In order to explore the performance, kinetics characteristics and enhancement mechanisms in anammox process under ferrous iron enhanced conditions, a laboratory-scale UASB anammox reactor has been built up and operated for 534 days. Experimental results showed that the Anammox process was successfully started up in a short operation period and the TNRE reached 83.34 ± 2.96% with a maximum total nitrogen

The combination of persulfate (PS) oxidation with enhanced bioremediation (EBR) is a potential trend in remediating organic-contaminated groundwater. However, the impacts of PS on EBR presented in the transition zone between PS oxidation zone and EBR zone need further study. To better characterize the impacts and provide available indicators, PS oxidation and EBR with nitrate amended were performed

Long term natural attenuation of 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) and its enhanced biodegradation after bioaugmentation with Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans CB1190 were assessed using flow-through aquifer columns. Natural attenuation of dioxane was not observed even after 2 years of acclimation. However, dioxane removal was observed in the bioaugmented columns (34% when the influent was 200 µg/L and 92% for 5 mg/L)

As an effective alternative for dissolved nitrogen removal, biofilter closely associates its treatment performance to structural and/or operational conditions. In this study, a set of four different biofilters including MAVF (mature aerated vertical flow), NAVF (new aerated vertical flow), NVF (new non-aerated vertical flow), and BHF (baffled non-aerated horizontal flow) were employed to purify low

Cometabolic biodegradation of 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) in the presence of primary substrates is a promising strategy for treating dioxane at environmentally relevant concentrations. Seven aqueous amendments (i.e., tetrahydrofuran (THF), butanone, acetone, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, phenol and acetate) and five gaseous amendments (i.e., C1-C4 alkanes and ethylene) were evaluated as the primary substrates for

A total of 11 bacterial strains capable of completely degrading 2-butoxyethanol (2-BE) were isolated from forest soil, a biotrickling filter, a bioscrubber, and activated sludge, and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Eight of these strains belong to the genus Pseudomonas; the remaining three strains are Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava BOE3, Gordonia terrae BOE5, and Cupriavidus oxalaticus BOE300

Bacterial diversity and aerobic catabolic competence of dioxin-degrading bacterial strains isolated from a polluted soil in the tropics were explored. Isolation of bacteria occurred after 12 months of consecutive enrichment, with dioxin congeners serving as the only sources of carbon and energy. Seventeen strains that were isolated were subsequently screened for dioxin metabolic competence. Among these

Pesticides introduced inadvertently or deliberately into environment by anthropogenic activity have caused growing global public concern, therefore the search of approaches for elimination of such xenobiotics should be encouraged. A cypermethrin-degrading bacterial strain Bacillus licheniformis B-1 was found to efficiently degrade carbaryl in LB medium at concentrations of 50-300 mg L-1 within 48 h

A large-scale (19.8L) Fluidized Bed Reactor (FBR) operated for 592 days was used to assess the removal performance of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS). Adjustments in hydraulic retention time (HRT) (18 and 30 h), ethanol (50, 100, 200 mg L-1) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) concentration (6.3-24.7 mg L-1) with taxonomic and functional characterization of biomass using Whole Genome Shotgun

Oily bilge wastewater (OBW) is a hazardous hydrocarbon-waste generated by ships worldwide. In this research, we enriched, characterized and study the hydrocarbon biodegradation potential of a microbial consortium from the bilges of maritime ships. The consortium cZ presented a biodegradation efficiency of 66.65% for total petroleum hydrocarbons, 72.33% for aromatics and 97.76% removal of n-alkanes

Mature landfill leachate (MLL) tend to be highly contaminated due to the presence of refractory contaminants such as humic-fulvic substances, xenobiotic compounds, and heavy metals. This study investigated the treatment efficiency of MLL by deploying Cladosporium sp., Trichoderma asperellum, and Tyromyces chioneus fungal strains. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and soluble COD (sCOD) removal efficiencies

