Botany, Ahead of Print. This review describes an Indigenous-led project run by Q’eqchi’ Maya Healers of Belize meant to strengthen and improve traditional botanical healing. The goals of this project were to conserve medicinal plant knowledge by way of ethnobotanical studies, and to conserve the plants themselves by creating a community ethnobotanical garden. A total of 169 medicinal species were collected

Botany, Ahead of Print. Light and scanning electron microscopy were used to describe Neidium petersiveri sp. nov., a previously unnamed diatom found in the Canadian waters of Lake Superior. It had been reported previously as single cells of an unidentified Neidium species from four widely separated regions in North America: Michipicoten Island (Lake Superior, Ontario, Canada), Cape Cod (Massachusetts

Botany, Ahead of Print. Conifers of the taxodiaceous grade of Cupressaceae were more diverse and widespread during the Mesozoic than they are today. The earliest diverging subfamily, Cunninghamioideae, only includes a single extant genus, but has at least 10 fossil genera. Here, two additional cunninghamioid genera are characterized on the basis of permineralized seed cones from the Upper Cretaceous

Botany, Ahead of Print. Although the mining industry provides minerals and metals to the global market and represents important economic opportunities, it also constitutes a major anthropogenic disturbance in the ecosystems where it takes place. However, little is known about its offsite impacts on plant communities. We assessed the frequency and the abundance of five common boreal understorey plant

Botany, Ahead of Print. The Syagrus glaucescens complex comprises three species: Syagrus glaucescens Glaz. ex Becc., Syagrus duartei Glassman, and Syagrus evansiana Noblick. Recently, a new population of S. evansiana that possesses a high degree of endemism was reported in the Serra do Cabral mountain. Here we intend to study the leaf anatomy of the S. glaucescens complex and confirm whether this newly

Botany, Ahead of Print. Pale swallow-wort, Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar., is an invasive weed in the lower Great Lakes Basin of North America. We investigated the relationship between V. rossicum productivity and several environmental variables across 54 established V. rossicum populations in southern Ontario. Variables included climate measurements, soil characteristics (pH, texture, and

Botany, Ahead of Print. La présente étude porte sur la nature des rhizobia associés aux légumineuses du genre Hippocrepis qui compte une dizaine d’espèces en Algérie et pour laquelle très peu de travaux ont été jusqu’ici consacrés. Les résultats de nos investigations qui ont portés sur 26 plants représentant 8 espèces de ce genre et provenant de 17 localités du nord et du sud du pays révèlent que tous

Botany, Ahead of Print. Gametophytes of the fern Ceratopteris richardii Brongn. are either male or hermaphrodite. The presence of hermaphrodite-secreted antheridiogen influences gametophytes to develop as male (induction), while its absence leads to hermaphrodite development. Males require the continued presence of antheridiogen to remain male. Removal of males from antheridiogen leads to sex change

Botany, Ahead of Print. Swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid, is an α-mannosidase and mannosidase II inhibitor that alters glycoprotein processing and causes lysosomal storage disease. Swainsonine is the toxic principle in several plant species worldwide and causes severe toxicosis in livestock grazing these plants. All swainsonine-containing plant taxa investigated to date are associated with fungal

Botany, Ahead of Print. The alpine vegetation of Europe and the Caucasus has experienced substantial changes due to climate warming and reduced grazing. Exposed ridge communities, such as alpine heaths, are presumed to be less vulnerable to such processes. Herein, we analyze long-term dynamics (over 37 years) of an alpine lichen heath in the Teberda State Biosphere Reserve, Karachaevo-Cherkessian Republic

Botany, Ahead of Print. Nasa is the most diverse genus among the family Loasaceae and it is mainly distributed in Peru. Most species of this genus are microendemics, with distributions restricted to very specific locations; such is the case of Nasa colanii Dostert & Weigend. This species — previously only known from the type collected in 1978 from the Amazonas region of Peru — lacks information about

