Probiotics are live microorganisms that may be able to help prevent and treat some illnesses. Most probiotics on the market are bacterial, primarily Lactobacillus. Yeast are an inevitable part of the microbiota of various fermented foods and beverages and have several beneficial properties that bacteria do not have. In this study, yeast strains were isolated from fermented food and beverages. Various

Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible wound-healing response characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix. Probiotics have been used to prevent and treat various disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (mixture of Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus casei, and Weissella confusa) on thioacetamide (TAA)–induced

Several species of eukaryotic organisms living in the high mountain areas of Armenia with naturally occurring levels of radiation have high adaptive responses to radiation. We speculate on the role of the gastrointestinal microbiota in this protection against radiation. Therefore, seventeen microorganisms with high antagonistic activities against several multi-drug-resistant pathogens were isolated

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a toxic and immunogenic agent for human. Additionally, LPS is a good target for some antimicrobial compounds, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). LPS-binding peptides (LBPs) can recognize and neutralize LPS. Rabbit and human cathelicidins are AMPs with LPS-binding activity. In this study, we designed and synthesized two new truncated LBPs from rabbit and human CAP18

Chitosan films loaded with bacteriocin were examined by FTIR spectroscopy, tested for color, puncture strength, water vapor permeability, and as antimicrobials of Listeria innocua HPB13. Divergicin M35, a bacteriocin produced by Carnobacterium divergens, was incorporated into films made with chitosan of molecular mass 2 kDa, 20 kDa, or 100 kDa and de-acetylated either 87% or 95%. Only 100 kDa chitosan

We evaluated the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria using resistance, safety, and functional assays. A preliminary subtractive screening of nineteen strains was performed based on their survival in simulated gastric and intestinal juice, and cell surface characteristics (hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation). Five strains were selected for further characterization, which included the assessment

In this study, we aimed to characterize lactic acid bacteria strains derived from infants' feces, to evaluate the probiotic potential and explore the wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Of 800 isolates, 20 inhibited the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 and Salmonella enterica ATCC 13076. On the basis of 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the 20 isolates were assigned to Lactobacillus casei

This study aimed at exploring droppings of animals living in captivity in the zoological garden (Zoo) of Lille (France), as novel sources of bacteriocinogenic strains. A collection of 295 bacterial isolates was constituted from droppings of capybara, alpaca, muntjac, zebra, tapir, rhinoceros, binturong, armadillo, saki monkey and cockatoo. Of 295 isolates, 51 exhibited antagonism against a panel of

Bioactive peptides derived from chia (Salvia hispanica) seed with antioxidant, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities have been well documented; however, few studies describe the antimicrobial properties of these peptides, which is of great interest not only in the prevention of food-borne diseases but also food spoilage. The aim of this study was to generate chia seed peptides using microwave-assisted

The effects of non-authochtonous Enterococcus faecium AL41 = CCM 8558, enterocin M-producing and probiotic strain were tested on the microbiota, phagocytic activity, hydrolytic enzymes, biochemical parameters and dry matter in horses based on its previous benefits demonstrated in other animals. E. faecium CCM 8558 sufficiently colonized the digestive tract of horses. At day 14, its counts reached 2

The fate of dietary protein in the gut is determined by microbial and host digestion and utilization. Fermentation of proteins generates bioactive molecules that have wide-ranging health effects on the host. The type of protein can affect amino acid absorption, with animal proteins generally being more efficiently absorbed compared with plant proteins. In contrast to animal proteins, most plant proteins

Dental diseases are among the common health issues experienced around the world. Dental caries is one of the most predominant oral diseases worldwide. Major factors associated with caries development include poor oral hygiene, the content of specific carbohydrates in the diet, dental biofilm formation, the cariogenic microbial load, reduction in salivary flow, insufficient fluoride exposure, gingival

Functional foods and nutraceuticals frequently contain viable probiotic strains that, at certain titers, are considered to be responsible of beneficial effects on health. Recently, it was observed that secreted metabolites might play a key role in this respect, especially in immunomodulation. Exopolysaccharides produced by probiotics, for example, are used in the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical

Present study is intended to assess the probiotic properties of Bacillus spp. isolated from idli batter, a traditional fermented food of Southern India and Sri Lanka. A total of 32 isolates were screened for potential pathogenic behaviour through haemolysis assay, DNase activity and antibiotics sensitivity. Two of the isolates were found to be potentially safe and identified as Bacillus spp. These

In the current study, we investigated the effect of a probiotic bacterium (Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469) microencapsulated with alginate and hi-maize starch and coated with chitosan on improving growth factors, body composition, blood chemistry, and the immune response of rainbow trout (initial weight: 18.41 ± 0.32 g). Four experimental diets were formulated to feed fish for 60 days. They were

