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Molnupiravir for the treatment of COVID-19 outpatients: an updated meta-analysis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema, Saleha Abdul Rab, Momina Butt, Uzair Jafar, Abia Shahid, Aqeeb Ur Rehman, Ka Yiu Lee, Syeda Sahra, Ranjit Sah
The majority of available data on molnupiravir come from an unvaccinated COVID-19 population. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to integrate evidence from recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as well as observational studies stratified by vaccination status to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of molnupiravir in COVID-19 outpatients. We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane
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Clinical manifestations and risk factors for COVID-19 and its severity in patients with hematological malignancies J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Tzong-Yow Wu, Wan-Ting Tsai, Kai-Hsiang Chen, Szu-Ting Huang, Chun-Fu Huang, Po-Hsien Kuo, Ming-Jui Tsai, Wang-Da Liu, Kuan-Yin Lin, Yu-Shan Huang, Aristine Cheng, Pao-Yu Chen, Hsin-Yun Sun, Huai-Hsuan Huang, Tai-Chung Huang, Shang-Ju Wu, Ming Yao, Jann-Tay Wang, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chien-Ching Hung, Yee-Chun Chen, Shan-Chwen Chang
Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) were at a high risk of developing severe disease from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to assess the clinical outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients with HM. Adult patients with HM who were hospitalized with a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between May, 2021 and November, 2022 were retrospectively identified. Primary outcome was respiratory
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Ten-year epidemiology and risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients in Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Yi-Che Huang, Fei-Yuan Hsiao, Shang-Ting Guan, Ming Yao, Chia-Jen Liu, Tzu-Ting Chen, Tung-Liang Lin, Yi-Chang Liu, Tsai-Yun Chen, Ying-Chung Hong, Ming-Chun Ma, Tran-Der Tan, Chuan-Cheng Wang, Yi-Ying Wu, Po-Wei Liao, Yi-Feng Wu, Yi-Yang Chen, Yuan-Bin Yu, Yao-Yu Hsieh, Ming-Yang Lee, Jia-Hau Liu, Shu-Wen Lin, Bor-Sheng Ko
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause infection and critical diseases in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. This study aimed to explore the cumulative incidence and risk factors for CMV infection and disease among HSCT recipients in Taiwan. This retrospective cohort study using the Taiwan Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry (TBMTR) included HSCT recipients between 2009 and 2018
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Application of a multiplex molecular pneumonia panel and real-world impact on antimicrobial stewardship among patients with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Chieh-Lung Chen, How-Yang Tseng, Wei-Cheng Chen, Shinn-Jye Liang, Chih-Yen Tu, Yu-Chao Lin, Po-Ren Hsueh
The optimal timing for applying the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel (FAPP) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains undefined, and there are limited data on its impact on antimicrobial stewardship. This retrospective study was conducted at a referral hospital in Taiwan from November 2019 to October 2022. Adult ICU
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The multicenter real-world report of the efficacies of 14-day esomeprazole-based and rabeprazole-based high-dose dual therapy in first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication in Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Wei-Chen Tai, I-Ting Wu, Hsin-Ming Wang, Pao-Yuan Huang, Chih-Chien Yao, Cheng-Kun Wu, Shih-Cheng Yang, Chih-Ming Liang, Pin-I Hsu, Seng-Kee Chuah
High-dose dual therapy (HDDT) using proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) and amoxicillin attracted attention for its simplicity and lower adverse event profile. Besides, vonoprazan is not available worldwide. This real-world study aims to compare the efficacy of esomeprazole-based and rabeprazole-based HDDT regimens and to identify clinical factors influencing outcomes. A retrospective study enrolled 346 -infected
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Copper affects virulence and diverse phenotypes of uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Wei-Syuan Huang, Yuan-Ju Lee, Lu Wang, Hsuan- Hsuan Chen, Yueh-Jung Chao, Vivien Cheng, Shwu-Jen Liaw
Copper plays a role in urinary tract infection (UTI) and urinary copper content is increased during UTI. We therefore investigated the effect of copper on uropathogenic and the underlying mechanisms, focusing on the virulence associated aspects. Mouse colonization, swarming/swimming assays, measurement of cell length, flagellin level and urease activity, adhesion/invasion assay, biofilm formation,
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Combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and clindamycin in the treatment of relapsing toxoplasmic encephalitis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Shih-Wen Ting, Jien-Wei Liu
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Effectiveness and evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein titers after three doses of COVID-19 vaccination in people with HIV J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Wang-Da Liu, Meng-Shuan Lin, Hsin-Yun Sun, Ming-Chieh Shih, Yu-Chung Chuang, Yu-Shan Huang, Kuan-Yin Lin, Guei-Chi Li, Pei-Ying Wu, Ling-Ya Chen, Wen-Chun Liu, Yi-Ching Su, Pu-Chi He, Yi-Ting Chen, Chia-Yi Lin, Yu-Chen Cheng, Yi Yao, Yi-Chen Yeh, Chia-Chi Liu, Mei-Yan Pan, Yu-Zhen Luo, Hsi-Yen Chang, Jann-Tay Wang, Wang-Huei Sheng, Szu-Min Hsieh, Sui-Yuan Chang, Chien-Ching Hung
