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Ultimate COVID-19 Detection Protocol Based on Saliva Sampling and qRT-PCR with Risk Probability Assessment. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2021-02-08 Joungha Won; Hasan Hüseyin Kazan; Jea Kwon; Myungsun Park; Mehmet Ali Ergun; Sureyya Ozcan; Byung Yoon Choi; Won Do Heo; C Justin Lee
In the era of COVID-19 outbreak, various efforts are undertaken to develop a quick, easy, inexpensive, and accurate way for diagnosis. Although many commercial diagnostic kits are available, detailed scientific evaluation is lacking, making the public vulnerable to fear of false-positive results. Moreover, current tissue sampling method from respiratory tract requires personal contact of medical staff
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Regulation of Gut Microbiota Disrupts the Glucocorticoid Receptor Pathway and Inflammation-related Pathways in the Mouse Hippocampus. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Xuechen Rao; Lanxiang Liu; Haiyang Wang; Ying Yu; Wenxia Li; Tingjia Chai; Wei Zhou; Ping Ji; Jinlin Song; Hong Wei; Peng Xie
An increasing number of studies have recently indicated the important effects of gut microbes on various functions of the central nervous system. However, the underlying mechanisms by which gut microbiota regulate brain functions and behavioral phenotypes remain largely unknown. We therefore used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis to obtain
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Nobiletin Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects against Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibition via Regulating Apoptotic Signaling. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Khulan Amarsanaa; Hye-Ji Kim; Eun-A Ko; Jaemin Jo; Sung-Cherl Jung
Nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavonoid found in citrus, has been studied because of its modulatory functions in cellular signaling cascades, and effects to prevent mitochondrial calcium overload and neuronal cell death. Particularly, we previously reported that nobiletin induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential through K+ channel regulation, suggesting that nobiletin might exert neuroprotective
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Multiplexed Processing of Vibrotactile Information in the Mouse Primary Somatosensory Cortex. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 Yoo Rim Kim; Chang-Eop Kim; Heera Yoon; Sun Kwang Kim; Sang Jeong Kim
The primary somatosensory (S1) cortex plays a key role in distinguishing different sensory stimuli. Vibrotactile touch information is conveyed from the periphery to the S1 cortex through three major classes of mechanoreceptors: slowly adapting type 1 (SA1), rapidly adapting (RA), and Pacinian (PC) afferents. It has been a long-standing question whether specific populations in the S1 cortex preserve
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Intranasal Administration of Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Reduces Stress-Induced Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Behaviors in Rodents. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 Ju-Young Oh; Quan Feng Liu; Cai Hua; Ha Jin Jeong; Jae-Hwan Jang; Songhee Jeon; Hi-Joon Park
Major depressive disorder is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder with few treatment options. Non-targeted antidepressants have low efficacy and can induce series of side effects. While a neuropeptide, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), is known to exhibit regulator of affective state, no study to date has assessed the anti-depressive effects of MCH in a stress-induced depression model. This study
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Spike-triggered Clustering for Retinal Ganglion Cell Classification. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 Jungryul Ahn; Yongseok Yoo; Yong Sook Goo
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the retina's output neurons, encode visual information through spiking. The RGC receptive field (RF) represents the basic unit of visual information processing in the retina. RFs are commonly estimated using the spike-triggered average (STA), which is the average of the stimulus patterns to which a given RGC is sensitive. Whereas STA, based on the concept of the average
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Notch Signaling Controls Oligodendrocyte Regeneration in the Injured Telencephalon of Adult Zebrafish. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Hwan-Ki Kim; Dong-Won Lee; Eunmi Kim; Inyoung Jeong; Suhyun Kim; Bum-Joon Kim; Hae-Chul Park
The myelination of axons in the vertebrate nervous system through oligodendrocytes promotes efficient axonal conduction, which is required for the normal function of neurons. The central nervous system (CNS) can regenerate damaged myelin sheaths through the process of remyelination, but the failure of remyelination causes neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis. In mammals, parenchymal oligodendrocyte
