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Think Twice before Prescribing Antibiotics for That Swollen Knee: The Influence of Antibiotics on the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Graham S. Goh; Javad Parvizi
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare but devastating complication after total joint arthroplasty. An estimated 7–12% of patients have negative cultures despite clear clinical evidence of infection. One oft-cited reason for this occurrence is the administration of antibiotics in the weeks prior to obtaining cultures. This article reviews the influence of antibiotics on the diagnosis of PJI
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How to Evaluate Non-Growing Cells—Current Strategies for Determining Antimicrobial Resistance of VBNC Bacteria Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Susanne Fleischmann; Christian Robben; Thomas Alter; Peter Rossmanith; Patrick Mester
Thanks to the achievements in sanitation, hygiene practices, and antibiotics, we have considerably improved in our ongoing battle against pathogenic bacteria. However, with our increasing knowledge about the complex bacterial lifestyles and cycles and their plethora of defense mechanisms, it is clear that the fight is far from over. One of these resistance mechanisms that has received increasing attention
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Staphylococcus aureus Interferes with Streptococci Spatial Distribution and with Protein Expression of Species within a Polymicrobial Oral Biofilm Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Etyene Schnurr; Pune N. Paqué; Thomas Attin; Paolo Nanni; Jonas Grossmann; Silva Holtfreter; Barbara M. Bröker; Christian Kohler; Binh An Diep; Apoena de Aguiar Ribeiro; Thomas Thurnheer
We asked whether transient Staphylococcus aureus in the oral environment synergistically interacts with orally associated bacterial species such as Actinomyces oris, Candida albicans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans, and Veillonella dispar (six-species control biofilm 6S). For this purpose, four modified biofilms with seven species that contain either the wild type
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Identification of Risk Factors Associated with Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Poultry Farms in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia: A Cross Sectional Study Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Sharifo Ali Elmi; David Simons; Linzy Elton; Najmul Haider; Muzamil Mahdi Abdel Hamid; Yassir Adam Shuaib; Mohd Azam Khan; Iekhsan Othman; Richard Kock; Abdinasir Yusuf Osman
Antimicrobial resistance is of concern to global health security worldwide. We aimed to identify the prevalence, resistance patterns, and risk factors associated with Escherichia coli (E. coli) resistance from poultry farms in Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang states of east coast peninsular Malaysia. Between 8 February 2019 and 23 February 2020, a total of 371 samples (cloacal swabs = 259; faecal =
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Implant Removal in the Management of Prosthetic Joint Infection by Staphylococcus aureus: Outcome and Predictors of Failure in a Large Retrospective Multicenter Study Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Joan Gómez-Junyent; Jaime Lora-Tamayo; Josu Baraia-Etxaburu; Mar Sánchez-Somolinos; Jose Antonio Iribarren; Dolors Rodriguez-Pardo; Julia Praena-Segovia; Luisa Sorlí; Alberto Bahamonde; Melchor Riera; Alicia Rico; Mª Dolores del Toro; Laura Morata; Javier Cobo; Luis Falgueras; Natividad Benito; Elena Muñez; Alfredo Jover-Sáenz; Carles Pigrau; Javier Ariza; Oscar Murillo
Objectives: To compare the characteristics and outcomes of cases with acute prosthetic joint infection (PJI; early post-surgical or hematogenous) by Staphylococcus aureus managed with implant removal (IRm) or debridement and retention (DAIR). To analyze the outcomes of all cases managed with IRm (initially or after DAIR failure). Methods: Retrospective, multicenter, cohort study of PJI by S. aureus
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Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Antibiotics in 2020 Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Antibiotics Editorial Office
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. Peer review is the driving force of journal development, and reviewers are gatekeepers who ensure that Antibiotics maintains its standards for the high quality of its published papers [...]
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Special Issue: Pathogenic Escherichia coli: Infections and Therapies Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Margarita Martinez-Medina
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. Escherichia coli is a facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium from the Enterobacteriaceae family that colonizes the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals shortly after birth, and it is a lifelong colonizer of adults [...]
