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Impact of dietary incorporation of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and exogenous enzymes on broiler performance, carcass traits, and meat quality. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 J M Pestana,B Puerta,H Santos,M S Madeira,C M Alfaia,P A Lopes,R M A Pinto,J P C Lemos,C M G A Fontes,M M Lordelo,J A M Prates
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Effects of microbial fermentation on the flavor of cured duck legs. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Zhendong Cai,Yifan Ruan,Jun He,Yali Dang,Jinxuan Cao,Yangying Sun,Daodong Pan,Hongwei Tian
In this study, fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was applied to improve the flavor of cured duck leg meat. Odor and taste evaluations, lipid oxidation, volatile flavor substances, and protein degradation were determined to investigate the effects of microbial fermentation on flavor improvement. The results showed that the utilization of L. plantarum represented
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Carvacrol attenuates Campylobacter jejuni colonization factors and proteome critical for persistence in the chicken gut. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 B R Wagle,A M Donoghue,S Shrestha,I Upadhyaya,K Arsi,A Gupta,R Liyanage,N C Rath,D J Donoghue,A Upadhyay
Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen that causes gastroenteritis in humans. Chickens act as the reservoir host for C. jejuni, wherein the pathogen asymptomatically colonizes the ceca leading to contamination of carcasses during slaughter. The major colonization factors in C. jejuni include motility, intestinal epithelial attachment, acid/bile tolerance, and quorum sensing. Reducing the
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Effects of varying dietary intoxication with lead on the performance and ovaries of laying hens. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Y Ma,Y Z Shi,Q J Wu,Y Q Wang,J P Wang,Z H Liu
In this study, we explored the effect of dietary lead nitrate on zootechnical performance, egg quality, accumulation of ovarian plumbum (Pb), follicular atresia rate, and ovarian oxidative stress in laying hens. Furthermore, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling molecule was studied to reveal the molecular mechanism of the stress. A total of 512 Hy-Line Brown laying hens
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An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics study of the immune response of newly hatched chicks to the cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligonucleotide stimulation. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Djomangan Adama Ouattara,Lydie Remolue,Jérémie Becker,Magali Perret,Andrei Bunescu,Kristin Hennig,Emeline Biliaut,Annemanuelle Badin,Cesarino Giacomini,Frédéric Reynier,Christine Andreoni,Frédéric Béquet,Patrick Lecine,Karelle De Luca
The immunological immaturity of the innate immune system during the first-week post-hatch enables pathogens to infect chickens, leading to the death of the animals. Current preventive solutions to improve the resistance of chicks to infections include vaccination, breeding, and sanitation. Other prophylactic solutions have been investigated, such as the stimulation of animal health with immunostimulants
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Effect of Bacillus-direct-fed microbial on leaky gut, serum peptide YY concentration, bone mineralization, and ammonia excretion in neonatal female turkey poults fed with a rye-based diet. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 G Tellez,M A Arreguin-Nava,J A Maguey,M A Michel,J D Latorre,R Merino-Guzman,X Hernandez-Velasco,P A Moore,B M Hargis,G Tellez-Isaias
Rye is high in nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP), a complex carbohydrate which cannot be digested by poultry as they lack the endogenous enzymes to do so. Exogenous carbohydrases must therefore be supplemented to avoid the antinutritional effects associated with a high NSP diet. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of a rye-based diet with and without supplementation of a
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Current status of vaccine research, development, and challenges of vaccines for Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-27 Muhammad Ishfaq,Wanying Hu,Mohammad Zeb Khan,Ijaz Ahmad,Wenxin Guo,Jichang Li
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is an important avian pathogen that causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Surprisingly, the limited protection and adverse reactions caused by the vaccines, including live vaccines, bacterin-based (killed) vaccines, and recombinant viral vaccines is still a major concern. Mycoplasma gallisepticum strains vary in infectivity and virulence and infection
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Alteration of immunological parameters in infectious bronchitis vaccinated-specific pathogen-free broilers after the use of different infectious bursal disease vaccines. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Caterina Lupini,Giulia Quaglia,Giulia Mescolini,Elisa Russo,Roberta Salaroli,Monica Forni,Sara Boldini,Elena Catelli
