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Significance of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase and V-ATPase for growth and pathogenicity in pathogenic fungi. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 S Z Yang,L T Peng
Pathogenic fungi are widespread and cause a variety of diseases in human beings and other organisms. At present, limited classes of antifungal agents are available to treat invasive fungal diseases. With the wide use of the commercial antifungal agents, drug resistance of pathogenic fungi are continuously increasing. Therefore, exploring effective antifungal agents with novel drug targets is urgently
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Promoters and introns as key drivers for enhanced gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Marthinus Wessel Myburgh,Kirstie Susan Schwerdtfeger,Rosemary Anne Cripwell,Willem Heber van Zyl,Marinda Viljoen-Bloom
The transcription of genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is governed by multiple layers of regulatory elements and proteins, cooperating to ensure optimum expression of the final protein product based on the cellular requirements. Promoters have always been regarded as the most important determinant of gene transcription, but introns also play a key role in the expression of intron-encoding
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From methane to value-added bioproducts: microbial metabolism, enzymes, and metabolic engineering. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 Caihong Weng,Xiaowei Peng,Yejun Han
Methane is abundant in nature, and excessive emissions will cause the greenhouse effect. Methane is also an ideal carbon and energy feedstock for biosynthesis. In the review, the microorganisms, metabolism, and enzymes for methane utilization, and the advances of conversion to value-added bioproducts were summarized. First, the physiological characteristics, classification, and methane oxidation process
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Metagenomic next generation sequencing for studying antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-05-30 Bo Li,Tao Yan
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a persisting and growing threat to human health. Characterization of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment is important to understand and control ARG-associated microbial risks. Numerous challenges exist in monitoring ARGs in the environment, due to the extraordinary diversity of ARGs, low abundance of ARGs with respect to the complex environmental
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Rhodotorula sp. as a cell factory for production of valuable biomolecules. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-05-30 Cassamo U Mussagy,Helena F Ribeiro,Jorge F B Pereira
Rhodotorula sp. are well-known for their ability to biosynthesize a diverse range of valuable biomolecules, including carotenoids, lipids, enzymes, and polysaccharides. Despite the high number of studies conducted using Rhodotorula sp. at the laboratory scale, most of these do not address all processual aspects necessary for scaling up these processes for industrial applications. This chapter explores
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Single-cell transcriptomics and data analyses for prokaryotes-Past, present and future concepts. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-05-18 Julia M Münch,Morgan S Sobol,Benedikt Brors,Anne-Kristin Kaster
Transcriptomics, or more specifically mRNA sequencing, is a powerful tool to study gene expression at the single-cell level (scRNA-seq) which enables new insights into a plethora of biological processes. While methods for single-cell RNA-seq in eukaryotes are well established, application to prokaryotes is still challenging. Reasons for that are rigid and diverse cell wall structures hampering lysis
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Fundamentals of utilizing microbes in advanced cancer therapeutics: current understanding and potential applications. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Tashmeen Kaur,Deepika Sharma
One of the biggest health related issues in the twenty-first century is cancer. The current therapeutic platforms have not advanced enough to keep up with the number of rising cases. The traditional therapeutic approaches frequently fail to produce the desired outcomes. Therefore, developing new and more potent remedies is crucial. Recently, investigating microorganisms as potential anti-cancer treatments
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Biofilm ecology associated with dental caries: understanding of microbial interactions in oral communities leads to development of therapeutic strategies targeting cariogenic biofilms. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2023-03-10 Jian-Na Cai,Dongyeop Kim
A biofilm is a sessile community characterized by cells attached to the surface and organized into a complex structural arrangement. Dental caries is a biofilm-dependent oral disease caused by infection with cariogenic pathogens, such as Streptococcus mutans, and associated with frequent exposure to a sugar-rich diet and poor oral hygiene. The virulence of cariogenic biofilms is often associated with
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BioMateriOME: to understand microbe-material interactions within sustainable, living architectures. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-12-26 Beatriz Delgado Corrales,Romy Kaiser,Paula Nerlich,Armand Agraviador,Angela Sherry
