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Cloning of the first cDNA encoding a putative CCRFamide precursor: identification of the brain, eyestalk ganglia, and cardiac ganglion as sites of CCRFamide expression in the American lobster, Homarus americanus Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-11-26 J. Joe Hull, Melissa A. Stefanek, Patsy S. Dickinson, Andrew E. Christie
Over the past decade, many new peptide families have been identified via in silico analyses of genomic and transcriptomic datasets. While various molecular and biochemical methods have confirmed the existence of some of these new groups, others remain in silico discoveries of computationally assembled sequences only. An example of the latter are the CCRFamides, named for the predicted presence of two
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Multi-marker approach for the evaluation of environmental impacts of APACS 50WG on aquatic ecosystems Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-11-16 Dávid Somogyvári, Ágnes Vehovszky, Anna Farkas, Réka Horváth, János Győri
Neonicotinoids are the most widely used synthetic insecticides in the world. These insecticides are widely distributed in the ecosystem, indicating that more attention should be paid to the potential risks regarding their use in agriculture. Due their intensive use, non-target species in the environment are also exposed to their putative effects. Within acute exposure trials, the time related effect
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Pedal serotonergic neuron clusters of the pteropod mollusc, Clione limacina , contain two morphological subtypes with different innervation targets Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Jennifer B. Plyler, Richard A. Satterlie
Each pedal ganglion of the pteropod mollusc Clione limacina contains a cluster of serotonin-immunoreactive neurons that have been shown to modulate contractions of the slow-twitch musculature of the wing-like parapodia, and contribute to swim accelerations. Each cluster has a variable number of neurons, between 5 and 9, but there is no significant difference between right and left ganglia. In experiments
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Pharmacological characterization of the forced swim test in Drosophila melanogaster Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Aryana R. Rasti, Victoria E. Coombe, Jerica R. Muzik, Christopher L. Kliethermes
The forced swim test is commonly used as a preclinical screen of antidepressant medication efficacy in rats and mice. Neckameyer and Nieto-Romero (Stress 18:254–66, 2015) adopted the forced swim test for use with the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and showed that behavior in this test is sensitive to several physiologically relevant stressors. However, whether this test might be sensitive to the
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Histological investigation of the effects of fenoxycarb on neurosecretory cells in the silkworm, Bombyx mori brain Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-10-22 Ebru Tanriverdi O, Sedat Yelkovan
Fenoxycarb 0-ethyl N-(2-(4-pheoxyphenoxy)-ethyl) carbamate is the most potent juvenile hormone analogue against a variety of insect species including the silkworm Bombyx mori. In this study, the effects of fenoxycarb on silkworm Bombyx mori brain neurosecretory cells in 5th instar were investigated. Fenoxycarb (1 ng/10 µl) was applied topically along the dorsa-medial line to the animals in the spinning
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Evidence for the cholinergic markers ChAT and vAChT in sensory cells of the developing antennal nervous system of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-10-22 Erica Ehrhardt, George Boyan
Sensory and motor systems in insects with hemimetabolous development must be ready to mediate adaptive behavior directly on hatching from the egg. For the desert locust S. gregaria, cholinergic transmission from antennal sensillae to olfactory or mechanosensory centers in the brain requires that choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (vAChT) already be present
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Effect of photoperiod and light intensity on learning ability and memory formation of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Ahmed A. A. Hussein, El-Sayed Baz, Janine Mariën, Menerva M. Tadros, Nahla S. El-Shenawy, Joris M. Koene
Natural light is regarded as a key regulator of biological systems and typically serves as a Zeitgeber for biological rhythms. As a natural abiotic factor, it is recognized to regulate multiple behavioral and physiological processes in animals. Disruption of the natural light regime due to light pollution may result in significant effects on animal learning and memory development. Here, we investigated
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The neuromuscular system of the sheep tapeworm Moniezia expansa. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-09-25 Gunnar R Mair,David W Halton,Aaron G Maule