The vaccines currently available to control infectious bursal disease (IBD) include live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines, immune-complex vaccines, and vaccines consisting of viral constructs of herpesvirus of turkeys genetically engineered to express VP2 surface protein. To evaluate the impact of vaccines on the chicken immune system, 2 animal trials were performed in specific pathogen-free broiler
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The body fat distribution and fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues in geese. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 J Yu,H M Yang,Y Y Lai,X L Wan,Z Y Wang
In this study, we evaluated the body fat distribution and fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues of Yangzhou geese, including thirty 60-day-old goslings (15 males and 15 females) and 20 320-day-old geese (10 males and 10 females). Adipose tissues of Yangzhou geese were distributed widely and could be divided into 5 types: subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat, sartorial fat, neck fat, and
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Viability of Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms on major food-contact surfaces and eggshell treated during 35 days with and without water storage at room temperature. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Ki-Hoon Lee,Ji-Young Lee,Pantu Kumar Roy,Md Furkanur Rahaman Mizan,Md Iqbal Hossain,Si Hong Park,Sang-Do Ha
Salmonella is one of the main foodborne pathogens that affect humans and farm animals. The Salmonella genus comprises a group of food-transmitted pathogens that cause highly prevalent foodborne diseases throughout the world. The aim of this study was to appraise the viability of Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm under water treatment at room temperature on different surfaces, specifically stainless steel
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Staphylococci in poultry intestines: a comparison between farmed and household chickens. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Muhammad Ali Syed,Hakim Ullah,Sadia Tabassum,Bushra Fatima,Tiffanie A Woodley,Hazem Ramadan,Charlene R Jackson
Both pathogenic as well as nonpathogenic species of staphylococci have been reported in poultry, but these studies have not compared staphylococcal flora of both farmed and household broiler chickens. Staphylococci from farmed (n = 51) and household chicken intestines (n = 43) were isolated and tested for resistance to antimicrobials, presence of resistance genes, and inhibitory activity against other
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Prevalence of Salmonella enterica on poultry processing equipment after completion of sanitization procedures. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Tomi Obe,Rama Nannapaneni,Wes Schilling,Li Zhang,Chris McDaniel,Aaron Kiess
Salmonella is a poultry-borne pathogen that causes illness throughout the world. Consequently, it is critical to control Salmonella during the process of converting broilers to poultry meat. Sanitization of a poultry processing facility, including processing equipment, is a crucial control measure that is utilized by poultry integrators. However, prevalence of Salmonella on equipment after sanitization
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Effect of chestnut wood extract on performance, meat quality, antioxidant status, immune function, and cholesterol metabolism in broilers. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 H S Liu,S U Mahfuz,D Wu,Q H Shang,X S Piao
Plant extracts have been proved as natural antioxidants resources as well as alternative feed additives in livestock and poultry species. Chestnut wood extract (CWE) as a source of hydrolysable tannic acid was used to evaluate the growth performance, nutrient retention, meat quality, antioxidant status, and immune function of broilers. A total of 168, day-old Arbor Acre male broilers (weight 46.59
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Defining characteristics of immersion carbon dioxide gas for successful euthanasia of neonatal and young broilers. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 B I Baker,S Torrey,T M Widowski,P V Turner,T D Knezacek,J Nicholds,T G Crowe,K Schwean-Lardner
This study investigated how the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration within a chamber affects the efficacy of CO2 euthanasia and how the efficacy of CO2 induction methods changes as birds age. In experiment 1, pairs of broiler chicks (n = 192; 0, 3, and 6 D of age) were immersed into a chamber prefilled with 70, 80, 90, or 100% CO2. For experiment 2, 3- and 6-day-old broiler chicks (n = 88) were immersed
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Novel goose-origin astrovirus infection in geese: the effect of age at infection. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Da An,Ji Zhang,Jing Yang,Yi Tang,Youxiang Diao
Since 2017, a serious infectious disease characterized by visceral gout has emerged in China's main goose-producing regions. The disease has caused huge economic losses to China's goose industry. In our previous study, we determined that the pathogen causing gout in goslings is a novel goose-origin astrovirus, designated as AStV/SDPY/Goose/1116/17 (AStV-SDPY) strain. To investigate the effect of host