This study was to evaluate the effect of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on tongue coating–associated halitosis. Twenty-eight subjects having tongue coating–associated halitosis were randomly divided into either a test or control group. For each of the 30 days, the test subjects sucked S. salivarius K12 tablet while the control subjects sucked placebo tablets. All the subjects did not take physical (tongue

Scientific advances have not been enough to combat the growing resistance to antimicrobial medicines. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effector molecules of the innate immune defense system in plants and could provide an important source of new antimicrobial drugs. The aim of this work was to extract, purify, characterize, and evaluate the antifungal activities present in fractions obtained from Capsicum

Calf diarrhea is an important problem that can result in death and which leads to economic losses. Probiotics in the gastrointestinal tract can be effective for the prevention of diarrhea. In this study, some strains were isolated from traditional fermented dairy products (Shubat and Kumiss) and the feces of Holstein calves and heifers. Some probiotic properties were determined using a total of 124

Lactobacillus salivarius A3iob was administered to productive colonies belonging to commercial apiaries of small beekeepers (around 30–50 hives each one), from four departments of the province of Jujuy (Argentina): Yala, Tilquiza, El Carmen, and Los Alisos. The incidence of Varroa destructor and Nosema spp., before and after winter, was monitored during 2 years of study (2014–2015). Depending on the

In recent years, the influence of chronic fluorosis on the brain has been widely reported. Our study aimed to demonstrate the potential mechanism underlying the impairment of memory function by excessive fluorine intake. We also evaluated whether improvement of intestinal microflora could be a potential therapy to prevent the negative influences from the perspective of gut-brain axis. Male ICR mice

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the gastrointestinal tract have beneficial health effects. LAB activate the proliferation of intestinal stem cells and speed the recovery of damaged intestinal cells, but little is known about effect of LAB on other adult stem cells. In this study, a cell-free extract of Enterococcus faecium L-15 (L15) was exposed to mouse skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs), and the changes

A strain of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) BYS2 was previously isolated from Mount Tai, which is located in Tai'an City in the Shandong Province of China. The strain was then stored in the Environmental Microbiology Laboratory at Shandong Agricultural University. To evaluate the effect of the bacterium preparation in broiler production, we fed the bacterium (106 CFU/g) to 1-day-old broilers and continued

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an important neuropsychiatric disorder worldwide. Common treatments of OCD include serotonergic antidepressants, which can cause potentially serious side effects. We assessed the effects of Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) Shirota consumption in an animal model of OCD. OCD-like symptoms were induced in rats by the chronic injection of the D2/D3 dopamine agonist

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on serum inflammatory markers, endotoxin, and anti-HSP70 in hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Seventy-five hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly assigned for 12 weeks to one of the three arms: synbiotics

Supplementing suckling piglets with Lactobacillus reuteri isolated from a homologous source improves L. reuteri colonization number in the gastrointestinal tract, which can have health benefits. This study investigated dietary L. reuteri supplementation on the growth and health-including immune status-of piglets, as well as its colonization. A total of 60 sows with similar parity and body weight were

Drug resistance is one of the major problems, which causes recurrence of cancers. Therefore, complementary treatments are needed to improve the impacts of chemotherapy agents. The effect of probiotics as cancer-preventing agents through involvement in the activation of apoptotic pathways has been established. The present study sought to investigate how the heat-killed form of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The use of natural products together with standard antimicrobial drugs has recently received more attention as a strategy to combat infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of a galactose-binding lectin from Vatairea macrocarpa seeds (VML) to modulate antibiotic activity against standard and MDR Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia

Alterations of intestinal microflora are involved in the pathogenesis and natural history of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Manipulation of human gut microbiota with probiotics may be a therapeutic option. In this retrospective cohort study, the benefits of probiotic use in reducing adverse events were analyzed. Data from clinical charts of IBD patients followed up for at least 36 months were

For investigating the possible effect of Lactobacillus casei on the immune status of Shabot, Tor grypus, 480 fish weighing 40 ± 10 g were randomly divided into four groups in triplicate. The first group (control) was fed on a commercial diet without probiotic supplementation. Other groups (A, B, and C) were received diet supplemented by different levels of L. casei, i.e., 5 × 106, 5 × 107, and 5 × 108

In this study, we sought to evaluate the effects of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B. amyloliquefaciens) BLCC1-0238 supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant enzyme activities, reproductive hormone, and immunity of laying hens. A total of 240 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (28 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups, and three replicates per group (n = 20 per replicate)

