Abstract Anthraquinone derivatives are identified for their immune-boosting, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral efficacy. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the reported anthraquinone derivatives as immune booster molecules in COVID-19 infection and evaluate their binding affinity with three reported targets of novel coronavirus i.e. 3C-like protease, papain-like protease, and spike protein

From an aqueous extract of “tian ma” (the steamed and dried rhizomes of Gastrodia elata), ten new compounds gastrodibenzins A−D (1−4) and gastrotribenzins A−F (5−10), along with known analogues (11−20), having structure features coupling between two and three p-hydroxybenzyl-derived units via carbon- and/or ether-bonds, were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic data analysis. Meanwhile, the

Arthrinins E–G (1–3), three new sesquiterpenoids possessing non-isoprenoid botryane skeleton, were isolated from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus named Arthrinium sp. HS66 which colonized in the stems of Isodon xerophilus. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the structure of 1 was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray diffraction, while those of 2 and

Abstract A cocrystal of diosgenin with piperazine in 2:1 stoichiometry was successfully synthesized. The solid form was prepared by liquid assisted grinding, slurry and crystallization methods. The cocrystal was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and structure determined by single crystal

Abstract Mangiferin is a compound with many pharmacological activities and exists in many natural products. Anhydrous and hydrate of mangiferin have been reported separately in two literatures, but the polymorphism of this compound has not been realized until this paper. In this study, polymorph screening of mangiferin has been carried out and five forms have been obtained including three new forms

Abstract Four new sesquiterpenoids, artemyrianins A–D (1–4), and three new norlignans, artemyrianins E–G (5–7), together with five known compounds (8–12), were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia myriantha (Asteraceae). The new compounds were established by spectroscopic data analyses (HRMS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR), and their absolute configurations were confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction

Abstract Two new sesquiterpenoids, artemlavanins A (1) and B (3), together with fifteen known compounds (2 and 4−17) were isolated from the EtOH extract of Artemisia lavandulaefolia. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses (HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR) and ECD calculations. Compound 1 was a sesquiterpenoid lactone possessing a rearranged eudesmane skeleton; compounds

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) emerged in the back of December 2019 and proliferated rapidly across the globe. Scientists are attempting to investigate antivirals specific to COVID-19 treatment. The 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV utilize the same receptor of the host which is COVID-19 of the main protease (Mpro).COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is burdensome to overcome by presently acquired antiviral candidates

In the original publication of this article, we found an error under the section “Introduction”. The first sentence of the fourth paragraph appears incorrectly. The corrected sentence is given below. Eriocalyxin B, isolated and identified in 1982 [1], is the major component in Chinese plant Isodon eriocalyx (Dunn.) Hara (family Lamiaceae) showing many pharmacological activities, such as inhibiting

New coronavirus referred to SARS-CoV-2 has caused a worldwide pandemic (COVID-19) declared by WHO. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease with severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is akin to SARS-CoV, which was the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 as well as to that of Middle East respiratory syndrome

Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., an evergreen tropical plant rich in indole alkaloids with significant physiological activity, is traditionally used to treat respiratory diseases in China. This study was conducted to establish the toxicity profile of the alkaloid extract (TA) of A. scholaris leaves in non-rodents. After oral administration of a single dose (4 g/kg.bw), a number of transient symptoms

Abstract Melodinus henryi is a good source of terpenoid indole alkaloids, and traditionally used as a folk medicine in the treatment of meningitis and fracture. In order to further exploit their potential uses, its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities, safety evaluations and chemical profiles have been illustrated. Compared to the crude methanol extract from M. henryi and its non-alkaloidal

Abstract The methanol extract form the leaves of Phytolacca icosandra L., afforded the unprecedented artificial triterpenoid fatty acid ester 1 derived from the new natural triterpenoid phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-myristate (1a), along with the three known triterpenoids serjanic, acinosolic and phytolaccagenic acid (2 – 4). Their structures were stablished by HR-EI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. The possible