Real-world vaccine effectiveness following the third dose of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 remains less investigated among people with HIV (PWH). PWH receiving the third dose of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (either 50- or 100-μg) were enrolled. Participants were followed for 180 days until the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroconversion of anti-nucleocapsid IgG, death, or loss
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Effect of early dexamethasone on outcomes of COVID-19: A quasi-experimental study using propensity score matching J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Wang-Da Liu, Jann-Tay Wang, Ming-Chieh Shih, Kai-Hsiang Chen, Szu-Ting Huang, Chun-Fu Huang, Tien-Hao Chang, Ming-Jui Tsai, Po-Hsien Kuo, Yi-Chen Yeh, Wan-Chen Tsai, Mei-Yan Pan, Guei-Chi Li, Yi-Jie Chen, Kuan-Yin Lin, Yu-Shan Huang, Aristine Cheng, Pao- Yu Chen, Sung-Ching Pan, Hsin-Yun Sun, Shih-Chi Ku, Sui-Yuan Chang, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chi-Tai Fang, Chien-Ching Hung, Yee-Chun Chen, Yi-Lwun Ho, Ming-Shiang
The RECOVERY trial demonstrated that the use of dexamethasone is associated with a 36% lower 28-day mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 on invasive mechanical ventilation. Nevertheless, the optimal timing to start dexamethasone remains uncertain. We conducted a quasi-experimental study at National Taiwan University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) using propensity score matching to simulate a
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The core exosome proteome of Trichomonas vaginalis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Seow-Chin Ong, Hong-Wei Luo, Wei-Hung Cheng, Fu-Man Ku, Chih-Yu Tsai, Po-Jung Huang, Chi-Ching Lee, Yuan-Ming Yeh, Rose Lin, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Petrus Tang
is parasitic protozoan that causes human urogenital infections. Accumulated reports indicated that exosomes released by this parasite play a crucial role in transmitting information and substances between cells during host-parasite interactions. Current knowledge on the protein contents in exosome is mainly generated from three previous studies that used different isolates as an experimental model
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Stool microbiota analysis for abundance of genus Klebsiella among adults and children in endemic area for community K. pneumoniae infection J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Kai-Liang Kao, Shu-I Wu, Chia-Jui Yang, Chun-Hsing Liao
Invasive syndrome is a significant endemic disease in Taiwan. Intestinal colonization of virulent clones that cause this phenomenon has been demonstrated in asymptomatic adults. Comparisons of healthy adults and children with stool colonization have rarely been reported. We aimed to evaluate the frequency and abundance of in the stool of adults and children by stool microbiota analysis. Healthy volunteers
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A 19-year longitudinal study to characterize carbapenem-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter isolated from patients with bloodstream infections and the contribution of conjugative plasmids to carbapenem resistance and virulence J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Pek Kee Chen, Yi-Tzu Lee, Chia-Ying Liu, Tran Thi Dieu Thuy, Kieu Anh, Jiunn-Jong Wu, Chun-Hsing Liao, Yu-Tsung Huang, Yu-Chen Chen, Cheng-Yen Kao
This study aimed to characterize carbapenem-nonsusceptible (CNSA) isolated from patients with bacteremia from 1997 to 2015. A total of 173 CNSA (12.3%) was recovered from 1403 isolates. The presence of selected β-lactamase genes in CNSA was determined by PCR amplification. The conjugation test was used to determine the transferability of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-carrying plasmids. Whole genome sequencing
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Comparison of in vitro synergy between polymyxin B or colistin in combination with 16 antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Yuan Wang, Yingying Ma, Luying Xiong, Xueting Wang, Yanzi Zhou, Xiaohui Chi, Tao Chen, Hao Fu, Qixia Luo, Yonghong Xiao
This study determined the synergy of polymyxin B (POLB) and colistin (COL) with 16 other tested antimicrobial agents in the inhibition of multidrug-resistant (MDR-AB). We used chequerboard assays to determine synergy between the drugs against 50 clinical MDR-AB from a tertiary hospital in the Zhejiang province in 2019, classifying combinations as either antagonistic, independent, additive, or synergistic
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ProFun: A web server for functional enrichment analysis of parasitic protozoan genes J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Po-Jung Huang, Yi-Chen Weng, Kuo-Yang Huang, Chi-Ching Lee, Yuan-Ming Yeh, Yu-Tong Chen, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Petrus Tang
The initial step to interpreting putative biological functions from comparative multi-omics studies usually starts from a differential expressed gene list followed by functional enrichment analysis (FEA). However, most FEA packages are designed exclusively for humans and model organisms. Although parasitic protozoan is the most important pathogen in the tropics, no FEA package is available for protozoan