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Effects of Essential Oils from Cymbopogon spp. and Cinnamomum verum on Biofilm and Virulence Properties of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Raffaella Scotti; Annarita Stringaro; Laura Nicolini; Miriam Zanellato; Priscilla Boccia; Filippo Maggi; Roberta Gabbianelli
Every year, the pharmaceutical and food industries produce over 1000 tons of essential oils (EOs) exploitable in different fields as the development of eco-friendly and safe antimicrobial inhibitors. In this work we investigated the potential of some EOs, namely Cinnamomum verum, Cymbopogon martini, Cymbopogoncitratus and Cymbopogon flexuosus, on the growth, biofilm formation and gene expression in
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Elicitation of Stress-Induced Phenolic Metabolites for Antimicrobial Applications Against Foodborne Human Bacterial Pathogens Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Ashish Christopher; Dipayan Sarkar; Kalidas Shetty
Foodborne bacterial pathogens in consumed foods are major food safety concerns worldwide, leading to serious illness and even death. An exciting strategy is to use novel phenolic compounds against bacterial pathogens based on recruiting the inducible metabolic responses of plant endogenous protective defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Such stress-inducible phenolic metabolites have high potential
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Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities/Programs in the United Kingdom Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Diane Ashiru-Oredope; Frances Kerr; Stephen Hughes; Jonathan Urch; Marisa Lanzman; Ting Yau; Alison Cockburn; Rakhee Patel; Adel Sheikh; Cairine Gormley; Aneeka Chavda; Tejal Vaghela; Ceri Phillips; Nicholas Reid; Aaron Brady
Since first identified in late 2019, the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) and the resulting coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has overwhelmed healthcare systems worldwide, often diverting key resources in a bid to meet unprecedented challenges. To measure its impact on national antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities, a questionnaire was designed and disseminated to anti
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Anti-Virulence Therapeutic Approaches for Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Katherine Y. L. Lim; Christopher A. Mullally; Ethan C. Haese; Emily A. Kibble; Nicolie R. McCluskey; Edward C. Mikucki; Van C. Thai; Keith A. Stubbs; Mitali Sarkar-Tyson; Charlene M. Kahler
While antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is seen in both Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis, the former has become resistant to commonly available over-the-counter antibiotic treatments. It is imperative then to develop new therapies that combat current AMR isolates whilst also circumventing the pathways leading to the development of AMR. This review highlights the growing research interest
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Antifungal Activity and Chemical Composition of Seven Essential Oils to Control the Main Seedborne Fungi of Cucurbits Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Marwa Moumni; Gianfranco Romanazzi; Basma Najar; Luisa Pistelli; Hajer Ben Amara; Kaies Mezrioui; Olfa Karous; Ikbal Chaieb; Mohamed Bechir Allagui
Essential oils represent novel alternatives to application of synthetic fungicides to control against seedborne pathogens. This study investigated seven essential oils for in vitro growth inhibition of the main seedborne pathogens of cucurbits. Cymbopogon citratus essential oil completely inhibited mycelial growth of Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum and Alternaria alternata at 0.6 and 0.9 mg/mL, respectively
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Does Vancomycin Resistance Increase Mortality? Clinical Outcomes and Predictive Factors for Mortality in Patients with Enterococcus faecium Infections Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Jatapat Hemapanpairoa; Dhitiwat Changpradub; Sudaluck Thunyaharn; Wichai Santimaleeworagun
The prevalence of enterococcal infection, especially E. faecium, is increasing, and the issue of the impact of vancomycin resistance on clinical outcomes is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of infection caused by E. faecium and determine the risk factors associated with mortality. This retrospective study was performed at the Phramongkutklao Hospital during the period
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Understanding Antimicrobial use Contexts in the Poultry Sector: Challenges for Small-Scale Layer Farms in Kenya Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Stella Kiambi; Rosemary Mwanza; Anima Sirma; Christine Czerniak; Tabitha Kimani; Emmanuel Kabali; Alejandro Dorado-Garcia; Suzanne Eckford; Cortney Price; Stephen Gikonyo; Denis K. Byarugaba; Mark A. Caudell
The poultry sector contributes significantly to Kenya’s food and economic security. This contribution is expected to rise dramatically with a growing population, urbanization, and preferences for animal-source foods. Antimicrobial resistance is putting the poultry sector in Kenya—and worldwide—at risk of production losses due to the failure of medicines for animal (and human) health. The emergence
