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Empowering future scientists: Exploring How Mentors Guide Students to Write and Publish Scientific Papers bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Trisha Minocha, Tanya Bhagatwala, Gwendolyn Mirzoyan, Gary S McDowell, Sarah C Fankhauser
Secondary students are increasingly involved in scientific research projects that include authentic disciplinary literacy components such as research proposals, posters, videos, and scientific research papers. More and more, students are also engaging in professional practice of publishing their scientific research papers through dedicated secondary science journals. Peer-review and publication are
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Female-dominated disciplines have lower evaluated research quality and funding success rates, for men and women bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Alex James, Franca Buelow, Liam Gibson, Ann Brower
We use data from 30 countries and find that the more women in a discipline, the lower quality the research in that discipline is evaluated to be and the lower the funding success rate is. This affects men and women, and is robust to age, number of research outputs, and bibliometric measures where such data are available. Our work builds on others' findings that women's work is valued less, regardless
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Setting Climate Targets: The Case of Higher Education and Research bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Anne-Laure Ligozat, Christophe Brun, Benjamin Demirdjian, Guillaume Gouget, Emilie Jardé, Arnaud Mialon, Anne-Sophie Mouronval, Laurent Pagani, Laure Vieu
The carbon footprint and low-carbon strategies of higher education and research organizations have been the subject of scientific articles and reports. However, these provide few details on the reduction targets themselves, leaving the question of how should higher education and research organizations define and construct their climate targets and trajectories unanswered. The present paper fills this
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Deepening biomedical research training: Community-Building Wellness Workshops for Post-Baccalaureate Research Education Program (PREP) Trainees bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Dezmond Cole, Andrew S Eneim, Cory J White, Chelsy R Eddings, Morgan Quinn Beckett, Vincent Clark, Jasmin Jeffery, Virangika K Wimalasena, Alexis Figueroa, Jose Javier Rosado-Franco, Rama Alhariri, Bonita H Powell, Parris Whitney Washington, Lana N Christensen, Katherine L Wilson, Jennifer M Kavran
Problem: All trainees, especially those from historically minoritized backgrounds, experience stresses that may reduce their continuation in science, technology, engineering, math, and medicine (STEMM) careers. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine is one of 45 institutions with a National Institutes of Health funded Postbaccalaureate Research Education Program (PREP) that provides mentoring
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Australian researchers' perceptions and experiences with stem cell registration. bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mengqi Hu, Dan Santos, Edilene Lopes, Dianne Nicol, Andreas Kurtz, Nancy Mah, Sabine C Muller, Rachel A Ankeny, Christine Wells
The recently issued ISSCR standards in stem cell research recommend registration of human pluripotent stem cell lines (hPSCs). Registration is an important part of establishing stem cell provenance and connecting cell lines to data derived on those lines. In this study, we sought to understand common barriers to registration, by conducting interviews with forty-eight Australian stem cell stakeholders
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Learn!Bio - A time-limited cross-sectional study on biosciences students' pathway to resilience during and post the Covid-19 pandemic at an UK university from 2020-2023 and insights into future teaching approaches. bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Katy Andrews, Rosalie Stoneley, Katja Eckl
Higher education in biosciences is significantly informed by hands-on field trips and practical laboratory skills-training. With the first Covid-19 national lock-down in England in March 2020, on-campus education at higher education institutions was swiftly moved to alternative provisions, including online only options, a mix of synchronous or asynchronous blended, or hybrid adaptions. Students enrolled
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Rendering protein structures inside cells at the atomic level with Unreal Engine bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Muyuan Chen
While the recent development of cryogenic electron tomography (CryoET) makes it possible to identify various macromolecules inside cells and determine their structure at near-atomic resolution, it remains challenging to visualize the complex cellular environment at the atomic level. One of the main hurdles in cell visualization is to render the millions of molecules in real time computationally. Here