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Urinary Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-11-7 Wongi Seol; Hyejung Kim; Ilhong Son
Global incidence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is rapidly increasing, but the diagnosis of these diseases at their early stage is challenging. Therefore, the availability of reproducible and reliable biomarkers to diagnose such diseases is more critical than ever. In addition, biomarkers could be used not only to diagnose diseases
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Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 4 (Arhgef4) Deficiency Enhances Spatial and Object Recognition Memory. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-11-7 Ki-Seo Yoo; Kina Lee; Yong-Seok Lee; Won-Jong Oh; Hyong Kyu Kim
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) play multiple functional roles in neurons. In a previous study, we reported that Arhgef4 (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4) functioned as a negative regulator of the excitatory synaptic function by sequestering postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). However, the role of Arhgef4 in behavior has not been examined. We performed comprehensive behavioral
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Distribution of Kv3 Subunits in Cochlear Afferent and Efferent Nerve Fibers Implies Distinct Role in Auditory Processing. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-11-7 Woo Bin Kim; Kwon-Woo Kang; Kushal Sharma; Eunyoung Yi
Kv3 family K+ channels, by ensuring speedy repolarization of action potential, enable rapid and high frequency neuronal firing and high precision temporal coding of auditory information in various auditory synapses in the brain. Expression of different Kv3 subtypes within the auditory end organ has been reported. Yet, their precise role at the hair cell synaptic transmission has not been fully elucidated
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Neuroprotection of the Developing Brain by Dexmedetomidine Is Mediated by Attenuating Single Propofol-induced Hippocampal Apoptosis and Synaptic Plasticity Deficits. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-11-7 Wenchong Sun; Jian Wang; Dasheng Cai; Ling Pei
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has neuroprotective effects and its efficacy was determined in propofol-treated pups. Postnatal day (P) 7 rats were exposed to propofol and DEX to investigate the induced apoptosis-related gene expression. Furthermore, synaptic structural changes at the cellular level were observed by electron microscopy. Induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) of P30 rats and long-lasting
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Impaired Hand Dexterity Function in a Non-human Primate Model with Chronic Parkinson's Disease. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-11-7 Jincheol Seo; Jinyoung Won; Keonwoo Kim; Junghyung Park; Hyeon-Gu Yeo; Yu Gyeong Kim; Seung Ho Baek; Hoonwon Lee; Chang-Yeop Jeon; Won Seok Choi; Sangil Lee; Ki Jin Kim; Sung-Hyun Park; Yeonghoon Son; Kang Jin Jeong; Kyung Seob Lim; Philyong Kang; Hwal-Yong Lee; Hee-Chang Son; Jae-Won Huh; Young-Hyun Kim; Dong-Seok Lee; Sang-Rae Lee; Ji-Woong Choi; Youngjeon Lee
Symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons are accompanied by movement disorders, including tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and akinesia. Non-human primate (NHP) models with PD play an essential role in the analysis of PD pathophysiology and behavior symptoms. As impairments of hand dexterity function can affect activities of daily living in patients with PD, research
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EEG Revealed That Fragrances Positively Affect Menopausal Symptoms in Mid-life Women. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-11-7 Sun Ae Moon; Jisub Bae; Kwangsu Kim; Si Young Cho; Gusang Kwon; Ran Lee; Seung Ho Ko; Soyeon Lim; Cheil Moon
During mid-life, women experienced not only physical but also neurological transition. Because of this, many women suffer from physiological and/or psychological menopausal symptoms. Although hormone therapy (HT) was broadly used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, HT showed inconsistent effects in case of psychological symptoms. Moreover, mid-life women's brains have distinct characteristics than in
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Mental Disorders Linked to Crosstalk between The Gut Microbiome and The Brain. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Tae-Yong Choi; Young Pyo Choi; Ja Wook Koo
Often called the second brain, the gut communicates extensively with the brain and vice versa . The conversation between these two organs affects a variety of physiological mechanisms that are associated with our mental health. Over the past decade, a growing body of evidence has suggested that the gut microbiome builds a unique ecosystem inside the gastrointestinal tract to maintain the homeostasis
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L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in a Genetic Drosophila Model of Parkinson's Disease. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-9-15 Joshua A Blosser,Eric Podolsky,Daewoo Lee
Motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) are directly related to the reduction of a neurotransmitter dopamine. Therefore, its precursor L-DOPA became the gold standard for PD treatment. However, chronic use of L-DOPA causes uncontrollable, involuntary movements, called L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in the majority of PD patients. LID is complicated and very difficult to manage. Current rodent and
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Synchrony of Spontaneous Burst Firing between Retinal Ganglion Cells Across Species. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-9-15 Jungryul Ahn,Huu Lam Phan,Seongkwang Cha,Kyo-In Koo,Yongseok Yoo,Yong Sook Goo
Neurons communicate with other neurons in response to environmental changes. Their goal is to transmit information to their targets reliably. A burst, which consists of multiple spikes within a short time interval, plays an essential role in enhancing the reliability of information transmission through synapses. In the visual system, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the output neurons of the retina,
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Assessment of Hand Motor Function in a Non-human Primate Model of Ischemic Stroke. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-9-15 Jinyoung Won,Kyung Sik Yi,Chi-Hoon Choi,Chang-Yeop Jeon,Jincheol Seo,Keonwoo Kim,Hyeon-Gu Yeo,Junghyung Park,Yu Gyeong Kim,Yeung Bae Jin,Bon-Sang Koo,Kyung Seob Lim,Sangil Lee,Ki Jin Kim,Won Seok Choi,Sung-Hyun Park,Young-Hyun Kim,Jae-Won Huh,Sang-Rae Lee,Sang-Hoon Cha,Youngjeon Lee
Ischemic stroke results from arterial occlusion and can cause irreversible brain injury. A non-human primate (NHP) model of ischemic stroke was previously developed to investigate its pathophysiology and for efficacy testing of therapeutic candidates; however, fine motor impairment remains to be well-characterized. We evaluated hand motor function in a cynomolgus monkey model of ischemic stroke. Endovascular
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Higher Lactate Level and Lactate-to-Pyruvate Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2020-9-15 Miae Oh,Soon Ae Kim,Hee Jeong Yoo
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered one of the pathophysiological mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, previous studies of biomarkers associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD have revealed inconsistent results. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical markers associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in subjects with ASD and their unaffected family members
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Physical Exercise Counteracts Stress-induced Upregulation of Melanin-concentrating Hormone in the Brain and Stress-induced Persisting Anxiety-like Behaviors. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-08-19 Tae-Kyung Kim,Pyung-Lim Han
Chronic stress induces anxiety disorders, whereas physical exercise is believed to help people with clinical anxiety. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying stress-induced anxiety and its counteraction by exercise using an established animal model of anxiety. Mice treated with restraint for 2 h daily for 14 days exhibited anxiety-like behaviors, including social and nonsocial
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Palmitoyl Serotonin Inhibits L-dopa-induced Abnormal Involuntary Movements in the Mouse Parkinson Model. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-08-08 Hye-Yeon Park,Young-Kyoung Ryu,Jun Go,Eunjung Son,Kyoung-Shim Kim,Mee Ree Kim
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is the most common treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, long term use of L-DOPA for PD therapy lead to abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) known as dyskinesia. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is enriched protein in basal ganglia, and inhibition of the protein reduces dyskinetic behavior of mice. Palmitoyl serotonin (PA-5HT) is a hybrid
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Effects of the Female Estrous Cycle on the Sexual Behaviors and Ultrasonic Vocalizations of Male C57BL/6 and Autistic BTBR T+ tf/J Mice. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-08-08 Hyopil Kim,Junehee Son,Hyoungseob Yoo,Hakyoo Kim,Jihae Oh,DaeHee Han,Yoon Hwang,Bong-Kiun Kaang
A primary characteristic of autism, which is a neurodevelopmental disorder, is impaired social interaction and communication. Furthermore, patients with autism frequently show abnormal social recognition. In mouse models of autism, social recognition is usually assessed by examining same-sex social behavior using various tests, such as the three-chamber test. However, no studies have examined the ability
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Prothrombin Kringle-2: A Potential Inflammatory Pathogen in the Parkinsonian Dopaminergic System. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-08-08 Eunju Leem,Kyoung Hoon Jeong,So-Yoon Won,Won-Ho Shin,Sang Ryong Kim