Cestodes are common gastrointestinal parasites of humans and livestock. They attach to the host gut and, without a mouth or intestinal system, absorb nutrients through their epidermis. Here we show that despite this simplified anatomy and sessile lifestyle, they maintain a complex neuromuscular system. We used fluorescently labelled phalloidin as a specific probe for filamentous actin to define the
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Glial cells in the posterior sub-esophageal mass of the brain in Sepia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (decapodiformes-sepiida): ultrastructure and cytochemical studies. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-09-02 G Ibrahim,M Luisetto,O Latyshev
Electron microscopy revealed that glial cells in the posterior sub-esophageal mass of the brain in Sepia officinalis had a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum formed by long coverslips with rectilinear or curvilinear arrangements. The coverslips appeared dilated and have a large amount of adhered polysomes. Vesicular lamellae coexisted with the elongated lamellae of RER and dictyosomes of Golgi
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Selectively RNA interaction by a hnRNPA/B-like protein at presynaptic terminal of squid neuron. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-08-25 Gabriel S Lopes,Janaina Brusco,José C Rosa,Roy E Larson,Diego T P Lico
In previous works, we identified a RNA-binding protein in presynaptic terminal of squid neurons, which is likely involved in local mRNA processing. Evidences indicate this strongly basic protein, called p65, is an SDS-stable dimer protein composed of ~ 37 kDa hnRNPA/B-like subunits. The function of p65 in presynaptic regions is not well understood. In this work, we showed p65 and its subunit p37 are
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Fine structure of the central brain in the octopod Eledone cirrhosa (Lamarck, 1798) (Mollusca-Octopoda). Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-08-25 G Ibrahim
This study aims to investigate the fine structure of the different cell types in the central brain of Eledone cirrhosa; the organelles in the neurons and the glial cells; the glial hemolymph–brain barrier; the neuro-secretions and the relationships between glial and nerve cells. The brain is surrounded by a non-cellular neurilemma followed by a single layer of perilemmal cells. Ependymal cells, highly
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Report on the First Symposium on Invertebrate Neuroscience held on 13-17th August 2019 at the Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-08-20 Lindy Holden-Dye,Robert J Walker
This meeting report provides an overview of the oral and poster presentations at the first international symposium for invertebrate neuroscience. The contents reflect the contributions of invertebrate neuroscience in addressing fundamental and fascinating challenges in understanding the neural substrates of animal behaviour.
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Adapting techniques for calcium imaging in muscles of adult Brugia malayi. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-08-16 Paul D E Williams,Saurabh Verma,Alan P Robertson,Richard J Martin
Brugia malayi is a human filarial nematode parasite that causes lymphatic filariasis or ‘elephantiasis’ a disfiguring neglected tropical disease. This parasite is a more tractable nematode parasite for the experimental study of anthelmintic drugs and has been studied with patch-clamp and RNAi techniques. Unlike in C. elegans however, calcium signaling in B. malayi or other nematode parasites has not
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Knockout of PINK1 altered the neural connectivity of Drosophila dopamine PPM3 neurons at input and output sites. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Jing-Da Qiao,Yu-Ling Mao
Impairment of the dopamine system is the main cause of Parkinson disease (PD). PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is possibly involved in pathogenesis of PD. However, its role in dopaminergic neurons has not been fully established yet. In the present investigation, we have used the PINK1 knockout Drosophila model to explore the role of PINK1 in dopaminergic neurons. Electrophysiological and behavioral tests
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Features of behavioral changes underlying conditioned taste aversion in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-07-23 Junko Nakai,Yuki Totani,Satoshi Kojima,Manabu Sakakibara,Etsuro Ito
Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in the freshwater pulmonate Lymnaea stagnalis can be formed by presenting ten pairings of sucrose as the conditioned stimulus (CS) and KCl as the unconditioned stimulus (US). The CTA is consolidated to long-term memory (LTM) lasting longer than a month. In the present study, we examined the time course of protein synthesis-dependent period during the consolidation of
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The effects of tricaine mesylate on arthropods: crayfish, crab and Drosophila. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-05-30 Catherine E Stanley,Rebecca Adams,Jeremy Nadolski,Ellora Amrit,Matthew Barrett,Catherine Bohnett,Kelsey Campbell,Keegan Deweese,Sabbyasachi Dhar,Barbara Gillis,Carson Hill,Morgan Inks,Katrina Kozak,Alexa Larson,Ibraheem Murtaza,Destaneh Nichols,Rafael Roberts,Hannah Tyger,Courtney Waterbury,Robin L Cooper