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Genetic Features of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Poultry in Mayabeque Province, Cuba Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Michel Baez; Ivette Espinosa; Alexandra Collaud; Iliana Miranda; Damarys de las Nieves Montano; Angel L. Feria; Rosa Elena Hernández-Fillor; Dasiel Obregón; Pastor Alfonso; Vincent Perreten
A total of 434 poultry cloacal samples were collected from seven different farms in different years (2013–2015) in the Cuban province of Mayabeque and analyzed for the presence of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (3GC-R-Ec). Sixty-two 3GC-R-Ec isolates were recovered in total from the farms, with detection rates of 2.9% in 2013, 10.3% in 2014, and 28.7% in 2015. Characterization
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Rhodomyrtone as a New Natural Antibiotic Isolated from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Leaf Extract: A Clinical Application in the Management of Acne Vulgaris Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Suttiwan Wunnoo; Siwaporn Bilhman; Thanaporn Amnuaikit; Julalak C. Ontong; Sudarshan Singh; Sauvarat Auepemkiate; Supayang P. Voravuthikunchai
Rhodomyrtone, a plant-derived principal compound isolated from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Myrtaceae) leaf extract, was assessed as a potential natural alternative for the treatment of acne vulgaris. The clinical efficacy of a 1% liposomal encapsulated rhodomyrtone serum was compared with a marketed 1% clindamycin gel. In a randomized and double-blind controlled clinical trial, 60 volunteers with mild to
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Effects of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on Organic Solution and Root Surface In Vitro Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Yuji Matsushima; Akihiro Yashima; Meri Fukaya; Satoshi Shirakawa; Tomoko Ohshima; Tomomi Kawai; Takatoshi Nagano; Kazuhiro Gomi
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) is attracting attention as a new form of dental treatment. While it is primarily applied to produce an antibacterial effect, it decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and protease activity. Here, we evaluated differences in the antibacterial activity of a-PDT on three types of bacteria and the effects on the organic substances (i.e., albumin and LPS). Furthermore
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Inhibition of Biofilm Formation by the Synergistic Action of EGCG-S and Antibiotics Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Shrameeta Shinde; Lee H. Lee; Tinchun Chu
Biofilm, a stress-induced physiological state, is an established means of antimicrobial tolerance. A perpetual increase in multidrug resistant (MDR) infections associated with high mortality and morbidity have been observed in healthcare settings. Multiple studies have indicated that the use of natural products can prevent bacterial growth. Recent studies in the field have identified that epigallocatechin
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The Resistance to Host Antimicrobial Peptides in Infections Caused by Daptomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Md Saruar Bhuiyan; Jhih-Hang Jiang; Xenia Kostoulias; Ravali Theegala; Graham J. Lieschke; Anton Y. Peleg
Daptomycin is an important antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The emergence of daptomycin resistance in S. aureus is associated with treatment failure and persistent infections with poor clinical outcomes. Here, we investigated host innate immune responses against clinically derived, daptomycin-resistant (DAP-R) and -susceptible S. aureus paired isolates using
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Incorporation of Hybrid Nanomaterial in Dental Porcelains: Antimicrobial, Chemical, and Mechanical Properties Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Carla L. Vidal; Izabela Ferreira; Paulo S. Ferreira; Mariana L. C. Valente; Ana B. V. Teixeira; Andréa C. Reis
Biofilm formation on biomaterials is a challenge in the health area. Antimicrobial substances based on nanomaterials have been proposed to solve this problem. The aim was to incorporate nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (β-AgVO3) into dental porcelains (IPS Inline and Ex-3 Noritake), at concentrations of 2.5% and 5%, and evaluate the surface characteristics (by SEM/EDS)
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Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Identifies Key Modules and Hub Genes Associated with Mycobacterial Infection of Human Macrophages Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Lu Lu; RanLei Wei; Sanjib Bhakta; Simon J. Waddell; Ester Boix
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Treatments remain unsatisfactory due to an incomplete understanding of the underlying host–pathogen interactions during infection. In the present study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to identify key macrophage modules and hub genes associated with mycobacterial infection. WGCNA was performed combining
