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Mathematical modeling of combined therapies for treating tumor drug resistance Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Kangbo Bao, Guizhen Liang, Tianhai Tian, Xinan Zhang
Drug resistance is one of the most intractable issues to the targeted therapy for cancer diseases. To explore effective combination therapy schemes, we propose a mathematical model to study the effects of different treatment schemes on the dynamics of cancer cells. Then we characterize the dynamical behavior of the model by finding the equilibrium points and exploring their local stability. Lyapunov
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Structural instability and linear allocation control in generalized models of substance use disorder Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Leigh B. Pearcy, Suzanne Lenhart, W. Christopher Strickland
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a complex disease involving nontrivial biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors. While many mathematical studies have proposed compartmental models for SUD, almost all of these exclusively model new cases as the result of an infectious process, neglecting any SUD that was primarily developed in social isolation. While these decisions were likely made
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Selected aspects of avascular tumor growth reproduced by a hybrid model of cell dynamics and chemical kinetics Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Marco Scianna
We here propose a hybrid computational framework to reproduce and analyze aspects of the avascular progression of a generic solid tumor. Our method first employs an individual-based approach to represent the population of tumor cells, which are distinguished in viable and necrotic agents. The active part of the disease is in turn differentiated according to a set of metabolic states. We then describe
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About contamination by sterile females and residual male fertility on the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique. Impact on disease vector control and disease control Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Y. Dumont, I.V. Yatat-Djeumen
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Quantifying collective motion patterns in mesenchymal cell populations using topological data analysis and agent-based modeling Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Kyle C. Nguyen, Carter D. Jameson, Scott A. Baldwin, John T. Nardini, Ralph C. Smith, Jason M. Haugh, Kevin B. Flores
Fibroblasts in a confluent monolayer are known to adopt elongated morphologies in which cells are oriented parallel to their neighbors. We collected and analyzed new microscopy movies to show that confluent fibroblasts are motile and that neighboring cells often move in anti-parallel directions in a collective motion phenomenon we refer to as “fluidization” of the cell population. We used machine learning
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Effects of bursty synthesis in organelle biogenesis Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Binayak Banerjee, Dipjyoti Das
A fundamental question of cell biology is how cells control the number of organelles. The processes of organelle biogenesis, namely synthesis, fission, fusion, and decay, are inherently stochastic, producing cell-to-cell variability in organelle abundance. In addition, experiments suggest that the synthesis of some organelles can be bursty. We thus ask how bursty synthesis impacts intracellular organelle
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Food-limited plant–herbivore model: Bifurcations, persistence, and stability Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 E. Bešo, S. Kalabušić, E. Pilav
This research paper delves into the two-dimensional discrete plant-herbivore model. In this model, herbivores are food-limited and affect the plants’ density in their environment. Our analysis reveals that this system has equilibrium points of extinction, exclusion, and coexistence. We analyze the behavior of solutions near these points and prove that the extinction and exclusion equilibrium points
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Dynamic behaviors of a stochastic virus infection model with Beddington–DeAngelis incidence function, eclipse-stage and Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Yuncong Liu, Yan Wang, Daqing Jiang
In this paper, we present a virus infection model that incorporates eclipse-stage and Beddington–DeAngelis function, along with perturbation in infection rate using logarithmic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Rigorous analysis demonstrates that the stochastic model has a unique global solution. Through construction of appropriate Lyapunov functions and a compact set, combined with the strong law of numbers
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Delay epidemic models determined by latency, infection, and immunity duration Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-03 Masoud Saade, Samiran Ghosh, Malay Banerjee, Vitaly Volpert
We propose new single and two-strain epidemic models represented by systems of delay differential equations and based on the number of newly exposed individuals. Transitions between exposed, infectious, recovered, and back to susceptible compartments are determined by the corresponding time delays. Existence and positiveness of solutions are proved. Reduction of delay differential equations to integral
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The impact of water storage capacity on plant dynamics in arid environments: A stoichiometric modeling approach Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Cuihua Wang, Sanling Yuan, Hao Wang
Plants in arid environments have evolved many strategies to resist drought. Among them, the developed water storage tissue is an essential characteristic of xerophytes. To clarify the role of water storage capacity in plant performance, we originally formulate a stoichiometric model to describe the interaction between plants and water with explicit water storage. Via an ecological reproductive index