Although accumulating evidence suggests that microglia-mediated neuroinflammation may be crucial for the initiation and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD), and that the control of neuroinflammation may be a useful strategy for preventing the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) projections in the adult brain, it is still unclear what kinds of endogenous biomolecules initiate microglial
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Regional Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Novelty Seeking and Antisocial Personality: A Positron Emission Tomography Study. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-07-19 So Hyeon Park,Hyun Soo Park,Sang Eun Kim
Novelty seeking (NS) and antisocial personality (ASP) are commonly exhibited by those who suffer from addictions, such as substance abuse. NS has been suggested to be a fundamental aspect of ASP. To investigate the neurobiological substrate of NS and ASP, we tested the relationship between regional cerebral glucose metabolism and the level of NS, determining the differences between individuals with
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Cerebral Hemodynamics and Vascular Reactivity in Mild and Severe Ischemic Rodent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Stroke Models. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-06-22 Jeongeun Sim,Areum Jo,Bok-Man Kang,Sohee Lee,Oh Young Bang,Chaejeong Heo,Gil-Ja Jhon,Youngmi Lee,Minah Suh
Ischemia can cause decreased cerebral neurovascular coupling, leading to a failure in the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. This study aims to investigate the effect of varying degrees of ischemia on cerebral hemodynamic reactivity using in vivo real-time optical imaging. We utilized direct cortical stimulation to elicit hyper-excitable neuronal activation, which leads to induced hemodynamic changes
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Toxocara canis-Associated Myelitis with Eosinophilic Pneumonia. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-06-08 Kee Hong Park,Young-Soo Kim,Soo-Kyung Kim,Nack-Cheon Choi,Oh-Young Kwon,ByeongHoon Lim,Ki-Jong Park
The existence of Toxocara canis-specific antibodies has recently been reported in patients with atopic myelitis. Here, we report the case of a 35-year-old male patient admitted with a chief complaint of right lower limb hypoesthesia lasting for a month. The patient was diagnosed with eosinophilic pneumonia 3 months ago, and a spine MRI revealed the presence of myelitis in the cervicothoracic cord.
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Bilateral Adduction Palsy in a Patient with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-05-27 Hong-Jeon Kim,Jung-Hwan Oh,Sa-Yoon Kang
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by CTG repeat expansion in the DMPK gene in chromosome 19q13.3. External ophthalmoplegia is a rare manifestation in DM1. We report a DM1 patient confirmed by the presence of 650 CTG triplet expansions in the DMPK gene and had limitation of adduction gaze bilaterally. Brain MRI showed bilateral medial rectus muscles atrophy. Our patient provides additional evidence
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High-Fat Diet and Voluntary Chronic Aerobic Exercise Recover Altered Levels of Aging-Related Tryptophan Metabolites along the Kynurenine Pathway. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-06-26 Keon-Joo Lee,Keun-Hwa Jung,Joo-Youn Cho,Soon-Tae Lee,Hwa Suk Kim,Jun Hwa Shim,Sang Kun Lee,Manho Kim,Kon Chu
Tryptophan metabolites regulate a variety of physiological processes, and their downstream metabolites enter the kynurenine pathway. Age-related changes of metabolites and activities of associated enzymes in this pathway are suggestable and would be potential intervention targets. Blood levels of serum tryptophan metabolites in C57BL/6 mice of different ages, ranging from 6 weeks to 10 months, were
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The Scaffolding Protein, Grb2-associated Binder-1, in Skeletal Muscles and Terminal Schwann Cells Regulates Postnatal Neuromuscular Synapse Maturation. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-06-16 So Young Park,So Young Jang,Yoon Kyoung Shin,Dong Keun Jung,Byeol A Yoon,Jong Kook Kim,Young Rae Jo,Hye Jeong Lee,Hwan Tae Park
The vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is considered as a "tripartite synapse" consisting of a motor axon terminal, a muscle endplate, and terminal Schwann cells that envelope the motor axon terminal. The neuregulin 1 (NRG1)-ErbB2 signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of the NMJ. We previously showed that Grb2-associated binder 1 (Gab1), a scaffolding mediator of receptor
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Distribution and Function of the Bestrophin-1 (Best1) Channel in the Brain. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-06-14 Soo-Jin Oh,C Justin Lee