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Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistance Plasmids in Salmonella Serovars from Poultry in Nigeria Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Abdurrahman Hassan Jibril; Iruka N Okeke; Anders Dalsgaard; Vanesa García Menéndez; John Elmerdahl Olsen
Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern, and resistance genes in Salmonella, especially those located on mobile genetic elements, are part of the problem. This study used phenotypic and genomic methods to identify antimicrobial resistance and resistance genes, as well as the plasmids that bear them, in Salmonella isolates obtained from poultry in Nigeria. Seventy-four isolates were
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Population Pharmacokinetics Analysis of Amikacin Initial Dosing Regimen in Elderly Patients Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Hideo Kato; Suzanne L. Parker; Jason A. Roberts; Mao Hagihara; Nobuhiro Asai; Yuka Yamagishi; David L. Paterson; Hiroshige Mikamo
There are limited data of amikacin pharmacokinetics (PK) in the elderly population. Hence, we aimed to describe the population PK of amikacin in elderly patients (>70 years old) and to establish optimized initial dosing regimens. We simulated individual maximum concentrations in plasma (Cmax) and minimal concentrations (Cmin) for several dosing regimens (200–2000 mg every 24, 48, and 72 h) for patients
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Genome-Based Analyses of Fitness Effects and Compensatory Changes Associated with Acquisition of blaCMY-, blaCTX-M-, and blaOXA-48/VIM-1-Containing Plasmids in Escherichia coli Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Michael Pietsch; Yvonne Pfeifer; Stephan Fuchs; Guido Werner
(1) Background: Resistance plasmids are under selective conditions beneficial for the bacterial host, but in the absence of selective pressure, this carriage may cause fitness costs. Compensation of this fitness burden is important to obtain competitive ability under antibiotic-free conditions. In this study, we investigated fitness effects after a conjugative transfer of plasmids containing various
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The Prospect of Repurposing Immunomodulatory Drugs for Adjunctive Chemotherapy against Tuberculosis: A Critical Review Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Chiyun Lee; Sanjib Bhakta
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health emergency, with an estimated 2 billion people infected across the world, and 1.4 million people dying to this disease every year. Many aspects of the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, make this disease difficult for healthcare and laboratory researchers to fight against, such as unique pathophysiology, latent infection and long and complex treatment
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Diarylureas: Repositioning from Antitumor to Antimicrobials or Multi-Target Agents against New Pandemics Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Alessia Catalano; Domenico Iacopetta; Michele Pellegrino; Stefano Aquaro; Carlo Franchini; Maria Stefania Sinicropi
Antimicrobials have allowed medical advancements over several decades. However, the continuous emergence of antimicrobial resistance restricts efficacy in treating infectious diseases. In this context, the drug repositioning of already known biological active compounds to antimicrobials could represent a useful strategy. In 2002 and 2003, the SARS-CoV pandemic immobilized the Far East regions. However
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Implementation of Antibiotic Stewardship in a University Hospital Setting Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Milan Kolar; Miroslava Htoutou Sedlakova; Karel Urbanek; Patrik Mlynarcik; Magdalena Roderova; Kristyna Hricova; Kristyna Mezerova; Pavla Kucova; Jana Zapletalova; Katerina Fiserova; Pavel Kurfurst
The article describes activities of an antibiotic center at a university hospital in the Czech Republic and presents the results of antibiotic stewardship program implementation over a period of 10 years. It provides data on the development of resistance of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus to selected antibiotic agents as well as consumption
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Drivers of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Overuse across Diverse Hospital Contexts—A Qualitative Study of Prescribers in the UK, Sri Lanka and South Africa Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Carolyn Tarrant; Andrew M. Colman; David R. Jenkins; Edmund Chattoe-Brown; Nelun Perera; Shaheen Mehtar; WMI Dilini Nakkawita; Michele Bolscher; Eva M. Krockow
Antimicrobial stewardship programs focus on reducing overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics (BSAs), primarily through interventions to change prescribing behavior. This study aims to identify multi-level influences on BSA overuse across diverse high and low income, and public and private, healthcare contexts. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 46 prescribers from hospitals in the UK, Sri
