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BoxCar and library-free data-independent acquisition substantially improve the depth, range, and completeness of label-free quantitative proteomics in Arabidopsis bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Devang Mehta; Sabine Scandola; R Glen Uhrig
The last decade has seen significant advances in the application of quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics technologies to tackle important questions in plant biology. The current standard for quantitative proteomics in plants is the use of data-dependent acquisition (DDA) analysis with and without the use of chemical labels. However, major limitations of the DDA approach are the preferential
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The steroid-inducible pOp6/LhGR gene expression system is fast, sensitive and does NOT cause plant growth defects in rice (Oryza sativa) bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Marketa Samalova
Inducible systems for transgene expression activated by a chemical inducer or an inducer of non-plant origin are desirable tools for both basic plant research and biotechnology. Although, the technology has been widely exploited in model plants, it has not been optimised for use with the major monocotyledonous crop species, namely rice. We have adapted the dexamethasone-inducible pOp6/LhGR system for
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Deciphering the genetic basis of wheat seminal root anatomy uncovers ancestral axial conductance alleles bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Elisha Hendel; Harel Bacher; Adi Oksenberg; Harkamal Walia; Nimrod Schwartz; Zvi Peleg
Root axial conductance which describes the ability of water to pass throw the xylem, contributes to the rate of water uptake from the soil throughout the whole plant lifecycle. In a rainfed wheat agro-system, grain-filling is typically occurring during declining water availability (i.e. terminal drought). Therefore, preserving soil water moisture during grain filling could serve as a key adaptive trait
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Sucrose transport and metabolism control carbon partitioning between stem and grain in rice bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Jyotirmaya Mathan; Anuradha Singh; Aashish Ranjan
The source-sink relationship is key to overall crop performance. Detailed understanding of the factors that determine source-sink dynamics is imperative for the balance of biomass and grain yield in crop plants. We investigated the differences in the source-sink relationship between a cultivated rice Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare and a wild rice Oryza australiensis that show striking differences in biomass
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Mechanisms of far-red light-mediated dampening of defense against Botrytis cinerea in tomato leaves bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Sarah Courbier; Basten L. Snoek; Kaisa Kajala; Saskia C.M. Van Wees; Ronald Pierik
Plants detect neighboring competitors through a decrease in the ratio between red and far-red light (R:FR). This decreased R:FR is perceived by phytochrome photoreceptors and triggers shade avoidance responses such as shoot elongation and upward leaf movement (hyponasty). In addition to promoting elongation growth, low R:FR perception enhances plant susceptibility to pathogens: the growth-defense trade-off
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PPi plays a role in sugar starvation tolerance bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Seedahmed Ahmed Mohammed
H+-PPase acidifies the endo-membrane compartments utilizing the energy of PPi hydrolysis. This acidification creates an electrochemical proton gradient that powers the secondary active transport and allows for vacuolar accumulation of several materials against their concentration gradients. The hydrolysis of the cytosolic PPi is necessary for the forwardness of the PPi-generating reactions. However
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Whole-genome sequence analysis of mutations in rice plants regenerated from zygotes, mature embryos, and immature embryos bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Masako Ichikawa; Norio Kato; Erika Toda; Masakazu Kashihara; Yuji Ishida; Yukoh Hiei; Sachiko Isobe; Kenta Shirasawa; Hideki Hirakawa; Takashi Okamoto; Toshihiko Komari
Somaclonal variation was studied by whole-genome sequencing in rice plants (Oryza sativa L., 'Nipponbare') regenerated from the zygotes, mature embryos, and immature embryos of a single mother plant. The mother plant and its seed-propagated progeny were also sequenced. A total of 338 variants of the mother plant sequence were detected in the progeny, and mean values ranged from 9.0 of the seed-propagated
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Purification and partial characterization of a high hemagglutinating chitin-binding lectin from Aponogeton natans tubers bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Shashikanth Dara; Harikrishna Naik Lavudi; Venkateswara Rao A; Nanibabu badithi; Seshagiri Rao Kottapalli
A novel chitin-binding lectin was isolated from the tubers of a plant Aponogeton natans from the monocot family Aponogetonaceae, designated as ANTL (Aponogeton natans tuber lectin). The lectin agglutinated both untreated and trypsin-treated rabbit erythrocytes, as well as human blood cells of groups A, B and O with different specificities. Lectin activity is inhibited by the oligomers of N-acetylglucosamine
