q3 = 54 years) attempted 180 min of moderate-intensity work at a fixed metabolic rate (∼200 W/m2; ∼3.5 METs) in
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Healthcare professionals knowledge, attitude, practices, and perspectives providing care to Muslims in Western countries who fast during Ramadan: a scoping review Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Katherine A.W. Hillier, Zoe L. Longworth, Hassan Vatanparast
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The practice of fasting during the month of Ramadan is an obligation for healthy Muslims and involves abstaining from food and drinks from dawn to dusk for 29–30 consecutive days annually. With changes in dietary and lifestyle patterns, healthcare professionals (HCPs) play a significant role in supporting Muslims health during Ramadan.
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AMPK and PGC-α following maximal and supramaximal exercise in men and women: a randomized cross-over study Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Benjamin B. Arhen, J.R.M. Renwick, A.K. Zedic, E.S. Menezes, N. Preobrazenski, C.A. Simpson, T. Stokes, C. McGlory, Brendon J. Gurd
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We tested the hypothesis that AMPK activation and peroxisome proliferator gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) expression are not augmented as exercise intensity (power output) increases from maximal to supramaximal intensities and conducted an exploratory analysis comparing AMPK activation and PGC-1α expression in males and females. Seventeen
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A very low carbohydrate diet for minimising blood glucose excursions during ultra-endurance open-water swimming in type 1 diabetes: a case report Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Shania N. Smee, Rebecca Johnson, Amy Rush, Raymond J. Davey
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Carbohydrate-restricted diets are used by people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to help manage their condition. However, the impact of this strategy on blood glucose responses to exercise is unknown. This study describes the nutritional strategies of an athlete with T1D, who follows a very low carbohydrate diet to manage her condition during
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GLP-1 response during pregnancy: variations between trimesters and associations with appetite sensations and usual energy intake Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Inès Auclair Mangliar, Anne-Sophie Plante, Myriam Chabot, Claudia Savard, Simone Lemieux, Andréanne Michaud, S. John Weisnagel, Félix Camirand Lemyre, Alain Veilleux, Anne-Sophie Morisset
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Further research is required to understand hormonal regulation of food intake during pregnancy and its association with energy intake. The objectives are to (i) compare postprandial responses of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) between trimesters, (ii) compare postprandial appetite sensations between trimesters, and (iii) examine
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Investigation of motor unit behavior in exercise and sports physiology: challenges and perspectives Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Sebastian Möck, Alessandro Del Vecchio
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Several methods are in use to record and analyze neuronal activation, each with specific advantages and challenges. New developments like the decomposition of high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) have enabled novel insights into discharge characteristics noninvasively in laboratory settings but face certain challenges to be applied
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Options for substantiating protein content claims for conventional foods Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 James D. House, André Brodkorb, Mark Messina, Michelle Braun, Elaine S. Krul
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. In Canada and the United States, front-of-package protein content claims require data to support the quality of the protein. In general, protein quality reflects the product of the amino acid composition of the food protein relative to human amino acid requirements and a measure of digestibility. The currently accepted method in both jurisdictions
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The human skeletal muscle metaboreflex contribution to cardiorespiratory control in males and females in dynamic exercise Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Michael G. Leahy, Jenna M. Benbaruj, Owen T. Payne, Glen E. Foster, A. William Sheel
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. There is a significant effect of sex and muscle mass on the cardiorespiratory response to the skeletal muscle metaboreflex during isometric exercise. We therefore tested the hypothesis that sex differences would be present when isolated following dynamic exercise. We also tested the hypothesis that single and double leg post-exercise circulatory
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Comparison of 10 × 1-minute high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus 4 × 4-minute HIIT on glucose control and variability in females with type 2 diabetes Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 A. Marcotte-Chénard, R. Tremblay, L. Deslauriers, P. Geraldes, M. Gayda, D. Christou, W. Mampuya, J.P. Little, E. Riesco
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) regimens are often used in research and clinical settings. Yet, there has been no direct comparison to determine if one can improve glucose control and variability to a greater extent in individuals living with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fourteen older females with T2D participated in a semi-randomized
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Ameliorative effects of aqueous extract from rosemary on oxidative stress and inflammation pathways caused by a high-fat diet in C57BL/6 mice Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva, Raquel Oliveira Pereira, Anne Karoline de Souza Oliveira, Fernanda Santana Harris, Illana Louise Pereira de Melo, Thiago Henrique Almeida-Souza, Luciana Tedesco Yoshime, Caroline dos Santos Melo, Jymmys Lopes dos Santos, Elma Regina Silva de Andrade-Wartha, Bruno Cogliati, Daniel Granato, Jorge Mancini-Filho
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Rosemary is an herb exhibits biological properties, attenuates inflammation, oxidative stress, and improves lipid profile. Here, we evaluated the effects of rosemary aqueous extract (RE) on mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6 mice were administered a control diet or HFD for 10 weeks. The treated groups received RE in the diet
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Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Volume 48, Issue 12, Page i-iii, December 2023.
