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Chronic sexually acquired reactive arthritis secondary to Chlamydiatrachomatis Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Arkendu Basu, Jaya Biswas, Saurabh Singh, Vishal Gupta, Benu Dhawan
Reactive arthritis is included in the spectrum of seronegative spondyloarthritides, occurring secondary to triggers of genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract infections. We describe two cases of sexually acquired reactive arthritis secondary to genital infection by , diagnosed by in-house polymerase chain reaction performed on the first void urine. Both patients were managed with a combined approach
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In vitro activity of the newly approved antimicrobial agent Cefiderocol against Carbapenem resistant Gram negative clinical isolates Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-10 Himanshi Khanchandani, Madhulika Chaudhury, M Srihari Rao, N. Ramakrishna, B. Venkataramana, Abhijit Chaudhury
Carbapenem resistant Gram negative bacteria have emerged as priority pathogens in recent years. Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin licensed in 2019 with claimed activity against ESBL producing and carbapenem resistant bacteria with much better safety margin compared to colistin. The present study was undertaken to assess the in vitro activity of cefiderocol against carbapenem resistant clinical
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Lessons learned from an external quality assurance program in applying CLSI interpretive criteria for reporting piperacillin/tazobactam susceptibility Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Balaji Veeraraghavan, Yamuna Devi Bakthavatchalam, Rani Diana Sahni
We evaluated the performance of automated susceptibility testing for piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ) MICs against the reference microbroth dilution method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of PTZ against a clinical isolate of was determined by reference broth micro-dilution method in 10 replicates which yielded a modal MIC of 16 mg/L (susceptible dose-dependent). Out of 434 laboratories who obtained
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Utility of galactomannan diagnostic assay in rhino-orbito-cerebral mycosis in COVID-19 patients Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Kuhu Chatterjee, Juhi Taneja, Charu Agarwal, Jaseetha Sasidharan, Asim Das, Aparna Pandey
An increasing number of fungal infections were reported post COVID-19 and many of them were caused by fungi of mixed aetiologies. This study was carried out to assess the utility of serum galactomannan (GM) assay in establishing the etiology of acute rhino-orbito-cerebral mycosis caused by spp. Two serum samples were obtained from 41 suspected post COVID-19 rhino-orbito-cerebral mycosis patients to
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Challenges in management of Candida auris meningitis secondary to infected ventriculoperitoneal shunt – A case report Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Sowmya Sridharan, Aishwarya Govindaswamy, Adithyan Rajendran, Roopesh Kumar V.R.
Meningitis in patients with ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VP shunt) caused by various species of have been widely described in literature. However, reports describing as a cause of meningitis is limited. In this case report we describe a case of multidrug resistant meningitis secondary to VP shunt infection successfully treated with intrathecal amphotericin B deoxycholate and intravenous liposomal amphotericin
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Integron distribution and relationship to antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolated from blood culture Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Sedef Zeliha Öner, Esra Karaday, Ahmet Çalışkan, Melek Demir, Hande Şenol, İlknur Kaleli
The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of integrons in strains of E. coli isolated from blood culture and the relationship between integrons and antimicrobial resistance. The study included 100 E. coli strains sent to the Medical Microbiology Laboratory from different clinics between September 2022 and June 2023. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated according to the European Committee
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An outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis due to Coxsackievirus A24 in a residential school, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh: July 2023 Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Pallavi Boro, Tojum Gongo, Kimo Ori, Yompe Kamki, Nyai Ete, Moji Jini, Lobsang Jampa, Saurav Jyoti Patgiri, Neelanjana Sarmah, Aktarul Islam Siddique, Chandra Kanta Bhattacharjee, Nargis K. Bali, Biswajyoti Borkakoty
An acute conjunctivitis outbreak was investigated at a residential school in Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India, in July 2023. We aimed to identify the etiological agent and assess any complications in follow-up cases. We used a structured questionnaire to record clinical findings and followed up with cases one-month post-conjunctivitis. Sixty-one cases were examined and eight conjunctival
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Approach towards surveillance-based diagnosis of acute respiratory illness in India: Expert recommendations Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Vikas Manchanda, Jayshree Muralidharan, Neeraj Nischal, Kshitij Aggarwal, Swati Gupta, Nivedita Gupta, Anoop Velayudhan, Harmanmeet Kaur, Megha Brijwal, Mala Chhabra, Rajlakshmi Vishwanathan, Rahul Dhodapkar, Sanjay K. Mahajan, Saumya Deol, Jerin C. Sekhar, Srestha Mitra, Sonal Saxena, Jyoti Kumar, Anju Garg, Rakesh Lodha, V. Ravi, Manish Soneja, Valsan Philip Verghese, Camilla Rodrigues