AbstractTricaine mesylate, also known as MS-222, was investigated to characterize its effects on sensory neurons, synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction, and heart rate in invertebrates. Three species were examined: Drosophila melanogaster, blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), and red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Intracellular measures of action potentials in motor neurons of the
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Aging and disease-relevant gene products in the neuronal transcriptome of the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis): a potential model of aging, age-related memory loss, and neurodegenerative diseases. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-05-24 István Fodor,Péter Urbán,György Kemenes,Joris M Koene,Zsolt Pirger
Modelling of human aging, age-related memory loss, and neurodegenerative diseases has developed into a progressive area in invertebrate neuroscience. Gold standard molluscan neuroscience models such as the sea hare (Aplysia californica) and the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) have proven to be attractive alternatives for studying these processes. Until now, A. californica has been the workhorse
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Assessment and comparison of putative amine receptor complement/diversity in the brain and eyestalk ganglia of the lobster, Homarus americanus. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-03-26 Andrew E Christie,J Joe Hull,Patsy S Dickinson
In decapods, dopamine, octopamine, serotonin, and histamine function as locally released/hormonally delivered modulators of physiology/behavior. Although the functional roles played by amines in decapods have been examined extensively, little is known about the identity/diversity of their amine receptors. Recently, a Homarus americanus mixed nervous system transcriptome was used to identify putative
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Epithelial domains and the primordial antennal nervous system of the embryonic grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-03-26 George Boyan,Erica Ehrhardt
The antenna is a key sensory organ in insects. Factors which pattern its epithelium and the spacing of sensillae will play an important role in shaping its contribution to adaptive behavior. The antenna of the grasshopper S. gregaria has three major articulations: scape, pedicel, and flagellum. During postembryonic development, the flagellum lengthens as segments (so-called meristal annuli) are added
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In silico analyses suggest the cardiac ganglion of the lobster, Homarus americanus, contains a diverse array of putative innexin/innexin-like proteins, including both known and novel members of this protein family. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-03-02 Andrew E Christie,J Joe Hull,Patsy S Dickinson
Gap junctions are physical channels that connect adjacent cells, permitting the flow of small molecules/ions between the cytoplasms of the coupled units. Innexin/innexin-like proteins are responsible for the formation of invertebrate gap junctions. Within the nervous system, gap junctions often function as electrical synapses, providing a means for coordinating activity among electrically coupled neurons
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A standardized battery of tests to measure Octopus vulgaris' behavioural performance. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-02-14 Luciana Borrelli,Cinzia Chiandetti,Graziano Fiorito
Here we introduce a series of behavioural tasks to assess inter-individual variability in behaviours exhibited by the cephalopod mollusc Octopus vulgaris. We propose that, by using octopus’ predatory behavioural response, it is possible to measure: (1) the ability to adapt to the captive condition (acclimatization), (2) the response towards novel stimuli (neophobia), (3) the capability of social learning
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Identification of the molecular components of a putative Jasus edwardsii (Crustacea; Decapoda; Achelata) circadian signaling system. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-02-11 Andrew E Christie
Like all organisms, members of the crustacean order Decapoda must coordinate their physiology and behavior to accommodate recurring patterns of environmental change. Genetically encoded biological clocks are responsible, at least in part, for the proper timing of these organism-environment patternings. While biological clocks cycling on a wide range of timescales have been identified, the circadian
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Identification of putative neuropeptidergic signaling systems in the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-01-24 Andrew E Christie
Members of the decapod infraorder Achelata, specifically species from the genus Panulirus, have storied histories as models for investigating the basic principles governing the generation, maintenance, and modulation of rhythmic motor behavior, including modulation by locally released and circulating peptides. Despite their contributions to our understanding of peptidergic neuromodulation, little is