BioMateriOME evolved from a prototyping process which was informed from discussions between a team of designers, architects and microbiologists, when considering constructing with biomaterials or human cohabitation with novel living materials in the built environment. The prototype has two elements (i) BioMateriOME-Public (BMP), an interactive public materials library, and (ii) BioMateriOME-eXperimental
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The use of the electromagnetic field in microbial process bioengineering. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-10-03 Joanna Jabłońska,Kamila Dubrowska,Marta Gliźniewicz,Oliwia Paszkiewicz,Adrian Augustyniak,Bartłomiej Grygorcewicz,Maciej Konopacki,Agata Markowska-Szczupak,Marian Kordas,Barbara Dołęgowska,Rafał Rakoczy
An electromagnetic field (EMF) has been shown to have various stimulatory or inhibitory effects on microorganisms. Over the years, growing interest in this topic led to numerous discoveries suggesting the potential applicability of EMF in biotechnological processes. Among these observations are stimulative effects of this physical influence resulting in intensified biomass production, modification
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Role of psychrotrophic bacteria and cold-active enzymes in composting methods adopted in cold regions. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-09-29 Vivek Manyapu,Ayush Lepcha,Sanjeev Kumar Sharma,Rakshak Kumar
Temperature-dependent composting is a challenging task but is worthy if it is done in the right manner. Cold composting has been known to be practiced since ancient times but there were not enough advancements to overcome the long mesophilic phase and bring the compost maturation to a short period. The composting processes that have been well practiced are discussed and the role of psychrotrophic bacteria
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Antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria and their application in food biopreservation. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-08-26 Houssam Abouloifa,Ismail Hasnaoui,Yahya Rokni,Reda Bellaouchi,Nabil Ghabbour,Salwa Karboune,Milena Brasca,Abdelkarim Abousalham,Bassem Jaouadi,Ennouamane Saalaoui,Abdeslam Asehraou
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are ubiquitous bacteria associated with spontaneous lactic fermentation of vegetables, dairy and meat products. They are generally recognized as safe (GRAS), and they are involved in transformation of probiotic lacto-fermented foods, highly desired for their nutraceutical properties. The antifungal activity is one of the exciting properties of LAB, because of its possible
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Microbial communities of halite deposits and other hypersaline environments. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-07-21 Thomas P Thompson,Julianne Megaw,Stephen A Kelly,Jason Hopps,Brendan F Gilmore
Large regions of Earth's surface are underlain by salt deposits that evaporated from ancient oceans and are populated by extreme halophilic microbes. While the microbiology of ancient evaporites has been well studied, the ecology of halite deposits and more recently formed NaCl "salticle" stalactite structures (speleothems) in a Triassic halite mine are less well characterized. The microbiome of Kilroot
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Advances in microbial synthesis of bioplastic monomers. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 Jie Liu,Jianmin Liu,Liang Guo,Jia Liu,Xiulai Chen,Liming Liu,Cong Gao
Bio-based plastics production offers an alternative to the environmental problems posed by a significant reliance on fossil fuels. While dicarboxylic acids were essential bioplastic monomers, producing them on a large scale proved problematic. Recently, metabolic engineering has opened up interesting possibilities for producing dicarboxylic acids sustainably and efficiently. In this chapter, studies
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Green synthesis of nanoparticles by probiotics and their application. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Lei Qiao,Xina Dou,Xiaofan Song,Chunlan Xu
Nanoparticles (NPs), which have unique properties due to their extremely small size and high surface area to volume ratio, have attracted considerable attention and become an important tool for innovation in various fields. Traditionally, NPs are synthesized by physical and chemical processes, but these methods have high capital costs and energy demand, and involve the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals
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Advances in microbial production of feed amino acid. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Kuo Zhao,Jianmin Liu,Cong Gao,Jia Liu,Xiulai Chen,Liming Liu,Liang Guo
Feed amino acids have numerous applications, and the market demand for them is likely to grow. Microbial cell factories promise the sustainable production of feed amino acids; however, their performance is significantly affected by the availability of precursors, carbon metabolic flux, and transporter systems. To circumvent these potential roadblocks, high-performance microbial cell factories have
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Microbial mercury transformations: Molecules, functions and organisms. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-04-13 Ri-Qing Yu,Tamar Barkay