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Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections in Geriatric Hospitalized Patients before and after the COVID-19 Outbreak: Results from a Retrospective Observational Study in Two Geriatric Wards Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Beatrice Gasperini; Antonio Cherubini; Moira Lucarelli; Emma Espinosa; Emilia Prospero
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess prevalence, etiology, and association with mortality of MDR bacteria in older adult patients before and after the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. An observational retrospective study was conducted in two geriatric wards of the Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti
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Clavulanic Acid Production by Streptomyces clavuligerus: Insights from Systems Biology, Strain Engineering, and Downstream Processing Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Víctor A. López-Agudelo; David Gómez-Ríos; Howard Ramirez-Malule
Clavulanic acid (CA) is an irreversible β-lactamase enzyme inhibitor with a weak antibacterial activity produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus (S. clavuligerus). CA is typically co-formulated with broad-spectrum β‑lactam antibiotics such as amoxicillin, conferring them high potential to treat diseases caused by bacteria that possess β‑lactam resistance. The clinical importance of CA and the complexity
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Grapefruit Seed Extract as a Natural Derived Antibacterial Substance against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Hee-Won Han; Jin-Hwan Kwak; Tae-Su Jang; Jonathan Campbell Knowles; Hae-Won Kim; Hae-Hyoung Lee; Jung-Hwan Lee
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are increasing due to the abuse and misuse of antibiotics, and nosocomial infections by MDR bacteria are also increasing. The aim of this study was to identify new substances that can target MDR bacteria among 12 plant extracts that are known to have antibacterial effects. The experiments were performed by the disk diffusion test and microdilution minimum inhibitory
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Facile In-Situ Fabrication of a Ternary ZnO/TiO2/Ag Nanocomposite for Enhanced Bactericidal and Biocompatibility Properties Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Priyadarshini Sakthi Mohan; Faridah Sonsuddin; Azizah Binti Mainal; Rosiyah Yahya; Gopinath Venkatraman; Jamuna Vadivelu; Dunia A. Al-Farraj; Amal M. Al-Mohaimeed; Khaloud Mohammed Alarijani
This paper presents for the first time a successful fabrication of ternary ZnO/TiO2/Ag nanocomposites consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO), titania (TiO2) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised using Morinda citrifolia fruit (MCF) extract. ZnONPs were synthesised using the co-precipitation method, and TiO2 and Ag were introduced into the precursor solutions under microwave irradiation to obtain
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Bistable Bacterial Growth Dynamics in the Presence of Antimicrobial Agents Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Nelly Frenkel; Ron Saar Dover; Eve Titon; Yechiel Shai; Vered Rom-Kedar
The outcome of an antibiotic treatment on the growth capacity of bacteria is largely dependent on the initial population size (Inoculum Effect). We characterized and built a model of this effect in E. coli cultures using a large variety of antimicrobials, including conventional antibiotics, and for the first time, cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs). Our results show that all classes of antimicrobial
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Is the Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrolates Lower than that of Essential Oils? Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Maura Di Vito; Antonina Smolka; Maria Rita Proto; Lorenzo Barbanti; Fabrizio Gelmini; Edoardo Napoli; Maria Grazia Bellardi; Paola Mattarelli; Giangiacomo Beretta; Maurizio Sanguinetti; Francesca Bugli
Among the top five human infections requiring medical treatment is dermatitis. Treatment of bacterial and fungal skin infections is usually based on antibiotic therapy, which is often ineffective due to the involvement of antibiotic-resistant microbial strains. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) and hydrolates (Hys) extracted from six aromatic plants
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OXA-48 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales in Spanish Hospitals: An Updated Comprehensive Review on a Rising Antimicrobial Resistance Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Mario Rivera-Izquierdo; Antonio Jesús Láinez-Ramos-Bossini; Carlos Rivera-Izquierdo; Jairo López-Gómez; Nicolás Francisco Fernández-Martínez; Pablo Redruello-Guerrero; Luis Miguel Martín-delosReyes; Virginia Martínez-Ruiz; Elena Moreno-Roldán; Eladio Jiménez-Mejías
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are significant contributors to the global public health threat of antimicrobial resistance. OXA-48-like enzymes and their variants are unique carbapenemases with low or null hydrolytic activity toward carbapenems but no intrinsic activity against expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. CPEs have been classified by the WHO as high-priority pathogens given their
