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Theoretical and Technical Issues Concerning the Measurement of Alpha Frequency and the Application of Signal Detection Theory: Comment on Buergers and Noppeney (2022) J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Tomoya Kawashima, Ryohei Nakayama, Kaoru Amano
Classical and recent evidence has suggested that alpha oscillations play a critical role in temporally discriminating or binding successively presented items. Challenging this view, Buergers and Noppeney [Buergers, S., & Noppeney, U. The role of alpha oscillations in temporal binding within and across the senses. Nature Human Behaviour, 6, 732–742, 2022] found that by combining EEG, psychophysics,
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Individual Alpha Frequency Contributes to the Precision of Human Visual Processing J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Luca Tarasi, Vincenzo Romei
Brain oscillatory activity within the alpha band has been associated with a wide range of processes encompassing perception, memory, decision-making, and overall cognitive functioning. Individual alpha frequency (IAF) is a specific parameter accounting for the mean velocity of the alpha cycling activity, conventionally ranging between ∼7 and ∼13 Hz. One influential hypothesis has proposed a fundamental
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A Role for Bottom–Up Alpha Oscillations in Temporal Integration J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Golan Karvat, Ayelet N. Landau
Neural oscillations in the 8–12 Hz alpha band are thought to represent top–down inhibitory control and to influence temporal resolution: Individuals with faster peak frequencies segregate stimuli appearing closer in time. Recently, this theory has been challenged. Here, we investigate a special case in which alpha does not correlate with temporal resolution: when stimuli are presented amidst strong
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Alpha-Band Frequency and Temporal Windows in Perception: A Review and Living Meta-analysis of 27 Experiments (and Counting) J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jason Samaha, Vincenzo Romei
Temporal windows in perception refer to windows of time within which distinct stimuli interact to influence perception. A simple example is two temporally proximal stimuli fusing into a single percept. It has long been hypothesized that the human alpha rhythm (an 8- to 13-Hz neural oscillation maximal over posterior cortex) is linked to temporal windows, with higher frequencies corresponding to shorter
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Sensory Drive Modifies Brain Dynamics and the Temporal Integration Window J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Golan Karvat, Nir Ofir, Ayelet N. Landau
Perception is suggested to occur in discrete temporal windows, clocked by cycles of neural oscillations. An important testable prediction of this theory is that individuals' peak frequencies of oscillations should correlate with their ability to segregate the appearance of two successive stimuli. An influential study tested this prediction and showed that individual peak frequency of spontaneously
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Alpha-band Brain Dynamics and Temporal Processing: An Introduction to the Special Focus J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jason Samaha, Vincenzo Romei
For decades, the intriguing connection between the human alpha rhythm (an 8- to 13-Hz oscillation maximal over posterior cortex) and temporal processes in perception has furnished a rich landscape of proposals. The past decade, however, has seen a surge in interest in the topic, bringing new theoretical, analytic, and methodological developments alongside fresh controversies. This Special Focus on
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The Influence of Alpha Frequency on Temporal Binding across the Senses: Response to the Special Focus J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Uta Noppeney, Ugo Giulio Pesci, Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen
The papers collected in this Special Focus, prompted by S. Buergers and U. Noppeney [The role of alpha oscillations in temporal binding within and across the senses. Nature Human Behaviour, 6, 732–742, 2022], have raised several interesting ideas, arguments, and empirical results relating to the alpha temporal resolution hypothesis. Here we briefly respond to these, and in the process emphasize four
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Alpha Oscillations and Temporal Binding Windows in Perception—A Critical Review and Best Practice Guidelines J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen, Ugo Giulio Pesci, Uta Noppeney
An intriguing question in cognitive neuroscience is whether alpha oscillations shape how the brain transforms the continuous sensory inputs into distinct percepts. According to the alpha temporal resolution hypothesis, sensory signals arriving within a single alpha cycle are integrated, whereas those in separate cycles are segregated. Consequently, shorter alpha cycles should be associated with smaller
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Impact of Monocular Retinal Lesions on Blob Size in Adult Human V1 J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Marco Marcondes, Mariana F. Farias, Luis F. Pary, Mario Fiorani, Bruss Lima, Ana Karla J. Amorim, Ricardo Gattass
We studied the attributes of cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx)-rich blobs and ocular dominance columns (OD) in human V1 associated with monocular retinal lesions. Interblob distance, blob cross-sectional area, OD width, and OD arrangement pattern were analyzed in CytOx-reacted tangential sections of flat-mounted V1 preparations. Monocular deprivation induces differential expression of CytOx in the corresponding