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Black women in medical education publishing: Bibliometric and testimonio accounts using intersectionality methodology bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Witzard Seide, Lauren A Maggio, Anthony R Artino, Todd C Leroux, Abigail Konopasky
Background: Black women in academic medicine experience racial and gender discrimination, all while being tasked with improving a flawed system. Representation of Black women in medicine remains low, yet they bear the burden of fostering diversity and mentoring trainees, exacerbating their minority tax and emotional labor, and negatively impacting career progression. Objective: To complement qualitative
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Field size as a predictor of "excellence." The selection of subject fields in Germany's Excellence Initiative. bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Thomas Heinze, Isabel Maria Habicht, Paul Eberhardt, Dirk Tunger
We investigate the selection of subject fields in Germany's "excellence initiative," a two-phase funding scheme administered by the German Research Foundation (DFG) from 2005 to 2017 to increase international competitiveness of scientific research at German universities. While most empirical studies have examined the "excellence initiative's" effects at the university level ("elite universities"),
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Sci-comm "behind the scenes": Gendered narratives of scientific outreach activities in the life sciences bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Perry G Beasley-Hall, Pam Papadelos, Anne Hewitt, Charlotte R Lassaline, Kate D L Umbers, Michelle T Guzik
Science communication, or sci-comm, is a broad term describing activities seeking to increase scientific literacy. Sci-comm has a positive impact on perceptions of science, public policy, public scientific literacy, and career choices of future scientists. Yet, sci-comm is often viewed as at odds with, or tangential, to academic achievement, as non-scientific, or as less worthy a time commitment compared
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Analysis of justification for and gender bias in author order among those contributing equally bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Ellie Rose Mattoon, Maisha Miles, Arturo Casadevall, Nichole A Broderick
The practice of designating two or more authors as equal contributors (EC) on a scientific publication is increasingly common as a form of sharing credit. However, EC authors are often unclearly attributed on CVs or citation engines, and it is unclear how research teams determine author order within an EC listing. In response to studies showing that male authors were more likely to be placed first
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The landscape of biomedical research bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Rita Gonzalez-Marquez, Luca Schmidt, Benjamin M. Schmidt, Philipp Berens, Dmitry Kobak
The number of publications in biomedicine and life sciences has rapidly grown over the last decades, with over 1.5 million papers now being published every year. This makes it difficult to keep track of new scientific works and to have an overview of the evolution of the field as a whole. Here we present a 2D map of the entire corpus of biomedical literature, and argue that it provides a unique and
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Nationwide Inclusive Facilitator Training: Mindsets, Practices and Growth bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Diane Codding, Alexandria H Yen, Haley Lewis, Vanessa Johnson-Ojeda, Regina F Frey, Sarah Chobot Hokanson, Bennett B Goldberg
Advancing diversity in STEM requires competent and confident faculty and staff who can lead local professional development in inclusive teaching to improve classroom instruction and support all learners. This paper examines how a facilitator training model designed to promote inclusive facilitation impacted inclusive learning community facilitator self-reported confidence and practices. This mixed
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Career Navigator: An online platform to streamline professional development and career education for graduate bioscientists bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Rachel Rudlaff, Utsarga J Adhikary, Candrika Khairani, Daniel S Emmans, Johanna L Gutlerner, Ronald Jason Heustis
Graduate professional development is a highly dynamic enterprise that prepares graduate students for personal and career success in a variety of fields, including the biosciences. National policies, funding awards, and institutional programs have generated myriad tools and services for graduate bioscience students, including new learning resources, events, connections to prospective employers, and
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Enable, Empower, Succeed: Harnessing Open Science for Antimicrobial Resistance Containment bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Luria L Founou, Opeyemi U Lawal, Armando Djiyou, Erkison Ewomazino Odih, Daniel Gyamfi Amoako, Stephane Fadanka, Mabel Kamweli Aworh, Sindiswa Lukhele, Dusanka Nikolic, Alice Matimba, Raspail Carrel Founou
