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Adults' learning of complex explanations violates their intuitions about optimal explanatory order Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Amanda M. McCarthy, Nicole Betz, Frank C. Keil
Should you first teach about the of a microwave or about it heats food? Adults strongly prefer explanations to present function before mechanism and information about a whole to precede information about its component parts. Here we replicate those preferences (Study 1). Using the same stimuli, we then ask whether those pedagogical preferences reflect ease of learning of labels, function, or mechanism
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Conflicts between short- and long-term experiences affect visual perception through modulating sensory or motor response systems: Evidence from Bayesian inference models Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Qi Sun, Jing-Yi Wang, Xiu-Mei Gong
The independent effects of short- and long-term experiences on visual perception have been discussed for decades. However, no study has investigated whether and how these experiences simultaneously affect our visual perception. To address this question, we asked participants to estimate their self-motion directions (i.e., headings) simulated from optic flow, in which a long-term experience learned
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Prime saliency in semantic priming with 18-month-olds Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Nicola Gillen, Armando Quetzalcóatl Angulo-Chavira, Kim Plunkett
This study investigated semantic priming in 18-month-old infants using the inter-modal priming technique, focusing on the effects of prime repetition on saliency. Our findings showed that prime repetition led to longer looking times at target referents for related primes compared to unrelated primes, supporting the existence of a structured semantic system in infants as young as 18 months. The results
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Do toddlers reason about other people's experiences of objects? A limit to early mental state reasoning Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Brandon M. Woo, Gabriel H. Chisholm, Elizabeth S. Spelke
Human social life requires an understanding of the mental states of one's social partners. Two people who look at the same objects often experience them differently, as a twinkling light or a planet, a 6 or a 9, and a random cat or Cleo, their pet. Indeed, a primary purpose of communication is to share distinctive experiences of objects or events. Here, we test whether toddlers (14–15 months) are sensitive
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Brain responses to a lab-evolved artificial language with space-time metaphors Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Tessa Verhoef, Tyler Marghetis, Esther Walker, Seana Coulson
What is the connection between the cultural evolution of a language and the rapid processing response to that language in the brains of individual learners? In an iterated communication study that was conducted previously, participants were asked to communicate temporal concepts such as “tomorrow,” “day after,” “year,” and “past” using vertical movements recorded on a touch screen. Over time, participants
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The nature of anchor-biased estimates and its application to the wisdom of crowds Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Hidehito Honda, Rina Kagawa, Masaru Shirasuna
We propose a method to achieve better wisdom of crowds by utilizing anchoring effects. In this method, people are first asked to make a comparative judgment such as “Is the number of new COVID-19 infections one month later more or less than 10 (or 200,000)?” As in this example, two sufficiently different anchors (e.g., “10” or “200,000”) are set in the comparative judgment. After this comparative judgment
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Weighting of cues to categorization of song versus speech in tone-language and non-tone-language speakers Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Magdalena Kachlicka, Aniruddh D. Patel, Fang Liu, Adam Tierney
One of the most important auditory categorization tasks a listener faces is determining a sound's domain, a process which is a prerequisite for successful within-domain categorization tasks such as recognizing different speech sounds or musical tones. Speech and song are universal in human cultures: how do listeners categorize a sequence of words as belonging to one or the other of these domains? There
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Updating beliefs about pain following advice: Trustworthiness of social advice predicts pain expectations and experience Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Charlotte Krahé, Athanasios Koukoutsakis, Aikaterini Fotopoulou
Prior expectations influence pain experience. These expectations, in turn, rely on prior pain experience, but they may also be socially influenced. Yet, most research has focused on self rather than social expectations about pain, and hardly any studies examined their combined effects on pain. Here, we adopted a Bayesian learning perspective to investigate how explicitly communicated social expectations
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Does rotation eliminate masked priming effects for Japanese kanji words? Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Masahiro Yoshihara, Mariko Nakayama, Xue Junyi, Yasushi Hino
A key issue in recent visual word recognition literature is whether text rotation disrupts the early stages of orthographic processing. Previous research found no masked repetition priming effect when primes were rotated ≥90° in alphabetic languages. The present study investigated the impact of text rotation using logographic (two-character Japanese kanji) words. In Experiment 1, we conducted a masked
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A predictive coding model of the N400 Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Samer Nour Eddine, Trevor Brothers, Lin Wang, Michael Spratling, Gina R. Kuperberg