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Investigating the Effect of Contextual Cueing with Face Stimuli on Electrophysiological Measures in Younger and Older Adults J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Boglárka Nagy, Petia Kojouharova, Andrea B. Protzner, Zsófia Anna Gaál
Extracting repeated patterns from our surroundings plays a crucial role in contextualizing information, making predictions and guiding our behavior implicitly. Previous research showed that contextual cueing enhances visual search performance in younger adults. In this study, we investigated whether contextual cueing could also improve older adults' performance and whether age-related differences in
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Lesion-symptom Mapping of Acceptability Judgments in Chronic Poststroke Aphasia Reveals the Neurobiological Underpinnings of Receptive Syntax J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Danielle Fahey, Julius Fridriksson, Gregory Hickok, William Matchin
Disagreements persist regarding the neural basis of syntactic processing, which has been linked both to inferior frontal and posterior temporal regions of the brain. One focal point of the debate concerns the role of inferior frontal areas in receptive syntactic ability, which is mostly assessed using sentence comprehension involving complex syntactic structures, a task that is potentially confounded
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The Role of Letter–Speech Sound Integration in Native and Second Language Reading: A Study in Native Japanese Readers Learning English J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Dongyang Yan, Ayumi Seki
The automatic activation of letter–speech sound (L-SS) associations is a vital step in typical reading acquisition. However, the contribution of L-SS integration during nonalphabetic native and alphabetic second language (L2) reading remains unclear. This study explored whether L-SS integration plays a similar role in a nonalphabetic language as in alphabetic languages and its contribution to L2 reading
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Behavioral Bias for Exploration Is Associated with Enhanced Signaling in the Lateral and Medial Frontopolar Cortex J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Lasse Güldener, Stefan Pollmann
Should we keep doing what we know works for us, or should we risk trying something new as it could work even better? The exploration–exploitation dilemma is ubiquitous in daily life decision-making, and balancing between the two is crucial for adaptive behavior. Yet, we only have started to unravel the neurocognitive mechanisms that help us to find this balance in practice. Analyzing BOLD signals of
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EEG Spectral-power Volatility Predicts Problem-solving Outcomes J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Yuhua Yu, Yongtaek Oh, John Kounios, Mark Beeman
Temporal variability is a fundamental property of brain processes and is functionally important to human cognition. This study examined how fluctuations in neural oscillatory activity are related to problem-solving performance as one example of how temporal variability affects high-level cognition. We used volatility to assess step-by-step fluctuations of EEG spectral power while individuals attempted
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Entities, Uncertainties, and Behavioral Indicators of Consciousness J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 L. Syd M Johnson
Two problems related to the identification of consciousness are the distribution problem—or how and among which entities consciousness is distributed in the world—and the moral status problem—or which species, entities, and individuals have moral status. The use of inferences from neurobiological and behavioral evidence, and their confounds, for identifying consciousness in nontypically functioning
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Auditory Processing of Intonational Rises and Falls in German: Rises Are Special in Attention Orienting J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Maria Lialiou, Martine Grice, Christine T. Röhr, Petra B. Schumacher
This article investigates the processing of intonational rises and falls when presented unexpectedly in a stream of repetitive auditory stimuli. It examines the neurophysiological correlates (ERPs) of attention to these unexpected stimuli through the use of an oddball paradigm where sequences of repetitive stimuli are occasionally interspersed with a deviant stimulus, allowing for elicitation of a
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Bilingual Language Control in the Brain: Evidence from Structural and Effective Functional Brain Connectivity J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Gongting Wang, Lily Tao
Experience in bilingual language control is often accompanied by changes in the structure and function of the brain. Brain structural changes are also often closely related to changes in functions. Previous studies, however, have not directly explored the relationship between structural connectivity and effective functional connectivity of the brain during bilingual language control, and whether the
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Neural Mechanisms Determining the Duration of Task-free, Self-paced Visual Perception J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Shira Baror, Thomas J. Baumgarten, Biyu J. He
Humans spend hours each day spontaneously engaging with visual content, free from specific tasks and at their own pace. Currently, the brain mechanisms determining the duration of self-paced perceptual behavior remain largely unknown. Here, participants viewed naturalistic images under task-free settings and self-paced each image's viewing duration while undergoing EEG and pupillometry recordings.
