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Biological motion perception in the theoretical framework of perceptual decision-making: An event-related potential study Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Osman Cagri Oguz, Berfin Aydin, Burcu A. Urgen
Biological motion perception plays a critical role in various decisions in daily life. Failure to decide accordingly in such a perceptual task could have life-threatening consequences. Neurophysiology and computational modeling studies suggest two processes mediating perceptual decision-making. One of these signals is associated with the accumulation of sensory evidence and the other with response
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Retinal response to light exposure in BEST1-mutant dogs evaluated with ultra-high resolution OCT Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Vivian Wu, Malgorzata Swider, Alexander Sumaroka, Valerie L. Dufour, Joseph E. Vance, Tomas S. Aleman, Gustavo D. Aguirre, William A. Beltran, Artur V. Cideciyan
Mutations in cause an autosomal recessive disease in dogs where the earliest changes localize to the photoreceptor-RPE interface and show a retina-wide micro-detachment that is modulated by light exposure. The purpose of this study was to define the spatial and temporal details of the outer retina and its response to light with ultra-high resolution OCT across a range of ages and with different mutations
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Are ipRGCs involved in human color vision? Hints from physiology, psychophysics, and natural image statistics Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Pablo A. Barrionuevo, María L. Sandoval Salinas, José M. Fanchini
Human photoreceptors consist of cones, rods, and melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). First studied in circadian regulation and pupillary control, ipRGCs project to a variety of brain centers suggesting a broader involvement beyond non-visual functions. IpRGC responses are stable, long-lasting, and with a particular codification of photoreceptor signals
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Visual shape discrimination in goldfish, modelled with the neural circuitry of optic tectum and torus longitudinalis Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 D.P.M. Northmore
[Display omitted]
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Secondary not subordinate: Opsin localization suggests possibility for color sensitivity in salticid secondary eyes Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Mireille Steck, Sophia J. Hanscom, Tom Iwanicki, Jenny Y. Sung, David Outomuro, Nathan I. Morehouse, Megan L. Porter
The principal eyes of jumping spiders (Salticidae) integrate a dual-lens system, a tiered retinal matrix with multiple photoreceptor classes and muscular control of retinal movements to form high resolution images, extract color information, and dynamically evaluate visual scenes. While much work has been done to characterize these more complex principal anterior eyes, little work has investigated
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Trichotomy revisited: A monolithic theory of attentional control Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Brian A. Anderson
The control of attention was long held to reflect the influence of two competing mechanisms of assigning priority, one goal-directed and the other stimulus-driven. Learning-dependent influences on the control of attention that could not be attributed to either of those two established mechanisms of control gave rise to the concept of selection history and a corresponding third mechanism of attentional
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Perception of complex Glass patterns through spatial summation across unique frames Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Marco Roccato, Gianluca Campana, Michele Vicovaro, Rita Donato, Andrea Pavan
When processing visual information from the surroundings, human vision depends on the constant integration of form and motion cues. Dynamic Glass patterns (GPs) may be used to study how such visual integration occurs in the human visual system. Dynamic GPs are visual stimuli composed of two or more unique frames consisting of different configurations of dot pairs, called dipoles, presented in rapid
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Rapid color categorization revealed by frequency-tagging-based EEG Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Mengdan Sun, Xiaoqing Gao
There has been much debate on whether color categories affect how we perceive color. Recent theories have put emphasis on the role of top-down influence on color perception that the original continuous color space in the visual cortex may be transformed into categorical encoding due to top-down modulation. To test the influence of color categories on color perception, we adopted an RSVP paradigm, where
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Motion-induced blindness as a noisy excitable system Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Mikhail Katkov, Alexander Cooperman, Noya Meital-Kfir, Dov Sagi
Perceptual disappearance of a salient target induced by a moving texture mask (MIB: Motion-Induced Blindness) is a striking effect, currently poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether the dynamics of MIB qualify as an excitable system. Excitable systems exhibit fast switches from one state to another (e.g., visible/invisible) induced by an above-threshold perturbation and stimulus-independent
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Does crowding predict conjunction search? An individual differences approach Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Inês S. Veríssimo, Zachary Nudelman, Christian N.L. Olivers