Emerging infectious diseases, often zoonotic, demand a collaborative “One-Health” surveillance approach due to human activities. The need for standardized diagnostic and surveillance algorithms is emphasized to address the difficulty in clinical differentiation and curb antimicrobial resistance. The present recommendations are comprehensive diagnostic and surveillance algorithm for ARIs, developed
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Molecular characterization of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients with gastroenteritis in a tertiary referral hospital of northeast India Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Sayani Roy, Barnamoy Bhattacharjee, Pranab Behari Mazumder, Mohana Bhattacharjee, Debadatta Dhar, Amitabha Bhattacharjee
Diarrhoeal illness accounts for a high morbidity and mortality both in paediatric as well as adult groups and diarrhoeagenic occupies a top position as a causative agent of infectious diarrhoeal illness worldwide. The aim of the current investigation was to determine the virulence and pattern of antibiotic resistance of enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, and shiga toxigenic that are linked to diarrhoea
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Serial active surveillance cultures of children admitted to a medical pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital: A prospective observational study Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Ashish Agarwal, Muralidharan Jayashree, Archana Angrup, Manisha Biswal, K.C. Sudeep, Shankar Prasad, Arun Bansal, Karthi Nallasamy, Suresh Kumar Angurana
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Influence of COVID-19 over seasonal influenza activity in southern India Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Ferdinamarie Sharmila, S. Muthamizhkumaran, Vimal Raj Ratchagadasse, Narayan Ramamurthy, Sujatha Sistla, Rahul Dhodapkar
Basic epidemiological data is urgently needed in order to ascertain the changes brought about by COVID-19 pandemic, and help researchers, clinicians, and policy makers in addressing these issues. Data on influenza positivity from 2009 to 2019 was collected from Regional Influenza laboratory, JIPMER. Being COVID testing centre we tested samples (2020–2023) from Tamilnadu and Pondicherry. All SARI samples
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Treatment challenges in the management of difficult-to-treat gram-positive infections: A consensus view apropos therapeutic role of novel anti-MRSA antibiotics, levonadifloxacin (IV) and alalevonadifloxacin (oral) Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Sanjith Saseedharan, Dilip Dubey, Ratender Kumar Singh, Kapil Zirpe, Anirban Hom Choudhuri, Dip Narayan Mukherjee, Neha Gupta, Shrikant Sahasrabudhe, Sachin Soni, Sudhir Kulkarni, Prashant Walse, Agam Chandravadan Vora, Jessy Thomas, Ashwini Tayade, Girish Bhadarke, Kamal Kishore, Yashesh Paliwal, Pratik Patil, Pavan Kumar Reddy, Vasant Nagvekar, Balaji Veeraraghavan
Treatment of antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive infections (GPIs), including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is becoming increasingly difficult, particularly in patients with multiple co-morbidities who require antibiotics with greater safety and a consistent pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profile. Such difficult-to-treat GPIs are often associated with poor outcomes, extended hospital stay and
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Evaluation of different linezolid susceptibility testing methods and detection of linezolid resistance gene (cfr) in staphylococcal isolates Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Sudarsan Bagavane Nandivarmane, Meerabai Manoharan, Madhan Sugumar, Sujatha Sistla
Linezolid is an effective oxazolidinone antibiotic against multi resistant Gram-positive organisms. Linezolid resistance is an emerging problem and some controversy exists about the reliability of different phenotypic methods of linezolid susceptibility testing. Fifty isolates each of methicillin resistant (MRSA) and were tested for linezolid susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, E-test
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Neisseria mucosa: A not so Benign Culprit of urinary tract infection: A case report Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Sukriti Yadav, Sapna Pahil, Mani Bhushan Kumar, Ritin Mohindra, Balvinder Mohan, Neelam Taneja
is saprophytic human commensal but reported as a causative agent in a couple of urinary tract infections [UTI] in susceptible individuals. In the present case, a young girl with long standing neurological problems presented with bladder outlet obstruction and fever. Her urine culture yielded which was susceptible to broad spectrum penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin
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Effect of Klebsiella-specific phage on multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae- an experimental study. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Somya Shree,Ethel Suman,Himani Kotian,S Harsha Paul,Suchitra Shenoy M
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to study the effect of Klebsiella-specific phage isolated from sewage with and without the combination of antibiotics (imipenem) on the growth of clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae by time-kill assay and also to study the effect of bacteriophage and bacteriophage-antibiotic (imipenem) combination on biofilm production. METHODS A