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Separable Representations for Duration and Distance in Virtual Movements J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Keri Anne Gladhill, Eva Marie Robinson, Candice Stanfield-Wiswell, Farah Bader, Martin Wiener
To navigate through the environment, humans must be able to measure both the distance traveled in space, and the interval elapsed in time. Yet, how the brain holds both of these metrics simultaneously is less well known. One possibility is that participants measure how far and how long they have traveled relative to a known reference point. To measure this, we had human participants (n = 24) perform
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Associative Visuomotor Learning Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Induces Stimulus–Response Interference J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Leslie K. Held, Emiel Cracco, Lara Bardi, Maggie Kiraga, Elio Cristianelli, Marcel Brass, Elger L. Abrahamse, Senne Braem
Classical conditioning states that the systematic co-occurrence of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus can cause the neutral stimulus to, over time, evoke the same response as the unconditioned stimulus. On a neural level, Hebbian learning suggests that this type of learning occurs through changes in synaptic plasticity when two neurons are simultaneously active, resulting in increased
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The Self-reference Effect Can Modulate Language Syntactic Processing Even Without Explicit Awareness: An Electroencephalography Study J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Miguel Rubianes, Linda Drijvers, Francisco Muñoz, Laura Jiménez-Ortega, Tatiana Almeida-Rivera, José Sánchez-García, Sabela Fondevila, Pilar Casado, Manuel Martín-Loeches
Although it is well established that self-related information can rapidly capture our attention and bias cognitive functioning, whether this self-bias can affect language processing remains largely unknown. In addition, there is an ongoing debate as to the functional independence of language processes, notably regarding the syntactic domain. Hence, this study investigated the influence of self-related
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Human Visual Cortex and Deep Convolutional Neural Network Care Deeply about Object Background J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jessica Loke, Noor Seijdel, Lukas Snoek, Lynn K. A. Sörensen, Ron van de Klundert, Matthew van der Meer, Eva Quispel, Natalie Cappaert, H. Steven Scholte
Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) are able to partially predict brain activity during object categorization tasks, but factors contributing to this predictive power are not fully understood. Our study aimed to investigate the factors contributing to the predictive power of DCNNs in object categorization tasks. We compared the activity of four DCNN architectures with EEG recordings obtained
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The Early Subcortical Response at the Fundamental Frequency of Speech Is Temporally Separated from Later Cortical Contributions J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Alina Schüller, Achim Schilling, Patrick Krauss, Tobias Reichenbach
Most parts of speech are voiced, exhibiting a degree of periodicity with a fundamental frequency and many higher harmonics. Some neural populations respond to this temporal fine structure, in particular at the fundamental frequency. This frequency-following response to speech consists of both subcortical and cortical contributions and can be measured through EEG as well as through magnetoencephalography
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Conscious Experience of Stimulus Presence and Absence Is Actively Encoded by Neurons in the Crow Brain J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Lysann Wagener, Andreas Nieder
The emergence of consciousness from brain activity constitutes one of the great riddles in biology. It is commonly assumed that only the conscious perception of the presence of a stimulus elicits neuronal activation to signify a “neural correlate of consciousness,” whereas the subjective experience of the absence of a stimulus is associated with a neuronal resting state. Here, we demonstrate that the
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Understanding Cortical Streams from a Computational Perspective J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Zhixian Han, Anne B. Sereno
The two visual cortical stream hypothesis, which suggests object properties (what) are processed separately from spatial properties (where), has a longstanding history, and much evidence has accumulated to support its conjectures. Nevertheless, in the last few decades, conflicting evidence has mounted that demands some explanation and modification. For example, existence of (1) shape activities (fMRI)
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Homeostatic Feelings and the Emergence of Consciousness J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Antonio Damasio, Hanna Damasio
In this article, we summarize our views on the problem of consciousness and outline the current version of a novel hypothesis for how conscious minds can be generated in mammalian organisms. We propose that a mind can be considered conscious when three processes are in place: the first is a continuous generation of interoceptive feelings, which results in experiencing of the organism's internal operations;
