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Molecular mechanisms of action of trypanocidal and leishmanicidal drugs with focus on novel chemotherapeutic strategies: creation of a Brazilian multicentre working group. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-05-06 Rubem Figueiredo Sadok Menna-Barreto,André Luis Souza Dos Santos
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Callitrichine gammaherpesvirus 3 and Human alphaherpesvirus 1 in New World Primate negative for yellow fever virus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-11 Flávia Freitas de Oliveira Bonfim,Maria Angélica Monteiro de Mello Mares-Guia,Marco Aurélio Horta,Marcia Chame,Amanda de Oliveira Lopes,Rafael Santos,Carlos Alexandre Rey Matias,Marcelo Alves Pinto,Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis,Vanessa Salete de Paula
BACKGROUND Herpesvirus transmission between humans and non-human primate (NHP) can occur through contact scratches with lesions, infected saliva, and mainly through contaminated food. Therefore, cross-infection can lead to severe illness or even death for both the animal and human. In 2017, during the yellow fever (YF) outbreak in Brazil, species of the New World Primates (NWP) from Rio de Janeiro
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Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-08 Carmen Phang Romero,Rodolfo Castro,Pedro Emmanuel A do Brasil,Daniella R Pereira,Roberta Olmo Pinheiro,Cristiana M Toscano,Maria Regina Fernandes de Oliveira
BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease, still endemic in many countries that may lead to neurological, ophthalmic, and motor sequelae if not treated early. Access to timely diagnosis and multidrug therapy (MDT) remains a crucial element in the World Health Organization's strategy to eliminate the disease as a public health problem. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aims to evaluate the
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Mapping Yellow fever epidemics as a potential indicator of the historical range of Aedes aegypti in the United States. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-06 Nicole S Fijman,Donald A Yee
BACKGROUND Yellow fever (YF) plagued the United States from the 1690s until 1905, resulting in thousands of deaths. Within the US, Aedes aegypti is the only YF vector and almost no data exists for the location of this species prior to the early 1900s. OBJECTIVES To determine the historical range of Ae. aegypti we examined the occurrence of YF epidemics across time and space. We hypothesized that historically
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Host cholesterol influences the activity of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors in Leishmania amazonensis. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-04-04 Valter Viana Andrade-Neto,Pedro Paulo de Abreu Manso,Miria Gomes Pereira,Nuccia Nicole Theodoro de Cicco,Georgia Corrêa Atella,Marcelo Pelajo-Machado,Rubem Figueiredo Sadok Menna-Barreto,Eduardo Caio Torres-Santos
A significant percentage of exogenous cholesterol was found in promastigotes and amastigotes of all studied species of Leishmania, suggesting a biological role for this molecule. Previous studies have shown that promastigotes of Leishmania uptake more low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles under pharmacological pressure and are more susceptible to ergosterol inhibition in the absence of exogenous
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Natural compounds based chemotherapeutic against Chagas disease and leishmaniasis: mitochondrion as a strategic target. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-30 Danielle Lazarin-Bidóia,Francielle Pelegrin Garcia,Tânia Ueda-Nakamura,Sueli de Oliveira Silva,Celso Vataru Nakamura
Over the past years, natural products have been explored in order to find biological active substances to treat various diseases. Regarding their potential action against parasites such as trypanosomatids, specially Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., much advance has been achieved. Extracts and purified molecules of several species from genera Piper, Tanacetum, Porophyllum, and Copaifera have been
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Proteolytic inhibitors as alternative medicines to treat trypanosomatid-caused diseases: experience with calpain inhibitors. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 Vítor Ennes-Vidal,André Luis Souza Dos Santos,Marta Helena Branquinha,Claudia Masini d'Avila-Levy
The treatment for tropical neglected diseases, such as Chagas disease (CD) and leishmaniasis, is extremely limited to a handful of drugs that suffer from unacceptable toxicity, tough administration routes, like parenteral, and increasing treatment failures due to the parasite resistance. Consequently, there is urgency for the development of new therapeutic options to treat such diseases. Since peptidases
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Multi-therapeutic strategy targeting parasite and inflammation-related alterations to improve prognosis of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy: a hypothesis-based approach. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-23 Joseli Lannes-Vieira
Chagas disease (CD), caused by infection by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, presents as main clinical manifestation the chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC). CCC afflicts millions of people, mostly in Latin America, and vaccine and effective therapy are still lacking. Comprehension of the host/parasite interplay in the chronic phase of T. cruzi infection may unveil targets for rational trait-based