Oily bilge wastewater is one of the main sources of hydrocarbons pollution in marine environments due to accidental or clandestine discharges. The main technical challenge for its effective treatment is the presence of stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. In this work we are reporting an enriched microbial consortium from bilge wastewater with remarkable ability to demulsify oil in water emulsions

Two culture media were tested for the production of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) under static culture fermentation, one containing molasses (Mol-HS), the other molasses and corn steep liquor (Mol-CSL), as a source of carbon and nitrogen, respectively. These are low-cost nutrients widely available, which provide very good BNC productivities. However, the use of these substrates generates wastewaters

This study describes the effects of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the acetoclastic, hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic pathways of methanogenesis by an anaerobic consortium. The results showed that GO negatively affected the hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic pathways at a concentration of 300 mg/L, causing a decrease of ~ 38% on the maximum specific methanogenic activity

Bromate is a disinfection byproduct (DBP) that forms during the ozonation of bromide-containing natural water, which may cause health risks to humans. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanism of bromate formation, microbial communities and bioreactors that are responsible for bromate reduction. Bromate can be formed through two pathways of bromide oxidation by ozone or by ·OH, and it

This study shows vanadate (V(V)) reduction in a methane (CH4) based membrane biofilm batch reactor when the concentration of dissolved oxygen (O2) was extremely low. V(IV) was the dominant products formed from V(V) bio-reduction, and majority of produced V(IV) transformed into precipitates with green color. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Illumina sequencing analysis showed that archaea

Activated carbon cloths (ACCs) were used as biofilms supports in the anaerobic biotransformation of 4-nitrophenol (4NP). As received ACC material (AW) was oxidized with HNO3 (OX) and then functionalized with anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQ). The three ACCs were packed in hybrid UASB reactors and seeded with anaerobic granular sludge for biotransformation experiments. The results indicated that ACC-packed

The interest of fluoroanilines in the environment is due to their extensive applications in industry and their low natural biodegradability. A pure bacterial strain capable of degrading 3-fluoroaniline (3-FA) as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from a sequencing batch reactor operating for the treatment of 3-FA. The strain (designated as JF-3) was identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a ubiquitous toxic and carcinogenic pollutant. Screening for pure or mixed-culture microorganisms that can efficiently degrade THF is difficult due to its chemical stability. In this study, an enrichment culture, H-1, with a stable THF-degrading ability and microbial community structure was enriched from activated sludge and could efficiently degrade 95% of 40 mM THF within

N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a potential carcinogen that is produced as a disinfection by-product of chloramination or chlorination process in water and wastewater treatment systems. The ability of the dioxygenase-expressing bacteria, Rhodococcus sp. strain L4, to degrade NDMA after induction with cumene was examined in the presence and absence of its potential precursors. Dimethylamine (DMA),

Dietary fibres are main substances in the pig's feed. Because of the recalcitrance, they could enter swine wastewater and become a serious obstruction factor for the anaerobic digestion process. In this work, three dietary fibres abundant in pig feedstocks: Wheat Bran Fibre (WBF), Alfalfa Fibre (AF) and Rice Chaff Fibre (RCF) were chosen and their anaerobic degradability was determined. The results

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology is generally negatively affected by the salinity in high saline organic wastewater. The effect of salinity on organic pollutants removal of AGS was studied in three parallel sequencing batch reactors. The results indicated that the performance of reactors operating at relative low salinity (1%) remained stable. However, at medium salinity (2%) and higher salinity

Climate warming in the Arctic and the thawing of frozen carbon stocks are leading to uncertainty as to how bacterial communities will respond, including pollutant degrading bacteria. This study investigated the effects of carbon stimulation and temperature on soil microbial community diversity and explosive biodegradation in two sub-Arctic soils. Chitin as a labile carbon source stimulated overall