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A Machine Learning Study of Anxiety-related Symptoms and Error-related Brain Activity J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Anna Grabowska, Filip Sondej, Magdalena Senderecka
Changes in error processing are observable in a range of anxiety-related disorders. Numerous studies, however, have reported contradictory and nonreplicating findings, thus the exact mapping of brain response to errors (i.e., error-related negativity [ERN]; error-related positivity, Pe) onto specific anxiety symptoms remains unclear. In this study, we collected 16 self-reported scores of anxiety dimensions
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Multiplexed Levels of Cognitive Control through Delta and Theta Neural Oscillations J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Mattia F. Pagnotta, Justin Riddle, Mark D’Esposito
Cognitive control allows behavior to be guided according to environmental contexts and internal goals. During cognitive control tasks, fMRI analyses typically reveal increased activation in frontal and parietal networks, and EEG analyses reveal increased amplitude of neural oscillations in the delta/theta band (2–3, 4–7 Hz) in frontal electrodes. Previous studies proposed that theta-band activity reflects
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EEG Searchlight Decoding Reveals Person- and Place-specific Responses for Semantic Category and Familiarity J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Andrea Bruera, Massimo Poesio
Proper names are linguistic expressions referring to unique entities, such as individual people or places. This sets them apart from other words like common nouns, which refer to generic concepts. And yet, despite both being individual entities, one's closest friend and one's favorite city are intuitively associated with very different pieces of knowledge—face, voice, social relationship, autobiographical
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Neural Signatures of Competition between Voluntary and Involuntary Influences over the Focus of Attention in Visual Working Memory J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Yun Ding, Bradley R. Postle, Freek van Ede
Adaptive behavior relies on the selection and prioritization of relevant sensory inputs from the external environment as well as from among internal sensory representations held in working memory. Recent behavioral evidence suggests that the classic distinction between voluntary (goal-driven) and involuntary (stimulus-driven) influences over attentional allocation also applies to the selection of internal
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Metacognitive Awareness and the Subjective Experience of Remembering in Aphantasia J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Michael J. Siena, Jon S. Simons
Individuals with aphantasia, a nonclinical condition typically characterized by mental imagery deficits, often report reduced episodic memory. However, findings have hitherto rested largely on subjective self-reports, with few studies experimentally investigating both objective and subjective aspects of episodic memory in aphantasia. In this study, we tested both aspects of remembering in aphantasic
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Nonfrontal Control of Working Memory J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Thomas Christophel, Simon Weber, Chang Yan, Lee Stopak, Stefan Hetzer, John-Dylan Haynes
Items held in visual working memory can be quickly updated, replaced, removed, and even manipulated in accordance with current behavioral goals. Here, we use multivariate pattern analyses to identify the patterns of neuronal activity that realize the executive control processes supervising these flexible stores. We find that portions of the middle temporal gyrus and the intraparietal sulcus represent
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Neural Underpinnings of Learning in Dementia Populations: A Review of Motor Learning Studies Combined with Neuroimaging J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Jessica A. Korte, Alyssa Weakley, Kareelynn Donjuan Fernandez, Wilsaan M. Joiner, Audrey P. Fan
The intent of this review article is to serve as an overview of current research regarding the neural characteristics of motor learning in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as prodromal phases of AD: at-risk populations, and mild cognitive impairment. This review seeks to provide a cognitive framework to compare various motor tasks. We will highlight the neural characteristics related to cognitive domains
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Encoding-related Brain Activity Predicts Subsequent Trial-level Control of Proactive Interference in Working Memory J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 George Samrani, Jonas Persson
Proactive interference (PI) appears when familiar information interferes with newly acquired information and is a major cause of forgetting in working memory. It has been proposed that encoding of item–context associations might help mitigate familiarity-based PI. Here, we investigate whether encoding-related brain activation could predict subsequent level of PI at retrieval using trial-specific parametric
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The Laboratory of Brain and Cognition: A Brief History J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Alex Martin
Leslie Ungerleider was the Chief of the Laboratory of Brain and Cognition in the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Mental Health from its creation in the early 1990s until her untimely death in 2020. Here, I describe the events leading up to the formation of the laboratory and its early history.