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Being positive may not be perfect. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Shaoli Basu,Asmita Salvi,Anjali Shetty,Camilla Rodrigues
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Epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of fungal infections from 2018 to 2021 in Shandong, eastern China: A report from the SPARSS program. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-26 Mengyuan Wang,Chunyan Zhang,Zheng Li,Bing Ji,Sijin Man,Maoli Yi,Renzhe Li,Mingju Hao,Shifu Wang
PURPOSE We analyzed the pathogenic fungal epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility from 2018 to 2021 in Shandong Province, China, to provide the basis for empiric antifungal therapy. METHODS Fungal isolates were collected from 54 hospitals in Shandong province from 2018 to 2021 through the Shandong Province Pediatric bacterial & fungal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (SPARSS), WHONET
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Mycobacterium abscessus endocarditis post cardiac cathetrisation-a case report and review of 25 cases (2001–2023) Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-26 Vithiya G, P. Shunmuga Sundaram
47 year male underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty elsewhere, developed fever after two days, and treated empirically in various hospitals for the subsequent two months. Echocardiography showed vegetation in aortic valve and blood cultures were negative. He was then diagnosed as a case of endocarditis due to in our centre by repeated positive blood cultures. After treatment with
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Diptheroids can cause nosocomial UTI and be multidrug resistant: A case report of Corynebacterium striatum, first from India Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Mani Bhushan Kumar, Sapna Pahil, Sukriti Yadav, Karalanglin Tiewsoh, Thakurvir Singh, Balvinder Mohan, Neelam Taneja
Gram positive bacilli in the urine are usually dismissed as contaminants in urine specimens as these are commensal flora of skin and mucous membranes. species were misidentified in the past due to complex biochemicals but the advent of modern diagnostics has made their identification quicker and accurate. species have recently emerged as pathogens of nosocomial outbreak potential. has been identified
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Molecular detection of antimalarial resistance in Plasmodium vivax isolates from a tertiary care setting in Puducherry. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Pheba Stanley,Nonika Rajkumari,Monika Sivaradjy
PURPOSE The study was aimed at detecting the mutation patterns in the drug targets in Plasmodium vivax that confer resistance to the common antimalarial agents used in India. METHODS A total of 27 Plasmodium vivax isolates collected from whole blood samples over a three year period were subjected to PCR amplification followed by sequencing of the genes pvmdr1, pvdhfr, pvdhps and pvk12, which serve
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Corrigendum to "Serological profile of patients suspected with non-scrub typhus rickettsioses" [Indian J Med Microbiol 46 November-December 2023 100471]. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Chandan Kumar Thakur,E V Vinayaraj,Tanu Sagar,Bimal Kumar Das,Sushil Kumar Kabra,Naveet Wig,Rama Chaudhry
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FIA (fluorescent immunoassay) test in Dengue. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Amnuay Kleebayoon,Viroj Wiwanitkit
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Comparison of B1 and RE 529 gene targets by real time PCR and LAMP assay for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnant females. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Priya Datta,Puja Garg,Divya Rattan,Rashmi Bagga,Minakshi Rohilla,Sumeeta Khurana,Rakesh Sehgal
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to accurately diagnose the presence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. In this study we evaluated two gene targets B1 and RE-529 using two different molecular methods i.e., real-time PCR and LAMP. PROCEDURE A total of 150 blood samples were collected from pregnant women attending the PGIMER outpatient clinic. The serum and Buffy layer were extracted and various serological
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Bacillus licheniformis bloodstream infections associated with oral probiotic administration: Two case reports. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Qi Zou,Meng Cai,Yunjian Hu,Chunyue Ge,Xin Wang,Ran Duan
Bacillus licheniformis is a facultative anaerobe, gram-positive, endogenous, spore-forming bacillus. It is included in a probiotic preparation commonly used in clinical practice and is usually safe for oral administration. In this paper, we report two cases of bloodstream infection resulting from using B. licheniformis probiotic preparations for gastrointestinal bleeding. The results suggest that B
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Real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the detection of Giardia duodenalis in fecal specimens. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Sumeeta Khurana,Chayan Sharma,Sucheta Guleria,Abhishek Mewara,Usha Dutta