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RNA interference supports a role for Nanchung-Inactive in mechanotransduction by the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, tactile spine. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2020-01-21 Anneka Hennenfent,Hongxia Liu,Päivi H Torkkeli,Andrew S French
Proteins encoded by nanchung, inactive, nompC and piezo genes have been shown to play crucial roles in the initial detection of mechanical force by various insect auditory neurons, nociceptors and touch receptors. Most of this previous research has been performed on the larval and adult fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. We identified and assembled all four homologous genes in transcriptomes from
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An infection of Enterobacter ludwigii affects development and causes age-dependent neurodegeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-10-22 Subhashree Priyadarsini,Moumita Sahoo,Swetapadma Sahu,Rasu Jayabalan,Monalisa Mishra
AbstractThe effects of teeth-blackening bacteria Enterobacter ludwigii on the physiological system were investigated using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. The bacteria were mixed with the fly food, and its effect was checked on the growth, development and behaviour of Drosophila. Microbes generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the haemolymph of the larvae once it enters into the
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Identification of putative amine receptor complement in the eyestalk of the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-09-23 Andrew E Christie
In decapod crustaceans, the amines dopamine, octopamine, serotonin, and histamine are known to serve as locally released and/or circulating neuromodulators. While many studies have focused on determining the modulatory actions of amines on decapod nervous systems, comparatively little is known about the identity of the receptors through which they exert their actions. Here, a crayfish, Procambarus
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Pharmacological characterization of a homomeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor formed by Ancylostoma caninum ACR-16. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-09-05 Shivani Choudhary,James G Tipton,Melanie Abongwa,Matthew T Brewer,Jeba Jesudoss Chelladurai,Nicole Musselman,Richard J Martin,Alan P Robertson
Parasitic nematode infections are treated using anthelmintic drugs, some of which target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) located in different parasite tissues. The limited arsenal of anthelmintic agents and the prevalence of drug resistance imply that future defense against parasitic infections will depend on the discovery of novel targets and therapeutics. Previous studies have suggested
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The allelochemical tannic acid affects the locomotion and feeding behaviour of the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, by inhibiting peripheral pathways. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-08-22 Ágnes Vehovszky,Réka Horváth,Anna Farkas,János Győri,Károly Elekes
(1) The effect of tannic acid (TA), a dominant component of plant allelochemicals, was investigated on the locomotion and feeding of the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. The effect of TA on the neuronal background underlying feeding activity was also analysed. (2) TA affected the spontaneous locomotion and of juvenile snails in a concentration-dependent way. Low (10 μM) TA concentration resulted in an
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Investigating sensory processing in the pectines of the striped bark scorpion, Centruroides vittatus. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-07-31 Kendall L Hughes,Douglas D Gaffin
Scorpion pectines detect chemical and physical stimuli via thousands of peg sensilla on ground-facing teeth. Each sensillum has multiple neurons that detect stimuli and transmit neural impulses to the subesophageal ganglion (SEG) in the central nervous system. Anatomically, the organization of the pectinal neuropil in the SEG reflects the arrangement of pectinal teeth, suggesting conservation of information
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Increase in serotonin precursor levels reinstates the context memory during reconsolidation. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-07-30 Alena B Zuzina,Alia Kh Vinarskaya,Pavel M Balaban
In the present study, we tested possible ways of modification of the context long-term memory using the reconsolidation as a tool. Recently, using a depletion of the serotonin content, it was shown that the reinforcing neurotransmitter serotonin is necessary for successful repeated reconsolidation of context memory in terrestrial snails Helix lucorum (Balaban et al. in Sci Rep 6:36933, 2016), and in
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Assessment of the molluscicidal impact of extracted chlorophyllin on some biochemical parameters in the nervous tissue and histological changes in Biomphalaria alexandrina and Lymnaea natalensis snails. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-07-27 Amina M Ibrahim,Fayez A Bakry