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Steady-state Visual Evoked Potentials Reveal Dynamic (Re)allocation of Spatial Attention during Maintenance and Utilization of Visual Working Memory J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Samson Chota, Arnaud T. Bruat, Stefan Van der Stigchel, Christoph Strauch
Visual working memory (VWM) allows to store goal-relevant information to guide future behavior. Prior work suggests that VWM is spatially organized and relies on spatial attention directed toward locations at which memory items were encoded, even if location is task irrelevant. Importantly, attention often needs to be dynamically redistributed between locations, for example, in preparation for an upcoming
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Expectation Modulates Repetition Suppression at Later But Not Early Stages during Visual Word Recognition: Evidence from Event-related Potentials J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Bingbing Song, Werner Sommer, Urs Maurer
Visual word recognition is commonly rapid and efficient, incorporating top–down predictive processing mechanisms. Neuroimaging studies with face stimuli suggest that repetition suppression (RS) reflects predictive processing at the neural level, as this effect is larger when repetitions are more frequent, that is, more expected. It remains unclear, however, at the temporal level whether and how RS
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Amygdalar Excitation of Hippocampal Interneurons Can Lead to Emotion-driven Overgeneralization of Context J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Yohan J. John, Jingyi Wang, Daniel Bullock, Helen Barbas
Context is central to cognition: Detailed contextual representations enable flexible adjustment of behavior via comparison of the current situation with prior experience. Emotional experiences can greatly enhance contextual memory. However, sufficiently intense emotional signals can have the opposite effect, leading to weaker or less specific memories. How can emotional signals have such intensity-dependent
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Real Face Value: The Processing of Naturalistic Facial Expressions in the Macaque Inferior Temporal Cortex J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Jessica Taubert, Shruti Japee
For primates, expressions of fear are thought to be powerful social signals. In laboratory settings, faces with fearful expressions have reliably evoked valence effects in inferior temporal cortex. However, because macaques use so called “fear grins” in a variety of different contexts, the deeper question is whether the macaque inferior temporal cortex is tuned to the prototypical fear grin, or to
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Propofol-mediated Unconsciousness Disrupts Progression of Sensory Signals through the Cortical Hierarchy J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 John M. Tauber, Scott L. Brincat, Emily P. Stephen, Jacob A. Donoghue, Leo Kozachkov, Emery N. Brown, Earl K. Miller
A critical component of anesthesia is the loss of sensory perception. Propofol is the most widely used drug for general anesthesia, but the neural mechanisms of how and when it disrupts sensory processing are not fully understood. We analyzed local field potential and spiking recorded from Utah arrays in auditory cortex, associative cortex, and cognitive cortex of nonhuman primates before and during
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Motivation as a Lens for Understanding Information-seeking Behaviors J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Xinxu Shen, Chelsea Helion, David V. Smith, Vishnu P. Murty
Most prior research characterizes information-seeking behaviors as serving utilitarian purposes, such as whether the obtained information can help solve practical problems. However, information-seeking behaviors are sensitive to different contexts (i.e., threat vs. curiosity), despite having equivalent utility. Furthermore, these search behaviors can be modulated by individuals' life history and personality
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Mental Simulations and Action Language Are Impaired in Individuals with Aphantasia J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 William Dupont, Charalambos Papaxanthis, Florent Lebon, Carol Madden-Lombardi
Action reading is thought to engage motor simulations, such as those involved during the generation of mental motor images. These simulations would yield modulations in activity of motor-related cortical regions and contribute to action language comprehension. To test these ideas, we measured corticospinal excitability during action reading, and reading comprehension ability, in individuals with normal
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The Interaction of Context Constraints and Predictive Validity during Sentence Reading J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 René Terporten, Eleanor Huizeling, Karin Heidlmayr, Peter Hagoort, Anne Kösem
Words are not processed in isolation; instead, they are commonly embedded in phrases and sentences. The sentential context influences the perception and processing of a word. However, how this is achieved by brain processes and whether predictive mechanisms underlie this process remain a debated topic. Here, we employed an experimental paradigm in which we orthogonalized sentence context constraints
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Temporal and Spatial Information Elicit Different Power and Connectivity Profiles during Working Memory Maintenance J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Nikita Otstavnov, Abrar Riaz, Victoria Moiseeva, Tommaso Fedele