INTRODUCTION Giardiasis is a leading cause of subacute or chronic diarrhoea and is frequently associated with impaired physical, cognitive and psychosocial development, especially in children. The diagnosis relies mainly on the microscopic evaluation of stool specimens that have a low sensitivity. In contrast, molecular advancements like the polymerase chain reaction and Real-time loop-mediated isothermal
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Efficacy of oritavancin and nisin alone and their combination against vancomycin resistant enterococci strains in hospitalized patients in Turkiye. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Sena Sefali,Nakipoglu Y
PURPOSE Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VREs) have emerged and become a problem that threatens the health of hospitalized patients. VRE can cause different serious infections of the urinary tract, the bloodstream, wound and other body sites. VREs are resistant to multiple antibiotics and treatment options are very limited. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of oritavancin and nisin alone and their
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Detection of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzyme (AME) genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates and the inhibitory effect of efflux pump activity on drug susceptibility pattern. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Bhavna Gera,Hitender Gautam,Shahid Raza,Sarita Mohapatra,Seema Sood,Benu Dhawan,Arti Kapil,Bimal Kumar Das
INTRODUCTION The development of aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) and increased efflux activity are considered important aminoglycosides resistance mechanisms. AIM This study is focused on the detection of the AMEs gene and assessing the effect of efflux pump inhibitor on the reversal of A. baumannii drug susceptibility. METHODOLOGY Bacterial DNA was amplified using AMEs gene-specific primers
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Diagnostic performance of saliva RT-PCR test as a diagnostic tool and its utility in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 shedding with different patient characteristics: Prospective observational study. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Khyati,V Manchanda,P Pumma,R Chawla,S Garg,S Saxena
BACKGROUND Salivary shedding of SARS-CoV-2 is a known entity and its role has been established in transmission of the disease. The present study was performed to evaluate the duration of viral shedding in saliva in COVID-19 patients and its variation among symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with or without co-morbidities. METHODS The present prospective observational study was conducted at the COVID-19
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Comparative evaluation of colistin broth disc elution (CBDE) and broth microdilution (BMD) in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with special reference to heteroresistance. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Tuhina Banerjee,Adwityama Adwityama,Swati Sharma,Kajal Mishra,Prabha Prusti,Upasona Maitra
PURPOSE Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been ever-increasing. Among other reasons, colistin resistance might be attributed to limited routine testing by approved methods. Both broth microdilution (BMD) and colistin broth disc elution (CBDE) methods have been advocated, with limited data on the performance of these methods in the Indian settings. This prospective study was
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Inducible AmpC β-lactamases in clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-21 Debasish Biswal,Harmandeep Kaur,Hitender Gautam,Sarita Mohapatra,Seema Sood,Benu Dhawan,Bimal Kumar Das
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Molecular characterization of Carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales causing blood stream infections in critically ill patients. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-21 Shilpi Gupta,Ekadashi Rajni,Himanshi Galav,Devarshi Gajjar
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Risk factor and resistance profile of colistin resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiellapneumoniae. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-21 Dipanshu Vasesi,Varsha Gupta,Parakriti Gupta,Lipika Singhal
PURPOSE Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major global health concerns, which is relentless despite multipronged measures. Carbapenems and colistin, drug of choice for multi drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter species, have also been rendered of less use. This underlines the need to decipher prevalence of colistin resistance comprehensively for formulation of hospital and country-wise
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Tinea universalis due to Trichophyton indotineae in an adult male. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Rameshwari Thakur,Pragya Kushwaha,Avneet Singh Kalsi
Tinea universalis is a condition when most of the anatomical sites of body are involved due to dermatophyte infection both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Here we present a case of tinea universalis due to Trichophyton indotineae (T. indotineae) from India. This species has emerged recently. Earlier, it has been reported as Trichophyton mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes) and Trichophyton
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Pleural tuberculosis in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, during 2016 to 2022. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Triyambakesh Mohanty,Sujeet Kumar,Sunil Swick Rout,Sarita Kar,Himadri Bhusan Bal,Jyotirmayee Turuk,Dasarathi Das,Sooman Sundaray,Sanghamitra Pati,Sidhartha Giri