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Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes among the hospitalized elderly patients with COVID-19 during the late pandemic phase in central Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Chieh-Lung Chen, Chi-Kang Teng, Wei-Cheng Chen, Shinn-Jye Liang, Chih-Yen Tu, Hong-Mo Shih, Wan-Ju Cheng, Yu-Chao Lin, Po-Ren Hsueh
Background There is a lack of information regarding outcomes of elderly patients hospitalized with COVID-19 following the widespread use of COVID-19 vaccines and antiviral agents. Methods A retrospective study was conducted between January and August 2022, enrolling patients aged 65 years or older. Patients were categorized into two groups: ‘old’ (65-79 years) and ‘oldest-old’ (80 years or more). Multivariate
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Molecular characterization of lugdunin inactivation mechanisms and their association with Staphylococcus lugdunensis genetic types J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Lee-Chung Lin, Cheng-Yen Kao, Shih-Cheng Chang, Jazon Harl Hidrosollo, Jang-Jih Lu
Background and Purpose Our previous studies showed that lugdunin activities are associated with Staphylococcus lugdunensis genotypes, and most isolates do not exhibit lugdunin activity. As a continuation of our previous analysis, we focused on the reasons for defects in lugdunin production in S. lugdunensis clinical isolates. Methods A comparative analysis of 36 S. lugdunensis whole genome sequencing
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Predicting potential SARS-CoV-2 spillover and spillback in animals J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Zi Hian TAN, Kian Yan YONG, Jian-Jun SHU
Background The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading rapidly around the world, causing countries to impose lockdowns and efforts to develop vaccines on a global scale. However, human-to-animal and animal-to-human transmission cannot be ignored, as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can spread rapidly in farmed and wild animals. This could create a worrying cycle of SARS-CoV-2 spillover
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Under-utilization of statins among people with HIV who were aged 40 years or older J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Pei-Ying Wu, Hsin-Yun Sun, Yu-Shan Huang, Wang-Da Liu, Kuan-Yin Lin, Yu-Zhen Luo, Hsi-Yen Chang, Ling-Ya Chen, Yi-Ting Chen, Chien-Ching Hung
From June 2022 to April 2023, 1,629 HIV-positive participants were assessed for the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The 10-year ASCVD risk of <5%, 5% to <7.5%, ≥7.5% to <20% and ≥20% were 59.9%, 14.4%, 20.7% and 5.0%, respectively; 440 (27.0%) participants met the criteria for statin therapy, but only 171 (38.8%) were prescribed statins.
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Detection of Enterovirus D68 among Children with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in Myanmar J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Tatsuki Ikuse, Yuta Aizawa, Ryotaro Kachikawa, Kazuhiro Kamata, Hidekazu Osada, Su Mon Kyaw Win, Lasham Di Ja, Nay Chi Win, Khin Nyo Thein, Aye Thida, Aye Tun, Ai Ito, Yadanar Kyaw, Htay Htay Tin, Yugo Shobugawa, Hisami Watanabe, Reiko Saito, Akihiko Saitoh
Background Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an important reemerging pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory infection and acute flaccid paralysis, mainly in children. Since 2014, EV-D68 outbreaks have been reported in the United States, Europe, and east Asia; however, no outbreaks have been reported in southeast Asian countries, including Myanmar, during the previous 10 years. Methods EV-D68 was detected
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The impact of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in critically ill patients: significance for survival and ventilator use J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Ying-Chun Chien, Chin-Hao Chang, Chun-Kai Huang, Yung-Hsuan Chen, Chia-Jung Liu, Chung-Yu Chen, Ping-Huai Wang, Chin-Chung Shu, Lu-Cheng Kuo, Jann-Yuan Wang, Shih-Chi Ku, Hao-Chien Wang, Chong-Jen Yu
Background This study investigates the impact of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) on mortality and mechanical ventilation use in critically ill patients. Methods We enrolled patients with NTM-LD or tuberculosis (TB) in intensive care units (ICU) and analysed their association with 30-day mortality and with mechanical ventilator-free survival (VFS) at 30 days after ICU admission. Results
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Early enteral nutrition in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest under target temperature management was associated with a lower 7-day bacteremia rate: a post-hoc analysis of a retrospective cohort study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Yu-Chi Tsai, Chun-Hao Yin, Jin-Shuen Chen, Yao-Shen Chen, Shih-Chung Huang, Jui-Kuang Chen
Introduction Early enteral nutrition (EN) is a nutritional strategy for reducing the incidence of in-hospital infections. However, the benefits of early EN, under targeted temperature management (TTM) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of early EN on the infective complications of OHCA patients who underwent TTM. Methods We retrospectively
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Pneumonia and brain abscess likely due to Cladophialophora bantiana in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus in Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Yu-Ching Wang, Shin-Wei Wang, Cong-Tat Cia, Po-Lin Chen, Hsin-I Shih, Pui-Ching Choi, Chi-Jung Wu, Shih-Hung Chan