Searching for objects in the visual environment is an integral part of human behavior. Most of the information used during such visual search comes from the periphery of our vision, and understanding the basic mechanisms of search therefore requires taking into account the inherent limitations of peripheral vision. Our previous work using an individual differences approach has shown that one of the
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Don’t look now! Social elements are harder to avoid during scene viewing Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 A.P. Martinez-Cedillo, T. Foulsham
Regions of social importance (i.e., other people) attract attention in real world scenes, but it is unclear how automatic this bias is and how it might interact with other guidance factors. To investigate this, we recorded eye movements while participants were explicitly instructed to avoid looking at one of two objects in a scene (either a person or a non-social object). The results showed that, while
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Contribution of internal noise and calculation efficiency to face discrimination deficits in older adults Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Sarah E. Creighton, Patrick J. Bennett, Allison B. Sekuler
Classification images (CIs) measured in a face discrimination task differ significantly between older and younger observers. These age differences are consistent with the hypothesis that older adults sample diagnostic face information less efficiently, or have higher levels of internal noise, compared to younger adults. The current experiments assessed the relative contributions of efficiency and internal
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Foveal crowding for large and small Landolt Cs: Similarity and Attention Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 V.M. Bondarko, V.N. Chikhman, M.V. Danilova, S.D. Solnushkin
We compare the recognition of foveal crowded Landolt Cs of two sizes: brief (40 ms), large, low-contrast Cs and high-contrast (1 sec) tests at the resolution limit of the visual system. In different series, the test Landolt C was surrounded by two identical distractors located symmetrically along the horizontal or by a single distractor. The distractors were Landolt Cs or rings. At the resolution limit
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Precision in spatial working memory examined with mouse pointing Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Siobhan M. McAteer, Anthony McGregor, Daniel T. Smith
The capacity of visuospatial working memory (VSWM) is limited. However, there is continued debate surrounding the nature of this capacity limitation. The resource model (Bays et al., 2009) proposes that VSWM capacity is limited by the precision with which visuospatial features can be retained. In one of the few studies of spatial working memory, Schneegans and Bays (2016) report that memory guided
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Monocular and binocular mechanisms detect modulations of dot density and dot contrast Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-25 Kristina Zeljic, Michael J. Morgan, Joshua A. Solomon
Strong reciprocity has been demonstrated between (1) spatial modulations of dot density and modulations of dot luminance, and (2) modulations of dot density and modulations of dot contrast, in textures. The latter are much easier to detect when presented in phase with one another than when presented 180° out of phase, although out-of-phase modulations can also be detected given sufficient amplitude
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A CODE model bridging crowding in sparse and dense displays Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-23 Erik Van der Burg, John Cass, Christian N.L. Olivers
Visual crowding is arguably the strongest limitation imposed on extrafoveal vision, and is a relatively well-understood phenomenon. However, most investigations and theories are based on sparse displays consisting of a target and at most a handful of flanker objects. Recent findings suggest that the laws thought to govern crowding may not hold for densely cluttered displays, and that grouping and nearest
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Weak correlations between visual abilities in healthy older adults, despite long-term performance stability Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-23 Simona Garobbio, Marina Kunchulia, Michael H. Herzog
Using batteries of visual tests, most studies have found that there are only weak correlations between the performance levels of the tests. Factor analysis has confirmed these results. This means that a participant excelling in one test may rank low in another test. Hence, there is very little evidence for a common factor in vision. In visual aging research, cross-sectional studies have repeatedly
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Sound reduces saccadic chronostasis illusion Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-17 Mengdie Zhai, Hongxiao Wu, Yajie Wang, Yu Liao, Wenfeng Feng
The saccadic chronostasis illusion refers to the duration overestimation of the first visual stimulation after saccadic eye movement, which is also known as “stopped clock illusion.” The present study investigated whether saccadic chronostasis would be observed in the auditory modality and whether the saccade-induced time dilation in the visual modality would be reduced by a synchronously presented
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The effect of topical 1 % atropine on ocular dimensions and diurnal rhythms of the human eye Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Nickolai G. Nilsen, Stuart J. Gilson, Hilde R. Pedersen, Lene A. Hagen, Christine F. Wildsoet, Rigmor C. Baraas
