Arthrospira sp. PCC 8005 is potentially able to produce hydrogen catalysed by hox gene–encoded bidirectional hydrogenase with the aid of hyp gene–encoded accessory proteins. In the present study, we investigated the physiological factors affecting the hoxE, hoxY, hoxH, and hypF transcription in Arthrospira sp. PCC 8005. About a 4-fold increase of biomass and chlorophyll-a content was observed in cells

Pest and disease outbreaks have significant impacts on the livelihoods of seaweed farmers each year, particularly in low- to middle-income countries around the world. Commercial seaweed farming of the red carrageenophytes, Eucheuma denticulatum, Kappaphycus alvarezii and Kappaphycus striatus, in Tanzania was established in 1989. The impacts of pests and diseases on the local seaweed industry had serious

Salinity is one of the environmental factors inhibiting productivity in crop plants. Available strategies to mitigate the abiotic stresses are limited. Microalgae and cyanobacteria can mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stress due to their biostimulant properties. The aim of this work was to study the effect of hydrolysate of the ciyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis on the growth of Petunia plants

To improve crop yields the application of fertilizers to provide nutrients to soils is recommended. An alternative option to substitute nutritional supplements of chemical origin is the use of biofertilizers. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a biofertilizer of natural origin, Macrocystis pyrifera algal extracts and its combination with the plant growth–promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense

This work aimed to verify the effects of adding CO2 and irradiance to Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivation. Thalli were cultured in vitro for 2 weeks under low irradiance (50 μmol photons m−2 s−1) with the addition of CO2 according to the following concentrations: 142× 103 ppm (1CO2, 0.1 L min−1), 285 × 103 ppm (2CO2, 0.2 L min−1) and 428 × 103 ppm (3CO2, 0.3 L min−1), followed by culture under higher

The red alga Gracilaria caudata is one of the main agarophytes exploited on the Brazilian coast. A greenish-brown mutant was found growing side-by-side with the common red wild type in a natural population. In this work, we tested the hypotheses that the greenish-brown phenotype has a recessive nuclear inheritance and less fitness (growth, photosynthesis, number of apices, secondary attachment percentage

R-phycoerythrin and R-phycocyanin are the main light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes in Pyropia yezoensis. They have bright colors and a high degree of fluorescence, and are now widely used in biomedicine, food, and cosmetic industries. Therefore, membrane chromatography was used to isolate and purify phycobiliprotein from P. yezoensis. Algal cells were disrupted by repeated freeze-thaw cycles

Depending on the culture conditions, Euglena gracilis can produce a variety of macromolecules such as vitamins, lipids, proteins, and polysaccharides. In particular, the ability of E. gracilis to store a lot of β-glucans implies it has significant biotechnological potential. In this study, the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon content were improved through co-cultivation with the bacterium Pseudoalteromonas

Two new lectins from the green alga Codium isthmocladum (CiL-1 and CiL-2) were isolated. Both lectins could agglutinate human and rabbit erythrocytes. Galactosides and fetuin showed inhibitory effect on CiL-1. CiL-2 was inhibited by GalNAc and porcine stomach mucin. CiL-1 was a monomeric protein of 12 kDa, whereas CiL-2 showed 12 kDa in SDS-PAGE and an oligomeric state in gel filtration. MALDI-ToF-MS

Cyanobacteria are able to synthesize high-value compounds, such as pigments, known for their bioactivities and several industrial uses. One of the key points for the extraction of pigments is solvent selection. Solvent interferes on pigments concentration, thus affecting the bioactive potential of the extracts. In this work, using frozen-dried biomass of Cyanobium sp. LEGE 06113, organic and aqueous

Osmundea pinnatifida is an edible red seaweed well-known for its strong smell and a slightly spicy taste that resembles mussels, crabs, or truffles, therefore being commonly called “pepper dulse” or “truffle of the sea.” Due to these features, it has a great potential for gastronomic purposes (either in simple/traditional or haute cuisine dishes), which led to an interest in its farming. However, to