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Local jasmonic acid cues drive systemic acquired resistance signal generation bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Jennifer H Sales; Elisabeth Pabst; Marion Wenig; Heiko H Breitenbach; Gerardo Perez; Claudia Knappe; Richard Hammerl; Jinghui Liu; Wilfried Rozhon; Brigitte Poppenberger; Erwin Grill; Corinna Dawid; Corina Vlot
The phytohormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) promote two, mutually antagonistic immune pathways respectively protecting plants from biotrophic pathogens and necrotrophic pathogens or insects. This trade-off largely precludes the exploitation of SA and JA immune components for crop protection, raising the interest in immune signalling components that disrupt SA-JA antagonism. A local
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Conserved and non-conserved triggers of 24-nt reproductive phasiRNAs in eudicots bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Suresh Pokhrel; Kun C. Huang; Blake C. Meyers
Plant small RNAs (sRNAs) play important roles in plant growth and development by modulating expression of genes and transposons. In many flowering plant species, male reproductive organs, the anthers, produce abundant phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs). Two classes of reproductive phasiRNAs are generally known, mostly from monocots: pre-meiotic 21-nt phasiRNAs triggered by miR2118, and meiotic
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Osa-miR820 regulatory node primes rice plants to tolerate salt stress in an agronomically advantageous manner bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Neha Sharma; Sudhir Kumar; Neeti Sanan-Mishra
Plant microRNAs (miRs) play an important role in regulating gene expression under normal and stressful environments. Here we report the functional implications on the role of OsamiR820, which can be grouped as a young, rice specific miR. It is a member of the class II transposon derived small RNA family and is processed as 21 nt and 24 nt length variants, respectively. Size of the miR820 family varies
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Low photorespiratory capacity is sufficient to block photosynthetic capacity acclimation in high light bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Christopher R Baker; Krishna K. Niyogi; Ana Paula Alonso; Jean Christophe Cocuron
The induction of high photosynthetic capacity (i.e., the CO2- and light-saturated maximum photosynthetic rate) in HL is a shared response among many herbaceous dicot plants. The increase in photosynthetic capacity following a shift to growth in high light (HL) was measured across a large panel of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes revealing substantial ecotypic variation in photosynthetic capacity acclimation
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A centrifuge-based method for identifying novel genetic traits that affect root-substrate adhesion in Arabidopsis thaliana bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Bethany May Eldridge; Emily R Larson; Laura Weldon; Kevin M Smyth; Annabelle N Sellin; Isaac V Chenchiah; Tanniemola B Liverpool; Claire S Grierson
The physical presence of roots and the compounds they release affect the cohesion between roots and their environment. However, the plant traits that are important for these interactions are unknown and most methods that quantify the contributions of these traits are time-intensive and require specialist equipment and complex substrates. Our lab developed an inexpensive, high-throughput phenotyping
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The bacterial virulence factors rhamnolipids and their (R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate precursors activate Arabidopsis innate immunity through two independent mechanisms bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Romain Schellenberger; Jerome Crouzet; Arvin Nickzad; Alexander Kutschera; Tim Gerster; Nicolas Borie; Corinna Dawid; Maude Cloutier; Sandra Villaume; Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier; Jane Hubert; Sylvain Cordelier; Florence Mazeyrat-Gourbeyre; Christian Schmid; Marc Ongena; Jean-Hugues Renault; Arnaud Haudrechy; Thomas Hofmann; Fabienne Baillieul; Christophe Clement; Cyril Zipfel; Charles Gauthier; Eric
Plant innate immunity is activated upon perception of invasion pattern molecules by plant cell-surface immune receptors. Several bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Burkholderia produce rhamnolipids (RLs) from L-rhamnose and (R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate precursors (HAAs). RL and HAA secretion is required to modulate bacterial surface motility, biofilm development, and thus successful colonization of hosts
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A conserved regulatory module regulates receptor kinase signaling in immunity and development bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Thomas A DeFalco; Pauline Anne; Sean R James; Andrew Willoughby; Oliver Johanndrees; Yasmine Genolet; Anne-Marie Pullen; cyril zipfel; Christian Hardtke; Zachary L Nimchuk
Ligand recognition by cell-surface receptors underlies development and immunity in both animals and plants. Modulating receptor signaling is critical for appropriate cellular responses but the mechanisms ensuring this are poorly understood. Here, we show that signaling by plant receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in immunity and CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED peptides