The N400 event-related component has been widely used to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying real-time language comprehension. However, despite decades of research, there is still no unifying theory that can explain both its temporal dynamics and functional properties. In this work, we show that predictive coding – a biologically plausible algorithm for approximating Bayesian inference – offers
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Metacognitive judgment formation during map learning: Evidence for global monitoring Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Lauren A. Mason, Ayanna K. Thomas, Holly A. Taylor
Street maps are sometimes complex. They may show landmark names, locations, routes between landmarks, and where landmarks are relative to one another. Map learners may aim to learn one map component, like landmark locations, but later must remember a different component, such as routes. In other words, congruency between learning goals and tests may contribute to map memory. Further, research demonstrates
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Chimpanzees demonstrate a behavioural signature of human joint action Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Merryn D. Constable, Emma Suvi McEwen, Günther Knoblich, Callum Gibson, Amanda Addison, Sophia Nestor, Josep Call
The strength of human society can largely be attributed to the tendency to work together to achieve outcomes that are not possible alone. Effective social coordination benefits from mentally representing a partner's actions. Specifically, humans optimize social coordination by forming internal action models adapted to joint rather than individual task demands. To what extent do humans share the cognitive
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Impasse-Driven problem solving: The multidimensional nature of feeling stuck Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Wendy Ross, Selene Arfini
This study reports findings across four preregistered experiments (total = 856) that establish the multidimensional nature of impasse and resolve two paradoxes implicit in the problem-solving literature: how a state of impasse can be at once necessary to solve a problem with insight yet also have appear to have a catastrophic effect on solution rates, and why individuals such as problem-solving and
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The perception of dramatic risks: Biased media, but unbiased minds Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Thorsten Pachur
In their famous study on risk judgments, concluded that people tend to overestimate the frequencies of dramatic causes of death (e.g., homicide, tornado) and underestimate the frequencies of nondramatic ones (e.g., diabetes, heart disease). Further, their analyses of newspapers indicated that dramatic risks are overrepresented in the media—suggesting that people's distorted risk perceptions might be
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Hierarchical and dynamic relationships between body part ownership and full-body ownership Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Sophie H. O'Kane, Marie Chancel, H. Henrik Ehrsson
What is the relationship between experiencing individual body parts and the whole body as one's own? We theorised that body part ownership is driven primarily by the perceptual binding of visual and somatosensory signals from specific body parts, whereas full-body ownership depends on a more global binding process based on multisensory information from several body segments. To examine this hypothesis
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Why are there no girls? Increasing children's recognition of structural causes of the gender gap in STEM Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Jamie Amemiya, Lin Bian
The gender disparity in STEM fields emerges early in development. This research examined children's explanations for this gap and investigated two approaches to enhance children's structural understanding that this imbalance is caused by societal, systematic barriers. Five- to 8-year-old children ( = 145) observed girls' underrepresentation in a STEM competition; the condition presented no additional
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An investigation of the effect of logical structures on Chinese preschool children's counterfactual reasoning development Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Yanwen Wu
Counterfactual reasoning helps people to learn from the past to prepare for the future. In contrast to English with counterfactual markers that directly signal counterfactual reasoning, Mandarin Chinese indicates counterfactual reasoning by counterfactuality enhancers, which enhance rather than directly signal entry into the counterfactual realm. There are more counterfactuality enhancers in subtractive
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How to overcome biases against creativity: The role of familiarity with and confidence in original solutions Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Moritz Reis, Wilfried Kunde
Despite the societal relevance of creative ideas, humans favor traditional over more original solutions, conceivably because of the increased uncertainty that comes with trying novel approaches. Here, we tested whether this anti-creativity bias can be counteracted by increasing familiarity with, and confidence in, creative solutions. Participants chose between creative and traditional uses for given
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Distinguishing between intrinsic and instrumental sources of the value of choice Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Sean Devine, Kevin da Silva Castanheira, Stephen M. Fleming, A. Ross Otto
Considerable evidence suggests that people value the freedom to choose. However, it is unclear whether this preference for choice stems purely from choice's intrinsic value, or whether people prefer to choose because it tends to provide instrumental information about desirable outcomes. To address this question, participants completed a novel choice task in which they could freely choose to exert choice