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The impact of radio-chemotherapy on tumour cells interaction with optimal control and sensitivity analysis Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Arjun Kumar, Uma S. Dubey, Balram Dubey
Oncologists and applied mathematicians are interested in understanding the dynamics of cancer-immune interactions, mainly due to the unpredictable nature of tumour cell proliferation. In this regard, mathematical modelling offers a promising approach to comprehend this potentially harmful aspect of cancer biology. This paper presents a novel dynamical model that incorporates the interactions between
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Virus-mediated cell fusion of SARS-CoV-2 variants Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Ava Amidei, Hana M. Dobrovolny
SARS-CoV-2 has the ability to form large multi-nucleated cells known as syncytia. Little is known about how syncytia affect the dynamics of the infection or severity of the disease. In this manuscript, we extend a mathematical model of cell–cell fusion assays to estimate both the syncytia formation rate and the average duration of the fusion phase for five strains of SARS-CoV-2. We find that the original
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Safe optimal control of cancer using a Control Barrier Function technique Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Zahra Ahmadi, Abolhassan Razminia
This paper addresses the problem of designing a safe and optimal control strategy for typical cancer using the Control Barrier Function (CBF) technique. Cancer is a complex and highly dynamic disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. By formulating the cancer dynamics as a control system, this study introduces a CBF-based controller that guides the cancerous tissue towards
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Dynamics aspects and bifurcations of a tumor-immune system interaction under stationary immunotherapy Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Gladis Torres-Espino, Claudio Vidal
We consider a three-dimensional mathematical model that describes the interaction between the effector cells, tumor cells, and the cytokine (IL-2) of a patient. This is called the Kirschner–Panetta model. Our objective is to explain the tumor oscillations in tumor sizes as well as long-term tumor relapse. We then explore the effects of adoptive cellular immunotherapy on the model and describe under
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Partial mean-field model for neurotransmission dynamics Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Alberto Montefusco, Luzie Helfmann, Toluwani Okunola, Stefanie Winkelmann, Christof Schütte
This article addresses reaction networks in which spatial and stochastic effects are of crucial importance. For such systems, particle-based models allow us to describe all microscopic details with high accuracy. However, they suffer from computational inefficiency if particle numbers and density get too large. Alternative coarse-grained-resolution models reduce computational effort tremendously, e
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A stochastic framework for evaluating CAR T cell therapy efficacy and variability Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Chau Hoang, Tuan Anh Phan, Cameron J. Turtle, Jianjun Paul Tian
Based on a deterministic and stochastic process hybrid model, we use white noises to account for patient variabilities in treatment outcomes, use a hyperparameter to represent patient heterogeneity in a cohort, and construct a stochastic model in terms of Ito stochastic differential equations for tesing the efficacy of three different treatment protocols in CAR T cell therapy. The stochastic model
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Mycoloop: Modeling phytoplankton–chytrid–zooplankton interactions in aquatic food webs Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Ming Chen, Honghui Gao, Jimin Zhang
A dynamic model is proposed to describe a mycoloop in aquatic food webs. The model consists of phytoplankton, chytrids and zooplankton. It characterizes that zooplankton consume both phytoplankton and free-living chytrid spores, and that chytrids infect phytoplankton. The dynamics of the model are investigated containing the dissipativity, existence and stability of equilibria, and persistence. The
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Controlling smoking: A smoking epidemic model with different smoking degrees in deterministic and stochastic environments Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Shengqiang Zhang, Yanling Meng, Amit Kumar Chakraborty, Hao Wang
Engaging in smoking not only leads to substantial health risks but also imposes considerable financial burdens. To deepen our understanding of the mechanisms behind smoking transmission and to address the tobacco epidemic, we examined a five-dimensional smoking epidemic model that accounts for different degrees of smoking under both deterministic and stochastic conditions. In the deterministic case
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Travelling waves due to negative plant–soil feedbacks in a model including tree life-stages Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Annalisa Iuorio, Mara Baudena, Maarten B. Eppinga, Francesco Giannino, Max Rietkerk, Frits Veerman
The emergence and maintenance of tree species diversity in tropical forests is commonly attributed to the Janzen–Connell (JC) hypothesis, which states that growth of seedlings is suppressed in the proximity of conspecific adult trees. As a result, a JC distribution due to a density-dependent negative feedback emerges in the form of a (transient) pattern where conspecific seedling density is highest
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Modeling the impact of hospital beds and vaccination on the dynamics of an infectious disease Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-23 Jyoti Maurya, Konstantin B. Blyuss, A.K. Misra