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Plants export 2-monopalmitin and supply both fatty acyl and glyceryl moieties to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Leonie Luginbuehl; Harrie van Erp; Henry Cheeld; Kirankumar S Mysore; Jiangqi Wen; Giles E. Oldroyd; Peter J. Eastmond
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) rely on their host plants to provide them with fatty acids (FA), but the precise form(s) in which they are supplied is still unclear. Here we show that ectopic expression of the transcription factor REQUIRED FOR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZATION 1 (RAM1) can drive secretion of 2-monoacylglycerols (2MGs) from Medicago truncatula roots and that their main FA moiety is palmitic
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Conductivity of the phloem in Mangifera indica L. bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Miguel Barcelo-Anguiano; Jose I Hormaza; Juan M Losada
Mangifera indica is the fifth most consumed fruit worldwide, and the most important in tropical regions, but its anatomy is quite unexplored. Previous studies examined the effect of chemicals on the xylem structure in the stems of mango, but the anatomy of the phloem has remained elusive, leaving the long-distance transport of photoassimilates understudied. In this work, we used a combination of fluorescence
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The intrinsic chaperone network of Arabidopsis stem cells confers protection against proteotoxic stress bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Ernesto Llamas; Salvador Torres-Montilla; Hyun Ju Lee; Maria Victoria Barja; Elena Schlimgen; Nick Dunken; Prerana Wagle; Wolfgang Werr; Alga Zuccaro; Manuel Rodriguez-Concepcion; David Vilchez
The biological purpose of plant stem cells is to maintain themselves while providing new pools of differentiated cells that form organs and rejuvenate or replace damaged tissues. Protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is required for cell function and viability. However, the link between proteostasis and plant stem cell identity remains unknown. In contrast to their differentiated counterparts, we find
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Piriformospora indica employs hosts putrescine for growth promotion in plants bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Anish Kundu; Abhimanyu Jogawat; Shruti Mishra; Pritha Kundu; Jyothilakshmi Vadassery
Growth promotion by endosymbiont Piriformospora indica has been observed in various plants; however, specific functional metabolites involved in P. indica mediated growth promotion are unknown. A GC-MS based untargeted metabolite analysis was used to identify Solanum lycopersicum metabolites altered during P. indica mediated growth promotion. Metabolomic analysis showed primary metabolites altered
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Transcripts repressed at the stop of phloem unloading highlight the energy efficiency of sugar import in the ripening V. vinifera fruit. bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Stefania Savoi; Laurent Torregrosa; Charles Romieu
Transcriptomic changes at the cessation of sugar accumulation in the pericarp of Vitis vinifera were addressed on single berries re-synchronized according to their individual growth patterns. The net rates of water, sugars and K+ accumulation inferred from individual growth and solute concentration confirmed that these inflows stopped simultaneously in the ripe berry, while the small amount of malic
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METHYLOME DYNAMIC UPON PROTEASOME INHIBITION BY THE PSEUDOMONAS VIRULENCE FACTOR SYRINGOLIN A bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Stefan Grob; Diane MV Bonnet; Louis Tirot; pauline E jullien
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark required for proper gene expression and silencing of transposable elements. DNA methylation patterns can be modified by environmental factors such as pathogen infection, where modification of DNA methylation can be associated with plant resistance. To counter the plant defense pathways, pathogens produce effectors molecule, several of which act as proteasome
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A new family of structurally conserved fungal effectors displays epistatic interactions with plant resistance proteins bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Noureddine Lazar; Carl H Mesarich; Yohann Petit-Houdenot; Nacera Talbi; Ines Li de la Sierra-Gallay; Emilie Zelie; Karine Blondeau; Jérome Gracy; Bénédicte Ollivier; Francoise Blaise; Thierry Rouxel; Marie-Hélène Balesdent; Alexander Idnurm; Herman van Tilbeurgh; Isabelle Fudal
Recognition of a pathogen avirulence (AVR) effector protein by a cognate plant resistance (R) protein triggers a set of immune responses that render the plant resistant. Pathogens can escape this so-called Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI) by different mechanisms including the deletion or loss-of-function mutation of the AVR gene, the incorporation of point mutations that allow recognition to be evaded
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Untargeted metabolomic analyses reveal the diversity and plasticity of the specialized metabolome in seeds of different Camelina sativa varieties bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Stephanie Boutet; Léa Barreda; François Perreau; Grégory Mouille; Etienne Delannoy; Marie-Laure Martin-Magniette; Andrea Monti; Loïc Lepiniec; Federica Zanetti; Massimiliano Corso