Mercury (Hg) methylation, methylmercury (MeHg) demethylation, and inorganic redox transformations of Hg are microbe-mediating processes that determine the fate and cycling of Hg and MeHg in many environments, and by doing so influence the health of humans and wild life. The discovery of the Hg methylation genes, hgcAB, in the last decade together with advances in high throughput and genome sequencing
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Microbial community signatures for estimation of postmortem time intervals. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-03-14 Hirak Ranjan Dash,Surajit Das
The human body provides a complex ecosystem for symbiotic habitation of a huge number of microorganisms. These commensal microorganisms provide a huge benefit to the living host by acting against many deadly infections. Once the host dies, many changes in the complex ecosystem of the human body take place. The personalized microbes of a human body undergo successional change as many exogenous microbes
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CRISPR/Cas genome editing systems in thermophiles: Current status, associated challenges, and future perspectives. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2022-02-25 Yilin Le,Jianzhong Sun
Thermophiles, offering an attractive and unique platform for a broad range of applications in biofuels and environment protections, have received a significant attention and growing interest from academy and industry. However, the exploration and exploitation of thermophilic organisms have been hampered by the lack of a powerful genome manipulation tool to improve production efficiency. At current
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The role of zinc in the pathogenicity of human fungal pathogens Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Duncan Wilson
Fungal pathogens now account for an unprecedented burden on human health. Like all microorganisms, these fungi must successfully forage for essential micronutrients such as zinc in order to proliferate. However, pathogenic microbes face an additional hurdle in securing zinc from their environment: the action of host nutritional immunity which strictly manipulates microbial access to this essential
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Dermocosmetic applications of microalgal pigments Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-10-19 André Rolim Baby, Ana Lucía Morocho-Jácome
Among photosynthetic microorganisms, Cyanobacteria and Microalgae species have been highly studied thank to their high value-added compounds for several industrial applications. Thus, their production is increasing in the last decade to produce raw material for cosmetics. In fact, the daily routine includes the use of cosmetics and sunscreens to protect against the environmental changes, mainly the
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Biofuel and chemical production from carbon one industry flux gas by acetogenic bacteria Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-08-07 Yi-Xuan Fan, Jun-Zhe Zhang, Quan Zhang, Xiao-Qing Ma, Zi-Yong Liu, Ming Lu, Kai Qiao, Fu-Li Li
Carbon one industry flux gas generated from fossil fuels, various industrial and domestic waste, as well as lignocellulosic biomass provides an innovative raw material to lead the sustainable development. Through the chemical and biological processing, the gas mixture composed of CO, CO2, and H2, also termed as syngas, is converted to biofuels and high-value chemicals. Here, the syngas fermentation
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Uninvited Guests: a Chronology of Petri Dish Contaminations Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-05-27 Gilbert Shama
Petri dish contaminations are commonplace and personally witnessed by every microbiologist. The vast majority of such contaminations result in nothing more than annoyance following which the Petri dishes are discarded. However, a handful of incidents of contaminations have led to momentous outcomes, the most renowned of which being that perceived by Alexander Fleming on the basis of the immense number
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Synthesis of functional oligosaccharides and their derivatives through cocultivation and cellular NTP regeneration Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-05-03 Jianrong Wu, Ruoyu Yang, Minjie Gao, Hongtao Zhang, Xiaobei Zhan
Carbohydrates play an important role in the life cycle. Among them, functional oligosaccharides show a complex and diverse structures with unique physiological activities and biological functions. However, different preparation methods directly affect the structure, molecular weight, and other functions of oligosaccharides, as well as their application fields and manufacturing costs. In the preparation
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Rhizosphere plant-microbe interactions under water stress Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-04-16 Ankita Bhattacharyya, Clint H.D. Pablo, Olga V. Mavrodi, David M. Weller, Linda S. Thomashow, Dmitri V. Mavrodi
Climate change, with its extreme temperature, weather and precipitation patterns, is a major global concern of dryland farmers, who currently meet the challenges of climate change agronomically and with growth of drought-tolerant crops. Plants themselves compensate for water stress by modifying aerial surfaces to control transpiration and altering root hydraulic conductance to increase water uptake
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Microbial bioassays in environmental toxicity testing Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-04-20 Cristina A. Viegas