Bestrophin-1 (Best1) is a calcium-activated anion channel identified from retinal pigment epithelium where human mutations are associated with Best's macular degeneration. Best1 is known to be expressed in a variety of tissues including the brain, and is thought to be involved in many physiological processes. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on aspects of expression and function
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Altered GABAergic Signaling in Brain Disease at Various Stages of Life. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-05-19 Yoo Sung Kim,Bo-Eun Yoon
In the healthy brain, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is regulated by neurons and glia. This begs the question: what happens in the malfunctioning brain? There are many reasons why diseases occur, including genetic mutations, systemic problems, and environmental influences. There are also many ways in which GABA can become dysregulated, such as through alterations in its synthesis or release, and changes
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A High-fat Diet Induces a Loss of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuronal Function That Underlies Motor Abnormalities. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-04-21 Yunseon Jang,Min Joung Lee,Jeongsu Han,Soo Jeong Kim,Ilhwan Ryu,Xianshu Ju,Min Jeong Ryu,Woosuk Chung,Eungseok Oh,Gi Ryang Kweon,Jun Young Heo
Movement defects in obesity are associated with peripheral muscle defects, arthritis, and dysfunction of motor control by the brain. Although movement functionality is negatively correlated with obesity, the brain regions and downstream signaling pathways associated with movement defects in obesity are unclear. A dopaminergic neuronal pathway from the substantia nigra (SN) to the striatum is responsible
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Optogenetic Rescue of Locomotor Dysfunction and Dopaminergic Degeneration Caused by Alpha-Synuclein and EKO Genes. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-04-18 Cheng Qi,Scott Varga,Soo-Jin Oh,C Justin Lee,Daewoo Lee
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a small presynaptic protein and its mutant forms (e.g. A53T) are known to be directly associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying α-Syn-mediated neurodegeneration in PD still remain to be explored. However, several studies strongly support that overexpression of mutant α-Syn causes reduced release of dopamine (DA) in the brain, and contributes
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Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-04-13 Min Gu Park,Heeyeong Jang,Sang-Hoon Lee,C Justin Lee
Radial glial cells (RGCs) which function as neural stem cells are known to be non-excitable and their proliferation depends on the intracellular calcium (Ca2+) level. It has been well established that Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated Ca2+ release and Ca2+ entry through various Ca2+ channels are involved in the proliferation of RGCs. Furthermore, RGCs line the ventricular wall and are exposed
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Pulse-train Stimulation of Primary Somatosensory Cortex Blocks Pain Perception in Tail Clip Test. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-04-10 Soohyun Lee,Eunjin Hwang,Dongmyeong Lee,Jee Hyun Choi
Human studies of brain stimulation have demonstrated modulatory effects on the perception of pain. However, whether the primary somatosensory cortical activity is associated with antinociceptive responses remains unknown. Therefore, we examined the antinociceptive effects of neuronal activity evoked by optogenetic stimulation of primary somatosensory cortex. Optogenetic transgenic mice were subjected
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Immunohistochemical Localization of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein in Axon Terminals of Mouse Hippocampal Neurons. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-03-07 Seong-Yeon Bae,Vadim Sheverdin,Jeehye Maeng,In Kyoon Lyoo,Pyung-Lim Han,Kyunglim Lee
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a cytosolic protein with microtubule stabilization and calcium-binding activities. TCTP is expressed in most organs including the nervous system. However, detailed distribution and functional significance of TCTP in the brain remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the global and subcellular distributions of TCTP in the mouse brain. Immunohistochemical
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Effect of Single and Double Administration of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-02-23 Hyung Woo Park,Yona Kim,Jong Wook Chang,Yoon Sun Yang,Wonil Oh,Jae Min Lee,Hye Ran Park,Dong Gyu Kim,Sun Ha Paek
Stem cell therapies are administered during the acute phase of stroke to preserve the penumbral tissues from ischemic injury. However, the effect of repeated cell therapy during the acute phase remains unclear. In this study, we investigated and compared the functional outcome of single (two days post-injury) and repeated (two and nine days post-injury) treatment with human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal