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Effects of 7-day quercetin intervention on motor unit activity and muscle contractile properties before and after resistance exercise in young adults randomized controlled trials Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Taichi Nishikawa, Tetsuya Hirono, Ryosuke Takeda, Masamichi Okudaira, Toshiyuki Ohya, Kohei Watanabe
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We investigated whether the alteration of the motor unit recruitment threshold (MURT) caused by quercetin ingestion intervention for 7 days modifies motor unit activation patterns before and after a single session of resistance exercise. Twenty young male and female adults were divided into two groups: ingestion of placebo (PLA) or quercetin
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Correction: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology Annual Conference abstracts Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-22
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print.
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Effects of male paratroopers’ initial body composition on changes in physical performance and recovery during a 20-day winter military field training Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Jere Borgenström, Heikki Kyröläinen, Kai Pihlainen, Jani P. Vaara, Tommi Ojanen
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Changes in physiological markers and physical performance in relation to paratroopers’ initial body composition were investigated during a 20-day winter military field training (MFT) and the subsequent 10-day recovery period. Body composition, serum hormone concentrations and enzymatic biomarkers, and physical performance of 58 soldiers
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Awareness and knowledge of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults among adults living in Canada Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Kaitlyn D. Kauffeldt, Olivia Varkul, Amy E. Latimer-Cheung, Guy Faulkner, Melissa C. Brouwers, Tala Chulak-Bozzer, Rebecca Jones, Kirstin N. Lane, Zachary J. Weston, Jennifer R. Tomasone
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Awareness and knowledge of national movement behaviour guidelines are needed to influence individual behaviour and public health policies. This study assessed the awareness and knowledge of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults Aged 18–64 Years and Adults Aged 65 Years or Older (24HMG) recommendations among adults living in
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The influence of physical activity and sex on carotid artery longitudinal wall motion in younger healthy adults Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Carol G. Bryans, Josh Gopaul, Chloe E. Athaide, Christopher J.A. Pugh, Jason S. Au
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) is a novel preclinical marker for atherosclerosis that describes the axial anterograde and retrograde motion of the intima–media complex. While regular physical activity and sex are known to independently influence arterial stiffness, their roles on axial arterial wall behaviour are unknown
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Acute oral antioxidant consumption does not alter brachial artery flow mediated dilation in young adults independent of exercise training status Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Trevor J. King, Heather L. Petrick, Philip J. Millar, Jamie F. Burr
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation can be tested using a variety of shear stress paradigms, some of which may involve the production of reactive oxygen species. The purpose of this study was to compare different methods for assessing endothelial function and their specific involvement of reactive oxygen species and influence of aerobic
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Amygdalin and exercise training exert a synergistic effect in improving cardiac performance and ameliorating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of myocardial infarction Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Xiao Guo, Feng-Xia Qu, Ji-Dong Zhang, Fa Zheng, Yue Xin, Rong Wang, Jing-Yuan Li, Hai-Ying Li, Chang-Hong Lu
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. This study investigated the effects of amygdalin (AMY, a cyanogenic glycoside widely distributed in the fruits and seeds of Rosaceae plants) on cardiac performance and ventricular remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). We also investigated whether the combination of AMY with exercise training (ExT) has a beneficial synergistic
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Lack of change in blood pressure and arterial stiffness after high dairy intake in hyperinsulinemic subjects: a cross-over randomized controlled trial Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Hana Arghavani, Sarah O'Connor, Catherine Fortier, Iwona Rudkowska