Accidental spills and the misuse of chemicals may lead to current and legacy environmental contamination and pose concerns over possible (eco)toxicological secondary effects and risks toward non-target microbes and higher eukaryotes, including humans, in ecosystems. In the last decades, scientists and regulators have faced requests to thoroughly screen, prioritize and predict the possible deleterious
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Biological treatments of mercury and nitrogen oxides in flue gas: biochemical foundations, technological potentials, and recent advances Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-05-19 Zhenshan Huang, Zaishan Wei, Meiru Tang, Shan Yu, Huaiyong Jiao
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and mercury (Hg) are commonly found coexistent pollutants in combustion flue gas. Ever-increasing emission of atmospheric Hg and NOx has caused considerable environmental risks. Traditional flue gas demercuration and denitration techniques have many socioeconomic, technological and environmental drawbacks. Biotechnologies can be a promising and prospective alternative strategy
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Lipid production by oleaginous yeasts Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-05-07 Atrayee Chattopadhyay, Mrinal K. Maiti
Microbial lipid production has been studied extensively for years; however, lipid metabolic engineering in many of the extraordinarily high lipid-accumulating yeasts was impeded by inadequate understanding of the metabolic pathways including regulatory mechanisms defining their oleaginicity and the limited genetic tools available. The aim of this review is to highlight the prominent oleaginous yeast
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Sulfate reducing microorganisms in high temperature oil reservoirs Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-04-20 Angeliki Marietou
High temperature reservoirs offer a window into the microbial life of the deep biosphere. Sulfate reducing microorganisms have been recovered from high temperature oil reservoirs around the globe and characterized using culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. The activities of sulfate reducers contribute to reservoir souring and hydrocarbon degradation among other attracting considerable
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Expanding the lysine industry: biotechnological production of l-lysine and its derivatives Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2021-03-18 Jiaping Wang, Cong Gao, Xiulai Chen, Liming Liu
l-lysine is an essential amino acid that contains various functional groups including α-amino, ω-amino, and α-carboxyl groups, exhibiting high reaction potential. The derivatization of these functional groups produces a series of value-added chemicals, such as cadaverine, glutarate, and d-lysine, that are widely applied in the chemical synthesis, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Here
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Antimicrobial mechanisms and applications of yeasts Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-12-13 Ana María Gil-Rodríguez, Enriqueta Garcia-Gutierrez
Yeasts and humans have had a close relationship for millenia. Yeast have been used for food production since the first human societies. Since then, alternative uses have been discovered. Nowadays, antibiotic resistance constitutes a pressing need worldwide. In order to overcome this threat, one of the most important strategies is the search for new antimicrobials in natural sources. Moreover, biopreservation
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Recent advances in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Zhaobao Wang, Rubing Zhang, Qun Yang, Jintian Zhang, Youxi Zhao, Yanning Zheng, Jianming Yang
Isoprenoids, as the largest group of chemicals in the domains of life, constitute more than 50,000 members. These compounds consist of different numbers of isoprene units (C5H8), by which they are typically classified into hemiterpenoids (C5), monoterpenoids (C10), sesquiterpenoids (C15), diterpenoids (C20), triterpenoids (C30), and tetraterpenoids (C40). In recent years, isoprenoids have been employed
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Molecular engineering to improve lignocellulosic biomass based applications using filamentous fungi Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Jiali Meng, Miia R. Mäkelä, Ronald P. de Vries
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable resource, and its utilization has become the focus of research and biotechnology applications as a very promising raw material for the production of value-added compounds. Filamentous fungi play an important role in the production of various lignocellulolytic enzymes, while some of them have also been used for the production of important metabolites
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Microbial biomodification of clay minerals Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-09-26 Lin Zhang, Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Zhen Li
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The microbiology of red brines. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Aharon Oren
The brines of natural salt lakes with total salt concentrations exceeding 30% are often colored red by dense communities of halophilic microorganisms. Such red brines are found in the north arm of Great Salt Lake, Utah, in the alkaline hypersaline lakes of the African Rift Valley, and in the crystallizer ponds of coastal and inland salterns where salt is produced by evaporation of seawater or some