We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the burden of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in patients with pleural effusion in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, during February 2016, to December 2022, using cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT, Xpert MTB/RIF). Of the 1370 pleural fluid samples tested at the National Reference Laboratory for tuberculosis, 3.8% (52/1370) were positive
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Burden of biocide resistance among multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from various clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Ramit Kundu,Kamali Murugadoss,Meerabai Manoharan,Jharna Mandal
BACKGROUND Most studies on biocide resistance and its genetic determinants arise from environmental or food-borne microbial isolates and only a few from clinically relevant isolates. OBJECTIVES This study determines the proportion of biocide resistance against five commonly used biocides and detects biocide resistance genes among MDR bacterial isolates using PCR. METHODS Consecutive MDR isolates (n
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Among the smallest bacterial pathogens with great clinical significance in children. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Surinder Kumar,Sourabh Kumar
BACKGROUND Mycoplasmas are the smallest prokaryotic microorganisms found in nature. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is the most commonly studied among human mycoplasmas. OBJECTIVES In this review, we briefly focus on the recent developments that have enhanced our understanding of M. pneumoniae, one of the smallest pathogenic bacteria of great clinical importance in children. CONTENT M. pneumoniae
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Pulmonary tuberculosis and neurologic melioidosis coinfection-first case report from Madurai. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 G Vithiya,T Rajendran,S Velvizhi,A Ramesh
Despite tuberculosis and melioidosis being endemic in many countries, coinfections are unusual. Only fourteen cases of tuberculosis melioidosis coinfections have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of coinfection of tuberculosis and neurologic melioidosis. We report a case of 48 year diabetic male presented with fever, headache and altered sensorium for two days. On
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Serological profile of patients suspected with non-scrub typhus rickettsioses. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-10 Chandan Kumar Thakur,Vinayaraj E V,Tanu Sagar,Bimal Kumar Das,Sushil Kumar Kabra,Naveet Wig,Rama Chaudhry
BACKGROUND Rickettsial pathogens are Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacteria. They are transmitted by arthropods and are responsible for a wide variety of disease, from minor to life-threatening, which have a global effect on human health. Limited data are available on the prevalence of rickettsial diseases from India, and the disease epidemiology is not fully described. This study aimed to
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Cryptococcosis among HIV negative liver disease patients: Epidemiology, underlying conditions, antifungal susceptibility profile from tertiary care hepatobiliary center. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Dhruvi Patel,Vikas Khillan,Niharika Patel,Pratibha Kale
PURPOSE Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast. It is a significant pathogen among immunocompromised people with HIV & Non-HIV vulnerable populations. These conditions include cancer, corticosteroid usage, immunosuppression following sarcoidosis, organ transplantation, immunosuppressive medication, and liver cirrhosis. In cirrhotic, it accounts for 6-21% of systemic infections. METHODS The
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Cow dung, COVID-19, and mucormycosis … more damned lies. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Valliappan Muthu,Ritesh Agarwal,Arunaloke Chakrabarti
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First detection and genetic identification of Rickettsia spp. from ticks collected from rodents in north India. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Shriya Goel,Taruna Kaura,Kamlesh Bisht,Jasleen Kaur,Abhishek Mewara,P V M Lakshmi,Gagandeep Singh Grover,Manisha Biswal
BACKGROUND Changing climatic conditions and invasion of ticks in urban areas have led to a greater number of cases of tick-borne diseases, thus, becoming a matter of increasing concern. Tick borne rickettsioses are one of the important emerging diseases worldwide. Knowledge of epidemiology of the vector and pathogen in the community is essential in order to understand and prevent the transmission of
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Are we looking towards an early demise of ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) as an antibiotic? Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Sanjay Bhattacharya
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) as a cause of exacerbation of ulcerative colitis (UC). An approach to diagnosis and management. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Soma Dutta,Ujjwayini Ray
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation may be a cause of acute exacerbations in patients with severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Patients with exacerbation of symptoms by CMV have greater morbidity and mortality rate. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of CMV infection in UC patients by endoscopic examination, histopathological examination and CMV DNA PCR of colonic mucosal biopsy