Microalgae-derived docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production has been considered an alternative technology to overcome several disadvantages of fish oil-based DHA production. Despite its potential, efficient production methods for DHA have been rarely reported. Accordingly, in this study we investigated the potential application of Jerusalem artichoke and lipid-extracted algae (LEA) hydrolysates as inexpensive

The Bengal Delta Plain (BDP), located across India and Bangladesh, is one of the worst arsenic (As)-affected regions, including contaminated agricultural lands. The effect of As on the growth and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production was investigated in Nostoc ellipsosporum, a diazotrophic cyanobacterium isolated from a paddy field located in BDP. The cells were exposed to 0 (control), 50, 200, and 400 μM

Colored chocolate products have gained importance in recent years. This increases the importance of identifying potential natural colorants for chocolate technology. In this study, Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae which were grown by using tubular photobioreactor in two different forms (spray-dried and encapsulated by using a spray dryer and maltodextrin (50%)), were used in white chocolate composition

Membrane material, pore size, and cleaning strategy are important factors for microalgal membrane harvesting. In this study, harvesting of Scenedesmus acuminatus cultivated in pilot scale using nine ultrafiltration and three microfiltration membranes was carried out in cross-flow filtration system to compare their filtration performance and flux recovery after physical and chemical cleaning. The 0

As a bloom-forming dinoflagellate, Karenia mikimotoi is toxic and globally distributed. Frequent outbreaks of K. mikimotoi blooms usually lead to the mass mortality of pelagic and benthic marine life, resulting in large economic losses. Therefore, the simple, rapid, and highly effective monitoring of K. mikimotoi is crucial to minimize the damage caused by this alga. This study aimed to establish a

Seaweeds have increasing importance because of their bioactive compounds and their potential application in different industries. Liquid seaweed extract are commercially used as an agricultural biofertilizer. The current work investigated the potential of a commercial liquid seaweed extract, named TrueAlgaeMax (TAM), as a diet feed additive for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Five diets (D0, D0

Algae are natural sources of nutrients, but the presence of anti-nutritional factors often compromises nutrient apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) in several fish species. In this study, physical-mechanical and enzymatic technological processing was applied to two seaweeds (Gracilaria gracilis and Ulva rigida) and three microalgae (Nannochloropsis oceanica, Chlorella vulgaris, and Tetraselmis

Seaweed aquaculture is receiving increasing attention for food and non-food applications in Europe, where it is still an emerging industry. The cultivation of seaweeds in the sea is attractive as it does not compete with agricultural crops for land and freshwater, whilst generating high yearly biomass yield. The selection of suitable cultivation sites in coastal waters is essential for the sustainable

The present research investigated the effect of pCO2 levels (C), seawater temperature (T), and nutrient availability (N) on the growth and physiochemical changes in Pyropia haitanensis. With nutrient enrichment, the interaction of higher pCO2 increased relative growth rates (RGR) by 105.9% when temperature increased (22 °C) compared with the control (lower T, lower C, and lower N: LTLCLN). The higher

Chlorella vulgaris, a coccoid green eukaryotic microalga, is a popular food supplement and has been marketed as a nutritional supplement in Asia. Despite numerous reports on the antioxidant property of this species, its toxic effect has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to determine the acute oral toxic effect of C. vulgaris on female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. An acute oral toxicity

Proper identification and documentation of microalgae is often lacking in publications of applied phycology, algal physiology and biochemistry. Identification of many eukaryotic microalgae can be very daunting to the nonspecialist. We present a systematic process for identifying eukaryotic microalgae using morphological evidence and DNA sequence analysis. Our intent was to provide an identification

Tisochrysis lutea is a haptophyte microalga commonly used as a commercial feed for juvenile fish and shellfish larvae. Genetic modification is of considerable importance for developing the potential economic value of T. lutea. However, the genetic transformation system of T. lutea has not yet been established, which limits functional genomic studies and strain improvement of this important microalgal

Using either freshly pulped or preserved seaweed biomass for the extraction of protein can have a great effect on the amount of protein that can be extracted. In this study, the effect of four preservation techniques (frozen, freeze-dried, and air-dried at 40 and 70 °C) on the protein extractability, measured as Kjeldahl nitrogen, of four seaweed species, Chondrus crispus (Rhodophyceae), Ascophyllum