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Antileishmanial metallodrugs and the elucidation of new drug targets linked to post-translational modifications machinery: pitfalls and progress. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-23 Rubens Lima do Monte Neto,Paulo Otávio Lourenço Moreira,Alessandra Mara de Sousa,Miguel Antonio do Nascimento Garcia,Suellen Rodrigues Maran,Nilmar Silvio Moretti
Despite the increasing number of manuscripts describing potential alternative antileishmanial compounds, little is advancing on translating these knowledges to new products to treat leishmaniasis. This is in part due to the lack of standardisations during pre-clinical drug discovery stage and also depends on the alignment of goals among universities/research centers, government and pharmaceutical industry
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Translational research in Chagas disease: perspectives in nutritional therapy emerging from selenium supplementation studies as a complementary treatment. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-21 Tania C de Araujo-Jorge,Roberto R Ferreira
Translational research (TR) is an interdisciplinary branch of the biomedical field that seeks to connect its three supporting pillars: basic research on the bench, the hospital beds and other health system services, and the delivery of products for the well-being and health of the community. Here, we review the five transition stages of the TR spectrum, registering the lessons learned during > 20 years
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Repositioning drug strategy against Trypanosoma cruzi: lessons learned from HIV aspartyl peptidase inhibitors. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-16 Leandro Stefano Sangenito,Claudia Masini d'Avila-Levy,Marta Helena Branquinha,André Luis Souza Dos Santos
Chagas disease (CD) is an old neglected problem that affects more than 6 million people through 21 endemic countries in Latin America. Despite being responsible for more than 12 thousand deaths per year, the disease disposes basically of two drugs for its treatment, the nitroimidazole benznidazole and the nitrofuran nifurtimox. However, these drugs have innumerous limitations that greatly reduce the
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Computational approaches towards the discovery and optimisation of cruzain inhibitors. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-16 Viviane Corrêa Santos,Rafaela Salgado Ferreira
The need to develop safer and more efficacious drugs to treat Chagas disease has motivated the search for cruzain inhibitors. Cruzain is the recombinant, truncated version of cruzipain, a cysteine protease from Trypanosoma cruzi with important roles during the parasite life cycle. Several computational techniques have been applied to discover and optimise cruzain inhibitors, providing a molecular basis
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Perspectives for a new drug candidate for Chagas disease therapy. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-14 Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro
Chagas disease (CD), a neglected tropical illness caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, affects more than 6 million people mostly in poor areas of Latin America. CD has two phases: an acute, short phase mainly oligosymptomatic followed to the chronic phase, a long-lasting stage that may trigger cardiac and/or digestive disorders and death. Only two old drugs are available and both present low
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Past and future of trypanosomatids high-throughput phenotypic screening. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-03-11 Rafael Ferreira Dantas,Eduardo Caio Torres-Santos,Floriano Paes Silva
Diseases caused by trypanosomatid parasites affect millions of people mainly living in developing countries. Novel drugs are highly needed since there are no vaccines and available treatment has several limitations, such as resistance, low efficacy, and high toxicity. The drug discovery process is often analogous to finding a needle in the haystack. In the last decades a so-called rational drug design
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Antioxidant defence system as a rational target for Chagas disease and Leishmaniasis chemotherapy. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-28 Ana Maria Murta Santi,Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta
Chagas disease and leishmaniasis are neglected tropical diseases caused by the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., respectively. They are among the most important parasitic diseases, affecting millions of people worldwide, being a considerable global challenge. However, there is no human vaccine available against T. cruzi and Leishmania infections, and their control is based
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Transforming growth factor-ß as a therapeutic target for the cardiac damage of Chagas disease. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-25 Mariana Caldas Waghabi,Roberto Rodrigues Ferreira,Rayane da Silva Abreu,Wim Degrave,Elen Mello de Souza,Sabine Bailly,Jean-Jacques Feige,Tania C de Araújo-Jorge
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is deeply involved on the pathogenesis of Chagas disease. Our group has been investigating the participation of this pleiotropic cytokine in different aspects of Chagas disease over the last 20 years. Important observations have been made, such as: (i) the ability of Trypanosoma cruzi in activating latent TGF-β; (ii) the potential involvement of TGF-β pathway