The unprecedented scale and rapidity of dissemination of re-emerging and emerging infectious diseases impose new challenges for regulators and health authorities. To curb the dispersal of such diseases, proper management of healthcare facilities and vaccines are core drivers. In the present work, we assess the unified impact of healthcare facilities and vaccination on the control of an infectious disease
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Processes governing species richness in communities exposed to temporal environmental stochasticity: A review and synthesis of modelling approaches Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-17 Tak Fung, Jayant Pande, Nadav M. Shnerb, James P. O'Dwyer, Ryan A. Chisholm
Research into the processes governing species richness has often assumed that the environment is fixed, whereas realistic environments are often characterised by random fluctuations over time. This temporal environmental stochasticity (TES) changes the demographic rates of species populations, with cascading effects on community dynamics and species richness. Theoretical and applied studies have used
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Effect of avian influenza scare on transmission of zoonotic avian influenza: A case study of influenza A (H7N9) Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Liu Yang, Meng Fan, Youming Wang, Xiangdong Sun, Huaiping Zhu
Avian influenza scare is a human psychological factor that asserts both positive and negative effects on the transmission of zoonotic avian influenza. In order to study the dichotomous effect of avian influenza scare on disease transmission, taking H7N9 avian influenza as a typical case, a two-patch epidemic model is proposed. The global dynamics and the threshold criteria are established by LaSalle
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Different routes of infection of H5N1 lead to changes in infecting time Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Ishaan Gadiyar, Hana M. Dobrovolny
Influenza virus infection can result in a wide range of clinical outcomes from asymptomatic infection to severe disease and death. While there are undoubtedly many factors that contribute to the severity of disease, one possible contributing factor that needs more investigation is the route of infection. In this study, we use previously published data from cynomolgus macaques infected with A/Vietnam/1203/04
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Population dynamics of a stoichiometric aquatic tri-trophic level model with fear effect Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Pingping Cong, Meng Fan, Xingfu Zou
In this paper, a stoichiometric aquatic tri-trophic level model is proposed and analyzed, which incorporates the effect of light and phosphorus, as well as the fear effect in predator–prey interactions. The analysis of the model includes the dissipativity and the existence and stability of equilibria. The influence of environmental factors and fear effect on the dynamics of the system is particularly
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A non local model for cell migration in response to mechanical stimuli Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Roberto Marchello, Annachiara Colombi, Luigi Preziosi, Chiara Giverso
Cell migration is one of the most studied phenomena in biology since it plays a fundamental role in many physiological and pathological processes such as morphogenesis, wound healing and tumorigenesis. In recent years, researchers have performed experiments showing that cells can migrate in response to mechanical stimuli of the substrate they adhere to. Motion towards regions of the substrate with
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Extinction in host-vector infection models and the role of heterogeneity Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Damian Clancy, John J.H. Stewart
For infections that become endemic in a population, the process may appear stable over a long time scale, but stochastic fluctuations can lead to eventual disease extinction. We consider the effects of model parameters and of population heterogeneities upon the expected time to extinction for host-vector disease systems. We find that non-homogeneous host selection by vectors increases persistence times
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Phase separation reduces cell-to-cell variability of translational bursting Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Lijun Hong, Zihao Wang, Zhenquan zhang, Songhao Luo, Tianshou Zhou, Jiajun Zhang
Gene expression is a stochastic and noisy process often occurring in "bursts". Experiments have shown that the compartmentalization of proteins by liquid-liquid phase separation is conducive to reducing the noise of gene expression. Therefore, an important goal is to explore the role of bursts in phase separation noise reduction processes. We have established a coupled model that includes phase separation
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A class of statistical models for the motion of Daphnia over small time scales Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 David A. Spade, Imani Aliyu, Jules van Horen, J.R. Strickler
A common question in the aquatic sciences is that of how zooplankter movement can be modeled. It is well-established in the literature that there exists a randomness to this movement, but the question is how to characterize this randomness. The most common methods for doing this involve the random walk and correlated random walk (CRW) models. Here, we present a time series model that allows a better
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A pore-scale reactive transport modeling study for quorum sensing-driven biofilm dispersal in heterogeneous porous media Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Heewon Jung
Microorganisms regulate the expression of energetically expensive phenotypes via a collective decision-making mechanism known as quorum sensing (QS). This study investigates the intricate dynamics of biofilm growth and QS-controlled biofilm dispersal in heterogeneous porous media, employing a pore-scale reactive transport modeling approach. Model simulations carried out under various fluid flow conditions