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Syllabic rhythm and prior linguistic knowledge interact with individual differences to modulate phonological statistical learning Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Ireri Gómez Varela, Joan Orpella, David Poeppel, Pablo Ripolles, M. Florencia Assaneo
Phonological statistical learning - our ability to extract meaningful regularities from spoken language - is considered critical in the early stages of language acquisition, in particular for helping to identify discrete words in continuous speech. Most phonological statistical learning studies use an experimental task introduced by Saffran et al. (1996), in which the syllables forming the words to
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Internal attention modulates the functional state of novel stimulus-response associations in working memory Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Silvia Formica, Ana F. Palenciano, Luc Vermeylen, Nicholas E. Myers, Marcel Brass, Carlos González-García
Information in working memory (WM) is crucial for guiding behavior. However, not all WM representations are equally relevant simultaneously. Current theoretical frameworks propose a functional dissociation between ‘latent’ and ‘active’ states, in which relevant representations are prioritized into an optimal (active) state to face current demands, while relevant information that is not immediately
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Volition motivates cognitive performance at the response-execution level by attenuating task-irrelevant motor activations Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Xiaoxiao Luo, Lihui Wang, Xiaolin Zhou
Humans express volition by making voluntary choices which, relative to forced choices, can motivate cognitive performance in a variety of tasks. However, a task that requires the generation of motor responses on the basis of external sensory stimulation involves complex underlying cognitive processes, e.g., pre-response processing, response selection, and response execution. The present study investigated
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Modeling early phonetic acquisition from child-centered audio data Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Marvin Lavechin, Maureen de Seyssel, Marianne Métais, Florian Metze, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Hervé Bredin, Emmanuel Dupoux, Alejandrina Cristia
Infants learn their native language(s) at an amazing speed. Before they even talk, their perception adapts to the language(s) they hear. However, the mechanisms responsible for this and the circumstances in which it takes place remain unclear. This paper presents the first attempt to study perceptual attunement using ecological child-centered audio data. We show that a simple prediction algorithm exhibits
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Spatial relation categorization in infants and deep neural networks Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Guy Davidson, A. Emin Orhan, Brenden M. Lake
Spatial relations, such as above, below, between, and containment, are important mediators in children’s understanding of the world (Piaget, 1954). The development of these relational categories in infancy has been extensively studied (Quinn, 2003) yet little is known about their computational underpinnings. Using developmental tests, we examine the extent to which deep neural networks, pretrained
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No verbal overshadowing in aphantasia: The role of visual imagery for the verbal overshadowing effect Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Merlin Monzel, Jennifer Handlogten, Martin Reuter
The verbal overshadowing effect refers to the phenomenon that the verbal description of a past complex stimulus impairs its subsequent recognition. Theoretical explanations range from interference between different mental representations to the activation of different processing orientations or a provoked shift in the recognition criterion. In our study, 61 participants with aphantasia (= lack of mental
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Ethical judgments of poverty depictions in the context of charity advertising Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Shannon M. Duncan, Emma E. Levine, Deborah A. Small
Aid organizations, activists, and the media often use graphic depictions of human suffering to elicit sympathy and aid. While effective, critics have condemned these practices as exploitative, objectifying, and deceptive, ultimately labeling them ‘poverty porn.’ This paper examines people's ethical judgments of portrayals of poverty and the criticisms surrounding them, focusing on the context of charity
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When intuitive Bayesians need to be good readers: The problem-wording effect on Bayesian reasoning Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Miroslav Sirota, Gorka Navarrete, Marie Juanchich
Are humans intuitive Bayesians? It depends. People seem to be Bayesians when updating probabilities from experience but not when acquiring probabilities from descriptions (i.e., Bayesian textbook problems). Decades of research on textbook problems have focused on how the format of the statistical information (e.g., the natural frequency effect) affects such reasoning. However, it pays much less attention
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Wordform variability in infants’ language environment and its effects on early word learning Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Charlotte Moore, Elika Bergelson
Most research regarding early word learning in English tends to make the simplifying assumption that there exists a one-to-one mapping between concrete objects and their labels. In the current work, we provide evidence that runs counter to this assumption, aligning English with more morphologically-rich languages. We suggest that even in a morphologically-poor language like English, real world language
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Opposite size illusions for inverted faces and letters Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Eamonn Walsh, Carolina Moreira, Matthew R. Longo