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Probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H57 ameliorates subclinical necrotic enteritis in broiler chicks by maintaining intestinal mucosal integrity and improving feed efficiency. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 S Shini,D Zhang,R C Aland,X Li,P J Dart,M J Callaghan,R E Speight,W L Bryden
Subclinical necrotic enteritis (NE) was induced in broiler chicks using a high dose of Eimeria spp. vaccine in the drinking water on day 9, and Clostridium perfringens (Cp) culture mixed in the feed on days 14 and 15. The aim was to evaluate the effects of probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 (H57) in preventing NE in chicks. Day-old Ross 308, male broilers were weighed and randomly assigned
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Muscle water properties in raw intact broiler breast fillets with the woody breast condition. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 B Pang,B Bowker,G Gamble,J Zhang,Y Yang,X Yu,J-X Sun,H Zhuang
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between muscle water properties, water-holding capacity (WHC), and woody breast (WB) severity in intact raw broiler breast fillets. Broiler pectoralis major deboned at 3 h postmortem was collected from a commercial plant and categorized as normal (NORM), moderate WB, or severe WB (SEV). Meat drip loss was calculated based on weight loss
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Relationship between chemical composition and standardized ileal digestible amino acid contents of corn grain in broiler chickens. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Behzad Sadighi Sheikhhasan,Hossein Moravej,Fateme Ghaziani,Enric Esteve-Garcia,Woo Kyun Kim
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of corn grain and to use these data to develop prediction equations for estimating total amino acids (TAAs) and standardized ileal digestible amino acids (SIDAAs) for broiler chickens. Four types of corn grains were obtained from different origins (Brazil, Ukraine, Russia, and Iran). Eighty-day-old
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Differences in performance, body conformation, and welfare of conventional and slow-growing broiler chickens raised at 2 stocking densities. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 S L Weimer,A Mauromoustakos,D M Karcher,M A Erasmus
Consumer concern for broiler welfare has increased interest in chicken from slower growing (SG) broiler strains. Broilers from SG strains take longer to reach market weight, which may necessitate differences in management practices, such as stocking density. This study evaluated the effects of 2 stocking densities on production performance, body conformation, and welfare of broilers from 2 strains
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2-Nitro-1-propanol improved nutrient digestibility and oocyst shedding but not growth performance of Eimeria-challenged broilers. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Po-Yun Teng,Sudhir Yadav,Tatiane Souza Dos Santos,Alberta Lorraine Fuller,Woo Kyun Kim
A 2 × 3 factorial arrangement study was conducted to evaluate 3 dosages of 2-nitro-1-propanol (NP; 0, 150, and 200 ppm) on intestinal health of birds with or without Eimeria challenge. A total of 432 thirteen-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly allocated to 6 treatments with 8 replicate cages of 9 birds per cage. All birds were fed with treatment diets from day 13 to 21. Birds in the challenge
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Associations between welfare and ranging profile in free-range commercial and heritage meat-purpose chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Joanna Marchewka,Patryk Sztandarski,Żaneta Zdanowska-Sąsiadek,Krzysztof Damaziak,Franciszek Wojciechowski,Anja B Riber,Stefan Gunnarsson
Despite consumers' belief that access to an outdoor range improves chicken welfare, still little is known about whether this is true and whether individual ranging profiles relate to the birds' welfare. The aim of the present study was to identify and compare welfare issues of the traditional broiler hybrid Sasso and the Polish heritage chicken Green-legged Partridge, having outdoor access, and examine
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Killing individual poultry on-farm-a survey among veterinarians and farmers. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Anneleen Watteyn,Leonie Jacobs,Bart Ampe,Christel P H Moons,An Garmyn,Frank A M Tuyttens
To date, information about reasons to select and kill poultry on-farm and which method veterinarians and poultry producers preferably use is scarce. Little is also known about their knowledge of the legislation regarding on-farm killing methods and of methods alternative to the one(s) they use, as well as their perception of those alternatives. In this study, Flemish poultry veterinarians (n = 13)
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Time course of nutritional and functional property changes in egg yolk from laying hens fed docosahexaenoic acid-rich microalgae. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Bing Liu,Qin Zhou,Jiaming Zhu,Gang Lin,Dongyou Yu,Tuoying Ao