Biomphalaria alexandrina and Lymnaea natalensis snails are the intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis and fasciolosis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the molluscicidal activity of chlorophyll extract as a photodynamic substance against these snails and how it affected its tissues and the biological system. Chlorophyllin was extracted from deep-frozen Moringa oleifera leaves, and then it
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Identification of putative amine biosynthetic enzymes in the nervous system of the crab, Cancer borealis. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-07-01 Andrew E Christie
Amines function as neuromodulators throughout the animal kingdom. In decapod crustaceans, the amines serving neuromodulatory roles include dopamine, octopamine, serotonin and histamine. While much work has focused on examining the physiological effects of amines on decapod nervous systems, the identity of the native enzymes involved in their biosynthesis remains largely unknown. In an attempt to help
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Neural pathways in the pallial nerve and arm nerve cord revealed by neurobiotin backfilling in the cephalopod mollusk Octopus vulgaris. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-05-10 Pamela Imperadore,Maria Grazia Lepore,Giovanna Ponte,Hans-Joachim Pflüger,Graziano Fiorito
Here, we report the findings after application of neurobiotin tracing to pallial and stellar nerves in the mantle of the cephalopod mollusk Octopus vulgaris and to the axial nerve cord in its arm. Neurobiotin backfilling is a known technique in other molluscs, but it is applied to octopus for the first time to be best of our knowledge. Different neural tracing techniques have been carried out in cephalopods
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Lidocaine and carbamazepine inhibit while phenytoin and lamotrigine paradoxically enhance the insect neuromuscular transmission. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-02-08 Irina M Fedorova,Denis B Tikhonov
Primary mechanism of action of local anesthetics and various anticonvulsants is the voltage-gated sodium channel block. Many of these small molecules also have other targets in nervous system of vertebrates. However, little is known about their action on invertebrate nervous system. Nevertheless, insect-based models are suggested for high-throughput screening of antiepileptic drugs. In the present
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Dysregulation of axogenesis in the antennal nervous system of the embryonic grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-01-17 George Boyan,Erica Ehrhardt
The antennal nervous system of the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria features two parallel axon tracts each established early in embryogenesis by discrete pairs of pioneer neurons located at the antennal tip and whose growth cones contact so-called base pioneers en route to the brain. Here we present two antennal phenotypes in which a stereotypic dysregulation of axogenesis in a given tract is observed
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A study of the role of vision in the foraging behaviour of the pyrrhocorid bug Antilochus conquebertii (Insecta; Hemiptera; Pyrrhocoridae). Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2019-01-02 Monalisa Mishra,Ishita Chakraborty,Srirupa Basu
AbstractOur study aims to describe (1) external morphology of the compound eye of Antilochus conquebertii, (2) postembryonic changes involving the eye’s shape and size and (3) behaviour of the animal with respect to the organization of the compound eye. With each moult of the insect, the structural units of the compound eye increase in size as well as the number, resulting in an overall increase in
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Na+/K+-pump and neurotransmitter membrane receptors. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-11-28 Arkady S Pivovarov,Fernando Calahorro,Robert J Walker
Na+/K+-pump is an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase located in the outer plasma membrane of cells. The Na+/K+-ATPase pumps 3 sodium ions out of cells while pumping 2 potassium ions into cells. Both cations move against their concentration gradients. This enzyme’s electrogenic nature means that it has a chronic role in stabilizing the resting membrane potential of the cell, in regulating the cell volume
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Yeast two-hybrid screening identifies MPZ-1 and PTP-1 as candidate scaffolding proteins of metabotropic glutamate receptors in Caenorhabditis elegans. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-11-11 James Dillon,Lindy Holden-Dye,Vincent O'Connor
The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are a class of G-protein-coupled receptor that undergo extensive interactions with scaffolding proteins, and this is intrinsic to their function as an important group of neuromodulators at glutamatergic synapses. The Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system expresses three metabotropic glutamate receptors, MGL-1, MGL-2 and MGL-3. Relatively little is known