Working memory (WM) is the cognitive ability to store and manipulate information necessary for ongoing tasks. Although frontoparietal areas are involved in the retention of visually presented information, oscillatory neural activity differs for temporal and spatial WM processing. In this study, we corroborated previous findings describing the modulation of neural oscillations and expanded our investigation
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Learning Cognitive Flexibility: Neural Substrates of Adapting Switch-Readiness to Time-varying Demands J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Anthony W. Sali, Christina Bejjani, Tobias Egner
An individual's readiness to switch tasks (cognitive flexibility) varies over time, in part, as the result of reinforcement learning based on the statistical structure of the world around them. Consequently, the behavioral cost associated with task-switching is smaller in contexts where switching is frequent than where it is rare, but the underlying brain mechanisms of this adaptation in cognitive
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The Effects of Age and Reading Experience on the Lifespan Neurodevelopment for Reading Comprehension J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Xinyang Liu, Lihuan Zhang, Saiwen Yu, Zilin Bai, Ting Qi, Hengyu Mao, Zonglei Zhen, Qi Dong, Li Liu
Reading comprehension is a vital cognitive skill that individuals use throughout their lives. The neurodevelopment of reading comprehension across the lifespan, however, remains underresearched. Furthermore, factors such as maturation and experience significantly influence functional brain development. Given the complexity of reading comprehension, which incorporates lower-level word reading process
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Superior Attentional Efficiency of Auditory Cue via the Ventral Auditory-thalamic Pathway J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Ke Wang, Ying Fang, Qiang Guo, Lu Shen, Qi Chen
Auditory commands are often executed more efficiently than visual commands. However, empirical evidence on the underlying behavioral and neural mechanisms remains scarce. In two experiments, we manipulated the delivery modality of informative cues and the prediction violation effect and found consistently enhanced RT benefits for the matched auditory cues compared with the matched visual cues. At the
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Multi-modal Representation of the Size of Space in the Human Brain J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Jaeeun Lee, Soojin Park
To estimate the size of an indoor space, we must analyze the visual boundaries that limit the spatial extent and acoustic cues from reflected interior surfaces. We used fMRI to examine how the brain processes the geometric size of indoor scenes when various types of sensory cues are presented individually or together. Specifically, we asked whether the size of space is represented in a modality-specific
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How Society Anxiety Influences Attention Control in College Students: The Moderated Mediation Effect of Cognitive Flexibility and Resting-state Electroencephalography Activity J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Li Wang, Jing Sheng, Shumin Duan, Shuang Lin, Yongjian Li, Zhe Li, Shuzhen Li, Yifutihaer Sataer, Jun Chen
Social anxiety is a prevalent issue among college students, adversely affecting their overall well-being. Drawing from the cognitive model of social anxiety and attention control theory, heightened levels of social anxiety may correspond to poorer attention control ability. However, little is known about the underlying cognitive mechanisms of the relationship between social anxiety and attention control
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Effector-independent Representations Guide Sequential Target Selection Biases in Action J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Sean R. O'Bryan, Jeff Moher, J. Daniel McCarthy, Joo-Hyun Song
Previous work shows that automatic attention biases toward recently selected target features transfer across action and perception and even across different effectors such as the eyes and hands on a trial-by-trial basis. Although these findings suggest a common neural representation of selection history across effectors, the extent to which information about recently selected target features is encoded
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Automatic Change Detection in Interwoven Sequences: A Visual Mismatch Negativity Study J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Nóra Csikós, Bela Petro, Petia Kojouharova, Zsófia Anna Gaál, István Czigler
In this study, we investigated whether the cognitive system, known to be able to register regular visual event sequences and the violation of these sequences automatically, had the capacity of processing two sequences simultaneously. To this end, we measured the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) component of ERPs as interwoven event sequences simultaneously presented to the left and right side of the
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Neural Speech Tracking Highlights the Importance of Visual Speech in Multi-speaker Situations J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Chandra L. Haider, Hyojin Park, Anne Hauswald, Nathan Weisz