Botany, Ahead of Print. Beyond strong inference that most of the 2600 known species of Arecaceae produce diaspores with an underdeveloped embryo and therefore have morphological dormancy (MD) or morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), little is known about the specific dormancy class or sub-class and how dormancy-break occurs under ecological conditions. Here, we found that mature seeds of Trachycarpus

Botany, Ahead of Print. The cherry spruce rust caused by Thekopsora areolata (Fr.) Magnus results in significant losses in spruce seed production in the forest industry. The pathogen is present in Asia and Europe but absent from North America where it has been considered as a potential threat and listed as a quarantine organism by the United States Department of Agriculture. A comprehensive list and

Botany, Ahead of Print. Forest understory herbs exhibit a large range of variation in morphology and life history. Here, we expand the reported range of variation by describing the belowground structures of two very different species, Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. and Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Nutt. We excavated individuals in forests of the Cascade Mountains in the Pacific Northwest of the United

Botany, Ahead of Print. Red maple (Acer rubrum L.) is ornamentally and medicinally valuable; however, its wider application is restricted by the difficulty of rooting from cuttings. We analyzed paraffin sections of roots regenerating using RNA-Seq to decipher the mechanisms underlying de novo root regeneration (DNRR) in red maple cuttings. This work contributes to improving the rooting rate and shortening

Botany, Ahead of Print. The Irano–Turanian (I–T) bioregion harbours one of the Old World’s greatest repositories of botanical diversity; however, the diversification patterns and the phenotypic evolution of its flora are sorely understudied. The subtribe Cynoglossinae is characteristic of the western I–T bioregion, species-rich in both the desertic lowlands and the more mesic highlands of the Iranian

Botany, Ahead of Print. Freezing as a climatic extreme can contribute to patterns of plant distribution by potentially impacting mechanisms of seed release. Therefore, the impact of freezing on samara release and seed germination in infructescences (cones) of Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq. was assessed. Cones at field moisture content were frozen (22 h) and thawed (2 h) through zero to five cycles.

Botany, Ahead of Print. Camellia oleifera Abel (‘Huashuo’) is an important woody oil species with high economic value. Low yield is the main factor restricting the rapid development of the tea-oil industry. The dynamics of sugars, oil, endogenous hormones, and the genes involved in these pathways, as well as the correlation with oil synthesis-related factors in Huashuo, were investigated. The results

Botany, Ahead of Print. Wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) is well-known as an important weed for cultivated land, particularly when found among cereal crops. It produces large amounts of heteromorphic (black and brown) seeds. This study aimed to estimate the critical temperature thresholds of wild mustard heteromorphic seeds. For this purpose, a novel Weibull-based thermal time model was developed

Botany, Ahead of Print. Recent warming in the Andes is affecting the region’s water resources including glaciers and lakes, which supply water to tens of millions of people downstream. High-elevation wetlands, known locally as “bofedales”, are an understudied Andean ecosystem despite their key role in carbon sequestration, maintenance of biodiversity, and regulation of water flow. Here, we analyze

Botany, Ahead of Print. In the fragmented landscape of Los Tuxtlas, adult fig trees are found in both rainforest remnants and in pastures. Syconium (fig) development is known to vary between and within Ficus species, but it is not known whether it differs between rainforest and pasture trees. Here, we describe syconium development for two Ficus species with different life forms (free-standing and hemi-epiphytic)

Botany, Ahead of Print. Phenological responses of plants to temperature dynamics are receiving attention due to the ongoing challenge with climate change. Most previous phenological studies have focused on flowering phenology rather than fruiting phenology. However, at mid-latitudes, the air temperature periodically changes during the growing period of plants. Hence, cool temperatures early and late

Botany, Ahead of Print. It is well known that ethylene affects plants; however, its regulatory role in plant-derived methane (CH4) has not been addressed. In this study, we determined the effects of exogenous ethylene on canola (Brassica napus L.) growth and physiological traits, endogenous ethylene, and aerobic methane emission. Plants were grown under experimental conditions (22/18 °C, 16 h light