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A rapid introduction to neurological biochemistry using Drosophila melanogaster. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-11-08 Setareh S Chong,Anthony J Wilkinson,Sangeeta Chawla
Short, cost-effective teaching activities are a useful way of providing an integrated view on biological processes. Here we describe a brief, hands-on workshop that allows pre-university students to explore their understanding of a neurological pathway from its chemical bases to phenotype. The workshop effectively introduces the students to data collection and analysis in an enjoyable way and at an
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Investigation of feeding behaviour in C. elegans reveals distinct pharmacological and antibacterial effects of nicotine. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-11-07 M M Kudelska,A Lewis,C T Ng,D A Doyle,L Holden-Dye,V M O'Connor,R J Walker
Caenorhabditis elegans is an informative model to study the neural basis of feeding. A useful paradigm is one in which adult nematodes feed on a bacterial lawn which has been pre-loaded with pharmacological agents and the effect on pharyngeal pumping rate scored. A crucial aspect of this assay is the availability of good quality bacteria to stimulate pumping to maximal levels. A potential confound
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Hibernation induces changes in the metacerebral neurons of Cornu aspersum: distribution and co-localization of cytoskeletal and calcium-binding proteins. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-10-17 Giacomo Gattoni,Violetta Insolia,Graziella Bernocchi
Pulmonate gastropods provide unique opportunities to examine physiological and biochemical adaptation strategies when cellular metabolic activity is reduced. In this study, cytochemical changes in metacerebral neurons of the cerebral ganglia were investigated in the garden snail Cornu aspersum during the hibernation phase. The immunocytochemical expression of three cytoskeletal markers: microtubule-associate
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Molecular characterization of putative neuropeptide, amine, diffusible gas and small molecule transmitter biosynthetic enzymes in the eyestalk ganglia of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-10-01 Andrew E Christie,Meredith E Stanhope,Helen I Gandler,Tess J Lameyer,Micah G Pascual,Devlin N Shea,Andy Yu,Patsy S Dickinson,J Joe Hull
The American lobster, Homarus americanus, is a model for investigating the neuromodulatory control of physiology and behavior. Prior studies have shown that multiple classes of chemicals serve as locally released/circulating neuromodulators/neurotransmitters in this species. Interestingly, while many neuroactive compounds are known from Homarus, little work has focused on identifying/characterizing
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Cloning, localization and bioinformatics analysis of a gene encoding an odorant-binding protein (OBP) in Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky). Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-08-31 Yu Li,Huien Li,Zhigang Wang,Danyang Gao,Kun Xiao,Aihua Yan
Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) has an advanced and complicated olfactory system to identify hosts, mates and spawning locations, and odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) play a key role by binding to volatile materials from different hosts. The full-length cDNA sequence of an OBP, AglaOBP, was cloned by RACE from an antenna cDNA library, and the protein structure and function were predicted by bioinformatics
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Roles of 5-HT on phase transition of neurite outgrowth in the identified serotoninergic neuron C1, Helisoma trivolvis. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-08-20 Kee-Chan Ahn,Glen B Baker,Won-Cheoul Jang,Hyeon-Cheol Cha,Myung Jin Moon,Mee-Sook Song
Neurite outgrowth is a morphological marker of neuronal differentiation and neuroregeneration, and the process includes four essential phases, namely initiation, elongation, guidance and cessation. Intrinsic and extrinsic signaling molecules seem to involve morphological changes of neurite outgrowth via various cellular signaling cascades phase transition. Although mechanisms associated with neurite
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Cloning of a putative sodium/calcium exchanger gene in the crayfish. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-07-17 Bora Ergin,Nuhan Purali
Crayfish is a common model animal for different experimental purposes. However, the lack of information about the genetic properties of the animal limits its use in comparison to other model animals. In the present study, a putative crayfish sodium/calcium exchanger gene has firstly been cloned in ganglia cDNA samples by conducting a series of PCR experiments, where a set of degenerate and specific
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egl-4 modulates electroconvulsive seizure duration in C. elegans. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-05-30 Monica G Risley,Stephanie P Kelly,Justin Minnerly,Kailiang Jia,Ken Dawson-Scully