Abstract Adamantane polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) with caged architecture, a special class of hybrid natural products, is specifically rich in the plant family Guttiferae, especially Hypericum or Garcinia genus. Hypersampsone P is one of Adamantane PPAPs compounds extracted from Hypericum subsessile. Here we have chosen, screened ten PPAPs and identified one of them showed an

Betulin (BE) has exceedingly become a potential natural product, providing multiple pharmacological and biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory benefits. Previous research indicated that the solvatomorphism of BE can easily occur through crystallization with different organic solvents. This property of BE can directly affect its extraction, isolation, and preparation

Carotenoids are the phytochemicals known for their biological activities. They are found in nature in the form of plants, algae, fungi and in microorganisms. This is the major group having two different structure one with oxygen and without oxygen. The Present article aims to present these molecules as a new therapeutic agent, as it has unrealized efficiency to prevent and reduce the symptoms of many

Abstract Ten cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides, including five new compounds named charantosides H (1), J (2), K (3), momorcharacoside A (4), goyaglycoside-l (5), and five known compounds (6–10), were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Momordica charantia fruits. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic analyses. Configurations of new

Abstract Indole alkaloids extract (IAAS) was prepared from leaves of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., an evergreen tropical plant widely distributed throughout the world. This plant has been used historically by the Dai ethnic people of China to treat respiratory diseases. This study evaluated the genotoxicity and safety pharmacology of IAAS to support clinical use. The bacterial reverse mutation (Ames)

Abstract Eriocalyxin B, an ent-Kaurene diterpenoid extracted from a traditional Chinese herb Isodon eriocalyx, has been shown to possess multifunctional activities such as anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory. However, the function and mechanism of the compound in adipocyte differentiation is still unknown. Here we reported that eriocalyxin B blunted adipogenesis remarkably by inhibiting the accumulation

Abstract Salvianolic acid A (Sal A), a water-soluble ingredient in Danshen, has various biological activities. Sal A and its impurities have similar physical and chemical properties, as well as strong reducibility; therefore, they are difficult to prepare and purify. In this study, high-purity Sal A was obtained by purification of sephadex chromatography and preparative chromatography. Furthermore

Abstract Both Aconitum hemsleyanum and Aconitum geniculatun have abundant contents of yunaconitine (1). Yunaconitine (1) has similar skeleton to crassicauline A (3); the only difference between them is that 1 contains a α-hydroxyl group at C-3. Our team attempts to convert 1 into 3 because 3 owns pharmacological activity. There are two steps to achieve the transformation above: firstly, use dehydration

A new irlactane-type, namely irlactin K (1), and 22 tremulane-type sesquiterpenes including fourteen previously undescribed ones, namely irpexolactins A–N (2–15), and a known irlactane-type sesquiterpenoid, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the medicinal fungus Irpex lacteus HFG1102. The structures of all the isolates were characterized by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and

Abstract Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Apocynaceae) is an evergreen tree that has been used to treat lung diseases. In this study, the toxicity profile of indole alkaloids from leaves of A. scholaris was investigated. In acute toxicity tests, mice were administered total alkaloids (TA) and five indole alkaloids. In a chronic toxicity test, rats were continuously administered TA (50, 100, and 300 mg/kg bw)

Fourteen unprecedented artificial Erythrina alkaloids were isolated from the Erythrina variegata, E. crista-galli and E. arborescens (Fabaceae). The structures of these alkaloids were determined by spectroscopic analyses. Their possible formations were proposed. All isolated compounds showed no cytotoxicity and hypoglycemic activity at cell screening bioassay.