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Clostridium thermocellum: A microbial platform for high-value chemical production from lignocellulose. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 R Mazzoli,D G Olson
Second generation biorefining, namely fermentation processes based on lignocellulosic feedstocks, has attracted tremendous interest (owing to the large availability and low cost of this biomass) as a strategy to produce biofuels and commodity chemicals that is an alternative to oil refining. However, the innate recalcitrance of lignocellulose has slowed progress toward economically viable processes
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Gaps in the assortment of rapid assays for microorganisms of interest to the dairy industry. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 John O'Grady,Ultan Cronin,Joseph Tierney,Anna V Piterina,Elaine O'Meara,Martin G Wilkinson
This review presents the results of a study into the offering of rapid microbial detection assays to the Irish dairy industry. At the outset, a consultation process was undertaken whereby key stakeholders were asked to compile a list of the key microorganisms of interest to the sector. The resultant list comprises 19 organisms/groups of organisms divided into five categories: single pathogenic species
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Predetermined clockwork microbial worlds: Current understanding of aquatic microbial diel response from model systems to complex environments. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-06-29 Daichi Morimoto,Sigitas Šulčius,Kento Tominaga,Takashi Yoshida
In the photic zone of aquatic ecosystems, microorganisms with different metabolisms and their viruses form complex interactions and food webs. Within these interactions, phototrophic microorganisms such as eukaryotic microalgae and cyanobacteria interact directly with sunlight, and thereby generate circadian rhythms. Diel cycling originally generated in microbial phototrophs is directly transmitted
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Evasion of host defenses by intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-05-27 Kate E Watkins,Meera Unnikrishnan
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of hospital and community-acquired infections worldwide. The increasing occurrence of antibiotic resistant strains and the high rates of recurrent staphylococcal infections have placed several treatment challenges on healthcare systems. In recent years, it has become evident that S. aureus is a facultative intracellular pathogen, able to invade and
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Antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria from animal-based foods. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-05-23 Isadora de Alcântara Rodrigues,Rafaela Gomes Ferrari,Pedro Henrique Nunes Panzenhagen,Sergio Borges Mano,Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide public health threat. Farm animals are important sources of bacteria containing antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Although the use of antimicrobials in aquaculture and livestock has been reduced in several countries, these compounds are still routinely applied in animal production, and contribute to ARGs emergence and spread among bacteria. ARGs are transmitted
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Peptidoglycan biosynthesis and remodeling revisited. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-05-15 Moagi Shaku,Christopher Ealand,Ofentse Matlhabe,Rushil Lala,Bavesh D Kana
The bacterial peptidoglycan layer forms a complex mesh-like structure that surrounds the cell, imparting rigidity to withstand cytoplasmic turgor and the ability to tolerate stress. As peptidoglycan has been the target of numerous clinically successful antimicrobials such as penicillin, the biosynthesis, remodeling and recycling of this polymer has been the subject of much interest. Herein, we review
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Degradation strategies and associated regulatory mechanisms/features for aromatic compound metabolism in bacteria. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-03-25 Prashant S Phale,Harshit Malhotra,Bhavik A Shah
As a result of anthropogenic activity, large number of recalcitrant aromatic compounds have been released into the environment. Consequently, microbial communities have adapted and evolved to utilize these compounds as sole carbon source, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The constitutive expression of enzymes necessary for metabolism imposes a heavy energy load on the microbe which is overcome
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Yeasts for low input winemaking: Microbial terroir and flavor differentiation. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-03-17 Francisco Carrau,Eduardo Boido,David Ramey
Vitis vinifera flowers and grape fruits are one of the most interesting ecosystem niches for native yeasts development. There are more than a 100 yeast species and millions of strains that participate and contribute to design the microbial terroir. The wine terroir concept is understood when grape and wine micro-regions were delimited by different quality characteristics after humans had been growing