Seeds produce a myriad of Specialized Metabolites (SMs). Nevertheless, despite the essential role of SMs in the interaction of plants with their environment, studying the ability of crop seeds to produce these protective compounds has been neglected. Camelina is an oilseed crop, whose seeds are characterized by high oil content and a unique composition, including broad SM diversity. We characterized
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Coordinated action of RTBV and RTSV proteins suppress host RNA silencing machinery bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Abhishek Anand; Malathi Pinninti; Anita Tripathi; Satendra K Mangrauthia; Neeti Sanan-Mishra
RNA silencing is as an adaptive immune response in plants that limits accumulation or spread of invading viruses. Successful virus infection entails countering the RNA silencing for efficient replication and systemic spread in the host. The viruses encode proteins having the ability to suppress or block the host silencing mechanism, resulting in severe pathogenic symptoms and diseases. Tungro virus
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Analysis of phloem trajectory links tissue maturation to cell specialization. bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Pawel Roszak; Jung-ok Heo; Bernhard Blob; Koichi Toyokura; Maria Angels de Luis Balaguer; Winnie Lau; Fiona K Hamey; Jacopo Cirrone; Xin Wang; Robertas Ursache; Hugo Tavares; Kevin Verstaen; Jos Wendrich; Charles W. Melnyk; Dennis Shasha; Sebastian Ahnert; Yvan Saeys; Bert De Rybel; Renze Heidstra; Ben Scheres; Ari Pekka Mähönen; Berthold Gottgens; Rosangela Sozzani; Kenneth David Birnbaum; Yrjö Helariutta
The mechanisms that allow cells in the plant meristem to coordinate tissue-wide maturation gradients with specialized cell networks are critical for indeterminate growth. Here, we reconstructed the protophloem developmental trajectory of 19 cells from cell birth to terminal differentiation at single cell resolution in the Arabidopsis root. We found that cellular specification is mediated near the stem
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Brassinosteroid signaling component SlBES1 promotes tomato fruit softening through transcriptional repression of PMEU1 bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Haoran Liu; Lihong Liu; Dongyi Liang; Min Zhang; Chengguo Jia; Mingfang Qi; Yuanyuan Liu; Zhiyong Shao; Fanliang Meng; Songshen Hu; Chuanyou Li; Qiaomei Wang
Firmness is one of the most important factors that affect postharvest properties of tomato fruit. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying firmness formation in tomato fruit is poorly understood. Here, we report a novel role of SlBES1, a transcriptional factor (TF) mediating brassinosteroid (BR) signaling, in tomato fruit softening. We first found that SlBES1 promotes fruit softening during tomato
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Fine-tuning the transcriptional regulatory model of adaptation response to phosphate stress in maize (Zea mays L.) bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Pranjal Yadava; Vikram Dayaman; Astha Agarwal; Krishan Kumar; Ishwar Singh; Rachana Verma; Tanushri Kaul
The post green revolution agriculture is based on generous application of fertilizers and high-yielding genotypes that are suited for such high input regimes. Cereals, like maize ( Zea mays L.) are capable of utilizing less than 20% of the applied inorganic phosphate (Pi) - a non-renewable fertilizer resource. A greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition, transportation
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Expression of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast diacylglycerol acyltransferase-3 is activated by light in concert with triacylglycerol accumulation. bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-18 María de las Mercedes Carro; Débora Soto; Leandro Mamone; Gabriela Gonorazky; Carolina Bagnato; María Verónica Beligni
Considerable progress has been made towards the understanding of triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in algae. One key aspect is finding conditions that trigger TAG production without reducing cell division. Previously, we identified a soluble diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), related to plant DGAT3, with heterologous DGAT activity. In this work, we demonstrate that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii DGAT3
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Highly efficient multiplex editing: One-shot generation of 8x Nicotiana benthamiana and 12x Arabidopsis mutants bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Johannes Stuttmann; Karen Barthel; Patrick Martin; Jana Ordon; Jessica Lee Erickson; Rosalie Herr; Filiz Ferik; Carola Kretschmer; Thomas Berner; Jens Keilwagen; Sylvestre Marillonnet; Ulla Bonas
Genome editing by RNA-guided nucleases, such as SpCas9, has been used in numerous different plant species. However, to what extent multiple independent loci can be targeted simultaneously by multiplexing has not been well-documented. Here, we developed a toolkit, based on a highly intron-optimized zCas9i gene, which allows assembly of nuclease constructs expressing up to 32 sgRNAs. We used this toolkit
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Trait plasticity and covariance along a continuous soil moisture gradient bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-17 J Grey Monroe; Haoran Cai; David L Des Marais