Botany, Ahead of Print. Crocanthemum canadense (L.) Britton (Cistaceae) is critically imperiled in Nova Scotia. The decline of Nova Scotian Crocanthemum canadense is largely due to the loss of the Annapolis Valley sand barrens habitat. Fungal symbionts may aid in nutrient and water acquisition as well as plant defenses. The role of fungal associations with Crocanthemum canadense is unknown; our goal

Botany, Ahead of Print. The accurate identification of an organism is the basis of all biological disciplines. Although there have been many different species concepts and methods proposed, researchers generally choose the most appropriate concept according to their interests. However, each species concept has both advantages and disadvantages. In such cases, an integrated concept based on evidence

Botany, Ahead of Print. Species composition varies greatly dependent on water availability gradients. In Northeast Thailand, dry deciduous forests (DDF) and dry evergreen forests (DEF) show contrasting species composition due to differences in soil structure and moisture. Although plant traits (physiological and morphological characteristics) are known to be involved in species distributions, which

Botany, Ahead of Print. Indeterminate growth, as in the hyphae of the “Humongous Fungus” of Michigan, requires sustained nuclear migration and cell wall remodeling. In this study, we compare actin organization and patterns of nuclear positioning among four distantly related, indeterminate species of phylum Chytridiomycota: Cladochytrium replicatum Karling (Cladochytriaceae), Physocladia obscura Sparrow

Botany, Ahead of Print. Understanding variation of seed germination in wild populations can assist restoration projects through improved seed source selection. Recruitment of artificially distributed seed can be improved by selecting for suitable dormancy and germination characteristics. We investigated seed germination and emergence responses of three Astragalus sieberi DC. (Fabaceae) populations

Botany, Ahead of Print. The sister species, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb), face pressures from a multitude of biotic agents, including mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, 1902) and their pathogenic fungal associates (e.g., Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeffr. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf.), mistletoe

La systematique de Quercus faginea Lam. (s.l) (Fagaceae) reste encore indefinie, d’autant plus qu’elle s’hybride avec d’autres especes et qu’elle est polymorphe. Quatre sous-especes ont ete identif...

Large-scale efforts to aggregate and promote the re-use of biodiversity data are leading to novel insights into biogeography and macroecology. However, secondary analyses must account for the trade...

In many species, seeds with different sizes show diverse responses in their requirements for temperature and light for optimal germination. In this study, the effect of seed size (i.e., small and l...

During glyphosate application, a portion of the herbicide can reach adjacent vegetation and impact the natural plant community structure and diversity over the long term. This study evaluated the r...

Botany, Ahead of Print. Existing Cannabis sativa micropropagation protocols use a limited number of cultivars and the results are often not reproducible. Currently, Murashige and Skoog basal salt mixture (MS) + 0.5 μmol/L thidiazuron (TDZ) has been reported as the optimal medium for nodal micropropagation, yet our preliminary studies with this medium have resulted in abnormal morphology and high mortality

Botany, Ahead of Print. Pollination drop (PD) plays a crucial role in the sexual reproduction of gymnosperms. However, the molecular mechanism regulating PD secretion has not been reported. In our study, we successfully constructed cDNA libraries in ovules between PD secretion and PD withdrawal stages, and identified 2975 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These genes were involved in biosynthesis

Botany, Ahead of Print. Regeneration of native species is the first priority for biodiversity conservation and restoration. To this end, it is key to have seeds properly conserved in seed banks and knowledge of seed longevity and (or) dormancy alleviation at different storage time intervals. In addition, understanding the germination response of the stored seeds to environmental conditions improves

Botany, Ahead of Print. A new record of the powdery mildew Phyllactinia chubutiana, nom. cons. (= Oidium insolitum, Ovulariopsis insolita) was documented on pearl berry [Vallesia glabra (Cav.) Link]. No teleomorph was observed. This novel record was identified as a member of Ovulariopsis, based on the morphological characteristics of the anamorph (hyphae, conidiophores, and conidia), and its hemi-endophytic

Botany, Volume 99, Issue 1, Page iii-iv, January 2021.