Words are the primary means by which we communicate meaning and ideas, while faces provide important social cues. Studying visual illusions involving faces and words can elucidate the hierarchical processing of information as different regions of the brain are specialised for face recognition and word processing. A size illusion has previously been demonstrated for faces, whereby an inverted face is
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Heart is deceitful above all things: Threat expectancy induces the illusory perception of increased heartrate Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Eleonora Parrotta, Patric Bach, Mauro Gianni Perrucci, Marcello Costantini, Francesca Ferri
It has been suggested that our perception of the internal milieu, or the body's internal state, is shaped by our beliefs and previous knowledge about the body's expected state, rather than being solely based on actual interoceptive experiences. This study investigated whether heartbeat perception could be illusorily distorted towards prior subjective beliefs, such that threat expectations suffice to
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How can I find what I want? Can children, chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys form abstract representations to guide their behavior in a sampling task? Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Elisa Felsche, Christoph J. Völter, Esther Herrmann, Amanda M. Seed, Daphna Buchsbaum
Abstract concepts are a powerful tool for making wide-ranging predictions in new situations based on little experience. Whereas looking-time studies suggest an early emergence of this ability in human infancy, other paradigms like the relational match to sample task often fail to detect abstract concepts until late preschool years. Similarly, non-human animals show difficulties and often succeed only
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Similarity-induced interference or facilitation in language production reflects representation, not selection Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Gary M. Oppenheim, Nazbanou Nozari
Researchers have long interpreted the presence or absence of semantic interference in picture naming latencies as confirming or refuting theoretical claims regarding competitive lexical selection. But inconsistent empirical results challenge any mechanistic interpretation. A behavioral experiment first verified an apparent boundary condition in a blocked picture naming task: when orthogonally manipulating
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Perception and memory-based representations of facial emotions: Associations with personality functioning, affective states and recognition abilities Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Chi-Hsun Chang, Natalia Drobotenko, Anthony C. Ruocco, Andy C.H. Lee, Adrian Nestor
Personality traits and affective states are associated with biases in facial emotion perception. However, the precise personality impairments and affective states that underlie these biases remain largely unknown. To investigate how relevant factors influence facial emotion perception and recollection, Experiment 1 employed an image reconstruction approach in which community-dwelling adults (N = 89)
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Shifting attention between perception and working memory Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Daniela Gresch, Sage E.P. Boettcher, Freek van Ede, Anna C. Nobre
Most everyday tasks require shifting the focus of attention between sensory signals in the external environment and internal contents in working memory. To date, shifts of attention have been investigated within each domain, but shifts between the external and internal domain remain poorly understood. We developed a combined perception and working-memory task to investigate and compare the consequences
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Individual differences in internal models explain idiosyncrasies in scene perception Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Gongting Wang, Matthew J. Foxwell, Radoslaw M. Cichy, David Pitcher, Daniel Kaiser
According to predictive processing theories, vision is facilitated by predictions derived from our internal models of what the world should look like. However, the contents of these models and how they vary across people remains unclear. Here, we use drawing as a behavioral readout of the contents of the internal models in individual participants. Participants were first asked to draw typical versions
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Confirmation bias emerges from an approximation to Bayesian reasoning Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Charlie Pilgrim, Adam Sanborn, Eugene Malthouse, Thomas T. Hills
Confirmation bias is defined as searching for and assimilating information in a way that favours existing beliefs. We show that confirmation bias emerges as a natural consequence of boundedly rational belief updating by presenting the BIASR model (Bayesian updating with an Independence Approximation and Source Reliability). In this model, an individual’s beliefs about a hypothesis and the source reliability
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The deflationary model of harm and moral wrongdoing: A rejoinder to Royzman & Borislow Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Miklós Kürthy, Paulo Sousa
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Changing your mind about the data: Updating sampling assumptions in inductive inference Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Brett K. Hayes, Joshua Pham, Jaimie Lee, Andrew Perfors, Keith Ransom, Saoirse Connor Desai
When people use samples of evidence to make inferences, they consider both the sample contents and how the sample was generated (“sampling assumptions”). The current studies examined whether people can update their sampling assumptions – whether they can revise a belief about sample generation that is discovered to be incorrect, and reinterpret old data in light of the new belief. We used a property