Abstract One previously undescribed angeloylated noreudesmane sesquiterpenoid, dobinin O (1), along with four known eudesmane sesquiterpenoids (2–5) were isolated from the peeled roots of Dobinea delavayi. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analyses. In addition, compound 1 exhibited moderate antimalarial activity against Plasmodium yoelii BY265RFP with the inhibition

Four new alkaloids, ficuhismines A-D (1-4), together with three known ones, were isolated from Ficus hispida. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical method. The new compounds represent the first amine alkaloids with a rhamnosyl moiety (1-2) or with a N-oxide motif (2-4) from the genus Ficus. Compound 2 showed potent inhibitory effect in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway

Abstract New bioactive 13-epi-neoverrucosane diterpenoid, 5β-acetoxy-13-epi-neoverrucosanic acid (1) along with three known secondary metabolites, 13-epi-neoverrucosan-5β-ol (2), chelodane (3) and (E)-β-farnesene (4) were isolated from the MeOH extract of east Malaysia’s liverwort Pleurozia subinflata. The chemical structure of new compound was elucidated by the analyses of its spectroscopic data (FTIR

Abstract Natural products are the important source for the discovery of more potent anti-HIV agents. In this study, six daphnane diterpenoids including three unreported structures were isolated from Trigonostemon lii, which showed significant activities against HIV-1 strains replication in the nanomolar/picomolar range. Meanwhile, these diterpenoids significantly inhibited the fusion of H9/HIV-1 IIIB

A series of dearomatized isoprenylated acylphloroglucinols derivatives, hyperhenols A–E (1–5), as well as seven known analogues (6–12), were characterized from Hypericum henryi. Their structures were determined by combination of NMR, ECD spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1 and 6–8 were tested to exhibit potential antitumor properties, of which 6 and 7 inhibited cell growth through

Abstract Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis (Gou-Teng), the dried hook-bearing stems of several Uncaria plants (Rubiaceae), is a well-known herbal medicine in China. The clinical application of Gou-Teng is bewildered for the morphological and chemical similarity between different species. In order to discern their chemical and biological difference, an ultra-fast liquid chromatography equipped with ion trap

Abstract Eight new triterpenoids were isolated from Ainsliaea latifolia. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS and NMR data. Compounds 4–6 are identified as rare trinorcucurbitane or tetranorcucurbitane triterpenoids. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were confirmed by Snatzke’s method. All compounds were evaluated

Nine new gastrodin derivatives, including seven p-hydroxybenzyl-modified gastrodin ethers (1-7), 6'-O-acetylgastrodin (8), and 4-[α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 →6)-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]benzyl alcohol (9), together with seven known derivatives, were isolated from an aqueous extract of Gastrodia elata ("tian ma") rhizomes. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods as well as single

Phytochemical studies on MeOH extract of stems of Euphorbia griffithii led to the isolation of one new hydrolyzable tannin dimer, corilagiffithiin (1) and one new galloyl-glucoside (2), alongside six known ones (3-8). Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by in depth spectroscopic analyses and comparison of their 1D NMR and MS data with literature reported values. Configurations

An endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora isolated from the fruits of Manilkara zapota was cultured in potato dextrose broth media. Chromatographic separation of the EtOAc extract of the broth and mycelium led to the isolation of a new azaphilonoid named pitholide E (1), in addition to previously identified pitholide B (2), pitholide D (3), pestalotin (LL-P880α) (4), PC-2 (5), LL-P880β (6), tyrosol

Diterpenoid alkaloids have neroprotective activity. Herein, three napelline-type diterpenoid alkaloids 1-3, two aconitine-type diterpenoid alkaloids 4-5, and one isoquinline-type alkaloid 6, as well as one lignan glycoside 7, have been isolated from the roots of Aconitum pendulum Busch. Compounds 1 and 7 were new compounds, and their chemical structures were determined on the basis of nuclear magnetic

Two hitherto unknown iboga-type indole alkaloids, namely (3R)-7,19-di-epi-3-methoxytabernoxidine (1) and (3R,19R)-19-hydroxy-3-(2-oxopropyl)voacangine (2), together with eight known alkaloids (3-10), were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and