1,4-Dioxane (DX) is a recalcitrant cyclic ether that has gained attention as an emerging pollutant in the aquatic environment. Enrichment of indigenous DX-degrading bacteria, which are considered to be minor populations even in DX-impacted environments, is the key for efficient biological DX removal. Therefore, this study aimed to explore carbon sources applicable for the enrichment of DX-degrading

Municipal solid waste landfills are widely used as a waste management tool and landfill microbiology is at the core of waste degradation in these ecosystems. This review investigates the microbiology of municipal solid waste landfills, focusing on the current state of knowledge pertaining to microbial diversity and functions facilitating in situ waste bioprocessing, as well as ecological factors influencing

The current research focuses on the production and characterization of glycolipid biosurfactant (GB) from Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and its anthelmintic activity against Caenorhabditis elegans. The GB was purified and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Anthelmintic activity of GB was studied at six different

Biosurfactants are one among the best alternative for synthetic surfactants that are exploited by many researchers. Several agro wastes help to reduce the cost biosurfactants by being renewable and economical. The present research focuses on the biosurfactant production from Pseudomonas mosselii utilizing Parthenium hysterophorus as a relatively cheap substrate. P. hysterophorus being a hazardous weed

This study investigated the coproduction of alkaline amylase and lipopeptides by Bacillus methylotrophicus DCS1 strain, as well as their biochemical characterisation. The best production of both amylase and biosurfactant was obtained when potato starch (10 g/L) and glutamic acid (5 g/L) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The bacterial strain was incubated for 48 h at 25 °C and

The production of biosurfactant by Pseudomonas aeruginosa TGC01 using crude glycerol and sodium nitrate as the sole substrate and nitrogen source, respectively, was investigated using two mineral culture media. Two inoculum sizes (5 and 10% v/v) and two volumes of the culture medium (50 and 100 mL) in 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask also were used. Enzymatic hydrolyses of waste office paper (WOP), newspaper

Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the production of biosurfactants from Bacillus mojavensis I4 using Box-Behnken design with four variables. The optimal variable combination was 3% of glucose as carbon source, 0.6% of glutamic acid as nitrogen source, temperature of 35 °C and 10 g/l of NaCl which yielded to an optimal production of 4.12 g/l. Compositional analysis and FTIR spectrum

In the wake of an increased attention on the eco-friendly biopesticidal products and the rising market requirements for organic agents, lipopeptides compounds have been described as biological control agents which improve the overall health growth and development of plants. Nevertheless, their high production cost constitue the major flaw in their wide use to control plant diseases. The present article

In this paper, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC7815, a biosurfactant producing strain was studied for its ability to utilize waste cooking oil (WCO) as a sole carbon source for the production of biosurfactant. Culture conditions were optimized based on surface tension reduction and biomass concentration. The obtained biosurfactant was characterized using 1H NMR, FTIR, LC-MS, and MALDI-TOF techniques. The

Fuel and lubricating oil leaks produce an oily wastewater that creates an environmental problem for industries. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) has been successfully employed for the separation of oily contaminants. Collectors constitute an auxiliary tool in the DAF process that enhances the separation efficiency by facilitating the adhesion of the contaminant particles. The use of biosurfactants as

This study aimed at characterizing a biosurfactant from Candida utilis, and use it in the preparation of salad dressings. The biosurfactant was produced in mineral medium supplemented with 6% glucose and 6% waste frying canola oil. The crude biosurfactant was then tested for stability in different conditions of pH, salt concentration, heating time and temperature. The critical micelle dilution, chemical

While bioremediation technologies for trichloroethene (TCE), a suspected carcinogen, have been successfully demonstrated in neutral pH aquifers, these technologies are often ineffective for remediating TCE contamination in acidic aquifers (i.e., pH < 5.5). Acidophilic methanotrophs have been detected in several low pH environments, but their presence and potential role in TCE degradation in acidic