Increased neuronal excitability causes seizures with debilitating symptoms. Effective and noninvasive treatments are limited for easing symptoms, partially due to the complexity of the disorder and lack of knowledge of specific molecular faults. An unexplored, novel target for seizure therapeutics is the cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG) pathway, which targets downstream K+ channels, a mechanism similar
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Bantam regulates the axonal geometry of Drosophila larval brain by modulating actin regulator enabled. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-05-18 Animesh Banerjee,Jagat Kumar Roy
During development, axonogenesis, an integral part of neurogenesis, is based on well-concerted events comprising generation, rearrangement, migration, elongation, and adhesion of neurons. Actin, specifically the crosstalk between the guardians of actin polymerization, like enabled, chickadee, capping protein plays an essential role in crafting several events of axonogenesis. Recent evidences reflect
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Flubendiamide affects visual and locomotory activities of Drosophila melanogaster for three successive generations (P, F1 and F2). Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-04-26 Saurabh Sarkar,Arnab Roy,Sumedha Roy
Flubendiamide is widely used in agricultural fields to exterminate a broad spectrum of pests (lepidopteran insects) by disrupting their muscle function. The main objective of this study was to find the effects of flubendiamide on a non-target organism, Drosophila melanogaster (dipteran insect). In the present study, different sub-lethal concentrations of Flubendiamide caused a significant (P < 0.05)
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Three-dimensional organization of the brain and distribution of serotonin in the brain and ovary, and its effects on ovarian steroidogenesis in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-03-20 Boworn Soonthornsumrith,Jirawat Saetan,Thanapong Kruangkum,Tipsuda Thongbuakaew,Thanyaporn Senarai,Ronnarong Palasoon,Prasert Sobhon,Prapee Sretarugsa
The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an economically important crustacean species which has also been extensively used as a model in neuroscience research. The crustacean central nervous system is a highly complex structure, especially the brain. However, little information is available on the brain structure, especially the three-dimensional organization. In this study, we demonstrated
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The presynaptic machinery at the synapse of C. elegans. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-03-12 Fernando Calahorro,Patricia G Izquierdo
Synapses are specialized contact sites that mediate information flow between neurons and their targets. Important physical interactions across the synapse are mediated by synaptic adhesion molecules. These adhesions regulate formation of synapses during development and play a role during mature synaptic function. Importantly, genes regulating synaptogenesis and axon regeneration are conserved across
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The allometry of the arcuate body in the postembryonic development of the giant house spider Eratigena atrica. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-03-10 Teresa Napiórkowska,Jarosław Kobak
The brain of arachnids contains a special neuropil area called the arcuate body (AB), whose function has been widely discussed. Its growth and proportion in the brain volume during postembryogenesis have been investigated only in several spider species. Our allometric study is aimed at determining to what extent the development of the AB in Eratigena atrica, a spider with unique biology and behaviour
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Non-amidated and amidated members of the C-type allatostatin (AST-C) family are differentially distributed in the stomatogastric nervous system of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2018-01-13 Andrew E Christie,Alexandra Miller,Rebecca Fernandez,Evyn S Dickinson,Audrey Jordan,Jessica Kohn,Mina C Youn,Patsy S Dickinson
The crustacean stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) is a well-known model for investigating neuropeptidergic control of rhythmic behavior. Among the peptides known to modulate the STNS are the C-type allatostatins (AST-Cs). In the lobster, Homarus americanus, three AST-Cs are known. Two of these, pQIRYHQCYFNPISCF (AST-C I) and GNGDGRLYWRCYFNAVSCF (AST-C III), have non-amidated C-termini, while the
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Evaluating the longevity of surgically extracted Xenopus laevis oocytes for the study of nematode ligand-gated ion channels. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-11-28 Sarah A Abdelmassih,Everett Cochrane,Sean G Forrester
Xenopus laevis oocytes have been extensively used as a heterologous expression system for the study of ion channels. While used successfully worldwide as tool for expressing and characterizing ion channels from a wide range of species, the limited longevity of oocytes once removed from the animal can pose significant challenges. In this study, we evaluate a simple and useful method that extends the