Terminalia Linn, a genus of mostly medium or large trees in the family Combretaceae with about 250 species in the world, is distributed mainly in southern Asia, Himalayas, Madagascar, Australia, and the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. Many species are used widely in many traditional medicinal systems, e.g., traditional Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine, and Indian Ayurvedic medicine practices

Aqueous ethanol extracts of powdered stems of Dendrobium loddigesii afforded three new phenolics including threo-7-O-ethyl-9-O-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl-guaiacylglycerol (1), (R)-4,5,4'-trihydroxy-3,3',α-trimethoxybibenzyl (2) and (S)-5,5',7-trihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavanone (3), together with eleven known analogues. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis. To identify

Obesity has been identified with an expanded danger of a progression of illnesses that include different organ-frameworks of the body. In the present examination, we evaluated the hypolipidemic properties of Echinochrome (Ech) pigment in a high-fat diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemia in rats. After the hyperlipidemic model was set up, rats were haphazardly separated into five groups as follows: normal

Leishmaniases and chronic inflammatory diseases are the cause of millions of deaths in the world each year. The treatment of leishmaniasis is facing serious drawbacks particularly due to the limited number of effective medicines, the resistance, and the toxicity of available drugs. On the other hand, many drugs are used for the management of inflammatory disorders. However, the most commonly prescribed

Massive pro-inflammatory cytokines production has been correlated with the pathogenesis of severe dengue disease. The active compound of mangosteen fruit pericarps, α-mangostin, has been commonly used as traditional medicine and dietary supplement. We examined the effect of α-mangostin against dengue virus (DENV) infection in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by the measurement of virus

Aurantiadioic acids A (1) and B (2), two new furan-containing polyketides, and aurantoic acid A (3), a new natural product, were isolated from the liquid fermentation of the sika deer dung-derived actinomycete Actinocorallia aurantiaca. The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D & 2D NMR, HRESIMS spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration

In the original publication the corresponding author appeared incorrectly as Xin-Wen Zhang. The corrected text is given below: The corresponding author of the article is Gang Xu.

Cosmetology is the developing branch of science, having direct impact on the society. The cosmetic sector is interested in finding novel biological alternatives which can enhance the product attributes as well as it can substitute chemical compounds. Many of the compounds are having biological origin and are acquire from bacteria, fungi, and algae. A range of biological compounds, like bio-surfactant

To enrich the bioactive cycloartane triterpenoid glycoside named actein and find out more cytotoxic cycloartane triterpenes, a phytochemical study of Cimicifuga foetida was conducted. 113 g (0.17%) actein was purified by recrystallization while eight cycloartane-type triterpenes (1-8) were isolated from the mother liquid. The chemical structures of new compounds (1-4) were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR

Gastrodia elata is a famous traditional Chinese herb with medicinal and edible application. In this study, three new polybenzyls, gastropolybenzylols G-I (1-3) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of G. elata. Their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses involving HRESIMS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR. Compound 1 showed agonistic effects on MT1 and MT2 receptors with agonistic rates

Ayahuasca (caapi, yajé), is a psychoactive brew from the Amazon Basin region of South America traditionally considered a "master plant." It is prepared as a decoction from Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis, which it is thought that it stimulates creative thinking and visual creativity. Native healers of the Orinoco and Amazon basins have used traditionally ayahuasca as a healing tool for

Four new protopanaxatriol-type triterpenes (1-2) and glucosides (3-4), were isolated from the rot roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) Chen, along with four known ones (5-8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis (HRESIMS, NMR, UV, IR, and OR) and acidic hydrolysis. The possible transformation pathway of these compounds were also speculated from ginsenoside

Oligostilbenes have attracted much interest due to their intricate structures and diverse bioactivities. In this study, two stilbene dimers, (-)-7,8-cis-ε-viniferin (1) and carasiphenol A (2), and two trimers, suffruticosol A (3) and suffruticosol C (4), were investigated by electrospray ionization ion-trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-TOF-MSn). Based on the MSn study, the fragmentation

