Crop yield in rainfed conditions is greatly influenced by meteorological parameters such as rainfall and evapotranspiration. As climate indices (AO, NAO, PNA, NINO-3.4, and AAO) are available for the future months, finding the relationship between crop yield with meteorological parameters and the relationship between meteorological parameters with climate indices can be very useful in predicting annual

Changes in precipitation and drought are major threats to rainfed wheat production in drylands. Understanding the impacts of precipitation fluctuations on wheat production can provide insight into future crop production under climate change. We conducted an eight-year field experiment to estimate the effect of tillage (no-tillage, NT; deep tillage, DT; subsoiling, SS) system on the soil water consumption

The mode of sparse planting with high N(nitrogen) application in Northeast China is not conducive to high and stable yields nor efficient use of resources. This study investigated if dense planting with less N fertilization in rice could improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and increase yield in Northeast China. we conducted a field experiment using Jijing 88 and Tonghe 99 as planting material and

Adoption of water-saving cultivation strategy for cereal crops benefits development of the sustainable agriculture worldwide. In this study, the effects of water supply on agronomic traits, ABA contents, drought response-associated physiological parameters, and expression patterns of the ABA receptor family genes during late stage were investigated. Under normal irrigation condition (NI, with irrigations

Foliar spray of growth promoters significantly ameliorated the harmful effects of environmental warming and nutrient deficiency on growth, development and yield of major field crops. So, the current experiment was carried out to evaluate the potential effects of five growth promoting substances, including Moringa leaf extract, Polydol, Multisol, Classic and Asahi star along with water and no spray

Sensitivity analysis (SA) can identify the most critical parameters for crop growth model output, thus helping to improve model calibration efficiency. However, when combined with different production conditions, especially adverse conditions such as water stress and fertilizer stress, parameter sensitivity remains unclear. This study (i) assessed the sensitivity of the output response of the CERES-Maize

Nitrogen management plays important roles in high-yielding rice production. In this two-year study, four rice cultivars were used to investigate the effects of the nitrogen application regime on yields, yield components, photosynthetic characteristics, and the dry matter accumulation and transformation of rice. Under a split-plot design, the main plots were assigned to five nitrogen application strategies

Yield crops is a complex component depending on several grain filling traits. Knowledge of their relative contribution to grain yield determination under contrasting environments is essential to optimize grain yield and its stability. This study evaluates the changes resulting from durum wheat breeding in Morocco during the last three decades on grain filling rate (R) and duration (D), final grain

Coordinated uptake and utilization of water and nitrogen (N) is important for high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of winter wheat. The relationship between soil water consumption and N uptake and utilization has not previously been widely investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the regulatory effects of different seeding rates with wide-space sowing on water consumption and N

This study assessed the impact of spatio-temporal changes in weather variables (minimum and maximum temperatures, and precipitation), aridity index (AI), and four agro-climatic indices on grain yield of rainfed chickpea in the northwest of Iran between 1998 and 2017. The four agro-climatic indices were accumulative temperatures less than Tmin (TLB), number of days with temperatures less than Tmin (DLB)

In semi-arid regions, selecting cultivars and planning management practices are critical issues for improving yields and reducing risks of maize cultivation in the short summer cropping season. This study aimed to assess the responses of grain yield (GY) and important phenotypic characteristics of maize cultivars from different maturity groups under various irrigation regimes, planting dates, and nitrogen

The subtropical region in Eastern China, with abundant hydrothermal resources and widely distributed lowland polders, is a traditional agricultural production area. The rice–wheat rotation system is often regarded as a dominant source of agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Under the general trend of global warming, it is of vital significance to explore farmland production methods for the

The architecture of rice plant represents important and complex agronomic traits, such as panicles morphology, which directly influence the microclimate of rice population and consequently grain yield. To enhance yield, modification of plant architecture to create new hybrid cultivars is considered a sustainable approach. The current study includes an investigation of yield and microclimate response

Under continuous no-till, gypsum has been successfully used to manage soil fertility and improve crop yield. Nitrogen (N) fertilization is critical for crop performance, however, since it is expensive and potentially pollutant, it must be correctly applied. Both subjects have been widely studied, yet there is a lack of information on the interaction between them, especially concerning crops in rotation

With respect to the significance of finding methods, which may improve corn (Zea mays L.) yield and quality in the semi-arid areas of the world, an improved method and type of fertilization has been suggested and tested. A two-year field experiment (2016–2017) (split plot) was conducted in the Research Station of Safi-Abad, Dezful, Iran to test the effects of fertilization methods (soil application