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global health, particularly in Western sub-Saharan Africa where 27.3 deaths per 100,000 lives are affected, and surveillance and control measures are often limited. Genomics research plays a crucial role in understanding the emergence, spread and containment measures of AMR. However, its implementation in such settings is particularly challenging
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Augmented Reality and Cross-Device Interaction for Seamless Integration of Physical and Digital Scientific Papers bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-18 Md Ochiuddin Miah, Jun Kong
Researchers face the challenge of efficiently navigating vast scientific literature while valuing printed papers in the digital age. Printed materials facilitate deeper engagement and comprehension, leading to superior exam performance and enhanced retention. However, existing digital tools often need to pay more attention to the needs of researchers who value the tactile benefits of printed documents
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SIMHYB 2: a software tool to explore and illustrate evolutionary forces in Population Genetics teaching and research. Application to Conservation Genetics bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Álvaro Soto, David Rodríguez-Martínez, Unai López de Heredia
Practical approaches have become a standard in many scientific disciplines, including population genetics. By analyzing properly selected datasets, the students can calculate parameters and draw conclusions about genetic diversity, differentiation and evolution of populations with higher efficiency than if based exclusively on theoretical lessons. However, preparing the appropriate datasets is a hard
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Postdoctoral Scholar Recruitment and Hiring Practices in STEM: A Pilot Study bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Meagan Heirwegh, Douglas C Rees, Lindsey Malcom-Piqueux
Despite the importance of the postdoctoral position in the training of scientists for independent research careers, few studies have addressed recruiting and hiring of postdocs. We conducted a pilot study on postdoctoral hiring in the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology to serve as a starting point to better understand postdoctoral recruiting and
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Consideration of sex as a biological variable in diabetes research across twenty years bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Celena M Cherian, Hayley Reeves, Duneesha De Silva, Serena Tsao, Katie E Marshall, Elizabeth J Rideout
Sex differences exist in the risk of developing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and in the risk of developing diabetes-associated complications. Sex differences in glucose homeostasis, islet and beta cell biology, and peripheral insulin sensitivity have also been reported in multiple animals. To determine the degree to which biological sex has been addressed in published literature related to diabetes
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Science Education for the Youth (SEFTY): A Neuroscience Outreach Program for High School Students in Southern Nevada During the COVID-19 Pandemic bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Nabih Ghani, Hayley Baker, Audrey Huntsinger, Tiffany Chen, Tiffany D Familara, Jose Yani Itorralba, Fritz Vanderford, Xiaowei Zhuang, Ching-Lan Chang, Van Vo, Edwin Oh
Laboratory outreach programs for K-12 students in the United States from 2020-2022 were suspended or delayed due to COVID-19 restrictions. While Southern Nevada also observed similar closures for onsite programs, we and others hypothesized that in-person laboratory activities could be prioritized after increasing vaccine doses were available to the public and masking was encouraged. Here, we describe
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Structured Peer Review: Pilot results from 23 Elsevier Journals bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Mario Malički, Bahar Mehmani
Background. Reviewers rarely comment on the same aspects of a manuscript, making it difficult to properly assess manuscripts' quality and the quality of the peer review process. It was the goal of this pilot study to evaluate structured peer review implementation by: 1) exploring if and how reviewers answered structured peer review questions, 2) analysing reviewer agreement, 3) comparing that agreement
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A Retrospective Analysis of Career Outcomes in Neuroscience bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Lauren E Ullrich, John R Ogawa, Michelle D Jones-London
What factors are associated with different career outcomes among biomedical PhDs? Much of the research to-date has focused on drivers of interest in (and intention to pursue) various careers, especially during graduate school, but fewer studies have investigated the ultimate career outcomes of participants. Even less is known about what factors matter most for groups historically underrepresented in
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Preference for Scientist Occupation Among Medical and Science Students in South Korea bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Eun Bit Bae