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Morphology and the central nervous system of Eratigena atrica affected by a complex anomaly in the anterior part of the prosoma. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-10-17 Teresa Napiórkowska,Julita Templin,Katarzyna Wołczuk
Spider embryogenesis is affected by a range of environmental factors. Any sudden, drastic change in the environment may impair spider development, leading to various body deformities. In the present study, we analyze changes in the morphology and structure of the central nervous system of an Eratigena atrica larva, obtained in a teratological experiment in which embryos were exposed to alternating
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The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine increases spontaneous afferent firing, but not mechanonociceptive sensitization, in octopus. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-10-07 Paul V Perez,Hanna M Butler-Struben,Robyn J Crook
Serotonin is a widely studied modulator of neural plasticity. Here we investigate the effect of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on short-term, peripheral nociceptive plasticity in the neurologically complex invertebrate, octopus. After crush injury to isolated mantle (body wall) tissue, application of 10 nM fluoxetine increased spontaneous firing in crushed preparations, but had
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Do terrestrial gastropods use olfactory cues to locate and select food actively? Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-07-08 Tibor Kiss
Having been investigated for over 40 years, some aspects of the biology of terrestrial gastropod’s olfactory system have been challenging and highly contentious, while others still remain unresolved. For example, a number of terrestrial gastropod species can track the odor of food, while others have no strong preferences toward food odor; rather they find it by random encounter. Here, while assessing
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Cephalopod biology and care, a COST FA1301 (CephsInAction) training school: anaesthesia and scientific procedures. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-06-15 Vanessa M Lopes,Eduardo Sampaio,Katina Roumbedakis,Nobuaki K Tanaka,Lucía Carulla,Guillermo Gambús,Theodosia Woo,Catarina P P Martins,Virginie Penicaud,Colette Gibbings,Jessica Eberle,Perla Tedesco,Isabel Fernández,Tania Rodríguez-González,Pamela Imperadore,Giovanna Ponte,Graziano Fiorito
Cephalopods are the sole invertebrates included in the list of regulated species following the Directive 2010/63/EU. According to the Directive, achieving competence through adequate training is a requisite for people having a role in the different functions (article 23) as such carrying out procedures on animals, designing procedures and projects, taking care of animals, killing animals. Cephalopod
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Fast calcium transients translate the distribution and conduction of neural activity in different regions of a single sensory neuron. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-06-13 Nuhan Purali
In the present study, cytosolic calcium concentration changes were recorded in response to various forms of excitations, using the fluorescent calcium indicator dye OG-BAPTA1 together with the current or voltage clamp methods in stretch receptor neurons of crayfish. A single action potential evoked a rise in the resting calcium level in the axon and axonal hillock, whereas an impulse train or a large
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Circadian rhythm in melatonin release as a mechanism to reinforce the temporal organization of the circadian system in crayfish. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-05-24 Leonor Mendoza-Vargas,Armida Báez-Saldaña,Ramón Alvarado,Beatriz Fuentes-Pardo,Edgar Flores-Soto,Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
Melatonin (MEL) is a conserved molecule with respect to its synthesis pathway and functions. In crayfish, MEL content in eyestalks (Ey) increases at night under the photoperiod, and this indoleamine synchronizes the circadian rhythm of electroretinogram amplitude, which is expressed by retinas and controlled by the cerebroid ganglion (CG). The aim of this study was to determine whether MEL content
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Manganese tissue accumulation and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining response in the Neotropical freshwater crab, Dilocarcinus pagei, exposed to manganese. Invertebr. Neurosci. Pub Date : 2017-04-27 Silvia Ponzoni
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal for the development and function of the mammalian brain; however, excess Mn accumulation may cause neurological abnormalities resembling Parkinson’s disease due to reductions in brain dopamine levels. Because dopamine also regulates many functions in crustaceans, this study examined the effects of Mn accumulation in Dilocarcinus pagei, a Neotropical freshwater crab