There is debate about what drives and maintains the structure of arboreal lichen communities and what the relative importance of substrate vs. local environment is. Here, we aim to determine which ...

Plants have developed different tolerance strategies to deal with the toxic metals within the plant. Various factors and mechanisms related to the compartmentalisation of Cd into the vacuoles and t...

Our goal was to investigate leaf morpho-physiological plasticity of Ocotea odorifera trees growing under different environmental conditions in a fragmented forest. Microclimatic data were collected...

Thirty-six long-term (14–83 years) cattle grazing exclosures and adjacent grazed pastures spanning a climatic gradient from cooler–wetter to warmer–drier growing seasons in south-central British Co...

Botany, Ahead of Print. Eisenia arborea Areschoug is a temperate kelp first described from California, and commonly reported as far south as Mexico. Floristic surveys in cold-temperate waters of the Northeast Pacific, however, have revealed its presence on the Canadian archipelago of Haida Gwaii (at latitude 53.3799°N), last reported from the area in 2000 by Sloan and Bartier. Here, we present COI-5P

The chloroplast (plastid) controls carbon uptake, so its DNA sequence and function are highly conserved throughout the land plants. But for those that have alternative carbon supplies, the plastid ...

Cytinaceae are root endoparasitic plants with only three genera. Their biology is largely unknown, and most knowledge of the family is based on the Old World genus, Cytinus. Here, we studied all th...

We investigated pipeline construction effects and environmental factors on occurrences and plant characteristics of the endangered plant, Halimolobos virgata. Plants were surveyed from 2007 to 2016...

Parietaria debilis is gynomonoecious, a rare condition in the Urticaceae family and among angiosperms. Apetalous flowers of two different morph types (monoclinous, pistillate) occur in the same inf...

Recent studies have shown that intraspecific variability is a mechanism by which species respond to environmental heterogeneity and that intraspecific variation can have large implications for ecol...

The traditional taxonomic affiliation of the diatom Ardissonea crystallina has been recently questioned, as it exhibits a mixture of polar centric and araphid pennate characters. Overall valve arch...

Secretory cavities are structures that secrete compounds that protects plants against herbivory and pathogenic microorganisms. These cavities have been reported in many genera. However, there are f...

Understanding mechanisms controlling plant growth is essential to maintain and increase productivity in managed ecosystems. However, the lack of information on below ground growth compared to above...

The UK climate is projected to become warmer, with more frequent hotter, drier summers. Many governments and international organisations are concerned about how climate change will affect food prod...

The SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) proteins constitute a family of plant-specific transcription factors that play a vital role in plant development. Wheat (Triticum aestivum, AABBDD) ...

Botany, Ahead of Print. Secretory structures that produce floral rewards have rarely been reported for Annonaceae. We identified a glandular region in Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart., which consisted of a nectary and an elaiophore. This study aimed to describe the structure and secretory process of these glandular structures, which are highly correlated with the reproductive biology of this species

Saskatoonberry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae), also known as serviceberry, is a deciduous shrub native to the northern prairies and plains of North America. Saskatoonberries are an excelle...

Microalgae are a sustainable source of lipids for industrial applications. In the present study, we tested the effect of three chemical elicitors (chitosan, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and flavonoids) ...

Botany, Ahead of Print. To date, Basidiodendron luteogriseum, the generic type of Basidiodendron (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) has been treated as a synonym of B. eyrei. Our data show they are not conspecific. The identity of other members of the B. eyrei complex, i.e., B. deminutum and B. grandinioides, is clarified based on morphological and DNA data, and 10 new species are described from Eurasia

Responses in bryophyte communities following volcanic disturbance are not well understood. The eruption of Mount St. Helens on May 18, 1980 deposited large amounts of tephra (aerially transported v...

The need for regionally adapted native grass seed sources for the northern Great Plains has resulted in the commercial release of a range of plant materials, including ecovars™. Ecovars™ are multi-...

Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is an ancient plant with high nutritional and medicinal values. In this study, using 11 Job’s tears germplasm resources collected throughout China, we examined ge...