The effect of topical 1 % atropine on the diurnal rhythms of the human eye was investigated. Participants wore an activity monitor on Days 1–7. A set of measures (epochs) encompassing intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular biometry, and retinal imaging were obtained on Day 7 (baseline), followed by eight epochs on Day 8, and one on Day 9 from both eyes of healthy participants (n = 22, 19–25 years). The
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Saccadic re-referencing training with gaze-contingent FRL-'fixation': Effects of scotoma type and size adaptation Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Natalia Melnik, Stefan Pollmann
Foveal vision loss makes the fovea as saccadic reference point maladaptive. Training programs have been proposed that shift the saccadic reference point from the fovea to an extrafoveal location, just outside the area of vision loss. We used a visual search task to train normal-sighted participants to fixate target items with a predetermined 'forced retinal location' (FRL) adjacent to a simulated central
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Mapping the daily rhythmic transcriptome in the diabetic retina Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Ryan P. Silk, Hanagh R. Winter, Ouria Dkhissi-Benyahya, Carmella Evans-Molina, Alan W. Stitt, Vijay K. Tiwari, David A. Simpson, Eleni Beli
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Alterations to foveal crowding with microsaccade preparation Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Krishnamachari S. Prahalad, Daniel R. Coates
Visual stimuli presented around the time of a saccade have been shown to be perceived differently by the visual system, including a reduction in the harmful impact of flankers (crowding). However, whether the effects observed are due strictly to crowding remains controversial, and the effects have only been measured with large saccades in peripheral vision. Here we investigate how crowded stimuli placed
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Success rates, near-response patterns, and learning trends with free-fusion stereograms Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Chandrika Ravisankar, Christopher W. Tyler, Clifton M. Schor, Shrikant R. Bharadwaj
Free-fusion stereograms are routinely used for demonstrating various stereoscopic effects. Yet, untrained observers find it challenging to perform this task. This study showed that only less than 1/3rd of sixty-one pre-presbyopic adults with normal binocular vision could successfully free-fuse random-dot image pairs and identify the stereoscopic shapes embedded in these patterns. Another one-third
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Neural processing of bottom-up perception of biological motion under attentional load Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-04 Hilal Nizamoglu, Burcu A. Urgen
Considering its importance for one’s survival and social significance, biological motion (BM) perception is assumed to occur automatically. Previous behavioral results showed that task-irrelevant BM in the periphery interfered with task performance at the fovea. Under selective attention, BM perception is supported by a network of regions including the occipito-temporal (OTC), parietal, and premotor
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The role of facial skin tone and texture in the perception of age Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-30 Julio González-Alvarez, Rosa Sos-Peña
Age and gender perception from looking at people’s faces, without any cultural or conventional cues, is primarily based on two independent components: a) the shape or facial structure, and b) surface reflectance (skin tone and texture, STT). This study examined the relative contribution of facial STT to the perception of age. A total of 204 subjects participated in four experiments presenting artificial
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Informational feedback accelerates learning in multi-alternative perceptual judgements of orientation Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Jiajuan Liu, Zhong-Lin Lu, Barbara Dosher
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Gene therapy and therapeutic editing with outer or inner retina animal models Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Wolfgang Baehr, Stephen H. Tsang
Abstract not available
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Unleashing the potential of CRISPR multiplexing: Harnessing Cas12 and Cas13 for precise gene modulation in eye diseases Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-16 Fabio Bigini, Soo Hyeon Lee, Young Joo Sun, Yang Sun, Vinit B. Mahajan
Gene therapy is a flourishing field with the potential to revolutionize the treatment of genetic diseases. The emergence of CRISPR-Cas9 has significantly advanced targeted and efficient genome editing. Although CRISPR-Cas9 has demonstrated promising potential applications in various genetic disorders, it faces limitations in simultaneously targeting multiple genes. Novel CRISPR systems, such as Cas12
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Deer management influences perception of avian plumage in temperate deciduous forests Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Timothy J. Boycott, Morgan G. Sherrard, Megan D. Gall, Kelly L. Ronald
Many animals use visual signals to communicate; birds use colorful plumage to attract mates and repel intruders. Visual signal conspicuousness is influenced by the lighting environment, which can be altered by human-induced changes. For example, deer-management efforts can affect vegetation structure and light availability. Whether these changes alter animal communication is still unknown. We investigated
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PRPF31-retinitis pigmentosa: Challenges and opportunities for clinical translation Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Hamzah Aweidah, Zhouhuan Xi, José-Alain Sahel, Leah C. Byrne