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Segregated Cell Populations Enable Distinct Parallel Encoding within the Radial Axis of the CA1 Pyramidal Layer. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-02-13 Tristan Geiller,Sebastien Royer,June-Seek Choi
Numerous studies have implicated the hippocampus in the encoding and storage of declarative and spatial memories. Several models have considered the hippocampus and its distinct subfields to contain homogeneous pyramidal cell populations. Yet, recent studies have led to a consensus that the dorso-ventral and proximo-distal axes have different connectivities and physiologies. The remaining deep-superficial
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Orai1 and Orai3 in Combination with Stim1 Mediate the Majority of Store-operated Calcium Entry in Astrocytes. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-02-09 Jea Kwon,Heeyoung An,Moonsun Sa,Joungha Won,Jeong Im Shin,C Justin Lee
Astrocytes are non-excitable cells in the brain and their activity largely depends on the intracellular calcium (Ca2+) level. Therefore, maintaining the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is critical for proper functioning of astrocytes. One of the key regulatory mechanisms of Ca2+ homeostasis in astrocytes is the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). This process is mediated by a combination of the Ca2+-
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Drug Abuse and Psychosis: New Insights into Drug-induced Psychosis. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-02-07 Suji Ham,Tae Kyoo Kim,Sooyoung Chung,Heh-In Im
Addictive drug use or prescribed medicine abuse can cause psychosis. Some representative symptoms frequently elicited by patients with psychosis are hallucination, anhedonia, and disrupted executive functions. These psychoses are categorized into three classifications of symptoms: positive, negative, and cognitive. The symptoms of DIP are not different from the symptoms of schizophrenia, and it is
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M2 Phenotype Microglia-derived Cytokine Stimulates Proliferation and Neuronal Differentiation of Endogenous Stem Cells in Ischemic Brain. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-02-03 Ja Yong Choi,Jong Youl Kim,Jae Young Kim,Joohyun Park,Won Taek Lee,Jong Eun Lee
Microglia play a key role in the immune response and inflammatory reaction that occurs in response to ischemic stroke. Activated microglia promote neuronal damage or protection in injured brain tissue. Extracellular signals polarize the microglia towards the M1/M2 phenotype. The M1/M2 phenotype microglia released pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines which induce the activation of neural stem/progenitor
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Prefrontal Cortical Thickness Deficit in Detoxified Alcohol-dependent Patients. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-12-23 Sujin Bae,Ilhyang Kang,Boung Chul Lee,Yujin Jeon,Han Byul Cho,Sujung Yoon,Soo Mee Lim,Jungyoon Kim,In Kyoon Lyoo,Jieun E Kim,Ihn-Geun Choi
Alcohol dependence is a serious disorder that can be related with a number of potential health-related and social consequences. Cortical thickness measurements would provide important information on the cortical structural alterations in patients with alcohol dependence. Twenty-one patients with alcohol dependence and 22 healthy comparison subjects have been recruited and underwent high-resolution
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Relapsing Polychondritis Presented with Encephalitis Followed by Brain Atrophy. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-12-21 Suk-Won Ahn,Moo-Seok Park,Hae-Bong Jeong,Oh-Sang Kwon,Byung-Nam Yoon,Hee Sung Kim,Sang Tae Choi
Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune disease that is characterized by inflammatory reaction of unknown etiology and destruction of cartilaginous structures. Characteristic symptoms of this disease include cartilage inflammation of the ear, nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, joints, eyes, heart and skin. Concomitance with neurologic symptom is very rare in RP, and the detailed underlying
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Chronic Nonmodulated Microwave Radiations in Mice Produce Anxiety-like and Depression-like Behaviours and Calcium- and NO-related Biochemical Changes in the Brain. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-12-19 Manoj Kumar,Surya P Singh,Chandra M Chaturvedi
The present study was aimed to investigate behavioural and biochemical effects of chronic exposure of amplitude modulated and non-modulated microwave radiation on laboratory mice. Chronic microwave exposures were executed with 2.45 GHz of either modulated (power density, 0.029 mW/cm2; specific absorption rate, 0.019 W/Kg with sinusoidal modulation of 400 Hz) or nonmodulated continuous sinusoidal wave
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Rapid Progression of Sporadic ALS in a Patient Carrying SOD1 p.Gly13Arg Mutation. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-12-15 Myung-Jin Kim,Jae-Han Bae,Jeong-Min Kim,Hye Ryoun Kim,Byung-Nam Yoon,Jung-Joon Sung,Suk-Won Ahn