Abstract not available
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Monkeypox: An outbreak of a rare viral disease J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Ying-Hua Luo, Tong Zhang, Jing-Long Cao, Wen-Shuang Hou, An-Qi Wang, Cheng-Hao Jin
Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease rarely found outside Africa. Monkeypox can be spread from person to person through close contact with an infected person, and the rate of transmission is not very high. In addition, monkeypox and variola virus are both pox viruses, and the spread of monkeypox virus was also controlled to some extent by the smallpox campaign, so monkeypox was not widely paid attention
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High mortality of patients with severe pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus, August 2021-June 2023, Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Chieh-Lung Chen, Yu-Chao Lin, How-Yang Tseng, Wei-Cheng Chen, Shinn-Jye Liang, Chih-Yen Tu, Po-Ren Hsueh
Among the 14 patients with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia, the majority (n = 8, 57.1%) were older than 65 years and had health care-associated pneumonia (57.1%). Over 70% (n = 10) of them exhibited bacterial co-infection, with a high proportion (64.3%) requiring mechanical ventilation. The hospital mortality rate was 50%.
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Safety and effectiveness of remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 patients with end-stage renal disease: A retrospective cohort study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Yan-Bo Huang, Chip-Jin Ng, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chung-Hsien Chaou, Shi-Ying Gao, Shou-Yen Chen
Background Remdesivir has been used to treat severe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19); however, its safety and effectiveness in patients remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of remdesivir in patients with COVID-19 with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods This retrospective study used the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD) and extracted data from 21,621 adult patients
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Ribotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of clinical Clostridioides difficile isolates: a multicenter, laboratory-based surveillance in Taiwan, 2019-2021 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Chin-Shiang Tsai, Po-Liang Lu, Min-Chi Lu, Tai-Chin Hsieh, Wei-Ting Chen, Jann-Tay Wang, Wen-Chien Ko
Background The clinical burden of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) remains substantial globally. This study aimed to investigate the ribotypes (RTs) and antimicrobial susceptibility of C. difficile isolates collected in Taiwan. Methods C. difficile isolates were prospectively collected from four medical centers in Taiwan from 2019 to 2021. In a reference laboratory, in vitro susceptibility
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Recommendations and guidelines for endoscope reprocessing: Current position statement of Digestive Endoscopic Society of Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Wei-Kuo Chang, Chen-Ling Peng, Yen-Wei Chen, Cheuk-Kay Sun, Chieh-Chang Chen, Tao-Chieh Liu, Yin-Yi Chu, I-Fang Tsai, Chen-Shuan Chung, Hsiao-Fen Lin, Fang-Yu Hsu, Wei-Chen Tai, His-Chang Lee, Hsu-Heng Yen, E-Ming Wang, Shu-Hui Chen, Cheng-Hsin Chu, Ming-Jen Chen, Ching-Liang Lu, Cheng-Tang Chiu
Reprocessing of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopes and accessories is an essential part of patient safety and quality control in GI endoscopy centers. However, current endoscopic reprocessing guidelines or procedures are not adequate to ensure patient-safe endoscopy. Approximately 5.4% of the clinically used duodenoscopes remain contaminated with high-concern microorganisms. Thus, the Digestive Endoscopy
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Real-world effectiveness of full and booster mRNA vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 against disease severity during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases: A propensity score-matched cohort study using the nationwide registry data in Japan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Tetsuya Suzuki, Yusuke Asai, Shinya Tsuzuki, Hidetoshi Nomoto, Nobuaki Matsunaga, Eiichi N. Kodama, Kayoko Hayakawa, Norio Ohmagari
Background To date, few studies from the Asian region have reported the effectiveness of messenger ribonucleic acid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines against disease progression and death after hospitalization. Methods We evaluated the data from the COVID-19 registry in Japan during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases. A propensity score-matched cohort study was conducted between the
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Shift in risk factors for mortality by period of the bloodstream infection timeline J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Min Hyuk Choi, Dokyun Kim, Jihyun Kim, Young Goo Song, Seok Hoon Jeong
Background This study was designed to determine changes in risk factors on the prognosis of patients during each period of the bloodstream infection (BSI) timeline. Methods Through an integrated study of multivariable regressions with machine learning techniques, the risk factors for mortality during each period of BSI were analyzed. Results A total of 302,303 inpatients who underwent blood cultures