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Generative and active engagement in learning neuroscience: A comparison of self-derivation and rephrase Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Julia T. Wilson, Patricia J. Bauer
It is crucial to identify cognitive mechanisms that support knowledge growth. One such mechanism that is known to improve learning outcomes is generative processing: the construction of novel information beyond what is directly taught. In this study of college students, we investigate the learning outcomes associated with the generative process of self-derivation through integration, the integration
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Statistical learning of syllable sequences as trajectories through a perceptual similarity space Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Wendy Qi, Jason D. Zevin
Learning from sequential statistics is a general capacity common across many cognitive domains and species. One form of statistical learning (SL) – learning to segment “words” from continuous streams of speech syllables in which the only segmentation cue is ostensibly the transitional (or conditional) probability from one syllable to the next – has been studied in great detail. Typically, this phenomenon
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Compositional diversity in visual concept learning Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-14 Yanli Zhou, Reuben Feinman, Brenden M. Lake
Humans leverage compositionality to efficiently learn new concepts, understanding how familiar parts can combine together to form novel objects. In contrast, popular computer vision models struggle to make the same types of inferences, requiring more data and generalizing less flexibly than people do. Here, we study these distinctively human abilities across a range of different types of visual composition
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Word meaning is complex: Language-related generalization differences in autistic adults Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Nicole Cuneo, Sammy Floyd, Adele E. Goldberg
The current study marries two important observations. First, there is a growing recognition that word meanings need to be flexibly extended in new ways as new contexts arise. Second, as evidenced primarily within the perceptual domain, autistic individuals tend to find generalization more challenging while showing stronger veridical memory in comparison to their neurotypical peers. Here we report that
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Motivational drivers of costly information search Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Michalis Mamakos, Galen V. Bodenhausen
Acquiring information that aids decision-making is subject to a trade-off of accuracy versus cost, given that time, effort, or money are required to obtain decision-relevant information. Three studies (N = 2010) investigated the motivational dynamics shaping the priorities that govern this trade-off. Motivational orientations related to both the decision-making process and its outcome were examined
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Can the prosocial benefits of episodic simulation transfer to different people and situational contexts? Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Ding-Cheng Peng, Sarah Cowie, David Moreau, Donna Rose Addis
Previous research has found that episodic simulation of events of helping others can effectively enhance intentions to help the same person involved and the identical situational context as the imagined scenarios. This ‘prosocial simulation effect’ is argued to reflect, at least in part, associative memory mechanisms whereby the simulation is reactivated when in the same situation as that imagined
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Exposure to temporal variability promotes subsequent adaptation to new temporal regularities Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Orit Shdeour, Noam Tal-Perry, Moshe Glickman, Shlomit Yuval-Greenberg
Noise is intuitively thought to interfere with perceptual learning; However, human and machine learning studies suggest that, in certain contexts, variability may reduce overfitting and improve generalizability. Whereas previous studies have examined the effects of variability in learned stimuli or tasks, it is hitherto unknown what are the effects of variability in the temporal environment. Here,
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Stimulus awareness is necessary for both instrumental learning and instrumental responding to previously learned stimuli Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Lina I. Skora, Ryan B. Scott, Gerhard Jocham
Instrumental conditioning is a crucial part of adaptive behaviour, allowing agents to selectively interact with stimuli in their environment. Recent evidence suggests that instrumental conditioning cannot proceed without stimulus awareness. However, whether accurate unconscious instrumental responding can emerge from consciously acquired knowledge of the stimulus-action-outcome contingencies is unknown
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Implicature priming, salience, and context adaptation Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Paul Marty, Jacopo Romoli, Yasutada Sudo, Richard Breheny
Recent experimental research has observed two kinds of priming effects on quantity implicatures. One is the Strong–Weak contrast, where more quantity implicatures are observed after prime trials forcing interpretations with quantity implicatures (‘Strong primes’) than after prime trials forcing interpretations without quantity implicatures (‘Weak primes’). The other effect is the Alternative-Weak contrast
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Internal speech is faster than external speech: Evidence for feedback-based temporal control Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Sam Tilsen
A recent model of temporal control in speech holds that speakers use sensory feedback to control speech rate and articulatory timing. An experiment was conducted to assess whether there is evidence in support of this hypothesis by comparing durations of phrases in external speech (with sensory feedback) and internal speech (without sensory feedback). Phrase lengths were varied by including one to three