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Advances in the control of phytopathogenic fungi that infect crops through their root system. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-02-10 Juan José R Coque,José Manuel Álvarez-Pérez,Rebeca Cobos,Sandra González-García,Ana M Ibáñez,Alba Diez Galán,Carla Calvo-Peña
Productivity and economic sustainability of many herbaceous and woody crops are seriously threatened by numerous phytopathogenic fungi. While symptoms associated with phytopathogenic fungal infections of aerial parts (leaves, stems and fruits) are easily observable and therefore recognizable, allowing rapid or preventive action to control this type of infection, the effects produced by soil-borne fungi
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Genetic engineering for enhanced productivity in bioelectrochemical systems. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-02-08 Laura-Alina Philipp,Miriam Edel,Johannes Gescher
A shift from petrochemical processes toward a bio-based economy is one of the most advocated developments for a sustainable future. To achieve this will require the biotechnological production of platform chemicals that can be further processed by chemical engineering. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are a novel tool within the biotechnology field. In BESs, microbes serve as biocatalysts for the
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Engineering transport systems for microbial production. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-02-08 Moses Onyeabor,Rodrigo Martinez,Gavin Kurgan,Xuan Wang
The rapid development in the field of metabolic engineering has enabled complex modifications of metabolic pathways to generate a diverse product portfolio. Manipulating substrate uptake and product export is an important research area in metabolic engineering. Optimization of transport systems has the potential to enhance microbial production of renewable fuels and chemicals. This chapter comprehensively
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Anaerobic and hydrogenogenic carbon monoxide-oxidizing prokaryotes: Versatile microbial conversion of a toxic gas into an available energy. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 Yuto Fukuyama,Masao Inoue,Kimiho Omae,Takashi Yoshida,Yoshihiko Sako
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas that is toxic to various organisms including humans and even microbes; however, it has low redox potential, which can fuel certain microbes, namely, CO oxidizers. Hydrogenogenic CO oxidizers utilize an energy conservation system via a CO dehydrogenase/energy-converting hydrogenase complex to produce hydrogen gas, a zero emission fuel, by CO oxidation coupled with proton
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The versatility of Pseudomonas putida in the rhizosphere environment. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-12-28 Lázaro Molina,Ana Segura,Estrella Duque,Juan-Luis Ramos
This article addresses the lifestyle of Pseudomonas and focuses on how Pseudomonas putida can be used as a model system for biotechnological processes in agriculture, and in the removal of pollutants from soils. In this chapter we aim to show how a deep analysis using genetic information and experimental tests has helped to reveal insights into the lifestyle of Pseudomonads. Pseudomonas putida is a
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Glutathione: A powerful but rare cofactor among Actinobacteria. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-12-27 Anna C Lienkamp,Thomas Heine,Dirk Tischler
Glutathione (γ-l-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine, GSH) is a powerful cellular redox agent. In nature only the l,l-form is common among the tree of life. It serves as antioxidant or redox buffer system, protein regeneration and activation by interaction with thiol groups, unspecific reagent for conjugation during detoxification, marker for amino acid or peptide transport even through membranes, activation
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Bacteroidetes bacteria in the soil: Glycan acquisition, enzyme secretion, and gliding motility. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-12-05 Johan Larsbrink,Lauren Sara McKee
The secretion of extracellular enzymes by soil microbes is rate-limiting in the recycling of biomass. Fungi and bacteria compete and collaborate for nutrients in the soil, with wide ranging ecological impacts. Within soil microbiota, the Bacteroidetes tend to be a dominant phylum, just like in human and animal intestines. The Bacteroidetes thrive because of their ability to secrete diverse arrays of
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Detection of the 'Big Five' mold killers of humans: Aspergillus, Fusarium, Lomentospora, Scedosporium and Mucormycetes. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-11-20 Christopher R Thornton
Fungi are an important but frequently overlooked cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. Life-threatening fungal infections mainly occur in immunocompromised patients, and are typically caused by environmental opportunists that take advantage of a weakened immune system. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is the most important and well-documented mold pathogen of humans, causing a number
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Advances in yeast alcoholic fermentations for the production of bioethanol, beer and wine. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-10-25 Kevy Pontes Eliodório,Gabriel Caetano de Gois E Cunha,Caroline Müller,Ana Carolina Lucaroni,Reinaldo Giudici,Graeme Maxwell Walker,Sérgio Luiz Alves,Thiago Olitta Basso