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Intranasal corticosteroids reduced acute rhinosinusitis in children with allergic rhinitis: A nested case–control study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Chia-ling Lin, Kuo-Huang Lee, Wan-Ting Huang, Ling-Chin Hsieh, Chuang-Ming Wang
Background Children with allergic rhinitis (AR) have substantially more acute rhinosinusitis than children without AR. We evaluated whether intranasal corticosteroids (INCS), second-generation antihistamines (SGH), and/or intranasal antihistamines (INH) for AR affect acute rhinosinusitis in children with AR aged 2–18 years. Methods By using the National Health Research Institutes Database 2005 of Taiwan
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FcγRIIB modulates splenic germinal center response against immune subversion during acute influenza A virus infection J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Yu-Hsuan Wu, Wan-Ting Chang, Chia-Lang Hsu, Yan-Fong Lu, Jann-Tay Wang, Shiang-Jong Tzeng
Background B cells are essential for providing humoral protection against acute influenza A virus (IAV) infection. FcγRIIB, a regulator of antibody (Ab) production, influences immune responses during pathogen infections, but its specific impact on humoral protection and B cell-mediated responses against IAV remains unclear. Methods To investigate FcγRIIB's role in host defense and B cell function during
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Liver dysfunction and clinical outcomes of unvaccinated COVID-19 patients with and without chronic hepatitis B J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Hao-Che Chang, Tung-Hung Su, Yu-Tsung Huang, Chun-Ming Hong, Wang-Huei Sheng, Po-Ren Hsueh, Jia-Horng Kao
Background Liver dysfunction is common during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), while its clinical impact and association with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain uncertain. We aimed to investigate liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients and its impacts on those with/without CHB. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients at National Taiwan University Hospital, stratified
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Early HIV Diagnosis Enhances Quality-Adjusted Life expectancy of Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV: A Population-based Cohort Study in Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Tung Lo, Chi-Tai Fang, Yu-Yao Lee, Chung-Ching Shih, Fang-Ying Chu, Jung-Der Wang
Background Whether early HIV diagnosis is beneficial for HIV patients themselves remains uncertain, given the stigma and social discrimination associated with an HIV diagnosis. This study aimed to measure the impact of early HIV diagnosis on quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) in comparison with late HIV diagnosis, from real-world data in Taiwan under universal access to antiretroviral therapy
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The role of treatment regimen and duration in treating patients with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease: a real-world experience and case-control study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ping-Huai Wang, Chin-Chung Shu, Chung-Yu Chen, Yu-Feng Wei, Shih-Lung Cheng
Purpose The treatment advantage of guideline-based therapy (GBT) in Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MAC-LD) is well-known. However, GBT is not always feasible. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship of treatment regimens and duration with outcomes. Materials and Methods This study screened patients with MAC-LD from Jan 2011 to Dec 2020 and enrolled those who received treatment
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Clinical and molecular predictors of mortality in patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia: a retrospective cohort study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Jin Woong Suh, Seung Min Park, Yong Kuk Ju, Kyung Sook Yang, Jeong Yeon Kim, Sun Bean Kim, Jang Wook Sohn, Young Kyung Yoon
Background /Purpose: To investigate the virulence profiles and identify clinical and microbiological predictors of mortality in patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bacteremia. Methods This retrospective cohort study enrolled adult patients with CRAB. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of 30-day mortality. All isolates were subjected to
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Diagnostic Performance and Clinical Impacts of Metagenomic Sequencing after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Chun-Hui Xu, Xin Chen, Guo-Qing Zhu, Hui-Ming Yi, Shu-Lian Chen, Teng Liu, Yue-Tian Yu, Qiu-Hui Zhang, Er-Lie Jiang, Si-Zhou Feng
Background Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) is a rapid, non-culture-based, high-throughput technique for pathogen diagnosis. Despite its numerous advantages, only a few studies have investigated its use in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 404 mNGS tests performed on 264 patients after allo-HSCT
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CRISPR/Cas13-Assisted Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Detection J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Yaling Cao, Yuan Tian, Jing Huang, Ling Xu, Zihao Fan, Zhenzhen Pan, Sisi Chen, Yao Gao, Linlin Wei, Sujun Zheng, Yanhua Yu, Xiangying Zhang, Feng Ren
Background /Purpose: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is capable of causing serious community and hospital-acquired infections. However, currently, the identification of CRKP is complex and inefficient. Hence, this study aimed to develop methods for the early and effective identification of CRKP to allow reasonable antimicrobial therapy in a timely manner. Methods Klebsiella pneumoniae