Water availability is perhaps the greatest environmental determinant of plant yield and fitness. However, our understanding of plant-water relations is limited because it is primarily informed by experiments considering soil moisture variability at two discrete levels - wet and dry - rather than as a continuously varying environmental gradient. Here we used experimental and statistical methods based
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Spatial metabolomics using imaging mass spectrometry to identify the localization of asparaptine in Asparagus officinalis bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Ryo Nakabayashi; Kei Hashimoto; Tetsuya Mori; Kiminori Toyooka; Hiroshi Sudo; Kazuki Saito
Spatial metabolomics uses imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to localize metabolites within tissue section. Here, we performed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-IMS (MALDI-FTICR-IMS) to identify the localization of asparaptine, a naturally occurring inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme, in green spears of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis). Spatial
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High-resolution model of Arabidopsis Photosystem II reveals the structural consequences of digitonin-extraction bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-17 André T. Graça; Michael Hall; Karina Persson; Wolfgang P. Schröder
In photosynthesis, solar energy is converted into stored chemical energy and oxygen. In higher plants, the photosynthetic process is performed and regulated by the Photosystem II (PSII). Arabidopsis thaliana was the first higher plant with a fully sequenced genome, conferring it the status of a model organism; nonetheless, a high-resolution structure of its Photosystem II is missing. Using single-particle
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Genotypic variation in soil penetration by maize roots is negatively related to ethylene-induced thickening bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Dorien J Vanhees; Hannah M Schneider; Kenneth W Loades; A Glyn Bengough; Malcolm J Bennett; Bipin K Pandey; Kathleen J Brown; Sacha J Mooney; Jonathan Lynch
Radial expansion is a classic response of roots to mechanical impedance that has generally been assumed to aid penetration. We analysed the response of maize nodal roots to impedance to test the hypothesis that radial expansion is not related to the ability of roots to cross a compacted soil layer. Genotypes varied in their ability to cross the compacted layer, and those with a steeper approach to
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Applying cis-regulatory codes to predict conserved and variable heat and cold stress response in maize bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Peng Zhou; Tara A Enders; Zachary A. Myers; Erika Magnusson; Peter Alexander Crisp; Jaclyn Noshay; Fabio A. Gomez Cano; Zhikai Liang; Erich Grotewold; Katie Greenham; Nathan M. Springer
Changes in gene expression are important for response to abiotic stress. Transcriptome profiling performed on maize inbred and hybrid genotypes subjected to heat or cold stress identifies many transcript abundance changes in response to these environmental conditions. Motifs that are enriched near differentially expressed genes were used to develop machine learning models to predict gene expression
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Multi-metabolomics using imaging mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for spatially characterizing monoterpene indole alkaloids secreted from roots bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Ryo Nakabayashi; Noriko Takeda-Kamiya; Yutaka Yamada; Tetsuya Mori; Mai Uzaki; Takashi Nirasawa; Kiminori Toyooka; Kazuki Saito
Plants release specialized (secondary) metabolites from their roots to communicate with other organisms, including soil microorganisms. The spatial behavior of such metabolites around these roots can help us understand roles for the communication; however, currently they are unclear because soil-based studies are complex. Here, we established a multi-metabolomics approach using imaging mass spectrometry
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Environment-Dependent Switch between Two Immune Systems against Ralstonia solanacearum Infections in Pepper bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Sheng Yang; Weiwei Cai; Lei Shen; Ruijie Wu; Jianshen Cao; Jinsen Cai; Shicong He; Yutong Zheng; Qixiong Zhang; Aiwen Wang; Deyi Guan; Shuilin He
Although plant diseases generally cause more severe symptoms under conditions of high temperature and high humidity(HTHH), how plant respond to pathogen attack under this condition remains elusive. As an example, we herein comparatively studied pepper(Capsicum annuum) immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum under HTHH and ambient temperature by approaches of reverse genetics. We found that pepper respond
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The lncRNA APOLO interacts with the transcription factor WRKY42 to trigger root hair cell expansion in response to cold bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Michaël Moison; Javier Martínez Pacheco; Leandro Lucero; Camille Fonouni-Farde; Johan Rodríguez-Melo; Natanael Mansilla; Aurélie Christ; Jérémie Bazin; Moussa Benhamed; Fernando Ibañez; Martin Crespi; Jose Estevez; Federico Ariel
Plant long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of chromatin dynamics, impacting on transcriptional programs leading to different developmental outputs. The lncRNA AUXIN REGULATED PROMOTER LOOP ( APOLO ) directly recognizes multiple independent loci across the Arabidopsis genome and modulates their three-dimensional chromatin conformation, leading to transcriptional shifts