Cyanobacteria are able to absorb light over a wide spectral range due to the presence of photoreceptors, making it possible to modulate the production of high-value compounds by inducing specific pathways. In order to evaluate the influence of light quality in cyanobacteria metabolism, Cyanobium sp. was grown in five different light conditions, by using low-pressure sodium vapor lamp (SOX) supplemented

Alternative control strategies are increasingly encouraged to develop sustainable crop protection. In this aim, we assessed the ability of Dalgin Active®, an Ascophyllum nodosum extract-based product, to induce resistance in bread wheat and durum wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici, a major fungal pathogen on these crops. Foliar application of the product provided a strong and significant reduction

Phytohormones play key roles in many aspects of plant growth and development, as well as in resistance to abiotic stresses. The presence of heavy metal limits phytohormone endogenous level; however, the application of brassinosteroids (BRs) restores phytohormone homeostasis and reduces unfavorable consequences of heavy metal on plant growth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to (1) broaden previously

The aquatic ecosystem is the ultimate sink for consumer and industrial waste discharge that contains nanometals such as titanium dioxide nanoparticle (n-TiO2). In this environment, nutrient availability and nanometals influence phytoplankton community structure and function. In a mesocosm experiment, we evaluated the interactive effect of n-TiO2 (48 mg L−1) and two nitrogen (N) levels (limited, LN;

Turbinaria J.V. Lamouroux is a genus of brown algae of the family Sargassaceae (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) found throughout the tropics, subtropics, and occasionally in temperate marine regions. There are currently 22 recognized species, although the taxonomy of Turbinaria is under current refinement with the advancement of genetic analysis techniques for this genus. Ecologically Turbinaria plays an important

The production of food for a growing world population is a great challenge. In particular, protein and the long-chain n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which exert a series of potential health effects, are scarce resources in the context of global food security. Fish from wild capture and aquaculture production cannot meet the current demand for EPA and DHA;

Specific microalgae species are an adequate source of EPA and DHA and are able to provide a complete protein, which makes them highly interesting for human nutrition. However, microalgae cultivation has also been described to be energy intensive and environmentally unfavorable in pilot-scale reactors. Moreover, production in cold temperature zones has not been sufficiently investigated. In particular

The impact of fusion genes on the overexpression of enzymes for the heterologous production of β-phellandrene by Synechocystis mutants was investigated. The concept of overexpression of fusion genes was used in order to overcome the low expression level of these enzymes. Various constructs of the codon-optimized gene of β-phellandrene synthase (PHLS), along with the gene of geranyl diphosphate synthase

Green algae have great potential for removing inorganic nutrients from anaerobic digestion effluent (ADE), but there is insufficient available magnesium (Mg) in the ADE from aquatic macrophytes for effective algal growth. In this study, we determined suitable pH and hydraulic retention time (HRT) for maximizing growth of the alga Chlorella sorokiniana and nutrient removal efficiency with a flow-through

In response to the energy crisis microalgae are a promising feedstock for biofuel production. The use of metabolic engineering to improve yields of biofuel-related lipid components in microalgae, without affecting cell growth, is now recognized as a promising and more economically feasible approach to develop more sustainable energy sources. For this, we generated Chlamydomonas mutant strains using

A flow cytometry viability assay protocol is proposed and applied to model microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The protocol relies on concomitant dual staining of the cells (fluorescein diacetate (FDA), propidium iodide (PI)) and machine learning processing of the results. Protocol development highlighted that working at 4 °C allows to preserve the stained sample for 15 min before analysis. Furthermore

The green algal genus Ulva is widely distributed around all continents. Plants with both distromatic or monostromatic thalli now form a single taxon based on ITS rDNA and rbcL gene sequencing. Ulva is known to occupy several ecological niches including freshwater and marine (intertidal and subtidal) habitats, attributed to its tolerance to key determinants such as light, temperature, and salinity.