Although becoming a scientist is generally a long and arduous process, fostering scientists is considered important for national development. To determine medical and science undergraduate students' preference for scientists, a designed preference survey was administered to 191 medical and 106 science majors, online. The chi-square test, regression, and mediation models were used. The models present
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More than a token photo: humanizing scientists enhances student engagement bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Robin A Costello, Emily P Driessen, Melissa K Kjelvik, Elizabeth H Schultheis, Rachel M Youngblood, Ash T Zemenick, Marjorie G Weber, Cissy J Ballen
Highlighting scientists from historically excluded groups in educational materials increases student engagement in STEM. However, which specific elements of these educational materials maximize their impact remains untested, leaving educators guessing how to best highlight counter-stereotypical scientists in their classrooms. We tested the effects of including visual and humanizing descriptions of
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Student experiences with an interactive 3D immersive biotechnology simulation and its impact on motivational beliefs bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Dan Spencer, Caitlin McKeown, David Tredwell, Benjamin Huckaby, Andrew Wiedner, Jacob T Dums, Emily L Cartwright, Colin M Potts, Nathan C. Sudduth, Evan Brown, Phillips Albright, Arnav Jhala, Melissa C. Srougi
The development and use of virtual laboratories to augment traditional in-person skills training continues to grow. Virtual labs have been implemented in a number of diverse educational settings, which have many purported benefits including their adaptability accessibility and repeatability. However few studies have evaluated the impact of virtual laboratories outside of academic achievement and skills
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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Undergraduate Research in the Department of Biology at Western University: Effect on project types, learning outcomes, and student perceptions. bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Ava Chaplin, Susanne E Kohalmi, Anne F Simon
Undergraduate research is a high impact practice that offers numerous benefits to students, academic institutions, and the wider scientific community. Unfortunately, undergraduate research has faced restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted: (1) the number and types of undergraduate research projects performed in the Department of Biology
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Experts fail to reliably detect AI-generated histological data bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Jan Hartung, Stefanie Reuter, Vera Anna Kulow, Michael Fahling, Cord Spreckelsen, Ralf Mrowka
AI-based methods to generate images have seen unprecedented advances in recent years challenging both image forensic and human perceptual capabilities. Accordingly, they are expected to play an increasingly important role in the fraudulent fabrication of data. This includes images with complicated intrinsic structures like histological tissue samples, which are harder to forge manually. We use stable
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Limited Diffusion of Scientific Knowledge Forecasts Collapse bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Donghyun Kang, Robert S. Danziger, Jalees Rehman, James A. Evans
Market bubbles emerge when asset prices are driven unsustainably higher than asset values and shifts in belief burst them. We demonstrate the same phenomenon for biomedical knowledge when promising research receives inflated attention. We predict deflationary events by developing a diffusion index that captures whether research areas have been amplified within social and scientific bubbles or have
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Phase 1 of the NIH Preprint Pilot: Testing the viability of making preprints discoverable in PubMed Central and PubMed bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Kathryn Funk, Teresa Zayas-Cabán, Jeffrey Beck
Introduction: The National Library of Medicine (NLM) launched a pilot in June 2020 to 1) explore the feasibility and utility of adding preprints to PubMed Central (PMC) and making them discoverable in PubMed and 2) to support accelerated discoverability of NIH-supported research without compromising user trust in NLM's widely used literature services. Methods: The first phase of the Pilot focused on
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Knowledge Innovation Ecosystem for the Promotion of User-Centre Health Innovations: Living Lab Methodology and Lessons Learned Through the Proposal of Standard Good Practices bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Natacha Rosa, Sofia Leite, Juliana Alves, Angela Carvalho, Diana Oliveira, Flavia Santos, Barbara Macedo, Hugo Prazeres
Living Labs, experiencing a global surge in popularity over the past years, demands standardized guidance through the development of widely accepted good practices. While challenging due to the complex and evolving nature of Living Labs, this task remains essential. These knowledge innovation ecosystems facilitate a diverse array of interconnected and interacting end-users and stakeholder partners