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. To evaluate the effects of high dairy (HD) (≥4 servings/day), compared to adequate dairy (AD) (2–3 servings/day as per Canada's Food Guide for Healthy Eating (2007)), on blood pressure (BP) and measures of arterial stiffness in hyperinsulinemic subjects. In this cross-over clinical trial, hyperinsulinemic adults were randomized to AD and
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Is low-volume high-intensity interval training a time-efficient strategy to improve cardiometabolic health and body composition? A meta-analysis Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Mingyue Yin, Hansen Li, Mingyang Bai, Hengxian Liu, Zhili Chen, Jianfeng Deng, Shengji Deng, Chuan Meng, Niels B. J. Vollaard, Jonathan P. Little, Yongming Li
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The present meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT; i.e., ≤5 min high-intensity exercise within a ≤15 min session) on cardiometabolic health and body composition. A systematic search was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to assess the effect of LV-HIIT on cardiometabolic
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Social desirability, dietary intakes, and variables related to attitudes and behaviours towards eating among French-speaking adults from Quebec, Canada: The PREDISE study Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Benoît Boulanger, Alexandra Bédard, Élise Carbonneau, Luc Pelletier, Julie Robitaille, Benoît Lamarche, Simone Lemieux
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The primary objective of this study was to examine how social desirability is associated with self-reported measures of dietary intakes and variables related to attitudes and behaviours towards eating. This analysis was conducted in 1083 adults (50.0% women) from the PREDISE study. Social desirability was assessed using the Balanced Inventory
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Assessing the potential for healthier consumer food substitutions in Canada: population-level differences in dietary intakes of whole grains, refined grains, red meats, and legumes Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Gabriella Luongo, Emily Jago, Catherine L. Mah
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The potential for healthier consumer food substitutions is an important factor in the study of food environments, dietary choices, and population nutrition promotion. The burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases is unevenly distributed across Canada and variation in the food environment sub-nationally may be an important explanation
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Associations between cooking skills, cooking with processed foods, and health: a cross-sectional study Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Melissa A. Fernandez, Katerina Maximova, Jayne A. Fulkerson, Kim D. Raine
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. To improve health outcomes, home cooking has been suggested as a solution to reduce intakes of processed foods. However, little is known about how cooking skills or cooking with processed foods influence health. This cross-sectional study examined associations between diet and health outcomes with cooking skills and cooking with processed
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Whole-protein enteral nutrition formula supplementation reduces Escherichia and improves intestinal barrier function in HIV-infected immunological nonresponders Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Danfeng Lu, Yue-Xin Wang, Shi-Tao Geng, Zunyue Zhang, Yu Xu, Qing-Yan Peng, Shao-You Li, Jian-Bo Zhang, Kun-Hua Wang, Yi-Qun Kuang
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) have persistent malnutrition, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbial imbalance. The interplay between gut microbiota and nutrients is involved in the immune reconstitution of PLWH. To evaluate the effects of whole-protein enteral nutrition formula supplementation on T-cell
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Updating the Foodbot Factory serious game with new interactive engaging features and enhanced educational content Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Beatriz Franco-Arellano, Jacqueline Marie Brown, Quinn Daggett, Courtney Lockhart, Bill Kapralos, Ann LeSage, JoAnne Arcand
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Serious games (i.e., digital games designed for educational purposes) can foster positive learning attitudes and are increasingly used as educational tools. Foodbot Factory is a serious game application (app) that helps children learn about healthy eating based on Canada’s Food Guide principles and has demonstrated to increase nutrition
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Neuromechanical characterization of the abductor hallucis and its potential role in upright postural control Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Tushar Sharma, Paige V. Copeland, Mathew I.B. Debenham, Leah R. Bent, Brian H. Dalton