Marine microalgae (MA) has received wide attention as a promising source of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) enrichment in animal products to improve the health status and wellbeing of the consumers. This study evaluated dynamic changes in n-3 LC-PUFA, color, and functional properties as well as atherogenic and thrombogenic health lipid indices of egg yolk from hens fed
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The effect of total flavonoids of Epimedium on granulosa cell development in laying hens. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Yu Guo,Yurong Li,Shuang Zhang,Xianjun Wu,Luying Jiang,Qianhui Zhao,Wenhui Xue,Shuying Huo
To investigate the impact of total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE) on the development of follicles of laying hens, 3 types of follicles including primary, prehierarchical, and preovulatory follicles were selected to obtain the follicular granulosa cells cultured in vitro. First, extraction of TFE was conducted by alcohol-soluble and ultrasonic methods. The effects of TFE on activity and proliferation
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Study on the bacteriostatic action of Chinese herbal medicine on avian Trichosporon. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Shuang Zhang,Yu Guo,Qianhui Zhao,Wenhui Xue,Yurong Li,Xianjun Wu,Shuying Huo
In this study, a strain of Trichosporon was isolated from white pseudomembranes and ulcers formed on mucous membranes of pigeon bursas and was identified through gene sequencing. Bacteriostatic actions of Acorus gramineus, Sophora flavescens, Polygonum hydropiper, and Chinese herbal mixture on this species were explored in vitro, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of herbal medicines against
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Effects of replacing dietary Aureomycin with a combination of plant essential oils on production performance and gastrointestinal health of broilers. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Fuguang Xue,Lei Shi,Yunlei Li,Aixin Ni,Hui Ma,Yanyan Sun,Jilan Chen
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of replacing antibiotics with a combination of plant essential oils on the growth performances and gastrointestinal health of broilers. A total of 720 1-day-old male AA broilers were randomly divided into 3 treatments: the control treatment (CON), the Aureomycin supplementation treatment (AGP), and the combined plant oils supplementation treatment
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Methionine improves feather follicle development in chick embryos by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 M J Chen,W Y Xie,N X Pan,X Q Wang,H C Yan,C Q Gao
This study was conducted to explore the regulatory role of methionine (Met) in feather follicle and feather development during the embryonic period of chicks. A total of 280 fertile eggs (40 eggs/group) were injected with 0, 5, 10, 20 mg of L-Met or DL-Met/per egg on embryonic day 9 (E9), and whole-body feather and skin tissues were collected on E15 and the day of hatching (DOH). The whole-body feather
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Rearing cage type and dietary limestone particle size: I, effects on growth, apparent retention of calcium, and long bones attributes in Lohmann selected Leghorn-Lite pullets. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Tanka Khanal,Grégoy Y Bédécarrats,Tina Widowski,Elijah G Kiarie
Effects of rearing cage type and dietary limestone particle size (LPS) on growth, apparent retention (AR) of nutrients, and bone quality were investigated. The treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with cage (conventional, CON and furnished, FUR) and LPS (fine, < 0.595 mm, F; medium, 0.595 to < 1.68 mm, M; and 1:1 mixture of F and M wt/wt; FM). A total of 900-day-old Lohmann LSL-Lite chicks
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Genotype-dependent development of cellular and humoral immunity in the spleen and cecal tonsils of chickens stimulated in ovo with bioactive compounds. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 J P Madej,J Skonieczna,M Siwek,A Kowalczyk,E Łukaszewicz,A Slawinska
Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics, delivered in ovo influence the colonization and development of the peripheral immune system in poultry. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the host genotype (broiler chickens [Ross 308] and old native Polish breed Green-legged Partridgelike [GP] chickens) on the number of B and T cells in the spleen and cecal tonsils (CT). The solution of a bioactive
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Assessing the efficacy of a recombinant H9N2 avian influenza virus-inactivated vaccine. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Cai Liang Song,Zhi Hong Liao,Yong Shen,Huang Wang,Wen Cheng Lin,Hongxin Li,Wei Guo Chen,Qing Mei Xie
The H9N2 avian influenza virus has been widely spread in poultry around the world. It is proved to the world that the avian influenza virus can directly infect human beings without any intermediate host adaptation in "1997 Hong Kong avian influenza case," which shows that the avian influenza virus not only causes significant losses to the poultry industry but also affects human health. In this study