In arid and semi- arid regions selecting the appropriate planting method and irrigation regime along with optimum plant density are three critical factors that affect the yield and physiological characteristics of sugar beet. Therefore, in order to find the optimum field managements in sugar beet cultivation the split-split plot arrangement was used to examine the effects of three irrigation regimes

Plant phenology becoming a focus of current research worldwide is a sensitive indicator of global climate change. To understand observed soybean phenology and explore its climatic determinants in frigid region (Northeast China and northeast in Inner Mongolia), we studied the phenological changes of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for the frigid region during 1981–2017, then analyzed the contribution

Declining soil quality is among the factors leading to low crop yields in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, a 2 year on farm field experiment was carried out in Ethiopia to test whether integration of organic and inorganic fertilizer inputs increases soil quality, the nutrient balance and maize yields. Treatment combinations included 2 and 4 t ha−1 of compost (Com) and farm yard manure (FYM), and

Scientific data on emmer wheat’s response to N and water supplies is scarce. Two field experiments were conducted on a group of five emmer wheat landraces (Joneghan, Zarneh, Singerd, Shahrekord, Khoygan), a durum, and a bread wheat genotype. In the first experiment, the genotypes were subjected to 30 (N-limited) and 100 kg N ha–1 (N-supplied) at non-stress and drought stress conditions. In the second

The present study carried out to evaluate the effects of irrigation regimes (control and water stress) and two nitrogen levels (0, and 112.5 kg ha−1) on dry matter yield and silage quality of proso millet, sorghum and corn plants in 2015–2016. Results showed that dry matter (DM) yields of millet, sorghum and corn plants decreased as a result of water shortage. Under both irrigation regimes, the highest

Wheat is an important agricultural crop globally. India ranks second in the world, accounting for ~ 14% of global wheat production. Wheat provides food and livelihood to a large Indian population. India would require improving its wheat yield significantly to feed the growing population. Ascertaining the wheat yield trends and their sensitivity to rising temperatures is crucial to enable sustainable

Soil amendments such as biochar and biofertilizers may improve chickpea productivity but there is limited information on whether this response could be through an increase in soil pH and nodulation. We aimed to determine whether the previously observed positive effects of biochar and rhizobium inoculation on soil pH and chickpea nodulation would result in similar improvements in the proportion of radiation

Global climate change escalates the rise of atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature, which impact crop production in agricultural ecosystems. As the second important macronutrient, phosphorus (P) fundamentally mediates the crop adaptability to climate change. An overview on previous work on crop P acquisition and soil P dynamics in responses to elevated CO2 and temperature would be critical for

Approaches to meet increasing demand for cereals while improving agricultural resource use efficiency have been extensively studied. However, the dominant intensive agricultural paradigm still considers high yield and increased nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) to be contradictory goals. The objective of this study was to determine whether increased yield requires a proportional increase in N application

The expansion of conservation agriculture (CA) requires an immediate attention on targeted breeding for the next generation of wheat cultivars that are adapted to CA system and maintain their productivity under severe drought conditions in unpredictable Mediterranean environments. In this study, eight released bread and durum wheat cultivars, differing in growth habit, were evaluated for grain yield

Sensitivity analysis is helpful for improving the efficiency and accuracy of the calibration of crop growth models. However, parameter sensitivity is still not well understood when combined with different meteorological and production conditions, especially adverse conditions such as water stress. This study simulated the production of winter wheat in four ecological areas in Henan Province, China

Water and nutrients scarcity are the two major factors for yield reduction in many wheat-producing areas of the world. Drought stress also restricts micronutrient uptake and thus induces micronutrient deficiency. Zinc is the most important micronutrient for abiotic stress tolerance. A field trial was conducted from 2013 to 2015 to study the effect of foliar application of zinc under normal (100% field

Nitrogen (N) losses from the N sources such as manures, fertilizers etc. applied to crops are considered as the largest non-point source of nitrogen-nitrate pollution in surface and groundwater bodies. The extent of water bodies polluted with N is worsening day by day, worldwide, with its severe impact on the quality of drinking water. This necessitates the development of crop specific N management

The planning of planting/harvest operations improves yield and economic returns of sugarcane production systems. This study aims to define homogenous regions and optimum planting dates for sugarcane using simulated water-limited yield in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Yw was simulated using crop model and 24 planting dates across the year, including gridded weather data and soil water availability to

Several biotic and abiotic stresses significantly decrease the biomass accumulation and seed yield of sesame crops under rainfed areas. However, plant growth regulators (such as Paclobutrazol) can improve the total dry matter and seed production of the sesame crop. The effects of the paclobutrazol application on dry matter accumulation and seed yield had not been studied before in sesame under rainfed