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Anticipatory Emotions and Academic Performance: The Role of Boredom in a Preservice Teachers' Lab Experience bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Jesus A. G. Ochoa de Alda, Jose Maria Marcos-Merino, Cristina Valares-Masa, Rocio Esteban-Gallego
Affective experiences within academic contexts significantly influence educational outcomes. Despite this, the literature reveals a gap in generalising these effects to specific classroom activities, partly arising from the absence of suitable instruments to measure emotions in situational educational scenarios. Our study introduces an experience sampling method to measure sixteen discrete emotional
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Use of Large Language Models to Aid Analysis of Textual Data bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Robert H Tai, Lillian R Bentley, Xin Xia, Jason M Sitt, Sarah C Fankhauser, Ana M Chicas-Mosier, Barnas G Monteith
Increasing use of machine learning and Large Language Models (LLMs) opens up opportunities to use these artificially intelligent algorithms in novel ways. In this article we propose a methodology using LLMs to support traditional deductive coding in qualitative research. We began our analysis with three different sample texts taken from existing interviews. Next, we created a codebook and inputted
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Efficacy of Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (CoBRE) Grants to Build Research Capacity in Underrepresented States bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Mike Schaller
Federal funding for research has immediate and long-term economic impact. Since federal research funding is regionally concentrated and not geographically distributed, the benefits are not fully realized in some regions of the country. The Established (previously Experimental) Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) programs at several agencies, e.g. the National Science Foundation, and
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Effectiveness of a network Open House model to recruit trainees to post-baccalaureate STEM programs bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Scott Takeo Aoki, Lindsay Lewellyn, Sarah Justice, Sarah Mordan-McCombs, Neetu Tewari, Jorge Cantu, Robert Seiser, Ahmed Lakhani, Jennifer R. Kowalski
Post-baccalaureate (post-bac) programs can have a positive impact on science training and STEM career opportunities for junior trainees. A goal for many of these sponsored programs is to increase research exposure for underrepresented minorities, a group that can include African American, Hispanic, Native American, and first-generation college students, among others. Recruiting underrepresented minorities
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Scientific civility and academic performance bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Emma Camacho, Quigly Dragotakes, Isabella Hartshorn, Arturo Casadevall, Daniel L Buccino
In modern science, interdisciplinary and collaborative research is encouraged among scientists to solve complex problems. However, when the time comes to measure an individual’s academic productivity, collaborative efforts are hard to conceptualize and quantify. In this study, we hypothesized that a social behavior coined “scientific civility”, which encompasses civility, collaboration, cooperation
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Four Years of COVID-19: Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Pakistan Have the Highest Research Growth Rates From 2020-2023 bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Waseem Hassan, Mehreen Zafar
We tried to assess the global research scholarly output after COVID-19 (from 2020 to 2023). Based on Scopus record, the world has produced 15, 041, 579 publications with 86, 165, 933 citations. We analyzed those countries, which have published at least 150, 000 research papers. For each country, we retrieved total number of publications, % growth rate, total citations, citations per paper, Field Weighted
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Analysis of NIH K99/R00 Awards and the Career Progression of Awardees bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Nicole C Woitowich, Sarah R Hengel, Christopher Solis, Tauras P Vilgalys, Joel Babdor, Daniel J Tyrrell
Many postdoctoral fellows and scholars who hope to secure tenure-track faculty positions in the United States apply to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for a Pathway to Independence Award. This award has two phases (K99 and R00) and provides funding for up to five years. Using NIH data for the period 2006-2022, we report that ∼230 K99 awards were made every year, representing up to ∼$250 million
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Using a decision tree to predict COVID case numbers: a tutorial for beginners bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Lucy Moctezuma Tan, Lorena Benitez, Florentine van Nouhuijs, Faye Orcales, Allen Kim, Ross Campbell, Megumi Fuse, Pleuni S Pennings