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The Association between Tocilizumab and the Secondary Bloodstream Infection Maybe Nonsignificant in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cohort Study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 De-En Lu, Tsong-Yih Ou, Jyun-Wei Kang, Jie Ywi Ong, I-Ju Chen, Chih-Hsin Lee, Ming-Chia Lee
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Multicenter Comparative Genomic Study of Klebsiella oxytoca Complex Reveals a Highly Antibiotic-Resistant Subspecies of Klebsiella michiganensis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Yi Li, Yun Wu, Dingding Li, Lijun Du, Lu Zhao, Rongxue Wang, Xinfei Chen, Xinmiao Jia, Ruirui Ma, Tong Wang, Jin Li, Ge Zhang, Xing Wang, Mengting Hu, Xingyu Chen, Xin Wang, Wei Kang, Hongli Sun, Yingchun Xu, Yali Liu
Background The Klebsiella oxytoca complex is an opportunistic pathogen that has been recently identified as an actual complex. However, the characteristics of each species remain largely unknown. We aimed to study the clinical prevalence, antimicrobial profiles, genetic differences, and interaction with the host of each species of this complex. Methods One hundred and three clinical isolates of the
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Risk Factors and Mortality of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection During the Omicron Era in Taiwan: a Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Yi-Hsuan Chen, Cheng-Yi Lee, Hao-Yuan Cheng, Chiu-Mei Chen, Yu-Neng Cheuh, Chia-Lin Lee, Hung-Wei Kuo
Background Prior to 2022, Taiwan had effectively contained the domestic COVID-19 epidemic. However, during 2022, the country experienced multiple large outbreaks of COVID-19, with patients experienced their first or second infection (reinfection) were both predominantly caused by the Omicron variant. Data are lacking on the risk factors and mortality of COVID-19 reinfection in Omicron era. Methods
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Shigellosis in Taiwan: an old enteric pathogen with changing epidemiology and increasing antimicrobial resistance J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Chin-Shiang Tsai, Jiun-Ling Wang, Ying-Shu Liao, Mizuho Fukushige, Chien-Shun Chiou, Wen-Chien Ko
While the incidence of shigellosis has decreased in developed nations due to improved living conditions and healthcare systems, it remains prevalent in economically developing regions. In recent years, a resurgence of shigellosis has been observed in the United States, Europe, and Taiwan, primarily among men having sex with men and people living with human immunodeficiency virus, along with a rise
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Genomic Epidemiology of Hypervirulent Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae at Jinshan Local Hospital, Shanghai, during 2014-2018 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Chao-Yi Guo, Ming-Quan Guo, Yi-Ting Wang, Shan-Shan Wang, Chao Lv, Min Li, Li-Kuang Chen, Xiao-Kui Guo, Gang Li, Ying-Hua Xu, Yong-Zhang Zhu
Background Hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (Hv-CRKP) triggered a significant public health challenge. This study explored the prevalence trends and key genetic characteristics of Hv-CRKP in one Shanghai suburbs hospital during 2014-2018. Methods During five years, Hv-CRKP strains identified from 2579 CRKP by specific PCR, were subjected to performed short- and long-read sequencing
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When a Neisseria meningitidis PCR limitation contributes to an immunological disease diagnosis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Claire Duployez, Caroline Loïez, Frédéric Wallet, Laure Marceau, Myriam Simon, Ala-Eddine Deghmane, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Anne Vachée
Abstract not available
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Microbiome of Limb-threatening Diabetic Foot Ulcers Indicates the Association of Fastidious Stenotrophomonas and Major Amputation J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-29 Shih-Yuan Hung, Yuan-Ming Yeh, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, David G. Armstrong, Cheng-Wei Lin, Hui-Mei Yang, Shu-Yu Huang, Yu-Yao Huang, Chung-Huei Huang
Background Proper identification of the polymicrobial microorganisms in patients with limb-threatening diabetic foot ulcers (LTDFUs) using conventional culture is insufficient. This prospective study evaluates the potential value of adjuvant molecular testing assisting in identify fastidious micro-organisms in LTDFUs compared to standard treatment alone. Methods Ninety patients with LTDFUs received
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Identification of pneumococcal serotypes with individual recognition of vaccine types by a highly multiplexed real-time PCR-based MeltArray approach J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-29 Shujuan Zhou, Jie Che, Xuran Wang, Yong Lin, Jianjun Niu, Weitong Liang, Li Xu, Maojun Zhang, Yiqun Liao, Zhujun Shao, Qingge Li
Background Pneumococcus serotyping is important for monitoring serotype epidemiology, vaccine-induced serotypes replacement and emerging pathogenic serotypes. However, the lack of high-resolution serotyping tools has hindered its widespread implementation. Methods We devised a single-step, multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based MeltArray approach termed PneumoSero that can identify