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Periodic insulin stimulation of Akt: Dynamic steady states and robustness Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Catheryn W. Gray, Adelle C.F. Coster
The periodic secretion of insulin is a salient feature of the blood glucose control system in vivo. Insulin levels in the blood exhibit oscillations on multiple time scales – rapid, ultradian, and circadian – and the improved metabolic regulation resulting from pulsatile insulin release has been well established. Although numerous mathematical models investigating the causal mechanisms of insulin oscillations
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A stochastic differential equation model for predator-avoidance fish schooling Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Aditya Dewanto Hartono, Linh Thi Hoai Nguyen, Tôn Việt Tạ
This paper presents a mathematical model based on stochastic differential equations (SDEs) to depict the dynamics of a predator–prey system in an aquatic environment characterized by schooling behavior among the prey. The model employs a particle-like approach, incorporating attractive and repulsive forces, akin to phenomena observed in molecular physics, to capture the interactions among the constituent
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A local polynomial moment approximation for compartmentalized biochemical systems Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Tommaso Bianucci, Christoph Zechner
Compartmentalized biochemical reactions are a ubiquitous building block of biological systems. The interplay between chemical and compartmental dynamics can drive rich and complex dynamical behaviors that are difficult to analyze mathematically — especially in the presence of stochasticity. We have recently proposed an effective moment equation approach to study the statistical properties of compartmentalized
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Pairwise and higher-order epistatic effects among somatic cancer mutations across oncogenesis Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Jorge A. Alfaro-Murillo, Jeffrey P. Townsend
Cancer occurs as a consequence of multiple somatic mutations that lead to uncontrolled cell growth. Mutual exclusivity and co-occurrence of mutations imply—but do not prove—that mutations exert synergistic or antagonistic epistatic effects on oncogenesis. Knowledge of these interactions, and the consequent trajectories of mutation and selection that lead to cancer has been a longstanding goal within
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Overcoming the impossibility of age-balanced harvest Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Jerzy A. Filar, Matthew H. Holden, Manuela Mendiolar, Sabrina H. Streipert
In many countries, sustainability targets for managed fisheries are often expressed in terms of a fixed percentage of the carrying capacity. Despite the appeal of such a simple quantitative target, an unintended consequence may be a significant tilting of the proportions of biomass across different ages, from what they would have been under harvest-free conditions. Within the framework of a widely
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Vaccination compartmental epidemiological models for the delta and omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 J. Cuevas-Maraver, P.G. Kevrekidis, Q.Y. Chen, G.A. Kevrekidis, Y. Drossinos
We explore the inclusion of vaccination in compartmental epidemiological models concerning the delta and omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic. We expand on our earlier compartmental-model work by incorporating vaccinated populations. We present two classes of models that differ depending on the immunological properties of the variant. The first one is for the delta
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A model for voles interference in cultivated orchards Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Alberto Viscardi, Sandro Bertolino, Ezio Venturino
We consider a dynamical system involving seven populations to model the presence of voles in a cultivated orchard. The plant population is stratified by age (three groups) and by health status (being damaged or not). The last equation models the voles with a modified logistic equation with Allee effect, where the modification takes into account the disturbance provided by the human activity on the
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Edge-based compartmental modeling for the spread of cholera on random networks: A case study in Somalia Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Xinxin Cheng, Yi Wang, Gang Huang
Cholera remains a major public health problem that threatens human health worldwide and its severity is continuing. In this paper, an edge-based model for cholera transmission on random networks is proposed and investigated. The model assumes that two communities share a common water source and includes three transmission routes, namely intra- and inter-community human-to-human transmission as well
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A yeast cell cycle pulse generator model shows consistency with multiple oscillatory and checkpoint mutant datasets Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Julian Fox, Breschine Cummins, Robert C. Moseley, Marcio Gameiro, Steven B. Haase
Modeling biological systems holds great promise for speeding up the rate of discovery in systems biology by predicting experimental outcomes and suggesting targeted interventions. However, this process is dogged by an identifiability issue, in which network models and their parameters are not sufficiently constrained by coarse and noisy data to ensure unique solutions. In this work, we evaluated the
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Nonlinear control designs and their application to cancer differentiation therapy Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Yen-Che Hsiao, Abhishek Dutta