Biodegradation of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) in drylands is an important biological process of detoxification. Flooding in drylands can result in the formation of anaerobic habitats. However, little is known about the microbial metabolism of TCP in dryland soil under anaerobic conditions. Here, chlorpyrifos-contaminated dryland soil was incubated to enrich the TCP-degrading microbial consortium

Expanding industrialization and the associated usage and production of mineral oil products has caused a worldwide spread of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These pollutants accumulate and persist under anoxic conditions but little is known about the biochemical reactions catalyzing their anaerobic degradation. Recently, carboxylation of naphthalene was demonstrated for the sulfate-reducing culture

Knowledge of the conditions that promote the growth and activity of pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP)-degrading microorganisms within mixed microbial systems are needed to shape microbiomes in biotreatment reactors and manage process performance. Available carbon sources influence microbial community structure, and specific carbon sources could potentially be added to end-of-treatment

Gas-to-liquid mass transfer of hydrogen (H2) was investigated in a gas-liquid reactor with a continuous gas phase, a batch liquid phase, and liquid mixing regimes relevant to assessing kinetics of microbial H2 consumption. H2 transfer was quantified in real-time with a H2 microsensor for no mixing, moderate mixing [100 rotations per minute (rpm)], and rapid mixing (200 rpm). The experimental results

During the 1991 Gulf War, oil wells in the oil fields of Kuwait were set aflame and destroyed. This resulted in severe crude oil pollution of the countries only fresh water aquifers. Here, for the first time the natural attenuation and biodegradation of the persisting groundwater contamination was investigated to assess potential processes in the aquifer. Biodegradation experiments were conducted under

Even though aerobic methane-oxidation coupled to denitrification (AME-D) has been extensively studied, the exact estimation of CH4 utilization during this process still requires better understanding because effective utilization of CH4 is essential in denitrification performance, CH4 emission and economy. This study presents the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on CH4 utilization in an AME-D

Vegetable waste (VW) is highly perishable and susceptible to acidification during anaerobic digestion, which inhibits biogas production. Effective process monitoring, diagnosis and control are necessary to maintain stable anaerobic digestion at a high organic loading rate (OLR). Continuous mesophilic digestion was conducted at OLRs of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 g volatile solids (VS)/(L d)

Rhamnolipids are one of the most well-known classes of biosurfactants having wide applications in various industries due to low toxicity, high biodegradability, and environmentally friendly. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration has the crucial effect on rhamnolipids production, particularly through fed-batch cultivation. In this study, the effect of different levels of DO concentrations on rhamnolipid

The bacterial strain F4, isolated from olive oil-contaminated soil, has been found to produce biosurfactants as confirmed by oil displacement test and the emulsification index results. The identification of the strain F4, by 16S ribosomal RNA gene, showed a close similarity to Bacillus safensis, therefore the strain has been termed Bacillus safensis F4. The Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and the High

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is among the most serious threats to water and the typical alkali-based treatment costs are high. This study's main objective was the establishment of a highly efficient biological process using an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to treat AMD based on a shorter hydraulic retention time (HRT) and lower organic matter input. The process was evaluated for a long-term

Pseudomonas strains isolated from oil contaminated soils were screened for biosurfactant production. Three out of eleven Pseudomonas isolates were selected for their high emulsifying activity (E24 value on n-hexadecane ~ 78%). These isolates (E39, E311 and E313) were identified as members of the P. putida group using phenotypical methods and a molecular approach. To identify the chemical nature of

Anthropogenic activities have introduced elevated levels of brominated phenols to the environment. These compounds are associated with toxic and endocrine effects, and their environmental fate is of interest. An aerobic strain Ochrobactrum sp. HI1 was isolated from soils in the vicinity of a bromophenol production plant and tested for its ability to degrade 4-bromophenol (4-BP). A ring hydroxylation

Anaerobic digestion of sludge is considered to be one of the most appropriate technologies for energy production via conversion of organic matter into methane containing biogas. Biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater sludge can be utilized as fuel to offset heat and electricity consumption of wastewater treatment facilities. Modeling can be used effectively to evaluate the impact