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Is the mitochondrion a promising drug target in trypanosomatids? Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-21 Yasmin Pedra-Rezende,Ana Cristina Souza Bombaça,Rubem Figueiredo Sadok Menna-Barreto
The trypanosomatids Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. are etiological agents of important neglected tropical diseases, affecting millions of people worldwide, and the drugs available for these diseases present several limitations. Novel efficient and nontoxic drugs are necessary as an alternative to the current chemotherapy. The unique mitochondrion of trypanosomatids and its
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Giardiasis in urban and rural Amazonas, Brazil is driven by zoonotic and cosmopolitan A and B assemblages. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Lisiane Lappe Dos Reis,Túllio Romão Ribeiro da Silva,Francisco Carlos de Oliveira Braga,Naara Macedo do Nascimento,Katia Maria Lima de Menezes,Alessandra Ferreira Dales Nava,Natália Aparecida de Souza Lima,Ana Carolina Paulo Vicente
BACKGROUND Giardia duodenalis is a protozoan parasite that infects humans and other mammals and causes giardiasis worldwide. Giardia is genotyped into eight assemblages (A-H), with assemblages A and B considered zoonotic. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the assemblages of G. duodenalis from individuals living in rural and urban areas of the Amazonas State. METHODS 103 human faecal
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Lipid droplets of protozoan parasites: survival and pathogenicity. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-16 Victor de Souza Tavares,Monara Viera de Castro,Rayane da Silva Oliveira Souza,Iana Kátia Araújo Gonçalves,Jonilson Berlink Lima,Valéria de Matos Borges,Théo Araújo-Santos
Lipid droplets (LDs; lipid bodies) are intracellular sites of lipid storage and metabolism present in all cell types. Eukaryotic LDs are involved in eicosanoid production during several inflammatory conditions, including infection by protozoan parasites. In parasites, LDs play a role in the acquisition of cholesterol and other neutral lipids from the host. The number of LDs increases during parasite
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Evaluation of LAMP for the diagnosis of Loa loa infection in dried blood spots compared to PCR-based assays and microscopy. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-11 Thuy-Huong Ta-Tang,Pedro Berzosa,José Miguel Rubio,María Romay-Barja,Policarpo Ncogo,Diego Agudo,Zaida Herrador,Laura Cerrada-Gálvez,Agustín Benito
BACKGROUND Loa loa is a filarial species found exclusively in West and Central Africa. Microscopy is the traditional diagnosis method for human loiasis. Several molecular methods have developed as an alternative approach for identification of L. loa filarial parasites. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate a Loa-Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to diagnose loiasis disease
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Antigenicity and adhesiveness of a Plasmodium vivax VIR-E protein from Brazilian isolates. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-04 Ana Paula Schappo,Najara C Bittencourt,Leticia P Bertolla,Sofia Forcellini,Ana Beatriz Iung Enembreck da Silva,Hellen Geremias Dos Santos,João Henrique Gervásio,Marcus Vg Lacerda,Stefanie Cp Lopes,Fabio Tm Costa,Letusa Albrecht
BACKGROUND Plasmodium vivax, the major cause of malaria in Latin America, has a large subtelomeric multigene family called vir. In the P. vivax genome, about 20% of its sequences are vir genes. Vir antigens are grouped in subfamilies according to their sequence similarities and have been shown to have distinct roles and subcellular locations. However, little is known about vir subfamilies, especially
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Multidisciplinary approach detects speciation within the kissing bug Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus populations (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Reduviidae). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-02-02 Sebastián Pita,Andrés Gómez-Palacio,Pedro Lorite,Jean Pierre Dujardin,Tamara Chavez,Anita G Villacís,Cleber Galvão,Yanina Panzera,Lucía Calleros,Santiago Pereyra-Mello,Gabriela Burgueño-Rodríguez,Francisco Panzera
BACKGROUND Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Hemiptera-Reduviidae) is a triatomine species with a wide geographic distribution and a broad phenotypic variability. In some countries, this species is found infesting and colonising domiciliary ecotopes representing an epidemiological risk factor as a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiological agent of Chagas disease. In spite of this, little is known about
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Open-source real-time quantitative RT-PCR-based on a RNA standard for the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-28 Juliana Comerlato,Carolina Baldisserotto Comerlato,Fernando Hayashi Sant'Anna,Marina Bessel,Celina Monteiro Abreu,Eliana Márcia Wendland
BACKGROUND Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) target genes by molecular methods has been chosen as the main approach to identify individuals with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. OBJECTIVES In this study, we developed an open-source RNA standard-based real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assay for quantitative diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharynx
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Transmission cluster of COVID-19 cases from Uruguay: emergence and spreading of a novel SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 deletion. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Yanina Panzera,Natalia Ramos,Lucía Calleros,Ana Marandino,Gonzalo Tomás,Claudia Techera,Sofía Grecco,Sandra Frabasile,Eddie Fuques,Leticia Coppola,Natalia Goñi,Viviana Ramas,Cecilia Sorhouet,Victoria Bormida,Analía Burgueño,María Brasesco,Maria Rosa Garland,Sylvia Molinari,Maria Teresa Perez,Rosina Somma,Silvana Somma,Maria Noelia Morel,Cristina Mogdasy,Héctor Chiparelli,Juan Arbiza,Adriana Delfraro
BACKGROUND Evolutionary changes in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) include indels in non-structural, structural, and accessory open reading frames (ORFs) or genes. OBJECTIVES We track indels in accessory ORFs to infer evolutionary gene patterns and epidemiological links between outbreaks. METHODS Genomes from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case-patients were Illumina
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Mycolicibacterium fortuitum genomic epidemiology, resistome and virulome. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Sergio Morgado,Nilcéia de Veiga Ramos,Fernanda Freitas,Érica Lourenço da Fonseca,Ana Carolina Vicente
BACKGROUND Mycolicibacterium fortuitum is an opportunistic pathogen associated with human and animal infection worldwide. Studies concerning this species are mainly represented by case reports, some of them addressing drug susceptibility with a focus on a specific geographic region, so there is a gap in relation to the global epidemiological scenario. OBJECTIVES We aimed determine the global epidemiological
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Identification and characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 and Human alphaherpesvirus 1 from a productive coinfection in a fatal COVID-19 case. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Alice Laschuk Herlinger,Fábio Luís Lima Monteiro,Mirela D'arc,Filipe Romero Rebello Moreira,Harrison James Westgarth,Rafael Mello Galliez,Diana Mariani,Luciana Jesus da Costa,Luiz Gonzaga Paula de Almeida,Carolina Moreira Voloch,Adriana Suely de Oliveira Melo,Renato Santana de Aguiar,André Felipe Andrade Dos Santos,Terezinha Marta Pereira Pinto Castiñeiras,Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos,Esaú Custódio
BACKGROUND During routine Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, an unusually high viral load was detected by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in a nasopharyngeal swab sample collected from a patient with respiratory and neurological symptoms who rapidly succumbed to the disease. Therefore we sought to characterise the infection. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine
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Cross-linking mass spectrometry reveals structural insights of the glutamine synthetase from Leishmania braziliensis. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Jhenifer Yonara de Lima,Marlon Dias Mariano Santos,Mario Tyago Murakami,Paulo Costa Carvalho,Tatiana de Arruda Campos Brasil de Souza
BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the parasite Leishmania braziliensis, commonly found in Brazil and associated with cutaneous and visceral forms of this disease. Like other organisms, L. braziliensis has an enzyme called glutamine synthetase (LbGS) that acts on the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate. This enzyme plays an essential role in the metabolism of these
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Reflections, suggestions for putting into practice the principles of information, education and communication - IEC on Chagas disease in a community context Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Mariella Anselmi
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The multidimensional comprehension of Chagas disease. Contributions, approaches, challenges and opportunities from and beyond the Information, Education and Communication field Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Mariana Sanmartino,Colin J Forsyth,Andrea Avaria,Mar Velarde-Rodriguez,Jordi Gómez i Prat,Pedro Albajar-Viñas
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Chagas disease and its historicity Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Ana Carolina Vimieiro Gomes
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Antileishmanial metallodrugs and the elucidation of new drug targets linked to post-translational modifications machinery: pitfalls and progress Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Rubens Lima do Monte Neto,Paulo Otávio Lourenço Moreira,Alessandra Mara de Sousa,Miguel Antonio do Nascimento Garcia,Suellen Rodrigues Maran,Nilmar Silvio Moretti
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Sand fly behavior: much more than weak-flying. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-11-19 Gabriel Barbosa Tonelli,Camila Binder,Carina Margonari,José Dilermando Andrade Filho
BACKGROUND Leishmaniases are diseases transmitted by some species of sand flies and are widely distributed throughout the tropical regions of the planet. Despite the low mobility of these vectors, the geographical distributions of some species are quite extensive, which hinders control and surveillance measures in endemic areas. OBJECTIVES The present study investigated the flying capacity of sand