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Genome-Wide Identification of Resveratrol Intrinsic Resistance Determinants in Staphylococcus aureus Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Liping Liu; Hanne Ingmer; Martin Vestergaard
Resveratrol has been extensively studied due to its potential health benefits in multiple diseases, for example, cancer, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Besides these properties, resveratrol displays inhibitory activity against a wide range of bacterial species; however, the cellular effects of resveratrol in bacteria remain incompletely understood, especially in the human pathogen, Staphylococcus
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A Qualitative Investigation of the Acceptability and Feasibility of a Urinary Tract Infection Patient Information Leaflet for Older Adults and Their Carers Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Leah F. Jones; Heidi Williamson; Petronella Downing; Donna M. Lecky; Diana Harcourt; Cliodna McNulty
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be life threatening in older adults. The aim of this study was to primarily understand the acceptability and feasibility of using a UTI leaflet for older adults in care homes and the community. Qualitative interviews and focus groups informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework were conducted in 2019 with 93 participants from two English areas where a UTI leaflet
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Mortality of Pandrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infections in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort of 115 Episodes Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Matthaios Papadimitriou-Olivgeris; Christina Bartzavali; Alexandra Georgakopoulou; Fevronia Kolonitsiou; Chrisavgi Papamichail; Iris Spiliopoulou; Myrto Christofidou; Fotini Fligou; Markos Marangos
Background: The increased frequency of bacteraemias caused by pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (PDR-Kp) has significant implications. The aim of the present study was to identify predictors associated with mortality of PDR-Kp bacteraemias. Methods: Patients with monomicrobial bacteraemia due to PDR-Kp were included. K. pneumoniae was considered PDR if it showed resistance to all available groups
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Valganciclovir—Ganciclovir Use and Systematic Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. An Invitation to Antiviral Stewardship Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Alicia Galar; Maricela Valerio; Pilar Catalán; Xandra García-González; Almudena Burillo; Ana Fernández-Cruz; Eduardo Zataráin; Iago Sousa-Casasnovas; Fernando Anaya; María Luisa Rodríguez-Ferrero; Patricia Muñoz; Emilio Bouza
Valganciclovir (VGCV) and ganciclovir (GCV) doses must be adjusted according to indication, renal function and weight. No specific therapeutic exposure values have been established. We aimed to evaluate the adequacy of VGCV/GCV doses, to assess the interpatient variability in GCV serum levels, to identify predictive factors for this variability and to assess the clinical impact. This is a prospective
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Ceftolozane-Tazobactam Combination Therapy Compared to Ceftolozane-Tazobactam Monotherapy for the Treatment of Severe Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Marco Fiore; Antonio Corrente; Maria Caterina Pace; Aniello Alfieri; Vittorio Simeon; Mariachiara Ippolito; Antonino Giarratano; Andrea Cortegiani
Ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) is a combination of an advanced-generation cephalosporin (ceftolozane) with a β-lactamase inhibitor (tazobactam). It is approved for the treatment of complicated urinary-tract/intra-abdominal infections and hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated pneumonia. This systematic review and meta-analysis (registered prospectively on PROSPERO, no. CRD42019134099, on 20 January
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Bacteriophage Cocktail-Mediated Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm on Endotracheal Tube Surface Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Viviane C. Oliveira; Ana P. Macedo; Luís D. R. Melo; Sílvio B. Santos; Paula R. S. Hermann; Cláudia H. Silva-Lovato; Helena F. O. Paranhos; Denise Andrade; Evandro Watanabe
Although different strategies to control biofilm formation on endotracheal tubes have been proposed, there are scarce scientific data on applying phages for both removing and preventing Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on the device surface. Here, the anti-biofilm capacity of five bacteriophages was evaluated by a high content screening assay. We observed that biofilms were significantly reduced after
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Synergistic Effect of Abietic Acid with Oxacillin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Elisabetta Buommino; Adriana Vollaro; Francesca P. Nocera; Francesca Lembo; Marina DellaGreca; Luisa De Martino; Maria R. Catania