The betaproteobacterium Castellaniella defragrans 65Phen grows on monoterpenes at concentrations toxic to many bacteria. Tolerance mechanisms include modifications of the membrane fatty acid composition and the mineralization of monoterpenes. In this study, we characterized an efflux transporter associated to the monoterpene metabolism. The inner-membrane transporter AmeD (apolar monoterpene efflux)

Much fundamental research has already been performed to understand the mechanism of microbial rubber degradation. Due to the increasing amount of rubber waste, biotechnical methods to degrade that particular waste are strongly needed. The present study evaluates whether a microbial or an enzymatic process is more suitable for efficient biodegradation, due to less sensitivity towards rubber additives

Heavy metals-organics mixture pollution is increasingly concerned and simultaneous removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals is becoming significant. In this study, a strain was isolated from the sediment of a tannery effluent outfalls, which can remove o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) and Cr(VI) simultaneously. The bacterial isolate was identified as Serratia marcescens by the 16S rRNA gene sequences

An acetamiprid-degrading fungus was isolated from contaminated soil and identified as Fusarium sp. strain CS-3 based on physiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. Strain CS-3 exploited 50 mg/L as the sole carbon source in liquid culture, removing 98% in 96 h. Strain CS-3 retained its acetamiprid degradation abilities over a wide range of pH (5.0-8.0) and temperature (20-42 °C). HPLC-MS analysis

A previous study demonstrated that denitrification synergized with Anammox could accelerate the anaerobic degradation of benzene. The inhibitory effects of benzene, toluene, phenol and benzoate in single and combination on Anammox activity were investigated by short-term batch tests. The results indicated that the inhibition of single compounds on Anammox could be well fitted with the extended non-competitive

The objective of the present work was to analyze the interrelationship between the aerobic degradation of BPA and readily biodegradable substrates by activated sludge (AS) in semi-continuous reactors (SCRs). AS were obtained from three SCRs fed with glucose, acetate or peptone. AS from these reactors were used as inocula for three SCRs that were fed with each biogenic substrate, and for three SCRs

Recent research has demonstrated the potential of using filamentous fungi to form pellets with microalgae (biopellets), in order to facilitate harvesting of microalgae from water following algae-based treatment of wastewater. In parallel, there is a need to develop techniques for removing organic pollutants such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals from wastewater. In experiments using the microalga Chlorella

Many industrial activities produce H2S, which is toxic at high levels and odorous at even very low levels. Chemolithotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are often used in its remediation. Recently, we have reported that many heterotrophic bacteria can use sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase and persulfide dioxygenase to oxidize H2S to thiosulfate and sulfite. These bacteria may also potentially be used in

Denitrifying granular sludge reactor holds better nitrogen removal efficiency than other kinds of denitrifying reactors, while this reactor commonly needs seeding anaerobic granular sludge and longer period for start-up in practice, which restricted the application of denitrifying granular sludge reactor. This study presented a rapid and stable start-up method for denitrifying granular sludge. An upflow

A novel beta-cypermethrin (Beta-CP)-degrading strain isolated from activated sludge was identified as Brevibacillus parabrevis BCP-09 based on its morphological and physio-biochemical characteristics, and 16S rRNA gene analysis. Strain BCP-09 could effectively degrade Beta-CP at pH 5.0-9.0, 20-40 °C, and 10-500 mg L-1 Beta-CP. Under optimal conditions (pH 7.41, 38.9 °C, 30.9 mg L-1 Beta-CP), 75.87%

Thauera sp. strain DKT isolated from sediment utilized 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D) and its relative compounds as sole carbon and energy sources under anaerobic conditions and used nitrate as an electron acceptor. The determination of 2,4D utilization at different concentrations showed that the utilization curve fitted well with the Edward model with the maximum degradation rate as 0.017 ± 0