In this study, we analyze the economic feasibility of commercial cultivation of the red seaweed Agarophyton chilensis in northern Chile. This macroalga grows naturally on the Chilean coast and has been cultivated for several years. However, to achieve a sustainable exploitation over time, it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of the commercial cultivation of this seaweed. In order to carry

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms that produce a variety of molecules with beneficial properties for applications in fields such as food and feed, pharmaceuticals, and industrial chemicals. In particular, polar lipids from algae are gaining interest because they have been associated with bioactive properties and health benefits. Cyanobacteria have been little studied, particularly in the case

As an economically important marine seaweed, Pyropia yezoensis can be asexually reproduced via archeospores. However, the molecular mechanism of archeospore formation remains unclear. In this study, we characterized the transcriptomes of two strains of Py. yezoensis, which are strain W′ with abundant archeospores and strain W with scarce archeospores. The 25- and 35-day-old gametophytic blades of both

Seaweed-derived compounds are known to possess various biological activities. The present study evaluated the antioxidant potential of (−)-loliolide, a monoterpenoid isolated from Sargassum horneri in Vero cells and zebrafish models. (−)-Loliolide was purified from the chloroform fraction of an S. horneri methanol extract using high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC). HPCPC was

The outbreak of Ulva prolifera as a marine waste biomass costs a huge amount of manpower and sources for remediation. The effective utilisation of U. prolifera would be mutually beneficial for environmental protection and production of bio-based energy or chemicals. Herein, the pyrolysis behaviour of the main constituents in U. prolifera was investigated to provide valuable data for its further valorisation

The green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 was previously investigated and showed enhanced H2 production under anaerobic (Ar purged) conditions by cells immobilized in a calcium alginate matrix (Maswanna et al., Biomass Bioenergy 111:88–95, 2018). Here, we report successful H2 production in entrapped cells under aerobic conditions. The most favorable immobilization condition observed was 4% (w/v) final alginate

The feasibility of the semi-continuous cultivation of Arthrospira (Spirulina) sp. and Nostoc sp. PCC 7413, using the centrate from the anaerobic digestion of wastewater from a seafood canning industry as a nutrient source, was assessed. Semi-continuous cultures were carried out in aerated tubular culture units of 250 mL by replacing a 10–20% of the volume with the centrate every 2 days. Growth, ammonium

Crassostrea gigas aquaculture depends on the capacity of hatcheries to produce microalgae to feed oysters. Alternative feeds for bivalves, such as the use of seaweeds single cell detritus (SCD), have been reported. However, this has not been tested as yet as a possible strategy for C. gigas hatcheries. This study was conducted to select an SCD as an alternative feed for C. gigas based on its effects

High turbidity and large concentration of nutrients in the seawater of Subei Shoal are considered to be the primary cause of the green tides in the southern Yellow Sea, China. Interaction between Ulva prolifera and three microalgal species (Skeletonema costatum, Prorocentrum donghaiense, and Nitzschia closterium) under different irradiance was studied. Combined with the field investigation of irradiance

In this study we report for the first time the appearance of an endophytic filamentous red alga, living associated with the edible red seaweed Chondracanthus chamissoi. Molecular identification, growth, and reproduction of this endophyte are described under different conditions: photoperiod (8:16, 12:12, and 16:08 L:D), temperature (10 and 15 °C), and photon flux density (40 and 20 μmol photons m−2 s−1)

In this study, Chlorella vulgaris treated with static magnetic field (SMF) was investigated in terms of the algal density, biomass, extracellular polysaccharide content and distribution, percentage of algal aggregation, total protein content, enzyme activity, malondialdehyde content, and nutrient removal. The algal density and biomass under 800 G SMF were highest on the 16th day and were 29.02% and

Aqueous extracts from Anabaena minutissima BEA 0300B (ANA), Ecklonia maxima (ECK) and Jania adhaerens (JAN) were evaluated for their antifungal effect against powdery mildew disease caused by Podosphaera xanthii on cucumber detached cotyledons and seedlings. All the extracts were sprayed on detached cotyledons at 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg dry biomass mL−1 water and those of ANA and JAN at 5.0 and 10.0 mg