Machine learning (ML) makes it possible to analyze large volumes of data and is an important tool in biomedical research. The use of ML methods can lead to improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. During the COVID pandemic, ML methods were used for predictions at the patient and community levels. Given the ubiquity of ML, it is important that future doctors, researchers and
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Studentsourcing - aggregating and re-using data from a practical cell biology course bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Joachim Goedhart
Practical courses mimic experimental research and may generate valuable data. Yet, data that is generated by students during a course is often lost as there is no centrally organized collection and storage of the data. The loss of data prevents its re-use. To provide access to these data, I present an approach that I call studentsourcing. It collects, aggregates and re-uses data that is generated by
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Evolving patterns of extremely productive publishing behavior across science bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-19 John Ioannidis, Thomas A Collins, Jeroen Baas
We aimed to evaluate how many authors are extremely productive and how their presence across countries and scientific fields has changed during 2000-2022. Extremely productive (EP) authors were defined as those with >60 full papers (articles, reviews, conference papers) published in a single calendar year and indexed in Scopus. We identified 3,191 EP authors across science excluding Physics and 12
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Insights from a survey of mentorship experiences by graduate and postdoctoral researchers bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Sarvenaz Sarabipour, Natalie M Niemi, Steven J Burgess, Christopher T Smith, Alexandre W Bisson Filho, Ahmed Ibrahim, Kelly Clark
Mentorship is vital for early career researchers in training positions, allowing them to navigate the challenges of work and life in research environments. However, the quality of mentorship received by trainees can vary by investigator and by institution. One challenge faced by those hoping to improve trainee mentorship is that the extent to which mentorship is offered to and experienced by research
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Best Paper awards lack transparency, inclusivity, and support for Open Science bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Malgorzata Lagisz, Joanna Rutkowska, Upama Aich, Robert M Ross, Manuela S Santana, Joshua Wang, Nina Trubanova, Matthew J Page, Andrew Adrian Yu Pua, Yefeng Yang, Bawan Amin, April Robin Martinig, Adrian Barnett, Aswathi Surendran, Ju Zhang, David N Borg, Jafsia Elisee, James G Wrightson, Shinichi Nakagawa
Awards can propel academic careers. They also reflect the culture and values of the scientific community. But, do awards incentivise greater transparency, diversity, and openness in science? Our cross-disciplinary survey of 222 awards for the "best" journal articles across all 27 SCImago subject areas revealed that journals and learned societies administering such awards generally publish little detail
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Beyond Active Learning: Using 3-Dimensional Learning to Create Scientifically Authentic, Student-Centered Classrooms bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Melanie M. Cooper, Marcos D Caballero, Justin H Carmel, Erin M Duffy, Cori L Fata-Hartley, Deborah G Herrington, Paul C Nelson, James T Laverty, Lynmarie A Posey, Jon R Stoltzfus, Ryan L Stowe, Ryan D Sweeder, Stuart Tessmer, Sonia M Underwood, Diane Ebert-May
In recent years, much of the emphasis for transformation of introductory STEM courses has focused on "active learning", and while this approach has been shown to produce more equitable outcomes for students, the construct of "active learning" is somewhat ill-defined, and can encompass a wide range of pedagogical techniques. Here we present an alternative approach for how to think about the transformation
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Advancing childhood cancer research through young investigator and advocate collaboration bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Amber K Weiner, Antonia Palmer, Melanie Frost Moll, Gavin Lindberg, Kevin Reidy, Sharon J Diskin, Crystal L Mackall, John M. Maris, Patrick J Sullivan
Cancer advocates and researchers share the same goal of driving science forward to create new therapies to cure more patients. The power of combining cancer researchers and advocates has become of increased importance due to their complementary expertise. Therefore, advocacy is a critical component of grant structures and has become embedded into the Stand Up 2 Cancer (SU2C) applications. To date,
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The pitfalls of regression to the mean in bivariate timeseries analysis bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Tom M M Versluys
Plastic traits, capable of taking multiple forms, often correlate with one another or with features of the environment when measured over time. These patterns of correlated change are sometimes assumed to reflect adaptive plasticity, such as coevolved 'integrated phenotypes' within individuals, synchronisation between social or mating partners, or responses to environmental gradients. Such plasticity