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One Health based joint surveillance for AMR containment at district and national level in India: A conceptual model. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Rajesh Bhatia
Antimicrobial resistance cuts across different sectors mainly human health, animal health and environment. Joint surveillance for existence and spread of antimicrobial resistance is critical for mounting efficient interventions for its containment. Maximum interaction between these sectors takes place in rural areas with abundant animal population. In India, these areas are administratively covered
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Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis during Covid-19 pandemic- a prospective observational study. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Nazish Fatima,Shariq Ahmed,Mohammad Shameem,Aftab Ahmed,Wasil Hasan,Parvez A Khan
OBJECTIVE An unprecedented rise in mucormycosis cases; apparently called 'an epidemic within a pandemic' was seen worldwide. Therefore, the following study was conducted to know the epidemiology, underlying risk factors, diagnostic approach, and possible outcome of mucormycosis during the Covid-19 pandemic. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted on patients with a high index of clinical
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Clinical knowledge of ChatGPT in medical microbiology. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-28 Amnuay Kleebayoon,Viroj Wiwanitkit
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A fatal misidentification: Burkholderia pseudomallei misidentified as Acinetobacter spp. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Umang Agrawal,Rasika Sirsat,Anjali Shetty,Camilla Rodrigues,Ayesha Sunavala
A middle-aged uncontrolled diabetic with chronic kidney disease presented with high-grade fever, skin abscesses and cough for two weeks. His blood cultures grew Burkholderia pseudomallei. A few weeks prior, blood cultures drawn for PUO workup elsewhere grew an organism identified as Acinetobacter sp with an unusual susceptibility pattern. His fever responded to a short course of meropenem. In retrospect
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Macrolides versus other antibiotics in pediatric scrub typhus: A meta-analysis. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Karthika I Kabir,Amit Kumar Satapathy,Krishna Mohan Gullla,Joseph John,Bhagirathi Dwibedi,Samarendra Mahapatro,Rashmi Ranjan Das
BACKGROUND While Doxycycline is the recommended drug for treating scrub typhus, there is a growing trend of using Macrolides and Other antibiotics due to their perceived advantages. In this study, we compared the efficacy of Macrolides versus Other antibiotics in the treatment of pediatric scrub typhus. METHODS Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with GRADE (Grading of Recommendations
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Mycobacterium chelonae lung disease masquerading as Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a TB endemic country. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-18 Rohit Vashisht,Balakrishnan Arivalagan,Mayank Ghedia
Mycobacterium chelonae typically affect skin and soft tissue. Pleural involvement by this organism is exceedingly rare. A young female presented with persistent respiratory complaints along with constitutional symptoms. She had already been treated with standard anti-tubercular therapy with inadequate response and had a recent onset of worsening of her symptoms. A detailed evaluation revealed M. chelonae
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Whole blood immune memory cells is not sufficient to predict SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responsiveness. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-18 Sujoy Khan,Kristina Emsell-Needham
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Faecal calprotectin as an inflammatory biomarker to distinguish between bacterial and viral causes of childhood diarrhoea in Indian settings. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Ujjwala Gaikwad,Anudita Bhargava,Atul Jindal,Gouri Kumari Padhy,Padma Das,Tushar Jagzape,Akash Lalwani,Debabrata Dash
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the value of faecal calprotectin (f-CP) in distinguishing between bacterial and viral aetiologies of infective diarrhoea in children attending a tertiary care hospital in Central India. METHODS Stool samples from children aged 3 months to 10 years who had acute or persistent diarrhoea were processed for microscopy, bacterial culture, and viral antigen
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Identification and antibiogram of Enterobacterales from direct urine samples using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) technology and disk-plate diffusion technique. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Jorge Jover-García,Celia López-Millán,Jesús J Gil-Tomás,Manuel Callejón-Fernández,María Lecuona-Fernández
Identification and antibiogram of uropathogenic microorganisms from direct urine samples present a great clinical impact. Here, we present a combined procedure to determine identification (IDd) of bacteria through MALDI-TOF-MS technology and antibiogram (ATBd) using disk-plate diffusion technique, of UTI-producing Enterobacterales against the most used antibiotics. Ninety-four urine samples with presence