We designed three new controllers: a sigmoid-based controller, a polynomial dynamic inversion-based controller, and a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) impulsive controller for cancer differentiation therapy. We compared these three controllers to existing control strategies to show the improvement in performance and compare their robustness. The sigmoid-based controller adds a sigmoid term associated
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Investigating tumor-host response dynamics in preclinical immunotherapy experiments using a stepwise mathematical modeling strategy Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-04 Angela M. Jarrett, Patrick N. Song, Kirsten Reeves, Ernesto A.B.F. Lima, Benjamin Larimer, Thomas E. Yankeelov, Anna G. Sorace
Immunotherapies such as checkpoint blockade to PD1 and CTLA4 can have varied effects on individual tumors. To quantify the successes and failures of these therapeutics, we developed a stepwise mathematical modeling strategy and applied it to mouse models of colorectal and breast cancer that displayed a range of therapeutic responses. Using longitudinal tumor volume data, an exponential growth model
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A dynamical adaptation model of visual spatiotemporal processing in cones and horizontal cells Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Miguel Castillo García, Eugenio Urdapilleta
In this work, we introduce a phenomenological model for the cone-horizontal cell assembly, including spatial integration and formation of receptive field-like structures. The model extends our previous dynamical adaptation description with gain control accounting for processes in single cones, valid in severe nonlinear regimes. Here, a spatially extended feedback mechanism is introduced from horizontal
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Hypergraphs and centrality measures identifying key features in gene expression data Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Samuel Barton, Zoe Broad, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos, Diane Donovan, James Lefevre
Multidisciplinary approaches can significantly advance our understanding of complex systems. For instance, gene co-expression networks align prior knowledge of biological systems with studies in graph theory, emphasising pairwise gene to gene interactions. In this paper, we extend these ideas, promoting hypergraphs as an investigative tool for studying multi-way interactions in gene expression data
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Optimal vaccination strategies for a heterogeneous population using multiple objectives: The case of L1− and L2−formulations Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Fernando Saldaña, Amira Kebir, José Ariel Camacho-Gutiérrez, Maíra Aguiar
The choice of the objective functional in optimization problems coming from biomedical and epidemiological applications plays a key role in optimal control outcomes. In this study, we investigate the role of the objective functional on the structure of the optimal control solution for an epidemic model for sexually transmitted infections that includes a core group with higher sexual activity levels
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Patterning of nonlocal transport models in biology: The impact of spatial dimension Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-29 Thomas Jun Jewell, Andrew L. Krause, Philip K. Maini, Eamonn A. Gaffney
Throughout developmental biology and ecology, transport can be driven by nonlocal interactions. Examples include cells that migrate based on contact with pseudopodia extended from other cells, and animals that move based on their awareness of other animals. Nonlocal integro-PDE models have been used to investigate contact attraction and repulsion in cell populations in 1D. In this paper, we generalise
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Dynamical modeling the effect of glucagon-like peptide on glucose–insulin regulatory system based on mice experimental observation Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 Yu Zhao, Wenjun Jing, Liping Li, Shi Zhao, Masayuki Yamasaki
As an emerging global epidemic, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Existing evidences demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) modulate the glucose regulatory system by enhancing the β-cell function. However, the detailed process of GLP-1 in glycaemic regulator for T2DM remains to be clarified. Thus, in this study, we
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Climate-dependent effectiveness of nonpharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 mitigation Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Juping Ji, Hao Wang, Lin Wang, Pouria Ramazi, Jude Dzevela Kong, James Watmough
Environmental factors have a significant impact on the transmission of infectious diseases. Existing results show that the novel coronavirus can persist outside the host. We propose a susceptible–exposed–presymptomatic–infectious–asymptomatic–recovered–susceptible (SEPIARS) model with a vaccination compartment and indirect incidence to explore the effect of environmental conditions, temperature and
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Mathematical birth of Early Afterdepolarizations in a cardiomyocyte model Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 R. Barrio, J.A. Jover-Galtier, M.A. Martínez, L. Pérez, S. Serrano
Early Afterdepolarizations (EADs) are abnormal behaviors that can lead to cardiac failure and even cardiac death. In this paper we investigate the occurrence and development of these phenomena in a reduced Luo–Rudy cardiac model. Through a comprehensive dynamical analysis, we map out the distinct patterns observed in the parametric plane, differentiating between normal beats without EADs and pathological
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Effect of cross-immunity in a two-strain cholera model with aquatic component Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Leah LeJeune, Cameron Browne