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Impacts of antibiotic reduction strategies on zootechnical performances, health control, and Eimeria spp. excretion compared with conventional antibiotic programs in commercial broiler chicken flocks. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Eric Parent,Marie Archambault,Robert J Moore,Martine Boulianne
Increasing efforts have been made in recent years to reduce antimicrobial use in animal production. The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate, in commercial broiler chicken farms, 2 antibiotic reduction strategies that eliminated the use of antibiotics important for human medicine, in comparison with the conventional use of antibiotics. On 7 broiler chicken farms, a house was allocated
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Melatonin mediates monochromatic light-induced proliferation of T/B lymphocytes in the spleen via the membrane receptor or nuclear receptor. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Juanjuan Xiong,Zixu Wang,Jing Cao,Yulan Dong,Yaoxing Chen
Our studies found that melatonin mediates the monochromatic light-induced lymphocyte proliferation in chickens. However, melatonin receptor subtypes contain membrane receptor (Mel1a/Mel1b/Mel1c) and nuclear receptor (Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor [ROR] α/RORβ/RORγ) and are characteristic with cell specificity. This study compared receptor pathway of melatonin, which mediated the monochromatic
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Explanations for keel bone fractures in laying hens: are there explanations in addition to elevated egg production? Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Michael J Toscano,Ian C Dunn,Jens-Peter Christensen,Stefanie Petow,Kathe Kittelsen,Reiner Ulrich
The current article served to provide the most up-to-date information regarding the causes of keel bone fracture. Although elevated and sustained egg production is likely a major contributing factor toward fractures, new information resulting from the development of novel methodologies suggests complementary causes that should be investigated. We identified 4 broad areas that could explain variation
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Chicken avian β-defensin 8 modulates immune response via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in a chicken macrophage cell line. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Yeojin Hong,Jiae Lee,Thi Hao Vu,Sooyeon Lee,Hyun S Lillehoj,Yeong Ho Hong
Defensins are antimicrobial peptides composed of 3 conserved disulfide bridges, a β-sheet, and both hydrophobic and cationic amino acids. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the immunomodulation role of avian β-defensin 8 (AvBD8) in a chicken macrophage cell line. Chicken AvBD8 stimulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, interferon gamma, and IL-12p40) and chemokines (CCL4, CXCL13
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Strain differences and effects of different stocking densities during rearing on the musculoskeletal development of pullets. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 D L Fawcett,T M Casey-Trott,L Jensen,L J Caston,T M Widowski
There are few published studies on the effect of stocking density (SD) of pullets, particularly between different genetic lines. The objectives of this study were to determine if strain or SD affects musculoskeletal development of pullets and determine any impact on the productivity and keel bone health of adult hens. Lohmann Selected Leghorn Lite (LSL), Dekalb White (DW), and Lohmann Brown (LB) pullets
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Interactions between egg storage duration and broiler breeder age on egg fat content, chicken organ weights, and growth performance. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 Hedia Nasri,Henry van den Brand,Taha Najjar,Moncef Bouzouaia
Egg storage and breeder age are between the most important factors affecting egg lipids, chicken quality, and posthatch performance. To evaluate these factors, including their interaction, the impact of egg storage duration (5, 12, and 19 D), and breeder age (47 and 67 wk) was investigated in Arbor Acres broiler eggs and chickens. Total yolk fat content, chicken organ development at hatch and at 6
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The interactive influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 W N U Perera,M R Abdollahi,F Zaefarian,T J Wester,V Ravindran
The influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on performance, nutrient and energy utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters (day 1-21) fed pelleted barley-based diets was evaluated. Two barley particle sizes (fine and coarse) and 4 enzyme treatments (nonsupplemented [control], carbohydrase [0.15 g/kg of feed; Carb], phytase [0.10 g/kg; Phy] and combination of carbohydrase
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Effects of different egg turning frequencies on incubation efficiency parameters. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 Gabriel da S Oliveira,Vinícius M Dos Santos,Jullyana C Rodrigues,Sheila T Nascimento