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Clinical features and virologic lineages of COVID-19-associated encephalitis in Taiwanese children during early epidemic wave of omicron in 2022: Report from a medical center J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-29 Yi-Jung Chang, Chung-Guei Huang, Shian-Sen Shie, Jainn-Jim Lin, Chih-Jung Chen
Background A surge of encephalitis was reported in children during the early wave of the omicron epidemic in Taiwan. Information on the COVID-19-associated encephalitis, including epidemiologic features and factors of unfavorable outcomes, remained unclear. Methods A total of 128 hospitalized Taiwanese children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled between April 01, 2022, and May 31, 2022
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The stability and immunogenicity of formalin-inactivated Enterovirus A71 whole virion vaccine after ten years of low temperature storage J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Yu-Sheng Shen, Yen-Hung Chow, Chih-Yeu Fang, Shang-Rung Wu, Chi-Hsun Chen, Ming-Hsi Huang, Ching-Len Liao, Jen-Ron Chiang, Chia-Chyi Liu
Background Vaccine stability is an important issue for vaccine development, which affects whether the vaccine product is effective within a certain period of time in each progress. Hand, foot, and mouth diseases (HFMD) is an epidemic disease in young children usually caused by Enterovirus A group viruses, and the Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) had caused several pandemics and public health issues around
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Corrigendum to <‘Efficacy and safety of anti-interleukin-5 therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials’>[J Microbiol Immunol Infect 55 (1) (2022) 26–35] J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Shao-Huan Lan, Chih-Cheng Lai, Shen-Peng Chang, Chun-Chun Hsu, Cheng-Hsin Chen, Ya-Hui Wang, Yueh Lan Huang, Cheng-Yi Wang, You-Shuei Lin
Abstract not available
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Heterologous booster vaccines reduce severity and mortality in COVID-19 during BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 omicron predominance in Thailand J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Kannikar Intawong, Suwat Chariyalertsak, Kittipan Chalom, Thanachol Wonghirundecha, Woravut Kowatcharakul, Aksara Thongprachum, Narain Chotirosniramit, Kajohnsak Noppakun, Krit Khwanngern, Worachet Teacharak, Prapon Piamanant, Pimpinan Khammawan, Sopon Iamsirithaworng
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved quickly, with variants of concern resulting in the need to offer booster vaccinations. Unfortunately, the booster uptake has been slow and vaccine response has shown to wane over time. Therefore, it's critical to evaluate the role of vaccinations on outcomes with newer sub-lineages of omicron. Methods Utilising a Hospital Information System established in
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Corrigendum to Evolution of estimated glomerular filtration rate in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients who received direct-acting antivirals: A multicenter retrospective study [J Microbiol Immunol Infect 56 (2023) 718–728] J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 Ching-Yen Tsai, Guan-Jhou Chen, Chin-Shiang Tsai, Bo-Huang Liou, Chia-Jui Yang, Hung-Chin Tsai, Chi-Ying Lin, Sung-Hsi Huang, Kuan-Yin Lin, Ning-Chi Wang, Tun-Chieh Chen, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Chien-Ching Hung
Abstract not available
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Rapid detection of gastrointestinal pathogens using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction gastrointestinal panel and its role in antimicrobial stewardship J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-14 Chih-Hao Chen, Yan-Yi Low, Yu-Hsuan Liu, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Mao-Wang Ho, Po-Ren Hsueh
Objectives The FilmArray gastrointestinal panel (FAGIP) is widely used to detect infectious diarrhoea due to its outstanding sensitivity compared to conventional methods, but there is geographic variation, such as in the distribution of pathogens, among populations. Methods This was a retrospective study that analysed patients with acute diarrhoea who underwent FAGIP tests from all age groups during
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Incremental yield of serial sputum examinations in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Taiwan: Findings of a pragmatic trial J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Chen-Yuan Chiang, Chih-Bin Lin, Shun-Tien Chien, Cheng-Hui Wang, Yi-Wen Huang, Wei-Chang Huang, Ming-Chih Yu, Jen-Jyh Lee, Hans L. Rieder
Background Presumptive tuberculosis (TB) cases commonly had two to three sputum examinations in Taiwan. The incremental yield of serial sputum examinations has not been assessed before. Methods In a pragmatic trial, presumptive TB patients with a frontline nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) were classified as group A. Those without a frontline NAAT were randomized into group B frontline NAAT as
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Combination treatment of persistent COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients with remdesivir, nirmaltrevir/ritonavir and tixegavimab/cilgavimab J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Tal Brosh-Nissimov, Nir Ma'aravi, Daniel Leshin-Carmel, Yonatan Edel, Sharon Ben Barouch, Yafit Segman, Amos Cahan, Erez Barenboim
We present a retrospective study on the treatment outcomes of severely immunocompromised patients with persistent COVID-19. The study analyzed data from 14 patients who received a combination of tixegavimab/cilgavimab and antiviral medications. Response was evaluated based on symptom improvement, PCR cycle-threshold values, and C-reactive protein levels. Eleven patients achieved complete clinical and