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Setting a trajectory for CO2 emission reduction in academic research: a case study of a French biophysics laboratory bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Caroline Giuglaris, Jean de Seze
Climate change is a scientifically proven phenomenon caused by anthropic activities, which requires urgent and significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Despite the increasing vocalization of scientists advocating for political action, the issue of the environmental impact of academic research has been neglected for some time. Now, field-dependent initiatives have emerged, such as the non-profit
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High Impact: Wikipedia sources and edit history document two decades of the climate change field bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Omer Benjakob, Louise Jouveshomme, Matthieu Collet, Ariane Augustoni, Rona Aviram
Since being founded in 2001, Wikipedia has grown into a trusted source of knowledge online, feeding Google search results and serving as training data for ChatGPT. Understanding the accuracy of its information, the sources behind its articles and their role in the transference of knowledge to the public are becoming increasingly important questions. Meanwhile, climate change has moved to the forefront
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Enhancing Light-Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy Illumination Beams through Deep Design Optimization bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Chen Li, Mani R Rai, Yuheng Cai, H. Troy Ghashghaei, Alon Greenbaum
Light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) provides the benefit of optical sectioning coupled with rapid acquisition times for imaging of tissue-cleared specimen. This allows for high-resolution 3D imaging of large tissue volumes. Inherently to LSFM, the quality of the imaging heavily relies on the characteristics of the illumination beam, with the notion that the illumination beam only illuminates
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Development and Outcomes of an International Certificate Program in Science Policy and Advocacy for STEM PhD Students and Postdocs bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Adriana Bankston, Amy Ralston, Joanne Ly, Harinder Singh
Scientists must play a significant role in enacting societal change by educating and advising policymakers on relevant policy topics. To fill the identified gap in science policy and advocacy training, during the pandemic years, we piloted and offered the online Science Policy & Advocacy for STEM Scientists Certificate Program starting in 2020. Over three cohorts, the program was focused on practical
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Locally low-rank denoising in transform domains bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Steen Moeller, Erick O Buko, Suhail Parvaze Pathan, Logan Dowdle, Kamil Ugurbil, Casey Johnson, Mehmet Akcakaya
Purpose: To develop an extension to locally low rank (LLR) denoising techniques based on transform domain processing that reduces the number of images required in the MR image series for high-quality denoising. Theory and Methods: LLR methods with random matrix theory-based thresholds are successfully used in the denoising of MR image series in a number of applications. The performance of these methods
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Promoting Transparent, Fair, and Inclusive Practices in Grantmaking: Lessons from the Open and Equitable Model Funding Program. bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Eunice Mercado-Lara, Greg Tananbaum, Erin C McKiernan
The Open Research Funders Group (ORFG) has been instrumental in promoting open and equitable scholarship to enhance academic research's transparency and accessibility. In 2020, the ORFG formed the Equity & Open Science Working Group, leading to the launch of the Open & Equitable Model Funding Program in 2021. This program aimed to refine grantmaking processes for broader inclusivity and equitable open
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Unveiling the Emotional Turmoil: How Covid-19 impacted researchers and the pursuit of emotional well-being in academia. bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Crista Weise, Nuria Sole-Suner, Mariona Corcelles, Anna Sala-Bubare, Montserrat Castello
The Covid-19 crisis unprecedentedly required researchers to adapt to significant changes in their work and personal lives. Our study aims to fill this gap analysing the Covid-19 emotional impact and confinement potential disruptions on researchers activity (specifically, those related to working conditions, caring responsibilities, health, balance, and social support) considering the modulating role
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Impacts of Virtual Reality Experiences: Enhanced Undergraduate Student Performance and Engagement with use of 360-degree video. bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Erica Vola, Rebecca Stoltz, Charles Andrew Schumpert