Lactose intolerance is a common condition caused by lactase deficiency and may result in symptoms of lactose malabsorption (bloating, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and change in bowel habits). As current data is limited, the aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of probiotics with a β-galactosidase activity on symptoms of lactose malabsorption and on the lactose hydrogen breath test (LHBT)

To screen Bacillus clausii UBBC07 as a putative probiotic strain and to examine the protective effect of probiotic-B. clausii UBBC07 spore on uremia on rats induced by acetaminophen. In vitro tests performed to screen potential probiotic strains were gastric and bile acid resistance and ability to reduce pathogen adhesion to surfaces. An in vivo study was performed on rats (n = 18) which were randomly

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of recombinant plectasin (Ple) on the growth performance, intestinal health, and serum immune parameters in broilers. A total of 288 1-day-old male broilers (Arbor Acres) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments including the basal diet (NC) and basal diet supplemented with 10 mg enramycin/kg (PC), 100 mg Ple/kg

Safety assessment of probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum MTCC-5898 (LF) with three doses (107, 109, and 1011 cfu/day/animal) was carried on Swiss albino mouse weanlings for 28 days using oral route. Health status of animals was monitored by physical assessment of body weight, organ indices, and histological appearances of liver and intestine along with measurement of hematological parameters (Hb, WBC

This study aimed to characterize, evaluate toxicity and optimize the conditions for the growth and production of bacteriocin-like substances by Lactobacillus curvatus P99. The antibacterial activity of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) containing bacteriocin-like substances was evaluated by the agar diffusion technique. The stability of the CFS was also examined after heat treatment, refrigeration, freezing

This study was focused on screening the most frequently occurring enterocin (Ents) genes in faecal enterococci from the Pannon White breed of rabbits, in which this parameter never has been tested. Enterococci tested were Ent genes absent, except Enterococcus faecium EF9a, which possessed genes for four Ents. Strains produced a high amount of lactic acid (1.25 ± 0.055 mmol/L, on average) and sufficiently

Inorganic arsenic [iAs, As(III) + As(V)] is considered a human carcinogen. Recent studies show that it has also toxic effects on the intestinal epithelium which might partly explain its systemic toxicity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against the toxic effects of iAs on the intestinal epithelium. For this purpose, the human colonic cells Caco-2

Oysters hold a unique place within the field of aquaculture as one of the only organisms that is regularly shipped live to be consumed whole and raw. The microbiota of oysters is capable of adapting to a wide range of environmental conditions within their dynamic estuarine environments; however, human aquaculture practices can challenge the resilience of this microbial community. Several discrete stages

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a multi-factorial disease including cystitis, pyelonephritis, and pyelitis. After Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis is the most common UTI-associated opportunistic pathogen. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria and infection recurrence can be connected to biofilm formation by P. mirabilis. In this study, human and sheep isolates of P. mirabilis were investigated for

This first study performed on traditional fruits consumed in North Africa reveals their richness in microorganisms with beneficial attributes like cholesterol lowering capabilities. Blackberries (Rubus sp.), fresh figs (Ficus carica), and prickly pears (Opuntia ficus-indica) are fruits largely and traditionally consumed in Kabylia, a beautiful northern Algerian region. Here, 85 lactic acid bacteria

The genus Streptococcus includes various species, remarkably different in their behavior, applications, virulence, and safety. Taxonomically Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius belonging to the Streptococcus bovis group, which includes several pathogen species, however, has been found as predominant species in some African dairy products that are widely consumed and considered to be safe.

Probiotics form a promising strategy to maintain intestinal health. Milks fermented with probiotic strains, such as the Lactobacillus paracasei ST11, are largely commercialized in Brazil and form a low-cost alternative to probiotic pharmaceutical formulations. In this study, we assessed the probiotic effects of milk fermented by L. paracasei ST11 (administered through fermented milk) in a Salmonella

The aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of the intracellular content obtained from potential probiotic bacteria against acrylamide-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. First, the antioxidant properties of 12 potential probiotic strains was evaluated. Two commercial probiotic bacteria were included as reference strains, namely, Lactobacillus casei Shirota and Lactobacillus

Enterococci, being the common part of indigenous human microbiota and present in numerous fermented food products and probiotics, are often positioned as health-threatening bacterial pathogens. This makes medical community, especially part of it which is not involved in microbiology research, in an uncertainty regarding the legitimacy of using enterococcal probiotics in medical practice or even consuming

Weissella paramesenteroides has gained a considerable attention as bacteriocin and exopolysaccharide producers. However, potential of W. paramesenteroides to utilize different prebiotics is unexplored area of research. Fruits being vectors of various probiotics, five W. paramesenteroides strains, namely, FX1, FX2, FX5, FX9, and FX12, were isolated from different fruits. They were screened and selected