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A Stomata Classification and Detection System in Microscope Images of Maize Cultivars bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Alexandre Hild Aono; James Shiniti Nagai; Gabriella Dickel; Rafaela Cabral Marinho; Paulo Oliveira; Joao Paulo Papa; Fabio Faria
Research on stomata, i.e., morphological structures of plants, has increased in popularity in the last years. These structures (pores) are in charge of the interaction between the internal plant system and the environment, working on different processes such as photosynthesis and transpiration stream. Besides, a better understanding of the pore mechanism plays a significant role when exploring the
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Enhanced reproductive thermotolerance is associated with increased accumulation of flavonols in pollen of the tomato high-pigment 2 mutant. bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Nicholas Rutley; Golan Miller; Fengde Wang; Jeffrey F Harper; Gad Miller; Michal Lieberman-Lazarovich
Climate change has created an environment where heat stress conditions are becoming more frequent as temperatures continue to rise in crop production areas around the world. This situation leads to decreased crop production due to plant sensitivity to heat stress. Reproductive success is critically dependent on plants' ability to produce functional pollen grains, which are the most thermo-sensitive
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Characterisation of the R2R3 Myb subgroup 9 family of transcription factors in tomato bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Gwen V Davis; Beverley Glover
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has many epidermal cell outgrowths including conical cells and multiple types of trichomes. These include the anther-specific trichome mesh which holds the anthers connate. The R2R3 Myb Subgroup 9 family of transcription factors is involved in development of epidermal cell outgrowths throughout the angiosperms. No previous study has examined all members of this transcription
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Screening of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for drought tolerance bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Choki Dorji; Jigme Thinley
Drought is an important factor limiting crop yield and food insecurity globally. Sixty- percent of the bean production areas are prone to drought and subsequently result in eighty-percent of yield reduction. It is emerging as a rising threat to farming communities in Bhutan. Limited studies on crop drought tolerance done in Bhutan. Six bean genotypes (Orey serbu, Orey regtang, Orey brokchilu, Yadhipa
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Natural variations in the P-type ATPase heavy metal transporter ZmCd1 controlling cadmium accumulation in maize grains bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Bin Tang; Meijie Luo; Yunxia Zhang; Jingna Li; Huanle Guo; Wei Song; Ruyang Zhang; Zhen Feng; Mengsi Kong; Han Li; Zhongyang Cao; Xiaoduo Lu; Delin Li; Jianhua Zhang; Ronghuan Wang; Yuandong Wang; Zhihui Chen; Yanxin Zhao; Jiuran Zhao
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in maize grains is detrimental to human health. Developing maize varieties with low-Cd contents via marker-assisted selection is important for ensuring the production of maize grains safe for consumption. However, the key gene controlling maize grain Cd accumulation has not been cloned. In this study, we identified two major loci for maize grain Cd accumulation (qCd1 and qCd2)
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Induced systemic resistance impacts the phyllosphere microbiome through plant-microbe-microbe interactions bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Anna Sommer; Marion Wenig; Claudia Knappe; Susanne Kublik; Baerbel Foesel; Michael Schloter; Corina Vlot
Both above- and below-ground parts of plants are constantly confronted with microbes, which are main drivers for the development of plant-microbe interactions. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance the immunity of above-ground tissues, which is known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). We show here that ISR also influences the leaf microbiome. We compared ISR triggered by the model strain
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An advanced lentil backcross population developed from a cross between Lens culinaris × L. ervoides for future disease resistance and genomic studies bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Tadesse Gela; Stanley Adobor; Hamid Khazaei; Albert Vandenberg
Genetically accessible variation to some of the abiotic and biotic stresses are limited in the cultivated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) germplasm. Introgression of novel alleles from its wild relative species might be required for enhancing the genetic improvement of the crop. L. ervoides, one of the wild relatives of lentil, is a proven source of disease resistance for the crop. Here we introduce
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A simple explanation for declining temperature sensitivity with warming bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 E M Wolkovich; J L Auerbach; C J Chamberlain; D M Buonaiuto; A K Ettinger; I. Morales-Castilla; A Gelman