Virtual reality has been used for a variety of training and gaming purposes. Recent studies have demonstrated their use in higher education enhances student engagement and positively impacts student performance. In this study, we implemented 360-degree video in an introductory biology lab and assessed student attitudes, engagement, and performance on various assessments as well as the overall course
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"When I talk about it, my eyes light up!" Impacts of a national laboratory internship on community college student success bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Laleh E. Cote, Seth Van Doren, Astrid N. Zamora, Julio Jaramillo Salcido, Esther W. Law, Gabriel Otero Munoz, Aparna Manocha, Colette L. Flood, Anne M. Baranger
Participation in research experiences and internships may improve graduation rates and persistence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) among undergraduates, yet very little is known about the benefits of these activities for community college students. To fill this gap, we collected survey and interview data from 43 individuals who completed the Community College Internship
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Analysis of the comparative strengths of intramural and extramural grant funding mechanisms bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Xiang Zheng, Qiyao Yang, Jai Potnuri, Chaoqun Ni, B Ian Hutchins
Science funders utilize a variety of funding mechanisms to advance scientific discovery, and the comparative strengths of these approaches are frequently debated. One prominent example is the contrast between extramurally funded research, where grants are awarded to external institutions, and intramurally funded research, where scientists are directly hired by funding agencies. Each mechanism is backed
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ABCal: a Python package for Author Bias Computation and Scientometric Plotting for Reviews and Meta-Analyses bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Louis S Le Clercq
Systematic reviews are critical summaries of the exiting literature on a given subject and, when combined with meta-analysis, provides a quantitative synthesis of evidence to direct and inform future research. Such reviews must, however, account for complex sources of between study heterogeneity and possible sources of bias, such as publication bias. This paper presents the methods and results of a
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MolecularWebXR: Multiuser discussions about chemistry and biology in immersive and inclusive VR bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Fabio Jose Cortes Rodriguez, Gianfranco Frattini, Fernando Teixeira Pinto Meireles, Danae A Terrien, Sergio Cruz-Leon, Matteo Dal Peraro, Eva Schier, Diego M Moreno, Luciano A Abriata
MolecularWebXR is our new website for education, science communication and scientific peer discussion in chemistry and biology built on WebXR. It democratizes multi-user, inclusive virtual reality (VR) experiences that are deeply immersive for users wearing high-end headsets, yet allow participation by users with consumer devices such as smartphones, possibly inserted into cardboard goggles for immersivity
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Willingness of Japanese people in their 20s, 30s and 40s to pay for genetically modified foods bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Akihiro Mine, Tomoya Myojin, Sawako Okamoto, Miki Hamada, Tomoaki Imamura
The application of genetically modified (GM) technology to food products has increased worldwide. The adaptation has extended to conventional grains and animal products, such as salmon. However, in Japan, the public's acceptance of GM foods is low and experts and policymakers need to know the public's preference for various types of GM foods. Therefore, this study aims to clarify and compare the preferences
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The effect of problem-based learning on improving problem-solving, self-directed learning, and critical thinking ability for the pharmacy students bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Yi-Jing Zhao, Feng-Qing Huang, Qun Liu, Ying Li, Raphael N Alolga, Lei Zhang, Gaoxiang Ma
Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of PBL on problem-solving, self-directed learning, and critical thinking ability of pharmaceutical students through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and meta-analysis of RCTs. Methods: In 2021, 57 third-year pharmacy students from China Pharmaceutical University were randomly divided into a PBL group and a lecture-based learning
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Nationally endorsed learning objectives to improve course design in introductory biology bioRxiv. Sci. Commun. Educ. Pub Date : 2023-10-29 Kelly M Hennessey, Scott Freeman
Introductory biology for majors is one of the most consequential courses in STEM, with annual enrollments of several hundred thousand students in the United States alone. To support increased student success and meet current and projected needs for qualified STEM professionals, it will be crucial to redesign majors biology by using explicit learning objectives (LOs) that can be aligned with assessments