Resin acids are valued in traditional medicine for their antiseptic properties. Among these, abietic acid has been reported to be active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. In veterinary healthcare, the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) strain is an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes including mecA. The incidence of MRSP has
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Back to Nature: Combating Candida albicans Biofilm, Phospholipase and Hemolysin Using Plant Essential Oils Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Ahmed M. El-Baz; Rasha A. Mosbah; Reham M. Goda; Basem Mansour; Taranum Sultana; Tanya E. S. Dahms; Amira M. El-Ganiny
Candida albicans is the causative agent of fatal systemic candidiasis. Due to limitations of antifungals, new drugs are needed. The anti-virulence effect of plant essential oils (EOs) was evaluated against clinical C. albicans isolates including cinnamon, clove, jasmine and rosemary oils. Biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysin were assessed phenotypically. EOs were evaluated for their anti-virulence
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A Molecule of the Viridomycin Family Originating from a Streptomyces griseus-Related Strain Has the Ability to Solubilize Rock Phosphate and to Inhibit Microbial Growth Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Hanane Hamdali; Ahmed Lebrihi; Marie Carmen Monje; Ahmed Benharref; Mohamed Hafidi; Yedir Ouhdouch; Marie Joëlle Virolle
Some soil-borne microorganisms are known to have the ability to solubilize insoluble rock phosphate and this process often involves the excretion of organic acids. In this issue, we describe the characterization of a novel solubilizing mechanism used by a Streptomyces strain related to Streptomyces griseus isolated from Moroccan phosphate mines. This process involves the excretion of a compound belonging
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Defining the Scope of Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions’ on the Prescription Quality of Antibiotics for Surgical Intra-Abdominal Infections Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Güzin Surat; Ulrich Vogel; Armin Wiegering; Christoph-Thomas Germer; Johan Friso Lock
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of antimicrobial stewardship interventions on surgical antibiotic prescription behavior in the management of non-elective surgical intra-abdominal infections, focusing on postoperative antibiotic use, including the appropriateness of indications. Methods: A single-center quality improvement study with retrospective evaluation of the impact
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Antimicrobial Resistance of Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Humans and Domestic Animals Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Yanyu Pan; Bin Hu; Xiangning Bai; Xi Yang; Lijiao Cao; Qian Liu; Hui Sun; Juan Li; Ji Zhang; Dong Jin; Yanwen Xiong
Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important pathogen that can cause zoonotic diseases. To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of STEC in China, non-O157 STEC isolates, recovered from domestic animals and humans from 12 provinces, were analyzed using antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome characterization. Out of the 298 isolates tested, 115 strains showed
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Prevalence and Characterization of Coagulase Positive Staphylococci from Food Products and Human Specimens in Egypt Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Eman E. Abdeen; Walid S. Mousa; Sarah Y. Abdelsalam; Hanim S. Heikal; Reyad R. Shawish; Mohammed Nooruzzaman; Mohamed M. Soliman; Gaber E. Batiha; Ahmed Hamad; Ahmed Abdeen
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have veterinary and public health importance as they are responsible for a wide range of difficult to treat infections and food poisoning. Two hundred samples (50 samples each of minced meat, beef luncheon, Karish cheese, and human samples (pus swab from open wounds)) were cultured, and MRSA strains were identified using disk diffusion tests
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Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Humans and Pet Animals Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Nikola Puvača; Rosa de Llanos Frutos
Throughout scientific literature, we can find evidence that antimicrobial resistance has become a big problem in the recent years on a global scale. Public healthcare systems all over the world are faced with a great challenge in this respect. Obviously, there are many bacteria that can cause infections in humans and animals alike, but somehow it seems that the greatest threat nowadays comes from the
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Natural Products and Their Derivatives with Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Thu V. Vuong
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. Natural products and their derivatives have been commonly used in our daily life, as they play important roles in boosting immune systems and fighting diseases [...]