Due to environmental diversity, genotype performance for yield and stability is essential for crop improvement. The GGE biplot, and 11 parametric and non-parametric stability models were employed to evaluate 23 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, tested in randomized complete block trials across two contrasting fields (sandy and loamy) and four seasons. The sandy field yielded half compared to

To examine the rain-fed Aman rice yield fluctuation due to climatic anomalies overtimes in Bangladesh, we used climate-induced yield index (CIYI), ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), step-wise multiple regression, isotopic signature, wavelet transform coherence (WTC) and random forest (RF) model. In this work, daily multiple source climatic data which were collected between 1980 and 2017

The cultivation of aerobic rice appears to be a potential option while mitigating threats of looming water scarcity for sustainable rice production. Although, severe prevalence of multi-flush weed pressure inhibiting nitrogen utilization for optimum grain yield becomes the crux of the problem for up-scaling this technology. Thus, the hypothesis of the study was that critical period of weed control

Conservation tillage can drastically influence the environment by conserving soil due to enhancing soil structure and quality, thereby maintaining stable crop productivity and quality. To evaluate the effects of tillage practices, wheat residue management, and rate of nitrogen fertilization on soil and sweet corn quality, a 2-year (2014–2015) field study was conducted at the School of Agriculture farm

Rare earths elements (REEs) can affect plant growth positively. Besides their intentional agricultural use, REEs have also been involuntarily applied to soils through phosphate (P) fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of REEs contained in P fertilizers on increasing legume crops yield in Brazilian agroecosystems. Field experiments were conducted with Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Glycine

The important causes for lack of improvement in production and low chickpea yields are inappropriate crop management, variety-based un-optimized planting density, variety not suitable for machine harvest and losses during harvesting operations. In this study, we hypothesized that increased planting density can compensate for the yield reduction in tall chickpea genotypes by accomodating more plants

Narrowing the yield gaps is one of the major concerns in developing countries. Closing yield gap to obtain attainable yield is a viable option for providing information regarding the reason of yield loss. Hence, accurate estimation of the yield gap has many practical applications for enhancing production of crops. This research was conducted for assessing the yield gap of rice-grown fields using boundary-line

Cotton-sunflower cropping system is a unique oilseed-based rotation. The real problem is overlapping sunflower-maturity with cotton-sowing. Investigations aim to tackle cotton-late-sowing through sowing-time-adjustment and cultivar-selection at cropping-system-level. Cotton (May 10th to June 24th) and sunflower (December 20th to February 03rd) sowing-dates were maintained biweekly. Maturity-time based

Evaluating the effects of nitrogen (N) on photosynthesis characteristics and photoassimilate partitioning via vascular bundles (VB) under water-saving irrigation is crucial to maximum grain yield of environment-friendly wheat production in the North China Plain (NCP). Field experiments were conducted with four N application rates 0 (N 0 ), 180 (N 180 ), 240 (N 240 ), and 300 (N 300 ) kg N ha −1 under

Salinity prompts heavy metals accumulation and adversely affects nutrient contents in soil and plants, thereby reducing crop yields. The assessment of domestic sewage sludge (SS) under saline conditions to boost crop productivity has become crucial. A field trial was conducted for two consecutive years (2017–2019) with three irrigation levels [canal water (0.35 dS m−1), I1; 8 dS m−1, I2; and 10 dS

The current noticeable climate change that has a significant impact on the environment and agricultural systems has become a serious concern for human society. Followed by the industrial activities of the global community and increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, these changes are still considered as a threat to food safety and the environment. Changes in minimum and maximum

Yield growth stagnation in grain crops has been reported worldwide over recent decades. To understand this recent crop yield trend and its causes in China, we conducted an analysis of maize (Zea mays L.) in the North China Plain (NCP) as a case study. First, we analyzed the change characteristics of maize yield for the whole region during 1998–2015, then identified trend patterns at county level via

Cropland forms the material basis for human survival and is an important determinant of national food security. Cropland net primary productivity, which is the basis of food production and an important indicator of cropland productivity, reflects the production capacity of crops under natural conditions. However, currently, only limited knowledge was available on the relationship among cropland area

Process-based crop growth models have become indispensable tools for investigating the effects of genetic, management, and environmental factors on crop productivity. One source of uncertainty in crop model predictions is model parameterization, i.e. estimating the values of model input parameters, which is carried out very differently by crop modellers. One simple (SSM-iCrop) and one detailed (APSIM)

The common bean grown under straw of intercropped plants improves the cropping environment in no-tillage systems. In addition, nutrient supply from straw could reduce the use of topdressing nitrogen in common bean. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate under no-tillage system the effect of straw type and topdressing nitrogen doses in the irrigated common bean productive and qualitative attributes