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common adult onset motor neuron disease, is pathologically characterized by progressive loss of the upper and lower motor neurons. Mutations in the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1) account for about 20% of familial ALS cases and a small percentage of sporadic ALS (SALS) cases, and have revealed a validated genotype-phenotype correlation. Herein, we
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Astrocytic Expression of CTMP Following an Excitotoxic Lesion in the Mouse Hippocampus. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-12-15 Nara Shin,Min-Hee Yi,Sena Kim,Hyunjung Baek,Ursula L Triantafillu,Jongsun Park,Dong Woon Kim
Akt (also known as protein kinase B, PKB) has been seen to play a role in astrocyte activation of neuroprotection; however, the underlying mechanism on deregulation of Akt signaling in brain injuries is not fully understood. We investigated the role of carboxy-terminal modulator protein (CTMP), an endogenous Akt inhibitor, in brain injury following kainic acid (KA)-induced neurodegeneration of mouse
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Neonatal Administration of Memantine Enhances Social Cognition in Adult Rats Subjected to Early Maternal Deprivation. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-12-09 Ezequiel Uribe,Eduardo Sánchez-Mendoza,Nayadoleni Nieves,Gustavo Merchor
Schizophrenia is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder; however, all the available treatment options are used when the disease becomes clinically significant in adolescence or early adulthood. Using a developmental rat model of schizophrenia, we examined whether neonatal treatment with memantine, an NMDA receptor modulator, can improve schizophrenic-like symptoms in adulthood. Early maternal deprivation
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Mildly Increased Mechanical Nociceptive Sensitivity in REV-ERBα Knock-out Mice. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-11-23 Jaehyun Lee,Hyoung-Gon Ko,Kyungjin Kim,Bong-Kiun Kaang
Nociception is one of the most complex senses that is affected not only by external stimulation but also internal conditions. Previous studies have suggested that circadian rhythm is important in modulating nociception. REV-ERBα knock-out (KO) mice have disrupted circadian rhythm and altered mood-related phenotypes. In this study, we examined the role of REV-ERBα in inflammatory nociception. We found
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Functional Connectivity of Basolateral Amygdala Neurons Carrying Orexin Receptors and Melanin-concentrating Hormone Receptors in Regulating Sociability and Mood-related Behaviors. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-11-23 Tae-Kyung Kim,Pyung-Lim Han
Chronic stress induces changes in neuronal functions in specific brain regions regulating sociability and mood-related behaviors. Recently we reported that stress-induced persistent upregulation of the neuropeptides orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the resulting activation of orexin receptors or MCH receptors within the BLA produced deficits in sociability
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Molecular Neuroimaging in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-11-23 Jooyeon Jamie Im,Eun Namgung,Yejee Choi,Jung Yoon Kim,Sandy Jeong Rhie,Sujung Yoon
Over the past decade, an increasing number of neuroimaging studies have provided insight into the neurobiological mechanisms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PSTD). In particular, molecular neuroimaging techniques have been employed in examining metabolic and neurochemical processes in PTSD. This article reviews molecular neuroimaging studies in PTSD and focuses on findings using three imaging modalities
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Bipolar Disorder Associated microRNA, miR-1908-5p, Regulates the Expression of Genes Functioning in Neuronal Glutamatergic Synapses. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-10-28 Yoonhee Kim,Yinhua Zhang,Kaifang Pang,Hyojin Kang,Heejoo Park,Yeunkum Lee,Bokyoung Lee,Heon-Jeong Lee,Won-Ki Kim,Dongho Geum,Kihoon Han
Bipolar disorder (BD), characterized by recurrent mood swings between depression and mania, is a highly heritable and devastating mental illness with poorly defined pathophysiology. Recent genome-wide molecular genetic studies have identified several protein-coding genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) significantly associated with BD. Notably, some of the proteins expressed from BD-associated genes function
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Brain Edema after Repeat Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for a Large Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2016-07-19 Joo Whan Kim,Hyun-Tai Chung,Moon Hee Han,Dong Gyu Kim,Sun Ha Paek
Brain edema due to venous thrombosis following stereotactic radiosurgery for a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) has rarely been reported. We report a patient with a large AVM in the eloquent area, and brain edema developed in this area after repeat Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS). An 18-year-old female presented with a 4-year-history of persistent headache. Magnetic resonance