Mutations in pre-mRNA processing factor 31 cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (PRPF31-RP), for which there is currently no efficient treatment, making this disease a prime target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. PRPF31-RP exhibits incomplete penetrance due to haploinsufficiency, in which reduced levels of gene expression from the mutated allele result in disease. A variety
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Attentional priming in Go No-Go search tasks Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Árni Kristjánsson, Tómas Kristjánsson
Go/No-Go responses in visual search yield different estimates of the operation of visual attention than more standard present versus absent tasks. Such minor methodological tweaks have a surprisingly large effect on measures that have, for the last half-century or so, formed the backbone of prominent theories of visual attention. Secondly, priming effects in visual search have a dominating influence
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Dynamic modeling of Haidinger's brush phenomenon and analysis of the cornea effect based on the model Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Zhuo Chen, Kewei Mo, Shaoduan Ou
Starting from the dynamic feature of the vision process and taking into account the time constants of the polarization-dependent process of cones, this study proposed a physical model that can mathematically describe the transient nature of Haidinger’s brushes (HB). A saturated exponential growth function was proposed to describe the dynamic process, and the corresponding formulas were derived and
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Twenty-four hour diurnal variation in retinal oxygen saturation Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Rachel C. Williams, Wendy W. Harrison, Andrew Carkeet, Lisa A. Ostrin
Retinal oxygen saturation is influenced by systemic and local vasculature, intraocular pressure (IOP), and individual cellular function. In numerous retinal pathologies, early changes take place at the level of the microvasculature, thereby affecting retinal oxygenation. The purpose of this study was to investigate diurnal variations in retinal oximetry measures and evaluate the relationship with other
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Impact of monocular vs. binocular contrast and blur on the range of functional stereopsis Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Wei Hau Lew, Daniel R. Coates
Stereopsis depends on the smallest stereo threshold (lower limit) and the upper fusion limit. While studies have shown that the lower limit worsens with reduced contrast and blur, more strongly in monocular than in binocular conditions, the effect on the upper limit remains uncertain. Here, we assess the impact of contrast and blur on the range of the disparity sensitivity function (DSF) in a stereo
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Expression of two major isoforms of MYO7A in the retina: Considerations for gene therapy of Usher syndrome type 1B Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-15 W. Blake Gilmore, Nan W. Hultgren, Abhishek Chadha, Sonia B. Barocio, Joyce Zhang, Oksana Kutsyr, Miguel Flores-Bellver, M. Valeria Canto-Soler, David S. Williams
Usher syndrome type 1B (USH1B) is a deaf-blindness disorder, caused by mutations in the MYO7A gene, which encodes the heavy chain of an unconventional actin-based motor protein. Here, we examined the two retinal isoforms of MYO7A, IF1 and IF2. We compared 3D models of the two isoforms and noted that the 38-amino acid region that is present in IF1 but absent from IF2 affects the C lobe of the FERM1
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Suprathreshold contrast perception of resolvable high spatial frequencies remain intact in keratoconus Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-13 Preetam Kumar, Pravin Krishna Vaddavalli, Peter Campbell, Christopher C. Hull, Shrikant R. Bharadwaj
Contrast detection thresholds are elevated with optical quality loss in keratoconus. This study hypothesized that suprathreshold contrast perception is also impaired in keratoconus, with the impairment being predictable from the pattern of loss in threshold-level performance. Contrast detection thresholds were determined across a range of spatial frequencies in 12 cases with mild to severe keratoconus
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Discrimination of facial identity based on simple contrast patterns generated by shading and shadows Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Lindsay M. Peterson, Tirta Susilo, Colin W.G. Clifford, Colin J. Palmer
The pattern of shadows and shading across a face is determined partly by face shape and may therefore provide a cue for facial recognition. In this study, we measured the ability of human observers to discriminate facial identity based simply on the coarse pattern of contrast produced by the interaction between facial geometry and lighting direction. We used highly realistic 3D models of human heads
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A narrow band of image dimensions is critical for face recognition Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-30 Timothy J. Andrews, Daniel Rogers, Mila Mileva, David M. Watson, Ao Wang, A. Mike Burton
A key challenge in human and computer face recognition is to differentiate information that is diagnostic for identity from other sources of image variation. Here, we used a combined computational and behavioural approach to reveal critical image dimensions for face recognition. Behavioural data were collected using a sorting and matching task with unfamiliar faces and a recognition task with familiar