The responses of wheat yield to large-scale atmospheric circulation indices (LACI) were explored in Henan province, north China. With using the annual series of climate-driven yield index (CDYI) extracted from winter wheat yield collected in 17 cites and the monthly series of 15 types of LACI during 1988–2017, the main findings were as follows: (1) this province could be divided into four sub-regions

Promiscuous soybeans are grain legumes that nodulate with diverse strains of indigenous Bradyrhizobium and play a significant role in biological nitrogen fixation through symbiosis. However, experiments on the potential use of promiscuous soybean varieties have recorded very low nodulation and poor nitrogen fixation probably due to ineffective native Bradyrhizobium isolates. Experiments were designed

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different irrigation strategies, planting methods and various nitrogen application rates on water and solutes transport under the root zone. Furthermore, Hydrus-1D model was used to simulate the drainage water and soil nutrient (N, K) leaching by the drainage water in the experimental treatments. Results indicated that variable alternate

Soil information is a vital input for crop models applications in various large area studies including climate change impact and food security. One of the global soil databases that provide full information for crop models is HC27 of IFPRI. The quality of the database has not been assessed for crop modeling so far. A tested crop simulation model (SSM-iCrop2) was used for this purpose that needs soil

Climate warming is impacting the phenology, growth and productivity of diverse cropping systems at local, regional and global levels. Long-term observed chickpea-mungbean system (CMS) phenological changes were used for the determination of the relationship between crop practices, climate warming and phenology for the making strategies for CMS to minimize negative climate change impacts. Observed thermal

The availability of water and nitrogen (N) to maize during its flowering stage affects the growth of individual kernels. The present study reports the variability of maize kernel dry weight under different levels of water and N applications. Two consecutive-year experiments were conducted during 2009 and during 2010 to study the interaction between three irrigation regimes and five N application rates

Climate models indicate that increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG), mainly CO2, will alter climate by increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns. Considering that potato crop stands out as the most important non-grain crop in the world, it is imperative to understand how climate change will impact this crop and how it will affect global food security. In this sense

Sugar beet is an important economic crop in Northwest China. In this area, efficient use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has become crucial due to decreased profits associated with both under- and oversupply relative to sugar beet requirements. Thus, fast and non-destruction diagnostic tools for estimating plant N status have an important role in reducing N inputs while maintaining sugar beet yield and

Pulses are smart crops both for humans and the cropping system as they provide protein, minerals, vitamins, and fiber for human diet and nitrogen to the soil and contribute to the maintenance of biodiversity. Pulses, also called grain legumes, contribute about 33% of the global dietary protein requirement of the human population. In Pakistan, the production of pulses is far less than the requirement

Crop production depends on the interaction of climatic factors and agricultural management, such as nitrogen (N) fertilizer input in agricultural ecosystems. Understanding crop yield responses to climatic factors and N fertilizer supply can help select appropriate cultivars and develop appropriate measures to achieve the high and stable crop yield. In this study, a long-term N fertilizer experiment

The wheat production variability is not well-understood in hilly region, especially in loess-derived soils of Golestan province in Iran with a sub-humid climate. Topography can greatly influence the production of agricultural crops by affecting soil quality. A study area located in Golestan province was selected in order to assess the spatial variability of wheat production and to develop regression

Water scarcity is the major limiting factor to crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. Better understanding the response of crops to the time and intensity of water stress at different growth stages is helpful to optimize irrigation scheduling under water limited conditions. A 4-year (2013–2016) field experiment was conducted at Yangling on the Loess Plateau, to quantify the effects of timing

Maize can be sown in spring and fall seasons in Pakistan under maize–maize cropping system. Due to seasonal variability in meteorological parameters, optimization of planting time for maize hybrids is vital to harvest improved productivity in maize-maize system. This study was designed to explore the effect of diverse sowing dates on phenology, growing degree days (GDDs), photo-thermal-units (PTUs)

The release of environmental pollutants, which partly emanates from the application of chemical inputs, is a major global concern. Attempt to determine the methods to reduce environmental risk of rice cultivation are required. Selecting the best cover crop in rice rotation is necessary. The novelty of this research versus current knowledge is that life cycle assessment (LCA) has not been applied to

The regional differences for responses of winter oilseed rape yield to climate changes was not reported in China, and the statistical climate–yield relationships at the provincial scale in south China should be a valuable attempt. With using provincial data of climate variables and oilseed rape yields during 1978–2016, the main findings were as follows: (1) based on 14 provincial climate-induced yield