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Testimony and observation of statistical evidence interact in adults' and children's category-based induction Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Zoe Finiasz, Susan A. Gelman, Tamar Kushnir
Hearing generic or other kind-relevant claims can influence the use of information from direct observations in category learning. In the current study, we ask how both adults and children integrate their observations with testimony when learning about the causal property of a novel category. Participants were randomly assigned to hear one of four types of testimony: generic, quantified “all”, specific
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The spread of affective and semantic valence representations across states Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Orit Heimer, Uri Hertz
In many decision problems, outcomes are not reached after a single action but rather after a series of events or states. To optimize decisions over multiple states, representations of how good or bad the outcomes are, that is, the outcomes’ valence, should spread across states. One mechanism for valence spreading is a temporal, state-independent process in which a single valence representation is updated
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Generalization of auditory expertise in audio engineers and instrumental musicians Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Francesco Caprini, Sijia Zhao, Maria Chait, Trevor Agus, Ulrich Pomper, Adam Tierney, Fred Dick
From auditory perception to general cognition, the ability to play a musical instrument has been associated with skills both related and unrelated to music. However, it is unclear if these effects are bound to the specific characteristics of musical instrument training, as little attention has been paid to other populations such as audio engineers and designers whose auditory expertise may match or
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Three-year-olds' ability to plan for mutually exclusive future possibilities is limited primarily by their representations of possible plans, not possible events Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Esra Nur Turan-Küçük, Melissa M. Kibbe
The ability to prepare for mutually exclusive possible events in the future is essential for everyday decision making. Previous studies have suggested that this ability develops between the ages of 3 and 5 years, and in young children is primarily limited by the ability to represent the set of possible outcomes of an event as “possible”. We tested an alternative hypothesis that this ability may be
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Perceptual addition of continuous magnitudes in an ‘artificial algebra’ Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Nicola J. Morton, Cameron Hooson-Smith, Kate Stuart, Simon Kemp, Randolph C. Grace
Although there is substantial evidence for an innate ‘number sense’ that scaffolds learning about mathematics, whether the underlying representations are based on discrete or continuous perceptual magnitudes has been controversial. Yet the nature of the computations supported by these representations has been neglected in this debate. While basic computation of discrete non-symbolic quantities has
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When does “no” mean no? Insights from sex robots Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 Anastasiia D. Grigoreva, Joshua Rottman, Arber Tasimi
Although sexual assault is widely accepted as morally wrong, not all instances of sexual assault are evaluated in the same way. Here, we ask whether different characteristics of victims affect people's moral evaluations of sexual assault perpetrators, and if so, how. We focus on sex robots (i.e., artificially intelligent humanoid social robots designed for sexual gratification) as victims in the present
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Twenty years of experimental pragmatics. New advances in scalar implicature and metaphor processing Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-24 Valentina Bambini, Filippo Domaneschi
Abstract not available
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Abstract processing of syllabic structures in early infancy Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Chiara Santolin, Konstantina Zacharaki, Juan Manuel Toro, Nuria Sebastian-Galles
Syllables are one of the fundamental building blocks of early language acquisition. From birth onwards, infants preferentially segment, process and represent the speech into syllable-sized units, raising the question of what type of computations infants are able to perform on these perceptual units. Syllables are abstract units structured in a way that allows grouping phonemes into sequences. The goal
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The puzzle of wrongless injustice: Reflections on Kürthy and Sousa Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Edward B. Royzman, Samuel H. Borislow
The Database of Exemplars (DOE) account of moral cognition emerged in part to explain how wrongless harms could arise (Royzman & Borislow, 2022; henceforth, RB) in spite of being denied by most traditional models (Schein & Gray, 2018; Turiel, 1983; Shweder, 1997; Haidt, 2012). Herein, we defend this account against a set of results that have been claimed to disprove it (Kurthy & Sousa, this issue;
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Autonomous behaviour and the limits of human volition Cognition (IF 4.011) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Keiji Ota, Lucie Charles, Patrick Haggard
Humans and some other animals can autonomously generate action choices that contribute to solving complex problems. However, experimental investigations of the cognitive bases of human autonomy are challenging, because experimental paradigms typically constrain behaviour using controlled contexts, and elicit behaviour by external triggers. In contrast, autonomy and freedom imply unconstrained behaviour