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different egg turning frequencies on incubation efficiency parameters. Nine hundred sixty brown fertile eggs, with an average weight of 52.20 ± 0.85 g, from 38-week-old CJD (Carijó Pesadão) breeder hens were randomly distributed among 4 treatments before incubation. Each treatment corresponded to a turning frequency, being 24 (control), 12, 6, or 3 times
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Differential immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D (1,25 (OH)2 D3) on the innate immune response in different types of cells infected in vitro with infectious bursal disease virus. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 J Jaime,D S Vargas-Bermúdez,A Yitbarek,J Reyes,J C Rodríguez-Lecompte
It has been demonstrated that vitamin D (Vit D) included in diets offers a beneficial effect by improving innate immune responses in chickens. However, its mechanisms of action and the effect on immunosuppressive pathogens, such as infectious bursal disease virus, are not yet known. In the present study, we have studied the immunomodulatory effect of Vit D on the innate immune response in 3 cell lines:
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Adiponectin and its receptor genes' expression in response to Marek's disease virus infection of White Leghorns. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 Ying Bai,Ping Yuan,Huanmin Zhang,Ramesh Ramachandran,Ning Yang,Jiuzhou Song
Marek's disease virus (MDV) causes T-cell lymphoma in susceptible chicken and is also related to an imbalance of the lipid metabolism. Adiponectin is a circulatory cytokine secreted from adipose tissue and exerts critical metabolic functions. Although the associations between adiponectin and diseases, including lipid disorder and noncardiac vascular diseases, have been reported, little is known about
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Associations between on-farm welfare measures and slaughterhouse data in commercial flocks of turkey hens (Meleagris gallopavo). Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 Joanna Marchewka,Guro Vasdal,Randi O Moe
There is a growing demand for documentation of animal welfare in meat production industry. Research on turkey welfare has mainly focused on toms at the end of production cycle, and information on the relationship between on-farm welfare and slaughterhouse recordings for turkey hens is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between routinely collected slaughterhouse
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Consequences of various housing systems and dietary supplementation of thymol, carvacrol, and euganol on performance, egg quality, blood chemistry, and antioxidant parameters. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 Mahmoud M Abo Ghanima,Mahmoud Alagawany,Mohamed E Abd El-Hack,Ayman Taha,Shaaban S Elnesr,Jamaan Ajarem,Ahmed A Allam,Ayman M Mahmoud
The present work was carried out to investigate the influences of housing system and dietary essential oils (EOs) supplementation to laying hens on the productive performance, egg quality, immunity, antioxidant parameters, and hematology. A factorial arrangement (2 × 4) was performed, including 2 housing systems and 4 different types of EOs (without EOs, thymol, carvacrol, and euganol) during the production
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Research Note: Bone ash from immature broilers correlates to bone mineral content calculated from quantitative computed tomography scans. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 Abby Pritchard,Cara Robison,Brian D Nielsen
Owing to selection for rapid growth and heavy muscle, bone deformities and injuries in broiler chickens are common and present a welfare concern. Recently, clinical quantitative computed tomography scans (QCTs) have been used for laying hens with significant, strong correlations between QCT-generated bone mineral content (BMC), bone ash, and analytical calcium. The objectives of this study were to
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Rapid and visual detection of novel astroviruses causing fatal gout in goslings using one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Jun Ji,Qinxi Chen,Chaoge Sui,Wen Hu,Zhengli Yu,Zhibin Zhang,Xinhao Mu,Xin Xu,Lunguang Yao,Yunchao Kan,Qingmei Xie
To visually and rapidly detect a novel goose astrovirus (N-GoAstV) causing fatal gout in goslings, an isothermal detection method based on one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (one-step RT-LAMP) was established. The one-step RT-LAMP assay for N-GoAstV detection, using Bst 3.0 DNA polymerase with strong reverse transcription activity and primer sets targeting the opening
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The relation between liver damage and reproduction in female Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Shaoxia Pu,Kento Usuda,Kentaro Nagaoka,Andrea Gore,David Crews,Gen Watanabe
Reproductive failure associated with heat stress is a well-known phenomenon in poultry. High temperatures also induce various metabolic disturbances in many animals. Because the liver plays a central role in metabolism, the present study aimed to clarify the relationship between liver and reproduction in Japanese quails exposed to high temperatures. In the consecutive 20-D experimental period, quails