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Medicines for Malaria Venture COVID Box: a source for repurposing drugs with antifungal activity against human pathogenic fungi. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-11-08 Rodrigo Almeida-Paes,Iara Bastos de Andrade,Mariana Lucy Mesquita Ramos,Marcus Vinícius de Araújo Rodrigues,Vinícius Alves do Nascimento,Andréa Reis Bernardes-Engemann,Susana Frases
BACKGROUND Treatment of mycoses is often ineffective, usually prolonged, and has some side effects. These facts highlight the importance of discovering new molecules to treat fungal infections. OBJECTIVES To search the Medicines for Malaria Venture COVID Box for drugs with antifungal activity. METHODS Fourteen human pathogenic fungi were tested against the 160 drugs of this collection at 1.0 µM concentration
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Epidemiology of paracoccidioidomycosis in Venezuela: a retrospective study from 1954 to 2019. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-11-08 Primavera Alvarado,Marcus de Melo Teixeira,Elsy Cavallera,Hugo Costa Paes,Giovanni Guerra,Gerardo Santander,Rommie Merino-Alado
BACKGROUND Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America. Etiological agents are Paracoccidioides species that diverge phylogenetically throughout South America. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to document the epidemiology of PCM in Venezuela. METHODS We have performed a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study in 31,081 clinical records of patients from two reference
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A new Trypanosoma cruzi genotyping method enables high resolution evolutionary analyses. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-08-30 Christian Macagnan Probst,Myllena de Fátima Alheiros Dias Melo,Daniela Parada Pavoni,Max Jean de Ornelas Toledo,Tainah Silva Galdino,Adeilton Alves Brandão,Constança Britto,Marco Aurelio Krieger
BACKGROUND Trypanosoma cruzi is an important human pathogen in Latin America with nearly seven million people infected. It has a large degree of genetic diversity, classified into six discrete typing units (DTUs), which probably influences its physiological behavior and clinical manifestations. Several genotyping methods are available, with distinct performance on easiness, cost, resolution and applicability;
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Mechanism of action of glycyrrhizin against Plasmodium falciparum. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-08-20 Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro,Gérard Vergoten,Christian Bailly
Extracts of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) are used in traditional medicine to treat malaria. The main active components are the saponin glycyrrhizin (GLR) and its active metabolite glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) which both display activities against Plasmodium falciparum. We have identified three main mechanisms at the origin of their anti-plasmodial activity: (i) drug-induced disorganisation of
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COVID-19 diagnosis by RT-qPCR in alternative specimens. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-08-13 Cássia Cristina Alves Gonçalves,Shana Priscila Coutinho Barroso,Alice Laschuk Herlinger,Rafael de Mello Galliez,Tailah Bernardo de Almeida,Lidia Theodoro Boullosa,Erica Ramos Dos Santos Nascimento,Jessica M de Almeida,Raissa Mirella Dos Santos Cunha da Costa,Tatiana Monteiro da Paixão,José Nelson Dos Santos Silva Couceiro,Thiago Silva Frauches,Wilson Rodrigues de Souza,Andréa Ribeiro Costa,Débora Souza
BACKGROUND The high demand for adequate material for the gold standard reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)-based diagnosis imposed by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, combined with the inherent contamination risks for healthcare workers during nasopharyngeal swab (NP) sample collection and the discomfort it causes patients, brought the need to identify
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An emerging paradigm for the origin and evolution of shelled amoebae, integrating advances from molecular phylogenetics, morphology and paleontology. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-08-13 Daniel Jg Lahr
The phylogenetic paradigm of eukaryotic evolution has changed dramatically over the past two decades, with profound reflections on the understanding of life on earth. Arcellinida testate (shelled) amoebae lineages represent some of the oldest fossils of eukaryotes, and the elucidation of their phylogenetic relationships opened a window to the distant past, with important implications for understanding
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Reemergence of human malaria in Atlantic Forest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 Alessandra Bittencourt de Lemos,Onilda Santos da Silva,Sandra Cristina Deboni,Valdir Schallemberger,Edmilson Dos Santos,Marco Antônio Barreto de Almeida,Anne Andrea Dockhorn Marth,Sidnei Silva,Aline Rosa de Lavigne Mello,Teresa Fernandes Silva-do-Nascimento,Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz,Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira,Jáder da Cruz Cardoso
Unforeseen Plasmodium infections in the Atlantic Forest of Brazilian Extra-Amazonian region could jeopardise malaria elimination. A human malaria case was registered in Três Forquilhas, in the Atlantic Forest biome of Rio Grande do Sul, after a 45 years' time-lapsed without any malaria autochthonous notification in this southern Brazilian state. This finding represents the expansion of the malaria