Yeasts have a long-standing relationship with humankind that has widened in recent years to encompass production of diverse foods, beverages, fuels and medicines. Here, key advances in the field of yeast fermentation applied to alcohol production, which represents the predominant product of industrial biotechnology, will be presented. More specifically, we have selected industries focused in producing
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Microalgae for biofuel production. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-10-25 D James Gilmour
Microalgae have been used commercially since the 1950s and 1960s, particularly in the Far East for human health foods and in the United States for wastewater treatment. Initial attempts to produce bulk chemicals such as biofuels from microalgae were not successful, despite commercially favorable conditions during the 1970s oil crisis. However, research initiatives at this time, many using extremophilic
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Research progress on the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors of Aspergillus species. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-10-22 Bao-Teng Wang,Xing-Ye Yu,Yun-Jia Zhu,Miao Zhuang,Zhi-Min Zhang,Long Jin,Feng-Jie Jin
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins belong to a superfamily of transcription factors, and they are widely distributed in eukaryotic organisms. Members of the bHLH protein family can form homodimers or heterodimers with themselves or other family members, and they often play bifunctional roles as activators and repressors to uniquely regulate the transcription of downstream target genes. The bHLH
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Azotobacters as biofertilizer. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-08-28 Hirendra Kumar Das
Azotobacters have been used as biofertilizer since more than a century. Azotobacters fix nitrogen aerobically, elaborate plant hormones, solubilize phosphates and also suppress phytopathogens or reduce their deleterious effect. Application of wild type Azotobacters results in better yield of cereals like corn, wheat, oat, barley, rice, pearl millet and sorghum, of oil seeds like mustard and sunflower
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The role of microorganisms in soy sauce production. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-08-27 Desmond K O'toole
Soy sauce is a salty condiment commonly used in Eastern Asia that is made from soy beans with varying amounts of wheat or no wheat at all. It is known as shoyu in Japan, chiang-yu (or -yi) in China, kecup in Indonesia, kunjang in Korea, toyo in The Philippines, and see-ieu in Thailand (Beuchat, 1985; Djien, 1982; Fukushima, 1989). It provides flavor in an otherwise bland diet, and nutritionally it
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Application of model systems to study adaptive responses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during infection and disease. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-08-26 Bhavna Gowan Gordhan,Julian Peters,Bavesh Davandra Kana
Tuberculosis (TB) claims more human lives than any other infectious organism. The lethal synergy between TB-HIV infection and the rapid emergence of drug resistant strains has created a global public health threat that requires urgent attention. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB is an exquisitely well-adapted human pathogen, displaying the ability to promptly remodel metabolism
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Phenotypic instability in fungi. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-04-25 Philippe Silar
Fungi are prone to phenotypic instability, that is, the vegetative phase of these organisms, be they yeasts or molds, undergoes frequent switching between two or more behaviors, often with different morphologies, but also sometime having different physiologies without any obvious morphological outcome. In the context of industrial utilization of fungi, this can have a negative impact on the maintenance
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Toward rational selection criteria for selection of probiotics in pigs. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-04-12 Weilan Wang,Michael Gänzle
An accurate understanding of properties of probiotics is a prerequisite for selecting probiotic organisms for use in swine production. This review aims to review selection criteria for probiotic organism in swine. The systematically investigated ecological history rather than the source of isolates should be regarded as the natural origin of probiotic strains, which helps to correct the inconsistencies
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Mucoid switch in Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria: Triggers, molecular mechanisms and implications in pathogenesis. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. (IF 5.515) Pub Date : 2019-03-27 Mirela R Ferreira,Sara C Gomes,Leonilde M Moreira
Bacteria produce a vast range of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) to thrive in diverse environmental niches and often display a mucoid phenotype in solid media. One such exopolysaccharide, cepacian, is produced by bacteria of the genus Burkholderia and is of interest due to its role in pathogenesis associated with lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Cepacian is a repeat-unit polymer that has