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Crowding expands and is less sensitive to target-flanker differences during a shift of visual attention Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Jeff Nador, Adam Reeves
Target-flanker similarity and critical spacing control visual crowding when attention is pre-allocated, but these have not been studied when attention shifts. Flanked target Gabors appeared 8° left and right of central fixation throughout each 1.5 s trial. Subjects reported target Gabor tilt. In Expt. 1, target blinks increased accuracy, and flanker blinks decreased it, but only when attention shifted
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Eye movements in visual impairment Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-26 Preeti Verghese, Marcus Nyström, Tom Foulsham, Paul V. McGraw
This Special Issue describes the impact of visual impairment on visuomotor function. It includes contributions that examine gaze control in conditions associated with abnormal visual development such as amblyopia, dyslexia and neurofibromatosis as well as disorders associated with field loss later in life, such as macular degeneration and stroke. Specifically, the papers address both gaze holding (fixation)
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In memoriam – Obituary: Nigel Warwick Daw − 1933–2022 Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-23 Edward Famiglietti, Kevin Fox, Michael Stryker
Abstract not available
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Fine-scale measurement of the blind spot borders Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-14
The blind spot is both a necessity and a nuisance for seeing. It is the portion of the visual field projecting to where the optic nerve crosses the retina, a region devoid of photoreceptors and hence visual input. The precise way in which vision transitions into blindness at the blind spot border is to date unknown. A chief challenge to map this transition is the incessant movement of the eye, which
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What surprises the Mona Lisa? The relative importance of the eyes and eyebrows for detecting surprise in briefly presented face stimuli Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Emil Skog, C. Stella Qian, Anisha Parmar, Andrew J. Schofield
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Monocular information for perceiving large egocentric distance: A comparison between monocularly blind patients and normally sighted observers Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-07 Le Gao, Yiru Huang, Yuning Zhang, Xinyi Zhang, Zitian Liu, Jing S. Pan, Minbin Yu
The debate surrounding the advantages of binocular versus monocular vision has persisted for decades. This study aimed to investigate whether individuals with monocular vision loss could accurately and precisely perceive large egocentric distances in real-world environments, under natural viewing conditions, comparable to those with normal vision. A total of 49 participants took part in the study,
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Detection of emotional faces: The role of spatial frequencies and local features Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Léa Entzmann, Nathalie Guyader, Louise Kauffmann, Carole Peyrin, Martial Mermillod
Models of emotion processing suggest that threat-related stimuli such as fearful faces can be detected based on the rapid extraction of low spatial frequencies. However, this remains debated as other models argue that the decoding of facial expressions occurs with a more flexible use of spatial frequencies. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of spatial frequencies and differences in
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Numerosity depends on normalized contrast energy: Review and square-root law model Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Quan Lei, Adam Reeves
The perceived numerosity of many randomly-located items of fixed contrast depends on the integrated contrast energy (CE) of the display. We show here that a model based on √(CE), normalized by contrast amplitude, can fit numerosity judgment data in various tasks and over a wide range of numerosities. The model shows that judged numerosity increases linearly with √(N), where N is the number of displayed
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An eye for detail: Eye movements and attention at the foveal scale Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-27 Martina Poletti
Human vision relies on a tiny region of the retina, the 1-deg foveola, to achieve high spatial resolution. Foveal vision is of paramount importance in daily activities, yet its study is challenging, as eye movements incessantly displace stimuli across this region. Here I will review work that, building on recent advances in eye-tracking and gaze-contingent display, examines how attention and eye movements
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Looking away to see: The acquisition of a search habit away from the saccade direction Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-23 Chen Chen, Vanessa G. Lee
Growing evidence has shown that attention can be habit-like, unconsciously and persistently directed toward locations that have frequently contained search targets in the past. The attentional preference typically arises when the eye gaze aligns with the attended location. Here we tested whether this spatial alignment is necessary for the acquisition of a search habit. To divert eye movements away
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The duration effect of short-term monocular deprivation measured by binocular rivalry and binocular combination Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-21 Antoine Prosper, Martina Pasqualetti, Maria Concetta Morrone, Claudia Lunghi