Visual speech plays a powerful role in facilitating auditory speech processing and has been a publicly noticed topic with the wide usage of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a previous magnetoencephalography study, we showed that occluding the mouth area significantly impairs neural speech tracking. To rule out the possibility that this deterioration is because of degraded sound quality,
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Attentional Modulation in Early Visual Cortex: A Focused Reanalysis of Steady-state Visual Evoked Potential Studies J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Nika Adamian, Søren K. Andersen
Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) are a powerful tool for investigating selective attention. Here, we conducted a combined reanalysis of multiple studies employing this technique in a variety of attentional experiments to, first, establish benchmark effect sizes of attention on amplitude and phase of SSVEPs and, second, harness the power of a large data set to test more specific hypotheses
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Turning the Light Switch on Binding: Prefrontal Activity for Binding and Retrieval in Action Control J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Christoph Felix Geissler, Lars-Michael Schöpper, Anna Franziska Engesser, Christian Beste, Alexander Münchau, Christian Frings
According to action control theories, responding to a stimulus leads to the binding of response and stimulus features into a common representation, that is, an event file. Repeating any component of an event file retrieves all previously bound information, leading to performance costs for partial repetitions measured in so-called binding effects. Although otherwise robust and stable, binding effects
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Tomatoes Are Red: The Perception of Achromatic Objects Elicits Retrieval of Associated Color Knowledge J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Atsuko Takashima, Francesca Carota, Vincent Schoots, Alexandra Redmann, Janneke Jehee, Peter Indefrey
When preparing to name an object, semantic knowledge about the object and its attributes is activated, including perceptual properties. It is unclear, however, whether semantic attribute activation contributes to lexical access or is a consequence of activating a concept irrespective of whether that concept is to be named or not. In this study, we measured neural responses using fMRI while participants
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Interdependence of “What” and “When” in the Brain J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Sanne Ten Oever, Andrea E. Martin
From a brain's-eye-view, when a stimulus occurs and what it is are interrelated aspects of interpreting the perceptual world. Yet in practice, the putative perceptual inferences about sensory content and timing are often dichotomized and not investigated as an integrated process. We here argue that neural temporal dynamics can influence what is perceived, and in turn, stimulus content can influence
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Modulation of Visually Induced Self-motion Illusions by α Transcranial Electric Stimulation over the Superior Parietal Cortex J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Sylvain Harquel, Corinne Cian, Laurent Torlay, Emilie Cousin, Pierre-Alain Barraud, Thierry Bougerol, Michel Guerraz
The growing popularity of virtual reality systems has led to a renewed interest in understanding the neurophysiological correlates of the illusion of self-motion (vection), a phenomenon that can be both intentionally induced or avoided in such systems, depending on the application. Recent research has highlighted the modulation of α power oscillations over the superior parietal cortex during vection
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Perceptual Cycles Travel Across Retinotopic Space J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Camille Fakche, Laura Dugué
Visual perception waxes and wanes periodically over time at low frequencies (theta: 4–7 Hz; alpha: 8–13 Hz), creating “perceptual cycles.” These perceptual cycles can be induced when stimulating the brain with a flickering visual stimulus at the theta or alpha frequency. Here, we took advantage of the well-known organization of the visual system into retinotopic maps (topographic correspondence between
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Event Probabilities Have a Different Impact on Early and Late Electroencephalographic Measures Regarded as Metrics of Prediction J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Blake W. Saurels, Alan Johnston, Kielan Yarrow, Derek H. Arnold
The oddball protocol has been used to study the neural and perceptual consequences of implicit predictions in the human brain. The protocol involves presenting a sequence of identical repeated events that are eventually broken by a novel “oddball” presentation. Oddball presentations have been linked to increased neural responding and to an exaggeration of perceived duration relative to repeated events
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A Case Study of the Validity of Web-based Visuomotor Rotation Experiments J. Cogn. Neurosci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Megan C. Shyr, Sanjay S. Joshi
Web-based experiments are gaining momentum in motor learning research because of the desire to increase statistical power, decrease overhead for human participant experiments, and utilize a more demographically inclusive sample population. However, there is a vital need to understand the general feasibility and considerations necessary to shift tightly controlled human participant experiments to an