Temperature sensitivity--the magnitude of a biological response per °C--is a fundamental concept across scientific disciplines, especially biology, where temperature determines the rate of many plant, animal and ecosystem processes. Recently, a growing body of literature in global change biology has found temperature sensitivities decline as temperatures rise (1; 2; 3; 4). Such observations have been
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Colletotrichum higginsianum effectors exhibit cell to cell hypermobility in plant tissues and modulate intercellular connectivity amongst a variety of cellular processes bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Mina Ohstu; Joanna Jennings; Matthew G Johnston; Xiaokun Liu; Nathan Hughes; Kara Stark; Richard J Morris; Jeroen de Keijzer; Christine Faulkner
Multicellular organisms exchange information and resources between cells to co-ordinate growth and responses. In plants, plasmodesmata establish cytoplasmic continuity between cells to allow for communication and resource exchange across the cell wall. Some plant pathogens use plasmodesmata as a pathway for both molecular and physical invasion. However, the benefits of molecular invasion (cell-to-cell
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Proline-rich Extensin-like Receptor Kinases PERK5 and PERK12 are involved in Pollen Tube Growth bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Cecilia Borassi; Ana Sede; Martin A Mecchia; Silvina Mangano; Eliana Marzol; Silvina P. Denita-Juarez; Juan D Salgado Salter; Silvia M Velasquez; Jorge P Muschietti; Jose Estevez
Cell wall integrity plays an essential role during cell elongation impacting on polar growth (e.g. in pollen tubes and root hairs). Proline-rich Extensin-like Receptor Kinases (PERK) belong to the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) superfamily of cell surface glycoproteins. Here, we identified two PERKs from Arabidopsis thaliana, PERK5 and PERK12 highly expressed in mature pollen and pollen tubes
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Rapid screening of pest resistance genes in maize using a sugarcane mosaic virus vector bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Seung Ho Chung; Mahdiyeh Bigham; Ryan R Lappe; Barry Chan; Ugrappa Nagalakshmi; Steven A. Whitham; Savithramma P Dinesh-Kumar; Georg Jander
Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) is a notorious pest that threatens maize production world-wide. Current control measures involve the use of chemical insecticides and transgenic maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. Although several additional transgenes have confirmed insecticidal activity in other plants, limited research has been conducted in maize, at least partially due to
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Female gametophyte expressed Arabidopsis thaliana lipid transfer proteins AtLtpI.4 and AtLtpI.8 provide a link between callose homeostasis, pollen tube guidance, and fertilization success bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Khushbu Kumari; Meng Zhao; Sebastian Britz; Christine Weiste; Wolfgang Droege-Laser; Christian Stigloher; Rosalia Deeken; Dirk Becker
Non-specific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) represent a sub-class among the large family of Cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) specific to land plants. LTPs possess a hydrophobic cavity, enabling them to bind and stabilize a variety of lipid molecules outside membranes. In line with the existence of an N-terminal signal peptide, secreted LTPs represent a well-suited mobile signal carrier in the plants extracellular
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The SLIM1 transcription factor regulates arsenic sensitivity in Arabidopsis thaliana bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Timothy O Jobe; Qi Yu; Felix Hauser; Qingqing Xie; Yuan Meng; Tim Maassen; Stanislav Kopriva; Julian Schroeder
The transcriptional regulators of arsenic-induced gene expression remain largely unknown; however, arsenic exposure rapidly depletes cellular glutathione levels increasing demand for thiol compounds from the sulfur assimilation pathway. Thus, sulfur assimilation is tightly linked with arsenic detoxification. To explore the hypothesis that the key transcriptional regulator of sulfur assimilation, SLIM1
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A bacterial GW-effector directly targets Arabidopsis Argonaute 1 to suppress PAMP-triggered immunity and cause disease bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Odon Thiebeauld; Magali Charvin; Meenu Singla Rastogi; Fan Yang; Dominique Pontier; Cecile Pouzet; Laure Bapaume; Delase Amsefe; Guangyong Li; Laurent Deslandes; Thierry Lagrange; James R. Alfano; Lionel Navarro
Pseudomonas syringae (P. syringae) type-III effectors were previously found to suppress the Arabidopsis microRNA (miRNA) pathway through unknown mechanisms. Here, we first show that the P. syringae HopT1-1 effector promotes pathogenicity by suppressing the Arabidopsis Argonaute 1 (AGO1)-dependent miRNA pathway. We further demonstrate that HopT1-1 physically interacts with Arabidopsis AGO1 through conserved
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Induction of C4 genes evolved through changes in cis allowing integration into ancestral C3 gene regulatory networks bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Pallavi SIngh; Sean R Stevenson; Ivan Reyna-Llorens; Gregory Reeves; Tina B Schreier; Julian M Hibberd