The ocular dominance shift observed after short-term monocular deprivation is a widely used measure of visual homeostatic plasticity in adult humans. Binocular rivalry and binocular combination techniques are used interchangeably to characterize homeostatic plasticity, sometimes leading to contradictory results. Here we directly compare the effect of short-term monocular deprivation on ocular dominance
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Targeted reaching with monocular depth information and haptic feedback: Comparing between monocular patients and normally sighted observers Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-19 Le Gao, Zitian Liu, Zidong Chen, Jing S. Pan, Minbin Yu
Monocular blindness impairs visual depth perception, yet patients seldom report difficulties in targeted actions like reaching, walking, or driving. We hypothesized that by utilizing monocular depth information and calibrating actions with haptic feedback, monocular patients can perceive egocentric distance and perform targeted actions. We compared targeted reaching in monocular patients, monocular-viewing
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Gene therapy for RAB28: What can we learn from zebrafish? Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Ailis L. Moran, John D. Fehilly, Oliver Blacque, Breandán N. Kennedy
The eye is particularly suited to gene therapy due to its accessibility, immunoprivileged state and compartmentalised structure. Indeed, many clinical trials are underway for therapeutic gene strategies for inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs). However, as there are currently 281 genes associated with IRD, there is still a large unmet need for effective therapies for the majority of IRD-causing genes
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Retinal organoid and gene editing for basic and translational research Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-10 You-Min Cheng, Chao Ma, Kangxin Jin, Zi-Bing Jin
The rapid evolution of two technologies has greatly transformed the basic, translational, and clinical research in the mammalian retina. One is the retinal organoid (RO) technology. Various induction methods have been created or adapted to generate species-specific, disease-specific, and experimental-targeted retinal organoids (ROs). The process of generating ROs can highly mimic the in vivo retinal
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Microglial and macroglial dynamics in a model of retinitis pigmentosa Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-07 Nundehui Díaz-Lezama, Jacqueline Kajtna, Jiou Wu, Monika Ayten, Susanne F. Koch
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Utilization of the retinal organoid model to evaluate the feasibility of genetic strategies to ameliorate retinal disease(s) Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Ryan A. Kelley, Zhijian Wu
Organoid models have quickly become a popular research tool to evaluate novel therapeutics on 3-D recapitulated tissue. This has enabled researchers to use physiologically relevant human tissue in vitro to augment the standard use of immortalized cells and animal models. Organoids can also provide a model when an engineered animal cannot recreate a specific disease phenotype. In particular, the retinal
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Using high-density perimetry to explore new approaches for characterizing visual field defects Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 I. Marín-Franch, H.J. Wyatt, W.H. Swanson
High-density threshold perimetry has found that conventional static threshold perimetry misses defects due to undersampling. However, high-density testing can be both slow and limited by normal fixational eye movements. We explored alternatives by studying displays of high-density perimetry results for angioscotomas in healthy eyes—areas of reduced sensitivity in the shadows of blood vessels. The right
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Amblyopic stereo vision is efficient but noisy Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Sara Alarcon Carrillo, Robert F. Hess, Yu Mao, Jiawei Zhou, Alex S. Baldwin
People with amblyopia demonstrate a reduced ability to judge depth using stereopsis. Our understanding of this deficit is limited, as standard clinical stereo tests may not be suited to give a quantitative account of the residual stereo ability in amblyopia. In this study we used a stereo test designed specifically for that purpose. Participants identified the location of a disparity-defined odd-one-out
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Eye movements are made to the centre of gravity of texture-defined targets Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-03 Shumetha K. Sidhu, Harriet A. Allen, David R.T. Keeble
Saccadic localisation of targets of various properties has been extensively studied, but rarely for texture-defined figures. In this paper, three experiments that investigate the way information from a texture target is processed in order to provide a signal for eye movement control are presented. Participants made saccades to target regions embedded in a background structure, and the saccade landing
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Perceptual grouping strategies and texture segmentation: Strategic connections and selection Vision Res. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-02 Maria Kon, Gregory Francis
In a series of articles, Jacob Beck proposed that a variety of texture segmentation phenomena occurs due to emergent features that arise from “links” between elements with appropriate local properties, such as alignment, orientation, and proximity. His findings and ideas guided theoretical and computational models, and some of his demonstrations became textbook knowledge about visual perception. We