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Population structure and ancestry prediction of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) supports a single African origin of Colombian populations. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 Yoman Monsalve,Omar Triana-Chávez,Andrés Gómez-Palacio
BACKGROUND A previous phylogeographic study revealed two Aedes aegypti African-related mitochondrial lineages distributed in Colombian's cities with different eco-epidemiologic characteristics with regard to dengue virus (DENV). It has been proposed these lineages might indicate independent invasion sources. OBJECTIVES Assessing to Colombian population structure and to support evidence of its probable
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Presence of trypanosomatids, with emphasis on Leishmania, in Rodentia and Didelphimorphia mammals of a rural settlement in the central Amazon region. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 Genevere Reis Achilles,Rafael Pinto Kautzmann,Haile Dean Figueiredo Chagas,Jordam William Pereira-Silva,Jéssica Feijó Almeida,Fernanda Rodrigues Fonseca,Maria Nazareth Ferreira da Silva,Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa,Alessandra Ferreira Dales Nava,Claudia María Ríos-Velásquez
BACKGROUND Trypanosomatids are widespread and cause diseases - such as trypanosomiasis, sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, and cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis - in animals and humans. These diseases occur in both rural and urban regions due to unplanned growth and deforestation. Thus, wild and synanthropic reservoir hosts living in residential areas are risk factors. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate
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HIV/Aids and COVID-19 in Brazil: in four decades, two antithetical approaches to face serious pandemics. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-06-21 Bernardo Galvão-Castro,Maria Fernanda Rios Grassi,Euclides Ayres de Castilho,Dirceu Bartolomeu Greco
In the space of four decades, Brazil has faced two serious pandemics: human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The country's response to HIV/AIDS was coordinated by several stakeholders and recognised the importance of scientific evidence in guiding decision-making, and a network offering monitoring and antiretroviral treatment
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Urban infestation by Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), an overlooked phenomena for Chagas disease in Argentina. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-06-02 Yael Mariana Provecho,María Del Pilar Fernández,Liliana Salvá,Sergio Meli,Florencia Cano,Paula Sartor,Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente
Vector-borne transmission of Chagas disease in urban areas of Argentina has been an overlooked phenomena. We conducted the first comprehensive cross-sectional study of domestic infestation with Triatoma infestans and vector infection with Trypanosoma cruzi in a metropolitan area of San Juan, Argentina. Our results document the occurrence of T. infestans infected with T. cruzi in human sleeping quarters
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Do the new triatomine species pose new challenges or strategies for monitoring Chagas disease? An overview from 1979-2021. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-05-31 Jane Costa,Carolina Dale,Cleber Galvão,Carlos Eduardo Almeida,Jean Pierre Dujardin
Chagas disease persists as one of the most important, and yet most neglected, diseases in the world, and several changes in its epidemiological aspects have been recorded since its discovery. Currently, some of the most relevant changes are related to: (i) the reduction in the incidence of the endemic due to the control of the most important vectors, Triatoma infestans and Rhodnius prolixus, in many
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Plasmodium vivax metacaspase 1 (PvMCA1) catalytic domain is conserved in field isolates from Brazilian Amazon. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-05-31 Hugo Amorim Dos Santos de Souza,Victor Fernandes Escafa,Carolina Moreira Blanco,Bárbara de Oliveira Baptista,Jenifer Peixoto de Barros,Evelyn Ketty Pratt Riccio,Aline Beatriz Mello Rodrigues,Gisely Cardoso de Melo,Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de Lacerda,Rodrigo Medeiros de Souza,Josué da Costa Lima-Junior,Ana Carolina Ramos Guimarães,Fabio Faria da Mota,João Hermínio Martins da Silva,Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
In the present study, we investigated the genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax metacaspase 1 (PvMCA1) catalytic domain in two municipalities of the main malaria hotspot in Brazil, i.e., the Juruá Valley, and observed complete sequence identity among all P. vivax field isolates and the Sal-1 reference strain. Analysis of PvMCA1 catalytic domain in different P. vivax genomic sequences publicly available
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Transcriptome comparison of dengue-susceptible and -resistant field derived strains of Colombian Aedes aegypti using RNA-sequencing. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-05-28 Heather Coatsworth,Paola A Caicedo,Geoffrey Winsor,Fiona Brinkman,Clara B Ocampo,Carl Lowenberger