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Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi isolated from paediatric patients in north India: Insights into genetic profiles and antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Sushila Dahiya,Amit Katiyar,Sumit Rai,Priyanka Sharma,Punit Kaur,Arti Kapil
PURPOSE To investigate the antibiotic resistance and genetic profile of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi isolated from the blood culture of two paediatric cases of typhoid fever and one from the stool culture of their household contact, in North India. METHODS In this study, whole-genome sequencing was carried out with paired-end 2 × 150 bp reads on Illumina MiSeq (Illumina, USA) employing v2
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Microbial cell-free DNA detection: Minimally invasive diagnosis of infectious diseases. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Rimjhim Kanaujia,Vikas Sharma,Manisha Biswal,Shreya Singh,Pallab Ray,Archana Angrup
BACKGROUND Detection of infectious diseases, especially among immunocompromised and patients on prolonged anti-microbial treatment, remains challenging, limited by conventional techniques with low sensitivity and long-turnaround time. Molecular detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) also has limited utility as it requires a targeted approach with prior suspicion of the infecting organism. Advancements
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Introducing the new face of CLSI M100 in 2023: An explanatory review. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-08 Sumit Rai,Debabrata Dash,Nidhima Agarwal
BACKGROUND The CLSI annual update of its M100 document is eagerly awaited every year. This year's update, the M100-Ed33, was published in February, and will significantly affect clinical practices. OBJECTIVE To highlight and explain the rationale of the changes and their clinical impact. CONTENT The major changes this year are mostly focused on PK/PD data, selective and cascade reporting of the antibiotics
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Human Bocavirus infection in childhood acute respiratory infection: Is it an innocent bystander? Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Monalisa Mohanty,Baijayantimala Mishra,Amit Kumar Satapathy,Krishna Mohan Gulla,Rashmi Ranjan Das,Bhagirathi Dwibedi,Kavita Gupta,Prabhudutta Mamidi,Sailendra Panda
PURPOSE Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the major attributing factors of under-five mortality and morbidity all over the world. Viruses are the most common cause of ARI. Due to the availability of molecular techniques, new viruses are getting isolated from children with ARI. With the above background, the present study was conducted to enlighten on the pathogenic role of human bocavirus
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Molecular typing of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its correlation with macrolide resistance in children in Henan of China. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Pengbo Guo,Shiyue Mei,Yanhong Wang,Xuan Zheng,Lifeng Li,Yibing Cheng
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE As a major causative pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) can cause both upper and lower respiratory tract inflammation as well as extrapulmonary syndromes, especially in infants and the elderly. The emergence of macrolide-resistance has significant effects on the treatment of relevant diseases in children. This study aimed to analyze the
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Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak with monoclonal spread: Evaluation of resistance genes and ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Neslihan Arıcı,Elif Seren Tanrıverdi,Şeyma Çalık,Nilgün Kansak,Rıza Adaleti,Barış Otlu,Sebahat Aksaray
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) susceptibility, carbapenemase genes, and clonal relationship in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CrKp) isolates. METHODS A total of 28 non-repetitive CrKp isolates with positive carbapenemase production determined by the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), were included in the study. Identification
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Molecular epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Karnataka, India in 2022. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Sakib Akther Pattassery,Susha Subash Kutteyil,Mallika Lavania,Srinivas Vilasagaram,Nutan Avinash Chavan,Pooja Ashok Shinde,Ramesh K Kaulgud,Ashok Munivenkatappa
BACKGROUND Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an enteroviral disease that occurs as outbreaks and sporadic cases in India. In this study, we investigated and characterized the aetiology of HFMD cases that occurred in Karnataka, South India from April to October 2022. METHODS Throat swabs, vesicular swabs, urine, and blood samples from suspected cases were analysed by reverse transcription polymerase
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Post covid cerebral phaeohyphomycosis by Rhinocladiella mackenziei: An unusual association. Indian J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Alay V Khandhar,Abhijit Warade,Umang Agrawal,Anjali Shetty,Ayesha Sunavala,Ketan Desai
Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis (CP) is a rare but a highly morbid fungal infection of the central nervous system caused by the fungi belonging to the order Chaetothyriales, which includes Cladophialophora bantiana, Exophiala dermatitidis, Rhinocladiella mackenziei (RM) etc. This disease is associated with poor clinical outcomes, with reported mortality of over 80%. We present the case of a 65-year gentleman