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a potential source of food contamination that leads to food spoilage and infections as a result of the generation of biofilm and virulence factors. In the present study, we demonstrate that bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici HW01 (HW01 bacteriocin) effectively inhibited the biofilm formation of Ps. aeruginosa (66.41, 45.77, and 21.73% of biofilm formation at

The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 neutralizes the biological activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), while it upregulates the expression of several immune-related genes. We investigated the effect of LL-37 on gene regulation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), stimulated with or without Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived LPS, a ligand for Toll-like receptor (TLR). LL-37 was non-toxic to HGFs up to a concentration

It is well established that bacteria communicate between each other by using different mechanisms; among which, quorum sensing (QS) is the best known one. Indeed, intra- and intercellular communications of microorganisms, as well as the regulation of metabolism and reaction to the surrounding environmental conditions, are carried out by using different signaling molecules. N-Acyl homoserine lactones

Peptides are considered very important due to the diversity expressed through their amino acid sequence, structure variation, large spectrum, and their essential role in biological systems. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) emerged as a potent tool in therapy owing to their antimicrobial properties but also their ability to trespass the membranes, specificity, and low toxicity. They comprise a variety

Paenibacillus alvei NP75, a Gram-positive bacterium, produces two different antimicrobial peptides, paenibacillin N and P, which has potent antimicrobial activity against many clinical pathogens. The synthesis pattern of these antimicrobial peptides by P. alvei NP75 was studied extensively. The results were outstanding in a way that the paenibacillin N was synthesized irrespective of the growth of

The effects of fructose on plantaricin Q7 biosynthesis in Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) Q7 were investigated. Fructose induced and accelerated plantaricin Q7 production in the early stages of biosynthesis. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that shock-related proteins were overexpressed in L. plantarum grown in MRS-fructose

This study evaluated the in vitro effect of 3.0, 6.0, and 9.0% of green banana pulp (GBP) incorporation in fermented milk on the survival of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei LBC 81 subjected to acid stress conditions and in the presence of bile salts. Tolerance to acid stress in pH 2.0 and in the presence of 0.30% of bile salts was evaluated right after the incorporation of the fermented milk

Sixty-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens were randomly divided into five groups and fed different diets over a period of 84 days. Experimental treatments included a basal diet (control); the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 106B. licheniformis yb-214245; the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 106B. subtilis yb-114246; a combination of both strains in a 2:1 ratio (6.6 × 105:3.3 × 105B. licheniformis

The present study was conducted to assess the effects of combined and singular dietary administration of PrimaLac® and potassium diformate (KDF) on growth performance, feed utilization, digestive enzymes activity, and some physiological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juvenile. Three hundred sixty rainbow trout juveniles (25 ± 1.8 g) were randomly stocked in 300-L tanks (30 fish/tank)

Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein present in various secretions (e.g., milk, tears, saliva, pancreatic juice), which performs multiple functions, with one of them being the antimicrobial defense. Purified camel lactoferrins (cLfs) from different Saudi camel clans, as well as human and bovine lactoferrins (hLf or bLf) were tested as antimicrobial agents against Salmonella enterica serovar

The aim of the following research was to determine the detoxification properties of probiotic Lactobacillus sp. bacteria (12 strains) and S. cerevisiae yeast (6 strains) towards mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, T-2 toxin and zearalenone, which pose as frequent feed contamination. The experiment involved analysing changes in concentration of mycotoxins in PBS solutions,

Quorum sensing, bacterial cell-to-cell communication via small signaling molecules regulates virulence in many bacterial pathogens, and is a promising target for antivirulence therapy, which may inhibit virulence rather than cell growth and division. Herein, Bacillus strains capable of degrading QS molecules from freshwater environments were screened as potential aquaculture probiotics. A total of

Our current knowledge of microbiota in wild ruminants is limited. The goal of this study was to evaluate staphylococcal species in red and roe deer for various attributes (haemolysis, DNase, and urease activities; lactic acid and biofilm production; and antibiotic profile) and their susceptibility to gallidermin. Sixteen staphylococcal strains were identified from faeces of 21 free-living animals (9

While many bacteria have been used as probiotics by industries, only two yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii and Kluyveromyces fragilis (B0399), have been used for this purpose. In the present work, a total of 116 yeasts isolated from Brazilian indigenous fermented food, cocoa fermentation, and kefir were in vitro characterized for probiotic attributes. From 116 isolates, 36 were tolerant

Previous studies have supposed that probiotic supplementation led to a positive effect on different health outcomes. Furthermore, several studies indicated that probiotics supplementation improved antioxidant status, while some studies did not indicate these effects. Hence, current systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to determine the effect of probiotic supplementation on some oxidative