BACKGROUND Forty percent of the world's population live in areas where they are at risk from dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Dengue viruses are transmitted primarily by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. In Cali, Colombia, approximately 30% of field collected Ae. aegypti are naturally refractory to all four dengue serotypes. OBJECTIVES Use RNA-sequencing to identify those
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Differential expression profiles of miRNAs and their putative targets in Schistosoma mansoni during its life cycle. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-05-14 Fabiano Cp Abreu,Ester Alves Mota,Roberta V Pereira,Victor F Oliveira,Marcela P Costa,Matheus de S Gomes,Liana K Jannotti-Passos,William C Borges,Renata Guerra-Sá
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by Schistosoma. Due to its complex life cycle, evolutionary position and sexual dimorphism, schistosomes have several mechanisms of gene regulation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting mRNA transcripts. OBJECTIVES Here, we tested 12 miRNAs and identified their putative
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Should COVID-19 be branded to viral thrombotic fever? Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-04-30 Rubens Carmo Costa-Filho,Hugo Caire Castro-Faria Neto,José Mengel,Marcelo Pelajo-Machado,Marco Aurélio Martins,Érica Távora Leite,Hugo Tannus Mendonça-Filho,Tatiana de Arruda Campos Brasil de Souza,Gonzalo Bentacor Bello,José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
Coronaviruses can cause a diverse array of clinical manifestations, from fever with symptoms of the common cold to highly lethal severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS). SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus discovered in Hubei province, China, at the end of 2019, became known worldwide for causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Over one year's time period,
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Evaluation of cytochrome b sequence to identify Leishmania species and variants: the case of Panama. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-04-19 Michelle Davila,Vanessa Pineda,José E Calzada,Azael Saldaña,Franklyn Samudio
BACKGROUND The genetic heterogeneity of Leishmania parasites is a major factor responsible for the wide variety of Leishmania-associated manifestations. Consequently, understanding the genetic make-up of Leishmania species using suitable molecular markers is an important component of realising local and regional scale disease risk. The cytochrome b (cytb) is frequently used to type New World Leishmania
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Comparison of viral load between saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV2: the role of days of symptoms onset on diagnosis. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-04-16 Alberto Fernando Oliveira Justo,Mariana Sardinha Bueno,Gabriela Rodrigues Barbosa,Ana Helena Perosa,Joseane Ma Carvalho,Nancy Bellei
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly infectious causing millions of deaths worldwide. Nasopharyngeal swabs are the primary sample of choice for the diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), thus, to decrease the exposure to potentially infected samples through the collection is a key point to reduce the risk of infection in healthcare workers. OBJECTIVES
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Genomics and functional genomics in Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi: statuses, challenges and perspectives. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-03-29 Daniella C Bartholomeu,Santuza Maria Ribeiro Teixeira,Angela Kaysel Cruz
The availability of Trypanosomatid genomic data in public databases has opened myriad experimental possibilities that have contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of the biology of these parasites and their interactions with hosts. In this review, after brief remarks on the history of the Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania genome initiatives, we present an overview of the relevant contributions
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Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil before the whole genome sequencing era: a literature review. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-03-15 Emilyn Costa Conceição,Richard Steiner Salvato,Karen Machado Gomes,Arthur Emil Dos Santos Guimarães,Marília Lima da Conceição,Ricardo José de Paula Souza E Guimarães,Abhinav Sharma,Ismari Perini Furlaneto,Regina Bones Barcellos,Valdes Roberto Bollela,Lívia Maria Pala Anselmo,Maria Carolina Sisco,Cristina Viana Niero,Lucilaine Ferrazoli,Guislaine Refrégier,Maria Cristina da Silva Lourenço,Harrison Magdinier
Molecular-typing can help in unraveling epidemiological scenarios and improvement for disease control strategies. A literature review of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in Brazil through genotyping on 56 studies published from 1996-2019 was performed. The clustering rate for mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units - variable tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) of 1,613 isolates were: 73%, 33% and
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Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil before the whole genome sequencing era: a literature review. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-03-15 Emilyn Costa Conceição,Richard Steiner Salvato,Karen Machado Gomes,Arthur Emil Dos Santos Guimarães,Marília Lima da Conceição,Ricardo José de Paula Souza E Guimarães,Abhinav Sharma,Ismari Perini Furlaneto,Regina Bones Barcellos,Valdes Roberto Bollela,Lívia Maria Pala Anselmo,Maria Carolina Sisco,Cristina Viana Niero,Lucilaine Ferrazoli,Guislaine Refrégier,Maria Cristina da Silva Lourenço,Harrison Magdinier