Six new polyphenols with different isoprenylated xanthones, isoprenylated acylphloroglucinols, and chromone architectures, hyperfaberols A-F (1-6), were isolated from the whole plants of Hypericum faberi along with seven other related known compounds. In which hyperfaberols A/B (1/2) and 12-13 were isoprenylated xanthones, hyperfaberols C-E (3-5) and 8-11 were seven isoprenylated acylphloroglucinol

Two new amides (E)-N-cinnamoyl-2-methoxypiperidine (1) and (R)-1-(2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)-5,6-dihydropyridin-2(1H)-one (2), four new amide glucosides, retrofractosides A-D (3-6), and two new phenylpropanoid glucosides, retrofractosides E (7) and F (8), together with 24 known compounds (9-32) were isolated from the fruits of Piper retrofractum. The chemical structures of these new compounds were elucidated

We aimed at reporting the chemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of Leea aequata L., a traditional folk medicine used in Myanmar for the treatment of wounds and skin diseases. A new neolignan, (7S,8R)-9'-O-acetylcedrusin (1), a new lactam, (3S,4S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxypiperidin-2-one (2), along with 21 known compounds, including five lignans (3-7), four flavonoid glycosides (8-11), and others

Mentha haplocalyx (Mentha canadensis) is widely used as a medicinal plant in traditional Chinese medicine, and the extracts of its aerial parts are found to significantly inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 21.0 μg/mL. Bioactivity-guided isolation of the extracts afforded two new compounds (1 and 2), together with 23 known ones (3-25). Their structures were established by extensive

Two new C21 steroidal glycosides, paniculatumosides H and I, together with four known ones were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.) Kitag. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. All compounds were subjected to detect the anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activities and their cytotoxities against three human tumor cell

Four new rearranged 6/6/5/6-fused lanostane-type triterpenoids, kadcoccitanes A-D (1-4), were isolated from the roots of Kadsura coccinea, and their structures were mainly elucidated by comprehensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Additionally, the structure of 1 was ambiguously verified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, while the structure of 2, which features a novel 8,16-epoxy motif, was

The Himalayan region is the treasure house of natural wealth, particularly of medicinal and aromatic plants. These plants are used by the Indian traditional healers for the past many centuries to treat various ailments such as skin disorders, asthma, diabetes, snake bite, fever, pain, eye diseases, diarrhoea, indigestion, jaundice, burn, wound, liver disorder, CNS disorders and urinary tract infection

A sensitive and rapid high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of ten steroid hormones, including estrogens, androgens, progesterones, and corticosteroids four classes of steroids. The following ten steroid hormones were analyzed: progesterone, 21-deoxycortisol, estrone, 4-androstenedione, testosterone, dihydro-testosterone

Over the past 30 years, the genus Solanum has received considerable attention in chemical and biological studies. Solanum is the largest genus in the family Solanaceae, comprising of about 2000 species distributed in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Australia, and parts of Asia, e.g., China, India and Japan. Many of them are economically significant species. Previous phytochemical investigations

Four hitherto unknown aristolane-type sesquiterpenes, including one novel 8,9-secoaristolane, namely secoaristolenedioic acid (1), two aristolone derivatives, namely 1α,2β-dihydroxyaristolone (2), 9-epidebilon (3), and one rare aristolane-chalcone hybrid, namely 3'-hydroxynardoaristolone A (4) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots and rhizomes of Nardostachys chinensis. Their structures

The flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum, i.e. Ye-ju-hua recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, has been widely used in China as an important heat-clearing and detoxifying herb for the treatment of inflammation, headache, and vertigo. A phytochemical investigation of this herb has led to the isolation of two new eudesmane sesquiterpenoids, 7-epi-eudesm-4(15),11(13)-diene-1β,3β-diol (1) and 7-epi-1β-hydroxy-β-eudesmol