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Reexamination of Dopaminergic Amacrine Cells in the Rabbit Retina: Confocal Analysis with Double- and Triple-labeling Immunohistochemistry. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-12-18 Jong Woo Lee,Min Young Lim,Yong Soo Park,Su Jin Park,In-Beom Kim
Dopaminergic amacrine cells (DACs) are among the most well-characterized neurons in the mammalian retina, and their connections to AII amacrine cells have been described in detail. However, the stratification of DAC dendrites differs based on their location in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), raising the question of whether all AII lobules are modulated by dopamine release from DACs. The present study
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AAV-Mediated Astrocyte-Specific Gene Expression under Human ALDH1L1 Promoter in Mouse Thalamus. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-12-15 Wuhyun Koh,Yongmin Mason Park,Seung Eun Lee,C Justin Lee
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene delivery has been proposed to be an essential tool of gene therapy for various brain diseases. Among several cell types in the brain, astrocyte has become a promising therapeutic target for brain diseases, as more and more contribution of astrocytes in pathophysiology has been revealed. Until now, genetically targeting astrocytes has been possible by utilizing
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Osteopontin Peptide Icosamer Containing RGD and SLAYGLR Motifs Enhances the Motility and Phagocytic Activity of Microglia. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-12-11 Il-Doo Kim,Hahnbie Lee,Yin-Chuan Jin,Ja-Kyeong Lee
Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glycoprotein that is expressed in various tissues, including brain, and mediates a wide range of cellular activities. In a previous study, the authors observed the robust neuroprotective effects of recombinant OPN and of RGD and SLAYGLR-containing OPN-peptide icosamer (OPNpt20) in an animal model of transient focal ischemia, and demonstrated anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic
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Cell-to-cell Transmission of Polyglutamine Aggregates in C. elegans. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-12-11 Dong-Kyu Kim,Kyu-Won Cho,Woo Jung Ahn,Dayana Perez-Acuña,Hyunsu Jeong,He-Jin Lee,Seung-Jae Lee
Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and cognitive dysfunction caused by expansion of polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat in exon 1 of huntingtin (HTT). In patients, the number of glutamine residues in polyQ tracts are over 35, and it is correlated with age of onset, severity, and disease progression. Expansion of polyQ increases the propensity for HTT
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Inhibition of HIF1α and PDK Induces Cell Death of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-10-25 Jiwon Esther Han,Pyung Won Lim,Chul Min Na,You Sik Choi,Joo Young Lee,Yona Kim,Hyung Woo Park,Hyo Eun Moon,Man Seung Heo,Hye Ran Park,Dong Gyu Kim,Sun Ha Paek
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of brain tumors. GBMs, like other tumors, rely relatively less on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and utilize more aerobic glycolysis, and this metabolic shift becomes augmented under hypoxia. In the present study, we investigated the physiological significance of altered glucose metabolism and hypoxic adaptation
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Modulating the Voltage-sensitivity of a Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicator. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-10-25 Arong Jung,Dhanarajan Rajakumar,Bong-June Yoon,Bradley J Baker
Saturation mutagenesis was performed on a single position in the voltage-sensing domain (VSD) of a genetically encoded voltage indicator (GEVI). The VSD consists of four transmembrane helixes designated S1-S4. The V220 position located near the plasma membrane/extracellular interface had previously been shown to affect the voltage range of the optical signal. Introduction of polar amino acids at this
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Structural and Functional Alterations at Pre-Epileptic Stage Are Closely Associated with Epileptogenesis in Pilocarpine-induced Epilepsy Model. Exp. Neurobiol. (IF 2.37) Pub Date : 2017-10-20 Hani Kim,Yunsook Choi,Hye-Young Joung,Yun Seo Choi,Hyeon Jin Kim,Yohan Joo,Jin-Hwan Oh,Hoo Jae Hann,Zang-Hee Cho,Hyang Woon Lee
Pilocarpine-induced rat epilepsy model is an established animal model that mimics medial temporal lobe epilepsy in humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate neuroimaging abnormalities in various stages of epileptogenesis and to correlate them with seizure severity in pilocarpine-induced rat epilepsy model. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subject to continuous video and electroencephalographic