Molecular-typing can help in unraveling epidemiological scenarios and improvement for disease control strategies. A literature review of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in Brazil through genotyping on 56 studies published from 1996-2019 was performed. The clustering rate for mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units - variable tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) of 1,613 isolates were: 73%, 33% and
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Flight tone characterisation of the South American malaria vector Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-03-13 Jose Pablo Montoya,Hoover Pantoja-Sánchez,Sebastian Gomez,Frank William Avila,Catalina Alfonso-Parra
BACKGROUND Flight tones play important roles in mosquito reproduction. Several mosquito species utilise flight tones for mate localisation and attraction. Typically, the female wingbeat frequency (WBF) is lower than males, and stereotypic acoustic behaviors are instrumental for successful copulation. Mosquito WBFs are usually an important species characteristic, with female flight tones used as male
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Validation of ELISA with recombinant antigens in serological diagnosis of canine Leishmania infantum infection. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 Mahyumi Fujimori,Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida,Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo,Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Cortez,Malcolm Scott Duthie,Roberto Mitsuyoshi Hiramoto,Flaviane Alves de Pinho,Steven Gregory Reed,Valéria Régia Franco Sousa,Nazaré Fonseca Souza,Rodrigo Martins Soares,José Eduardo Tolezano,Maria Carmen Arroyo Sanchez,Hiro Goto
BACKGROUND Dogs are the main peridomiciliary reservoir of Leishmania infantum thus the correct diagnosis of infection is essential for the control of the transmission and treatment as well. However, the diagnosis is based on serological assays that are not fully effective. OBJECTIVE We aimed to establish an effective serological assay for the diagnosis of L. infantum infected dogs using Leishmania-derived
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Inhibition of nitric oxide production of activated mice peritoneal macrophages is independent of the Toxoplasma gondii strain. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-03-10 João Cláudio Damasceno-Sá,Fernanda Silva de Souza,Thiago Alves Teixeira Dos Santos,Fábio Conceição de Oliveira,Maria de Fátima Sarro da Silva,Raul Ramos Furtado Dias,Wanderley de Souza,Andrea Cristina Veto Arnholdt,Sergio Henrique Seabra,Renato Augusto DaMatta
BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis and is controlled by activated macrophages. However, infection of macrophages by tachyzoites induces TGF-β signaling (TGF-s) inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production. NO inhibition may be a general escape mechanism of distinct T. gondii strains. OBJECTIVES To evaluate in activated macrophages the capacity of T. gondii strains of different virulence and
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The gene expression of Leishmania infantum chagasi inside Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-03-08 Thais Lemos-Silva,Erich Loza Telleria,Yara Maria Traub-Csekö
Leishmania infantum chagasi is the causative agent and Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas. We investigated the expression of Leishmania genes within L. longipalpis after artificial infection. mRNAs from genes involved in sugar and amino acid metabolism were upregulated at times of high parasite proliferation inside the insect. mRNAs from genes involved
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Transmission-blocking compound candidates against Plasmodium vivax using P. berghei as an initial screening. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-02-08 Camila Fabbri,Alexandre Oliveira Trindade,Francy's Sayara Andrade,Macejane Ferreira de Souza,Claudia María Ríos-Velásquez,Marcus Vinicius Guimarães de Lacerda,Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro,Fabio Trindade Maranhão Costa,Rogerio Amino,Stefanie Costa Pinto Lopes
BACKGROUND Different strategies for improvement of malaria control and elimination are based on the blockage of malaria parasite transmission to the mosquito vector. These strategies include the drugs that target the plasmodial sexual stages in humans and the early developmental stages inside mosquitoes. OBJECTIVES Here we tested Malaria Box compounds in order to evaluate their activity against male
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Expansion of T regulatory lymphocytes by murine bone marrow dendritic cells previously stimulated with Anisakis simplex larval antigens. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Vega Zamora,Marta Rodero,Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano,Juan C Andreu-Ballester,Susana Mendez,Carmen Cuéllar
BACKGROUND Anisakis simplex antigens present immunomodulatory properties by the induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) in mice. OBJECTIVES To study the capacity of DCs stimulated with A. simplex excretory-secretory (ES) or crude extract (CE) to generate Tregs. To investigate in vitro effects of antigens on the metabolic activity of splenocytes induced by LPS or CpG. METHODS Phenotypic and functional