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. There is growing evidence to support a role for the abductor hallucis (AH) in standing balance control; however, functional properties of the muscle that may provide more insight into AH's specific contribution to upright posture have yet to be characterized. This study was conducted to quantify functional neuromechanical properties of
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Maternal folic acid supplementation does not impact skeletal muscle function and metabolism in male and female CD-1 mouse offspring Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Caitlin Saint, William Gittings, Jordan Bunda, Cameron Giles, Sandra M. Sacco, Rene Vandenboom, Wendy E. Ward, Paul J. LeBlanc
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Folic acid fortification of all white flour, enriched pasta, and cornmeal products became mandatory in Canada to reduce risk of neural tube defects at birth. Furthermore, Health Canada and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada recommend women take daily prenatal folic acid supplements in addition to folic acid fortified
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Actovegin improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and functional aerobic capacity in a type 1 diabetic male murine model Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Brandon Kosik, Steen Larsen, Andreas Bergdahl
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes (T1D) leads to an impairment of glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function. Actovegin is a hemodialysate of calf blood, which has been shown to enhance glucose uptake and cell metabolism in healthy human skeletal muscle. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of Actovegin on skeletal
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Consumption of sucralose- and acesulfame-potassium-containing diet soda alters the relative abundance of microbial taxa at the species level: findings of two pilot studies Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Allison C. Sylvetsky, Rebecca A. Clement, Nathaniel Stearrett, Najy T. Issa, Fiona J. Dore, Raja Mazumder, Charles Hadley King, Monica J. Hubal, Peter J. Walter, Hongyi Cai, Sabyasachi Sen, Kristina I. Rother, Keith A. Crandall
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Sucralose and acesulfame-potassium consumption alters gut microbiota in rodents, with unclear effects in humans. We examined effects of three-times daily sucralose- and acesulfame-potassium-containing diet soda consumption for 1 (n = 17) or 8 (n = 8) weeks on gut microbiota composition in young adults. After 8 weeks of diet soda consumption
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Measurements of in vivo skeletal muscle oxidative capacity are lower following sustained isometric compared with dynamic contractions Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Miles F. Bartlett, Liam F. Fitzgerald, Rajakumar Nagarajan, Jane A. Kent
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Human skeletal muscle oxidative capacity can be quantified non-invasively using 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) to measure the rate constant of phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery (kPCr) following contractions. In the quadricep muscles, several studies have quantified kPCr following 24–30 s of sustained maximal voluntary
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Low micronutrient intake in nursing home residents, a cross-sectional study Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 J.W. Borkent, M. Manders, A. Nijhof, E. Naumann, E.J.M. Feskens, M.A.E. de van der Schueren
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Low intake of micronutrients is associated with health-related problems in nursing home residents. As their food intake is generally low, it is expected that their micronutrient intake will be low as well. The nutrient intake of 189 residents (mean age 85.0 years (SD: 7.4)) in five different Dutch nursing homes was measured based on 3-day
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Families’ perception of proposed nutrition screening on admission to pediatric hospitals: a qualitative analysis Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Sarah Kocel, Laura E. Carter, Marlis Atkins
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Nutrition screening is the first step in most acute care pediatric nutrition care pathways. However, there is a lack of understanding of patient and families’ perception of nutrition screening in pediatric populations. The objective of this study was to explore the potential perceptions, feelings, and opinions of families if pediatric nutrition
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High-intensity interval training attenuates impairment in regulatory protein machinery of mitochondrial quality control in skeletal muscle of diet-induced obese mice Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 James B. Tincknell, Benjamin A. Kugler, Haley Spicuzza, Nicolas Berger, Huimin Yan, Tongjian You, Kai Zou