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Assessing the cardiovascular events and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 on patients with primary aldosteronism J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Vin-Cent Wu, Jui-Yi Chen, Yen-Hung Lin, Cheng-Yi Wang, Chih-Cheng Lai
Background Primary Aldosteronism (PA) is a common subtype of hypertension that increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular and kidney events. The impact of COVID-19 on patients with PA is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on patients with PA and compare their outcomes with hypertensive patients with essential hypertension. Methods A cohort study was conducted
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Angiotensin-(1–7) attenuates SARS-CoV2 spike protein-induced interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 production in alveolar epithelial cells through activation of Mas receptor J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Yi-Luen Shen, Yi-An Hsieh, Po-Wei Hu, Po-Chun Lo, Yi-Han Hsiao, Hsin-Kuo Ko, Fang-Chi Lin, Chien-Wen Huang, Kang-Cheng Su, Diahn-Warng Perng
Background SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (SP) can bind to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiC) and trigger an inflammatory process. Angiotensin-(1–7) may have an anti-inflammatory effect through activation of Mas receptor. This study aims to investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 SP can induce inflammation through ACE2 in the alveolar epithelial
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Survival benefit of a third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine among hemodialysis patients: A prospective cohort study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Tz-Heng Chen, Yang Ho, Hsin-Ling Tai, Yuan-Chia Chu, Yao-Ping Lin, Chih-Yu Yang, Wei-Cheng Tseng, Shuo-Ming Ou, Ming-Tsun Tsai, Jinn-Yang Chen, Tsai-Hung Wu, Kuo-Hua Lee, Fan-Yu Chen, Szu-Yuan Li, Chih-Ching Lin, Der-Cherng Tarng
Background Hemodialysis (HD) patients are particularly vulnerable to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to their immunocompromised state and comorbid conditions. Timely vaccination could be the most effective strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, data on the survival benefit of the COVID-19 vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection
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Assessing the utilization of antimicrobial agents in pediatric pneumonia during the era of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: A retrospective, single-center study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Leng Lin, Hsin Chi, Nan-Chang Chiu, Ching-Ying Huang, Jin-Yuan Wang, Daniel Tsung-Ning Huang
Background and purpose Pneumonia and bronchopneumonia are the most common infectious diseases in children. This study aimed to analyze changes in causative pathogens and antibiotic use for bronchopneumonia or pneumonia after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in children. Methods This retrospective study was conducted from 2009 to 2019. Hospitalized children aged
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Age and prior vaccination determine the antibody level in children with primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Pin-Chen Huang, Ting-Yu Lin, Chih-Chia Chen, Shih-Wei Wang, Bo-Yang Tsai, Pei-Jane Tsai, Yi-Fang Tu, Wen-Chien Ko, Chao-Min Cheng, Chi-Chang Shieh, Ching-Chuan Liu, Ching-Fen Shen
Background Protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection relies on immunity generated after primary infection. However, humoral immunity following primary infection with the Omicron variant is not well understood. Methods We prospectively recruited children <19 years with virologically-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at National Cheng Kung University Hospital
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Assessment of the performance regarding confirmatory diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy under a modified national HIV testing algorithm and pay-for-performance program in Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Yen-Fang Huang, Li-Chern Pan, Jyh-Yuan Yang, Yu-Hsin Liao, Hsin-Jou Su, Nai-Hwa Mei, Shiou-Pin Lin, Jen-Hsiu Shen, Yi-Chen Tsai
Background A pay-for-performance plan for rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) commencement was initiated in 2018, while a modified testing algorithm offers immunochromatographic test (ICT) to replace Western blot (WB), and simultaneous testing with ICT and Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) for HIV-positive sera was adopted in 2019 in Taiwan. Methods Serum specimens collected from 1117 suspected
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Investigation of a COVID-19 cluster involving vertical transmission in a residential building, Taiwan, 2021 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 7.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 Hsin-Yi Wei, Cheng-Ping Chang, Ming-Tsan Liu, Jung-Jung Mu, Chia-ping Su
We investigated a COVID-19 cluster involved seven case-patients lived in a high-rise building in September 2021. We used a simplified tracer gas experiment and virus sequencing to establish the link between case-patients. Vertical transmission among vertically aligned apartments on different floors in a building was the most likely route of transmission.