The bacteria Vibrio cholerae relies heavily upon an aquatic reservoir as a transmission route with two distinct serotypes observed in many recent outbreaks. In this paper, we extend previously studied ordinary differential equation epidemiological models to create a two-strain SIRP (susceptible-infectious-recovered-pathogen) system which incorporates both partial cross-immunity between disease strains
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Deconstructing the integrated oscillator model for pancreatic β-cells Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Richard Bertram, Isabella Marinelli, Patrick A. Fletcher, Leslie S. Satin, Arthur S. Sherman
Electrical bursting oscillations in the β-cells of pancreatic islets have been a focus of investigation for more than fifty years. This has been aided by mathematical models, which are descendants of the pioneering Chay–Keizer model. This article describes the key biophysical and mathematical elements of this model, and then describes the path forward from there to the Integrated Oscillator Model (IOM)
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Finding analytical approximations for discrete, stochastic, individual-based models of ecology Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-30 Linnéa Gyllingberg, David J.T. Sumpter, Åke Brännström
Discrete time, spatially extended models play an important role in ecology, modelling population dynamics of species ranging from micro-organisms to birds. An important question is how ’bottom up’, individual-based models can be approximated by ’top down’ models of dynamics. Here, we study a class of spatially explicit individual-based models with contest competition: where species compete for space
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Stochastic modeling of SIS epidemics with logarithmic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and generalized nonlinear incidence Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Zhenfeng Shi, Daqing Jiang
In this paper, we investigate a stochastic SIS epidemic model with logarithmic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and generalized nonlinear incidence. Our study focuses on the construction of stochastic Lyapunov functions to establish the threshold condition for the extinction and the existence of the stationary distribution of the stochastic system. We also derive the exact expression of the density function
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Different mechanisms of CD200-CD200R induce diverse outcomes in cancer treatment Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Kang-Ling Liao, Kenton D. Watt, Tom Protin
The CD200 is a cell membrane protein expressed by tumor cells, and its receptor CD200 receptor (CD200R) is expressed by immune cells including macrophages and dendritic cells. The formation of CD200-CD200R inhibits the cellular functions of the targeted immune cells, so CD200 is one type of the immune checkpoint and blockade CD200-CD200R formation is a potential cancer treatment. However, the CD200
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Variation in environmental stochasticity dramatically affects viability and extinction time in a predator–prey system with high prey group cohesion Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Tao Feng, Russell Milne, Hao Wang
Understanding how tipping points arise is critical for population protection and ecosystem robustness. This work evaluates the impact of environmental stochasticity on the emergence of tipping points in a predator–prey system subject to the Allee effect and Holling type IV functional response, modeling an environment in which the prey has high group cohesion. We analyze the relationship between stochasticity
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Post-pandemic modeling of COVID-19: Waning immunity determines recurrence frequency Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 D. Calvetti, E. Somersalo
There are many factors in the current phase of the COVID-19 pandemic that signal the need for new modeling ideas. In fact, most traditional infectious disease models do not address adequately the waning immunity, in particular as new emerging variants have been able to break the immune shield acquired either by previous infection by a different strain of the virus, or by inoculation of vaccines not
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Renewal equations for delayed population behaviour adaptation coupled with disease transmission dynamics: A mechanism for multiple waves of emerging infections Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Xue Zhang, Francesca Scarabel, Kumar Murty, Jianhong Wu
There are many plausible reasons for recurrent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to illustrate how population behavioural adaption and adaptation implementation delay, in response to the perceived infection risk, can lead to recurrent outbreak patterns. We consider the early phase of an infection outbreak when herd immunity is not reached, pathogen
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Age structure, replicator equation, and the prisoner’s dilemma Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Sona John, Johannes Müller
We investigate the evolutionary dynamics of an age-structured population subject to weak frequency-dependent selection. It turns out that the weak selection is affected in a non-trivial way by the life-history trait. We disentangle the dynamics, based on the appearance of different time scales. These time scales, which seem to form a universal structure in the interplay of weak selection and life-history
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Inflammation propagation modeled as a reaction–diffusion wave Math. Biosci. (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 W. El Hajj, N. El Khatib, V. Volpert
Inflammation is a physiological process aimed to protect the organism in various diseases and injuries. This work presents a generic inflammation model based on the reaction–diffusion equations for the concentrations of uninflamed cells, inflamed cells, immune cells and the inflammatory cytokines. The analysis of the model shows the existence of three different regimes of inflammation progression depending