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Mitochondrial quality control processes are essential in governing mitochondrial integrity and function. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the regulatory protein machinery of skeletal muscle mitochondrial quality control and whole-body glucose homeostasis in diet-induced
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Dysanapsis is not associated with exertional dyspnoea in healthy male and female never-smokers aged 40 years and older Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Yannick Molgat-Seon, Mathieu A.T. Sawatzky, Paolo B. Dominelli, Miranda Kirby, Jordan A. Guenette, Jean Bourbeau, Wan C. Tan, A. William Sheel
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. In healthy adults, airway-to-lung (i.e., dysanapsis) ratio is lower and dyspnoea during exercise at a given minute ventilation (V̇E) is higher in females than in males. We investigated the relationship between dysanapsis and sex on exertional dyspnoea in healthy adults. We hypothesized that females would have a smaller airway-to-lung ratio
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Does probiotic ingestion reduce the risk of preeclampsia? A systematic review Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Nayara Valiati, Esthela M. Puel, Cristine M. Stefani, Renata M. Lataro
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We aimed to systematically review the literature on the effects of probiotic consumption on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) development. Eight databases, clinical trial registries, and grey literature were searched until February 2022. Studies were included if they (1) were randomized clinical trials (RCTs), (2) included pregnant women aged ≥ 18
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Disordered eating is not associated with musculoskeletal injury in university athletes Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 S. O'Connell, I. Brenner, J.L. Scheid, S.L. West
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Athletes have a greater risk of developing disordered eating (DE) behaviours than non-athletes. Literature suggests that DE is associated with injury in female athletes; however, these associations are understudied in both female and male athletes. Our objective was to examine the association between DE and injuries in varsity athletes
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Effect of physical exercise on the functional capacity of patients with liver cirrhosis: systematic review with meta-analysis Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Fabiana C.C.R. Corrêa, Gabriela C.C.R. Corrêa, Elirez B. Silva
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. In this paper, we verify the effect of physical exercise on the functional capacity of people diagnosed with liver cirrhosis (LC). Inclusion criteria were people with LC, at any stage of the disease, over 18 years of age, of either sex, who performed any type of physical exercise in comparison with any other intervention or no intervention
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The combined treatment of insulin and naringin improves bone properties in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Valeria A. Rodríguez, Gabriela Picotto, María A. Rivoira, Alfredo Rigalli, Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We have studied the effects of individual and combined treatment of insulin (I) and naringin (NAR) on the bone structure and biomechanical properties of femurs from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (1) controls, (2) STZ-induced diabetic rats, (3) STZ-induced diabetic rats treated
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Hamstring stiffness and injury risk factors during the handball season in female players Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Danguole Satkunskiene, Antanas Skarbalius, Audinga Kniubaite, Mantas Mickevicius, Audrius Snieckus, Saulius Rutkauskas, Sigitas Kamandulis
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Monitoring the muscle mechanical properties and functions of female athletes throughout their training season is relevant to understand the relationships between these factors and to predict noncontact injuries, which are prevalent among female athletes. The first aim of this study was to determine whether female handball players’ passive
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Social determinants of long-term reported changes in physical activity and healthy eating during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: multiple cross-sectional surveys analysis from the iCARE study Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Sarah O'Connor, Ariane Bélanger-Gravel
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The long-term consequences of COVID-19 on healthy behaviours (physical activity practice and healthy eating) among Canadians remain largely unexplored. The objectives were (i) to describe the proportion of Canadians who reported a change in healthy behaviours, 9 and 20 months since the beginning of COVID-19; and (ii) to identify the social