Epiphytism is a common phenomenon in macroalgal aquaculture worldwide. This problem can affect the productivity and quality of the farmed species which may have socioeconomic consequences for the human communities that depend on this activity. In southern Chile, the aquaculture of the red macroalga Agarophyton chilense in the area of Maullín River has suffered losses in local production (> 90%) due

Gracilaria spp. (agarophytes) are cultivated by Panamanian communities to use directly as food and as important components of traditional medicines and remedies. These uses are part of the traditional culture of both the Guna Indians and the Afro-Antillean communities. One driving force to better understand the biology of the various species of Gracilaria is their additional, commercial uses based

Fatty acids (FAs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are among bioactive substances produced by macroalgae, which have important reported biological activities. The aim of this work was to determine the diversity of FAs and VOCs in brown, green, and red Antarctic macroalgae. Results showed that seaweeds contained 13 to 25 FAs with a predominance of palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and eicosapentaenoic

The fifth basic taste—umami—is based on hydrophilic monosodium L-glutamate (L-Glu), and, to a smaller extent, on L-aspartate (L-Asp), which can be found in free form in seaweeds. The umami taste can be elicited by the synergistic effect of 5′-nucleotides, guanosine-5′-monophosphate (GMP), and inosine-5′-monophosphate (IMP). In this work, twelve edible seaweeds, two green (Codium tomentosum, Ulva rigida)

Oxygenic photosynthesis can be measured easily using O2 or CO2 gas exchange, oxygen electrodes, Winkler titration, 14CO2-fixation and by PAM (pulse amplitude modulation) fluorometry. PAM estimates the photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) by measuring the variable fluorescence of chlorophyll (Chl) a (> 695 nm) induced by absorption of blue or red light. Anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (APB)

The aim of the work was to use an effluent with high chemical oxygen demand (COD) from small brewery as substrate for the production of Chlorella vulgaris biomass. A non-axenic strain from a Patagonian river was employed, and the effects of COD and pH value on the microalga growth were studied through a central composite design. A medium with COD 18300 mg O2 mL−1 and initial pH: 6.5 optimized microalga

In microalga culturing, one important topic is finding methods of increasing the productivity of algal biomass grown on a large scale. The cultured microalgal biomass must be inexpensive to produce, but rich in the bioactive substances, for use as raw materials for many different purposes, such as functional foods, drugs, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and biofuels. Here we present results about the effects

Physiological and photobiochemical changes and growth in the heterotrophic strain Chlorella vulgaris g120 were studied during trophic conversion from heterotrophic to phototrophic growth regime. After the exposure of the Chlorella g120 culture to light, it revealed a significant activity of the electron transport (450–700 μmol e− m−2 s−1 as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence) and high PSII photochemical

The aims of this study were to estimate seasonal spore availability in the carrageenophyte Gigartina skottsbergii from the Patagonian Atlantic coast, evaluate the effect of induction methods and culture conditions on spore release, and assess spore settlement on different substrates. Fertile fronds were collected in southern Argentina. The density and size of reproductive structures and spore output

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the dietary inclusion of Arthrospira sp. enzyme hydrolysate on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles in a 128-day feeding trial. Algal hydrolysate was tested at low inclusion level, namely, 2 and 4%, against a control diet without Arthrospira sp. supplementation. At the end of the feeding trial, fish body weight was recorded for growth evaluation

Growing algae in darkness for biodiesel production eliminates the challenges of evaporation and light penetration reported for open ponds and the costs and fouling that plague photobioreactors. The current study demonstrated that Chlorella kessleri str. UTEX 263 could grow heterotrophically in the dark on pure sugars or lignocellulosic hydrolysates of plant biomass. Hydrolysates of a prairie grass

Dunaliella viridis is one of the most salt-tolerant eukaryotes and a model organism to study plant adaptation to salinity. To explore the molecular mechanisms mediating salt stress response in D. viridis, transcriptome analysis was performed by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 2242 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained, including 1563 upregulated and 679 downregulated, in plants