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Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation improves feed conversion in broilers subjected to heat stress associated with muscle creatine loading and arginine sparing. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 M Majdeddin,U Braun,A Lemme,A Golian,H Kermanshahi,S De Smet,J Michiels
It was hypothesized that dietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), the precursor of creatine (Cr), would be beneficial to heat-stressed finisher broilers owing to improved cellular energy status and arginine sparing effects. A total of 720 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were allocated to 3 treatments, 0 (control), 0.6, or 1.2 g/kg of GAA added to complete corn-soybean meal diets, and were fed for 39
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Effects of pantothenic acid on growth performance and antioxidant status of growing male white Pekin ducks. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Jing Tang,Bo Zhang,Suyun Liang,Yongbao Wu,Yulong Feng,Zhanbao Guo,Guangnan Xing,Jinglin Jiao,Zhengkui Zhou,Ming Xie,Shuisheng Hou
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary pantothenic acid levels on growth performance, carcass traits, pantothenic acid status, and antioxidant status of male white Pekin ducks from 15 to 42 D of age and to evaluate the requirement of this vitamin for growing ducks. Different levels pantothenic acid (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/kg) were supplemented to a corn-soy isolate protein
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Effects of dietary Original XPC on selected blood variables in layer pullets challenged with Mycoplasma gallisepticum,. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 E D Peebles,K E C Elliott,S L Branton,J D Evans,S A Leigh,E J Kim,H A Olanrewaju,G T Pharr,H O Pavlidis,P D Gerard
Effects of dietary Original XPC (XPC) on 17 selected blood variables in commercial layer pullets challenged with the virulent, low-passage R strain of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (RlowMG) were investigated. Hy-Line W-36 pullets sourced from M. gallisepticum-clean layer breeders were fed a basal diet with XPC (1.25 kg/metric ton) or without from hatch until 12 wk of age (woa). At 8 and 10 woa, half of
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Early infection with Histomonas meleagridis has limited effects on broiler breeder hens' growth and egg production and quality. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Elle Chadwick,Ramon Malheiros,Edgar Oviedo,Hernan Alejandro Cordova Noboa,Gustavo Adolfo Quintana Ospina,Maria Camila Alfaro Wisaquillo,Christina Sigmon,Robert Beckstead
A study was conducted to determine differences between Histomonas meleagridis-infected and control pullets based on disease signs, hen growth, and egg production and quality. Ross 708SF females were weighed and then placed in pens on the day of hatch (92 chicks/pen). At 25 D, 4 pens were infected with H. meleagridis in the cloaca, whereas 4 pens were control. At 5, 10, and 20 D after inoculation, 5
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Effects of acute heat stress at different ambient temperature on hepatic redox status in broilers. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Qixiang Miao,Xueyang Si,Yanjiao Xie,Lei Chen,Zhen Liu,Lei Liu,Xiangfang Tang,Hongfu Zhang
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different acute high ambient temperatures on redox status in liver of broilers. A total of 144 35-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates of 6 birds each and subsequently distributed in different environment chambers for acute heat stress. The temperature of 4 environment chambers were set to 26°C (control), 29°C
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Dust bathing in laying hens: strain, proximity to, and number of conspecifics matter. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Tessa C Grebey,Ahmed B A Ali,Janice C Swanson,Tina M Widowski,Janice M Siegford
As housing laying hens in aviaries becomes more common, understanding relationships between social context and performance of key behaviors, such as dust bathing (DB), is important. Expression of behaviors may be increased or repressed by the presence of conspecifics, and degree of behavioral synchrony can affect per hen resource allocation. We investigated relationships between number of hens on litter
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Comparison of an intermittent, short-dawn/dusk photoperiod with an increasing, long-dawn/dusk photoperiod on broiler growth, stress, and welfare. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Jill R Nelson,Joey L Bray,Juliette Delabbio,Gregory S Archer
Photoperiod has been shown to significantly affect broiler performance. However, the effects of the traditional 1-min dimming period on broiler growth and welfare are unclear. In this study, 4 consecutive trials were conducted to compare the effects of an intermittent, short-dawn/dusk photoperiod (ISD) to an increasing, long-dawn/dusk photoperiod (ILD) on broiler growth, stress, and welfare. Straight