C4 photosynthesis has evolved independently in over sixty lineages and in so doing repurposed existing enzymes to drive a carbon pump that limits the RuBisCO oxygenation reaction. In all cases, gene expression is modified such that C4 proteins accumulate to levels matching those of the photosynthetic apparatus. To better understand this rewiring of gene expression we undertook RNA- and DNaseI-SEQ on
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Fine-tuned spatiotemporal dynamics of sporophylls in movement-assisted dichogamy: a study on Clerodendrum infortunatum bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Amritendu Mukhopadhyay; Suhel Quader
Over 70% of flowering plants are hermaphroditic, with male and female parts in the same flower. Hermaphroditism is cost-effective because a common investment in reward and attractive structures yields benefits through both male and female reproductive success. However, the advantage is accompanied by an increased risk of self-pollen deposition, which is disadvantageous for both self-compatible and
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Plant-derived benzoxazinoids act as antibiotics and shape bacterial communities bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Niklas Schandry; Katharina Jandrasits; Ruben Garrido-Oter; Claude Becker
Plants synthesize and release specialized metabolites into their environment that can serve as chemical cues for other organisms. Metabolites that are released from the roots are important factors in determining which microorganisms will colonize the root and become part of the plant rhizosphere microbiota and microbiome. Root exudates are often further converted by soil microorganisms, which can result
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Host preference and invasiveness of commensals in the Lotus and Arabidopsis root microbiota bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Kathrin Wippel; Ke Tao; Yulong Niu; Rafal Zgadzaj; Rui Guan; Eik Dahms; Pengfan Zhang; Dorthe B. Jensen; Elke Logemann; Simona Radutoiu; Paul Schulze-Lefert; Ruben Garrido-Oter
Healthy plants are colonized by microorganisms from the surrounding environment, which form stable communities and provide beneficial services to the host. Culture-independent profiling of the bacterial root microbiota shows that different plant species are colonized by distinct bacterial communities, even if they share the same habitat. It is, however, not known to what extent the host actively selects
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Natural variation in GmRAV confers ecological adaptation through photoperiod control of flowering time and maturity in soybean bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Lin Zhao; Yuhe Wang; Chongjing Xu; Jiafan Sun; Lidong Dong; Minmin Li; Ying Liu; Jianhui Wang; Xiaoming Zhang; Dongmei Li; Jingzhe Sun; Yuntong Zhang; Jinming Shan; Wenbin Li
Photoperiod strictly controlled vegetative and reproductive growth stages in soybean. A soybean GmRAV transcription factor containing both AP2 and B3 domains was shown to be a key component of this process. We identified six polymorphisms in GmRAV promoter that showed significant association with flowering time and maturity of soybean in one or multiple environments. Soybean varieties with minor polymorphism
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A stochastic process modelling of maize phyllochron enables to characterize environmental and genetic effects. bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Sandra Plancade; Elodie Marchadier; Sylvie Huet; Adrienne Ressayre; Camille Nous; Christine Dillmann
The time between appearance of successive leaves or phyllochron enables to characterize the vegetative development of maize plants which determines their flowering time. Phyllochron is usually considered as constant over the development of a given plant, even though studies have demonstrated response of growth parameters to environmental variables. In this paper, we proposed a novel statistical approach
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Expression of a fungal lectin in Arabidopsis enhances plant growth and resistance towards microbial pathogens and plant-parasitic nematode bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Aboubakr Moradi; Mohamed El-Shetehy; Jordi Gamir; Tina Austerlitz; Paul Dahlin; Krzysztof Wieczorek; Markus Kuenzler; Felix Mauch
Coprinopsis cinerea lectin 2 (CCL2) is a fucoside-binding lectin from the basidiomycete C. cinerea that is toxic to the bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as well as animal-parasitic and fungivorous nematodes. We expressed CCL2 in Arabidopsis to assess its protective potential towards plant-parasitic nematodes. Our results demonstrate that expression of CCL2 enhances host resistance against
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A vacuolar hexose transport is required for xylem development in the inflorescence stem of Arabidopsis. bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Emilie Aubry; Beate Hoffmann; Francoise Vilaine; Francoise Gilard; Patrick A.W. Klemens; Florence Guerard; Bertrand Gakiere; H. Ekkehard Neuhaus; Catherine Bellini; Sylvie Dinant; Rozenn Le Hir
In higher plants, the development of the vascular system is controlled by a complex network of transcription factors. However, how nutrient availability in the vascular cells affects their development remains to be addressed. At the cellular level, cytosolic sugar availability is regulated mainly by sugar exchanges at the tonoplast through active and/or facilitated transport. In Arabidopsis thaliana