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Clinical Presentation and Incidence of Anaerobic Bacteria in Surgically Treated Biliary Tract Infections and Cholecystitis Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Jens Strohäker; Lisa Wiegand; Christian Beltzer; Alfred Königsrainer; Ruth Ladurner; Anke Meier
(1) Background: Cholecystitis and cholangitis are among the most common diseases treated by general surgery. Gallstones lead to inflammation and bacterial infection of the biliary tract. Biliary infections can lead to live threatening bacteremia and liver abscesses. The true role of anaerobes remains unclear. (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed bacterial cultures from biliary samples obtained
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Understanding of Pharmacy Students towards Antibiotic Use, Antibiotic Resistance and Antibiotic Stewardship Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study from Punjab, Pakistan Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Khezar Hayat; Shazia Jamshed; Meagen Rosenthal; Noman Ul Haq; Jie Chang; Muhammad Fawad Rasool; Usman Rashid Malik; Anees Ur Rehman; Kashif Maqbool Khan; Yu Fang
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a significant issue for public health globally. An adequate understanding of ABR and the approaches used to tackle ABR, including antibiotic stewardship programs, are vital. This study aimed to get an insight into antibiotic use, ABR, and antibiotic stewardship programs among pharmacy students of Punjab, Pakistan. This multicenter study was undertaken among final (fifth)
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Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in Endodontic Infections: A Survey of Dentists in Serbia Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Milan Drobac; Katarina Otasevic; Bojana Ramic; Milica Cvjeticanin; Igor Stojanac; Ljubomir Petrovic
The study goal was to provide an overview of antibiotic prescribing practices of Serbian dentists when treating endodontic infections and to disseminate the current ESE (European Society of Endodontology) recommendations to the study participants. A link to an online questionnaire was sent to 628 Serbian dentists whose email addresses were publicly available on the Internet, 158 of whom responded to
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Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Willis Gwenzi; Nhamo Chaukura; Norah Muisa-Zikali; Charles Teta; Tendai Musvuugwa; Piotr Rzymski; Akebe Abia Luther King
This paper reviews the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in insects, rodents, and pets. Insects (e.g., houseflies, cockroaches), rodents (rats, mice), and pets (dogs, cats) act as reservoirs of AMR for first-line and last-resort antimicrobial agents. AMR proliferates in insects, rodents, and pets, and their skin and gut systems. Subsequently, insects, rodents, and pets act as vectors that
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Real-World Use of Generic Meropenem: Results of an Observational Study Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Santiago Garnica-Velandia; Luz Adriana Aristizábal-Ruiz; Carlos Arturo Alvarez-Moreno
Background: To determine the therapeutic effect and tolerability of meropenem in routine clinical practice, in terms of clinical and microbiological response. Methods: A real-world, observational, descriptive, longitudinal study with daily monitoring of clinical history records was conducted on all patients who were medically prescribed meropenem during a period between October 2015 and March 2016
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Are We Making the Most of Community Pharmacies? Implementation of Antimicrobial Stewardship Measures in Community Pharmacies: A Narrative Review Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Doris Rusic; Josipa Bukić; Ana Seselja Perisin; Dario Leskur; Darko Modun; Ana Petric; Marino Vilovic; Josko Bozic
Community pharmacists recognize the need to implement antimicrobial stewardship activities in community pharmacies. They are in a unique position to provide triage for common primary care indications and to lower the burden of patients at general practitioners’ offices. However, research shows that, in some areas, dispensing of antimicrobials without valid prescription is still highly prevalent. Regardless
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Risk Factors for the Acquisition of Enterococcus faecium Infection and Mortality in Patients with Enterococcal Bacteremia: A 5-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Tertiary Care University Hospital Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Atsushi Uda; Katsumi Shigemura; Koichi Kitagawa; Kayo Osawa; Kenichiro Onuma; Yonmin Yan; Tatsuya Nishioka; Masato Fujisawa; Ikuko Yano; Takayuki Miyara
The incidence of bacteremia caused by Enterococcus faecium, which is highly resistant to multiple antibiotics, is increasing in Japan. However, risk factors for the acquisition of E. faecium infection and mortality due to enterococcal bacteremia are not well known. We compared demographic, microbiological, and clinical characteristics using a Cox regression model and univariate analysis. We performed
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Activated Porous Carbon Derived from Tea and Plane Tree Leaves Biomass for the Removal of Pharmaceutical Compounds from Wastewaters Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Efstathios V. Liakos; Kyriazis Rekos; Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis; Athanasios C. Mitropoulos; Jie Fu; George Z. Kyzas
The aim of the present study is the synthesis of activated carbon (AC) from different agricultural wastes such as tea and plane tree leaves in order to use them for the removal of pramipexole dihydrochloride (PRM) from aqueous solutions. Two different carbonization and synthetic activation protocols were followed, with the herein-proposed ultrasound-assisted two-step protocol leading to better-performing
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Meat Consumers’ Opinion Regarding Unhealthy Pigs: Should They Be Treated with Antibiotics or Euthanized on Farm? Antibiotics (IF 3.893) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 Dayane Lemos Teixeira; Daniel Enriquez-Hidalgo; Tamara Estay Espinoza; Fernando Bas; Maria José Hötzel
The aim of this study was to investigate the opinions of meat consumers (n = 1780) on on-farm management of unhealthy pigs, whether support for treatment with antibiotics varies according with chance of recovery, and the effect of knowledge on the use of antibiotics on these opinions. Most participants believed that the use of antibiotics was the best solution for unhealthy pigs, and this was associated