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Modeling life-time energy partitioning in broiler breeders with differing body weight and rearing photoperiods. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-19 S A S van der Klein,G Y Bédécarrats,M J Zuidhof
Understanding energy partitioning in broiler breeders is needed to provide efficiency indicators for breeding purposes. This study compared 4 nonlinear models partitioning metabolizable energy (ME) intake to BW, average daily gain (ADG), and egg mass (EM) and described the effect of BW and rearing photoperiod on energy partitioning. Ross 708 broiler breeders (n = 180) were kept in 6 pens, controlling
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Effect of dietary synbiotic supplementation on performance parameters in turkey poults administered a mixed Eimeria species inoculation I. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-19 Audrey F Duff,W N Briggs,K M Chasser,M S Lilburn,B Syed,S Ramirez,R Murugesan,C Pender,L R Bielke
This study examined the effects a synbiotic feed additive (PoultryStar meUS) on performance and intestinal health parameters in turkey poults administered a mixed Eimeria inoculation. The synbiotic feed additive consisted of Lactobacillus reuteri, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium animalis, Pediococcus acidilactici and a fructo-oligosaccharide prebiotic. Dietary treatments began on day of hatch
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Effect of coccidial challenge and vaccination on the performance, veterinary postmortem scores, and blood biochemistry of broiler chickens. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-19 A J Cowieson,M L Livingston,B Nogal,V Hoang,Y-T Wang,R Crespo,K A Livingston
A total of 960 male Cobb 500 broilers were used in a growth performance study to explore the effect of coccidial vaccination and/or coccidial challenge on blood biochemistry and veterinary postmortem metrics. Day-old chicks were randomly divided into one of the 4 experimental treatments. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with the factors being without or with vaccination (administered
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The effect of methionine and folic acid administered in ovo on the hematological parameters of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Barbara Tombarkiewicz,Karolina Trzeciak,Bartosz Bojarski,Marcin W Lis
Methionine (Met), an essential amino acid in poultry diets, when overdosed may cause hyperhomocysteinemia, which is mainly a trigger for cardiovascular diseases in humans. Homocysteine is neutralized (remethylated) in the presence of folic acid (FA), which also plays an important role in hematopoiesis and participates in the synthesis of DNA, and its deficiencies may result in the development of neural
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Coinfection of novel goose parvovirus-associated virus and duck circovirus in feather sacs of Cherry Valley ducks with feather shedding syndrome. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Yupeng Yang,Nana Sui,Ruihua Zhang,Jingjing Lan,Pengfei Li,Caiyu Lian,Hanqing Li,Zhijing Xie,Shijin Jiang
Since 2017, an infectious disease, named feather shedding syndrome (FSS), has consistently broken out in Cherry Valley ducks in East China. The sick ducks showed the new clinical symptoms of feather shedding and being plucked off with difficulty after slaughter. The high incidence rate of 20 to 70% predominantly happened in ducks of 4 to 5 wk of age, and nearly 40% mortality rate was observed in infected
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Forsythia suspensa extract enhances performance via the improvement of nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory function, and gut morphology in broilers. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 S F Long,T F He,D Wu,M Yang,X S Piao
This experiment aims to determine the effects of Forsythia suspense extract (FSE) as an antibiotic substitute on performance, antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory function, intestinal morphology, and meat fatty acid deposition in broilers. 192 male Arbor Acre broilers (1-day-old, weighing 45.6 ± 1.3 g) were randomly allocated to 3 treatments, 8 replicate pens per treatment, 8 broilers per pen. The
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Graded Eimeria challenge linearly regulated growth performance, dynamic change of gastrointestinal permeability, apparent ileal digestibility, intestinal morphology, and tight junctions of broiler chickens. Poul. Sci. (IF 2.659) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Po-Yun Teng,Sudhir Yadav,Fernanda Lima de Souza Castro,Yuguo Hou Tompkins,Alberta Lorraine Fuller,Woo Kyun Kim
This study was conducted to evaluate graded Eimeria challenge on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility, gastrointestinal permeability, intestinal morphology, gene expression of tight junction protein, and intestinal lesion scores in broiler chickens. There were 5 groups in this study, including a control and 4 different Eimeria treatment doses. A mixed Eimeria spp. solution with 50,000 Eimeria